The Egyptian Heaven and Hell, Vol. II- the Short form of the Book Amtuat and the Book of Gates (Books on Egypt and Chaldaea, Vol. XXI of the Series)

Source and rights: Internet Archive historical scan, published 1905. The source text below is imported without translation or rewriting.

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Books on Egypt and Cbhaldaea

VoL. XXI. OF THE SERIES

THE

EGYPTIAN HEAVEN AND HELL

Vow. II.

THE SHORT FORM oF tue BOOK AM-TUAT

AND

THE BOOK OF GATES

BOOKS ON EGYPT AND CHALDAEA.

Vol. 1–EGYPTIAN RELIGION.

Vol. IL-EGYPTIAN MAGIC.

Vol, Iil.-EGYPTIAN LANGUAGE.

Vol. IV.—BABYLONIAN RELIGION. Vol. V.—ASSYRIAN LANGUAGE,

Vol. VI—BOOK OF THE DEAD, vol. i.

Vol. VIL— ,, a . vol. ii. Vol. VIII. 55 ae vol. iii. Vol. IX.-HISTORY OF EGYPT, vol. i. Vol. X.— ” » ” vol. ii. Vol. XI.— os % vol. iii. Vol. XII.— ms <. 59 is vol. iv.

Vol. XITI.— rT: a a vol. v. Vol. XIV.— - a “s vol. vi. Vol. XV.— i 7 ” vol. vii. Vol. XVI.— Pf vol. viii.

Vol. XVII. _THE DECREES OF MEMPHIS AND CANOPUS-—THE ROSETTA STONE, vol. i. Vol. XVIII—THE DECREES OF MEMPHIS AND CANOPUS-THE ROSETTA STONE, vol. ii. Vol. XIX.-THE DECREES OF MEMPHIS AND Sah OPUS—THE STELE OF ‘CANOPUS,

vol. iii.

Vol. XX.—~EGYPTIAN HEAVEN AND HELL, vol. i. Vol, XXI— ” ” ” vol. ii. Vol. XXILL— ” vol. iii.

Vol. XXIII, —BABYLONIAN MAGIC. {Ju preparation]

Full Prospectus on application.

KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO. Lrp. DrypEn House, Gerrard Street, Lonpon, W.

a a

rl}

Hae [omet TRS SVE

SNR

Books on Loyppt and Chaldaca

THE

EGYPTIAN HEAVEN AND HELL

BY

E. A. WALLIS BUDGE, M.A,, Lirt.D., D.Litt., D.Lrr.

KERPER OF THE EGYPTIAN AND ASSYRIAN ANTIQUITIES IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM

VOL. II,

THE SHORT FORM or tHE BOOK AM-TUAT

AND

THE BOOK OF GATES

LONDON KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO. Lrp. DRYDEN Houss, 43, GERRARD STREET, W. 1905 - [4AM rights reserved]

LONDON PRINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTON LIMITED ST, JOHN’S HOUSE, CLERKENWELL, E.C.

WN

00101413

NOTE

Tuts volume is the second of a series of three volumes which treat of the Egyptian Heaven and Hell. It contains the complete hieroglyphic text of the Summary, or short form of the Boox Am-Tvar, and the complete hieroglyphic text of the Boox or Garzs, with translations and reproductions of all the illustrations. A series of Chapters dealing with the origin and contents of Books of the Other World, with prefatory remarks,

and a full index to the whole work, will be found in the third volume,

CONTENTS

CHAP, PAGE Tue Goppess Nut. From THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SenrI. . . . « ~— Mrontispieve Tur Suort Fors or THE Book Am-TuaT :— Frrst Hour. : s = j ‘ 1 Seconp Hour . ‘ ; : : ‘ . 4 Tuirp Hour . : ; : Q 8 Fourth Hour . ; : F : . . 18 Firth Hour . : 5 ; ‘ : . 16 Sixtn Hour . ; ; . , : . 20 Seventy Hovr. , : ; ‘ . . 25 EreutH Hoor . ‘ ‘ : ‘ : . 380 Nintu Hour . . : ‘ : ;: . 382 Tenru Hour . : ‘ . . , . 34 ELeventn Hour. ‘ . : . . 36 TwetrTu Hour i ‘ ; ; , . 38 I. Tue AuasBaster Sarcopuacus or Seti I. . . 43 Aprrenpix: Beuzonrs Account oF H1s Discovery oF THE Toms oF Serr I. . ; , . . TL THe Boox or, Gates :— If, Tus Wesrern VESTIBULE, oR ANTE-CHAMBER OF tuk Tuat, Ser-Amenrer, GUARDED BY SET AND Tat. With 2 Illustrations , . 80 III, Tux Frest Gate, auarDeD By Saa-Ser. With 10 Illustrations . % otf ; : . 86 IV. Tus Secoxp Gate, SerpeT-UAUAU, GUARDED BY AgesI. With-7 Illustrations . : : . 100

V. Tux Tuirp Gate, Nepr-s-TCHEFAU, GUARDED BY TcueTsi. With 10‘Illustrations . é . 119

vill CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE VI. Tue Fourtu Gare, Arit, evarpED By TEKA-HRA, With 11 Illustrations : e és ‘ . 139 VII, Tue Jupement Hatt or Osiris. With 1 Illustra-

tion . i . 158

VIII. Tue Firru Gare, Nunhiehie GUARDED BY Serdiaw MAAT-F, With 4 Illustrations. : . 168

IX. Tue Sixru Gare, Pestit, cuarpep py AKHA-EN- MAAT, With 27 Illustrations « : 7 . 190

X. Tue Seventy Gare, BEKHKHI, GUARDED BY Ser- HRA. With 9 Illustrations ‘ F ; . 219

XI. Tue Ereutu Gare, Aat-sHEFsHEFT, GUARDED, BY

As-ta. With 12 Illustrations. . . . 287

XII. Tue Ninty Gate, TcHEsERIT, GUARDED BY SETHU. With 10 Illustrations . : . 259

XIII. Tue Terry Gate, SHerat-BESU, GUARDED BY aes nETU-F. With 12 Illustrations . : . 279

XIV. Tue Exeventy Gate, TESERT-BAIU, GUARDED BY Sesr AND ReER!I, OR THE EASTERN VESTIBULE oF THE TuaT. With 2 Tllustrations : . 801

ERRATA

P. 10, 1. 3, for “Then-tent-baiu” read “Tent-baiu”; p. 20, 1, 10, for “ Nebt-mu-tuatiu ” read “ Metchet-mu-nebt- Tuatiu” ; ms

50 | 5! p. 18, 1. 2, for Y ‘| | read ° ‘| |; p. 23, 1. 3, for] read 1 1 : . AAA —<_— s i: p. 84, L 1, for MA read o> (CI; p. 57, 1. 3, for “the CL — magica] powers” read “her magical powers to those”; p, 113, —— HHH a A Q 3 o

1. 26, for read 3 p. 115, 1. 11, for f read if It 4) _—2

11 p. 119, 1. 3, for “Tchetbi” read “ Nebt-tchefau”; p, 147, 1. 7.

for []\ read GS.

THE SHORT FORM

OF THE

BOOK OF AM-TUAT

THE SUMMARY OF THE BOOK OF WHAT IS IN THE UNDERWORLD.

Tue BEGINNING oF THE Horn or AMENTET, [WHICH IS] Tug UrrermMost Point or tug Drerest DARKNESS.

THE FYRST HOUR.

‘Tins god entereth into .the earth through the Hall of the horizon of Amentet. There are one hundred and twenty ATRU to journey over in this Hall before a man arriveth at the gods of the Tuat.

The name of the first Field of the Tuat is NET-RA. He (ie., Ra) allotteth fields to ‘the gods who are in {his] following, and he beginneth to send forth words to and to work out the plans of the divine beings of the Tuat in respect of this Field.

Whosoever shall have these made (ie, copied)

VOL. II. B

2 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

according to the similitude which is in Ament of the *Tuat, [and] whosoever shall have knowledge of these similitudes, [which are] the copies of this great god himself, they shall act as magical protectors for him upon earth regularly and unfailingly, and they shall act as magical protectors for him in the Great Tuat.

“USHEMET-HATU-KHEFTI-RA is the name of the [first] hour of the night which guideth this great god through this Hall.

THE FIRST HOUR.

I.—From Tae Toms or Serr I. (lines 1—22). MTHS SPS PT AMS? PORTER SUB SEILD sopeiPpan sens RSM WE EOS Ue SER PLISREIS TE to FMREIMUISMS SPM ROM LISSd

1 In this word, iN is usnally written for ti.

HSUSRE MES a Sy PERILS

eee SS 2 ke

= a id eo ee eed

hee Nee aR x Hn s STS lla

THE FIRST HOUR.

Il.—From THE LeyDEN Papyrus, T. 71. RS iS To. Mala oe ee ON

INS

ee se So. Se Feel S Pee PT NS NSN ee Pl Reese! a

i ae erred WWW os AWWW wa © | NWA ree oo Fa)

4 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

Ales th OF it hE

SAF s DRAW TRoE AS Ad RTS ase MT wl bre BLS {>

Sh RS EPP

= \ eid se. ol 6) Al

Shale =[(NeWNs— THE SECOND HOUR.

This great god afterwards taketh up his position in Ur-NEsT, which is three hundred and nine AtRU in ’ Jength, and one hundred and twenty ATRU in width.

The name of the gods who are in this Field is BAIu- Tuati. Whosoever knoweth their names shall have his existence with them, and unto him shall this great god allot fields in the place wherein they are in the Fret or Urnes. He shall stand up with the Gods who Stand Up (Awv), he shall travel on in the following

THE SECOND HOUR 5

of this great god, he shall enter into the carth, he shall force a way through the Tuat, he shall cleave a passage through the tresses of the gods with flowing hair (IIENksv), he shall travel on by the EATER oF THE Ass (Am-4A) after the emptying of the lands, he shall eat bread-cakes in the Boat of the Earth, and there shall be given unto him the fore-part of Tarusi.

Whosoever shall have made in writing (or, in drawing) similitudes of the Balu-Tuati (ie., the Souls of the Tuat) in the forms in which they are in Ament of the Tuat—now tho beginning of such representa- tions should be from Amentet,—and whosoever shall make offerings unto them upon earth in their names, [these things I say] shall act as magical protectors to that person upon earth, regularly and unfailingly.

And whosoever shall know the words which the gods of the Tuat speak to this god, and the words which are said by him to them when he is approaching the gods of the Tuat, [these words I say] shall act as magical protectors to him that knoweth them upon earth, regularly and unfailingly.

SHESAT-MAKET-NEB-S is the name of the hour of the night which guideth this great god through this Field.

THE SECOND HOUR.

I—From THe Toms or Seti I. (lines 23—61).

ONE ne eI SM

aQ el. Aww ES I TD

iio = Ul 18 a PTS Pod se TS We Lr Sr SH

lm et WRC ISON MS Sin sie ie ysl S a2 i eS Y SANIT Sh hea Shad NE hy AS OD ee NC woke se = PS) RSIS > LTD AMINED Ws Cale HOES Lan S| PAE ea i Oe LIN Pe dD Sp ste [MP es FS nool he IIS 1 QSidissd gS Hi AS

THE SECOND HOUR

OT am at ae tS RS te Sp0! ca nO ee SANT oles SAT ie WU elo NKS4cds:

THE SECOND HOUR.

IL—From Tue Leypen Papyrus, T. 71. SONS P el Te EES JS hd Rage Melsyi N79 1S Meee HAS MM edie Sm

OS Fall OE NG NG CE Lh

Cc) al eels wets Jiao iw

T= hie2h> ~{Rl xs MIKE ES Pdi s

8 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

al NEB IN SIS TS 5D Re Sb red JUN DSSLL A ASA ABM MEmMen Teak

ca PES ii Nr enka a ae ce oa

LSPs TS a oH

=> /a.@=-d <— ©, + =) ee P25 3 Ts

Ral ORINU EO. AS4S Ale

THE THIRD HOUR.

This great god afterwards taketh up his position in the Fields of the Peru-gods (ie., the Fighters), and

THE THIRD HOUR 9

this great god paddleth his way over the STREAM OF Osiris (Net-Asir) in sailing up this Field, which is three hundred and nine Arru long, and one hundred and twenty ATRU wide. This great god uttereth words to those who are in the following of Osiris to this City, and he allotteth unto them estates which are situated in this Field.

BAIU-SHETAIU (i.e., Hidden Souls) is the name of the gods who are in this Field, and whosoever knoweth their names upon earth shall be able to approach to the place where Osiris is, and there shall be given unto him water for his Field.

NET-NEB-UA-KIEPER-AUATU is the name of this Field. Whosoever shall know these hidden similitudes of the Hidden Souls in the correct forms wherein they are depicted in Ament of the Tuat—now the beginning of such representations should be from Amenteot—T[these figures I say] shall act as magical protectors to that man upon earth, [and] in Neter-khert, regularly and unfailingly.

Whosoever knoweth these, when he is making his journey past them shall escape from their roarings, and he shall not fall down into their furnaces (or, pits).

‘ ‘Whosoever knoweth this, when he is keeping ward over [his] seat (or, place), his bread-cake shall be with Rai; and whosoever knoweth this, being soul [and] spirit, shall have the mastery over his legs, and shall never enter into the place of destruction, but he shall

Io THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

come forth with his attributes (or, forms), and shall snuff the air for his hour.

THENTENT-BAIU is the name of the hour of the night which guideth this great god through this Field.

THE THIRD HOUR.

I.—From THE Toms or Sett I. (lines 62—105). SONY LT. oars’ iE CONT ne Ne rex FARA FY num dee DAL PSS Te Lora MASTS! 1 voor SS EM Te" Sin SE SpE IMPS Alls A ert =JSSqih Bus sretad 8 AY ce USS | seed} ialise = bl iN (Ca BUA TS

THE THIRD HOUR If

et NR NOR on co pense “Him eNLSIPAS Ni Lint SlLRiLinseos, a a Nees

KE STWSYVALS es J MeN 6 A Sp eS ee PS

[Ss AU] § ces SS.

THE THIRD HOUR.

II.—From tue Leypen Papyrus, T. 71: art CoN aes SN ai Ses eae Od ALT =~ DINe = LNSPRIN ho MESSMO OM

IFMER SE FLae=I= Jem OWE SS! elit Latrdinate i Saeti err idSs JAIL ap Spr Smee St Ses MSISZHShli a a SNE HN fed TAs Rel Soh oH TAkd ek SSE I-KRotm>smhohs To SSfa—angy=z PRL OR SSID ElRES LMeMRS I

ees 3 Se CALS ARGS IPS2Q LIGA A— TRORLEAY TOR

a me s fos: 4 ae NN RA Wn SN | °

THE FOURTH HOUR.

The majesty of this great god, having been towed along, afterwards taketh up his position in the secret Circle of AMENTET, and he performeth the affairs of the gods of the Tuat who are therein by means of his voice, but he seeth them not.

ANKH-KHEPERU is the name of the gate of this Circle. ’

AMENT-SETHAU is the name of this Circle.

Whosoever knoweth this representation of the hidden roads of Re-statet, and the holy paths of the AMMEHET, and the secret doors which are in the Land of SEKER, the god who is upon his sand, shall be in the condition of him that eateth the bread-cakes which are [made] for the mouth of the Livinc gods in the Temple of Tem.

Whosoever knoweth this shall be in the condition of him that is madt on the ways, and he shall journey

14 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

over the roads of RE-SETHAU, and he shall see the representations of the AMMEHET.

URT-EM-SEKHEMU-SET is the name of the hour of the night which guideth this great god.

THE FOURTH HOUR.

L—From tue Toms oF Seti I. (lines 106—138).

TO INTEIN & tedden [avon DOES Eo ann eee PLL al | ne LISHTSIRAME Fes 5 Sa l\Jease ee NOT etree feed TT eoR = eT Pata perl dl Ve Se dS Hg! Sted aloe dyads =zle S tl Nei Zam odin

THE FOURTH HOUR

= ho SiS DASA ® Myo Sele Sie Shka m8 PAS AMOR RAT

oD Som NTN 0 Ge Some eps Sk pod INZ ASS SRD So 12.0 & IieelJcason \ a Ad GI PES Alee sccm ala dso tHe piece

ee ne

16 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

ae cai

won A TRaset~s —

KAT iS hob ba xd:

This great god is towed along over the ways of Maat of the Tuat through the upper half of this secret Circle of the god SEKER, who is upon his sand, and he neither looketh upon nor gazeth at the secret figure of the earth which containeth the flesh of this god. The gods who are in [the train of] this god hear the words of Ra, who crieth unto them from where this

THE FIFTH HOUR.

god is. ANK-NETERU is the name of the door [of this City]. 6

Ament is the name of the Circle of this god, [and in it are] the secret path of Amentet, and the doors of the hidden palace, and the holy place of the Lanp oF SeKeER [with his] flesh, and [his] members, [and his] body, in the divine form which they had at first.

Baru-AMu-Tuat is the name of the gods who are in [this] Circle, Their forms (drw) who are in their hour,

THE FIFTH HOUR I7

and their secret shapes (kheperu) neither know, nor look upon, nor see this image (or, similitude) of SEKER (or, the hawk) himself.

Whosoever shall make these representations according

• to the image which is in writing in the hidden places of the Tuat, at the south of the Hidden Palace, and whosoever shall know them shall be at peace, and his soul shall unite itself to the offerings of SEKER, and the goddess Knemit shall not hack his body in picces, and he shall go on his way towards her in peace. Whoso- ever shall make offerings to these gods upon earth— {these offerings, I say, shall act as magical protectors to that man upon earth, and in NETER-KuERT, regularly and unfailingly].

SEM-IER-AB-UAA-S is the name of the hour of the night which guideth this great god through this Field.

THE FIFTH HOUR.

I—From Tue Toms oF Seri I. (lines 139—173).

=A. ea bNe=s

a a — & a A a Cw Sopak Has S55 a YoSaur fs 2 ori soe Oa =|

E07 1. Ze a S|

2 SASal PAV LUb TAF 9!

VOL, If

poY ORI LISS Savy To NP ee Jay Te ST an |S ah se |

SORES IQSHsnd (NALS Sse FoF 2 Ral oles lL vel NG ree eS ee Sa SP A NEE ss ork Nea Veos Tt 0 0S — Rl Sy] se ar ES Pd aS el be a Dane eee aS =O -d VE ARLS yD eS ee ee FR colt S., [rae meet ee

wl AS? 2 lo me xo:

THE FIFTH HOUR 19 THE FIFTH HOUR.

IL.—From THE LEYDEN Papyrus, T. 771.

eT i; mon ATH BT

S <> — i] FR oe Sosa

Sia RA ESoN moe reel Sea SES bd WAS Tv Ale lS

LP GSapd ele DR

[mage oR] BH en 4A ofl — I

wwe) awww SS ET 3 on = et = = | Oe le“, a mu St

mort at Tank able Se hb ects TiN PS Bae IE Bi gecomm

r SSMS ES pate

Sle UPN

woe a OAT RU as? be I= SI9ZI-hS* =a hE SiSSelhlUedySann 2= Klan es as

iat eo

iF Aon ily baenee <> OO wns

THE SIXTH HOUR.

The majesty of this great god taketh up his position in the stream of NEBT-MU-TUATIU (i.e., the Lord of the waters of the gods of the Tuat), and he sendeth forth words to the gods who are therein, and he commandeth that they have the mastery over their divine offerings in this City. He maketh his way through this Field, being provided with his Boat, and he setteth apart by his words the estates which are [to produce] their offerings in this City, and he giveth to them water for their lakes, and he travelleth through the T vat every day.

SEPT-METU is the name of the door of this City.

THE SIXTH HOUR ar

The secret roads of Amentet, and the manner wherein ‘this great god is being rowed along over the water therein in his boat to perform the plans (or, affairs) of the gods of the Tuat, the gathering together [of them] by their names, the manifestations of their shapes (or, forms), and [their] secret hours, such are the things of which the secret representatioh of the Tuat is not ‘known to men and women.

Whosoever shall make [a copy of] this image in writing, according to the representation of the same which is in the hidden things of the Tuat, at the south of the Hidden Palace, and whosoever shall know them shall be in the condition of one who awardeth offerings in abundance in the Tuat, and he shall be united ‘to the offerings of the gods who are in the following of Osiris, and his parents (or, kinsfolk) shall make the offerings which are obligatory on the earth.

The majesty of this great god sendeth forth words, and he giveth divine offerings to [the gods of] the Tuat, and he standeth up by them; and they see him, and they have dominion over their Fields and over the gifts made to them, and they effect their transforma- tions by reason of the words which this great god hath spoken unto them. z

METCUET-NEBT-TUATIU is the name of this Field, which is the road of the Boat of Ra.

MESPERIT-AR-MAAT is the name of the hour of the night which guideth this great god through this country.

22 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY ’ THE SIXTH HOUR. I.—From THE Toms oF Sert I. (lines 174—210).

Sle En | i =! IG TT BY Soe

ATHYH ISSEY DSS NeMMmMM Iso 2 2 ton SR DUNE Seem Ass ooo

HRA MOO aN ee Aen Arka

[ttt & aml lt Woo

amie snake Ee Pace St Iw ed BAAS ISSS SP ReAN aol SPV EKRSIN LEM Sa sit see wast * WoW sel 2 dese

PNP ee Hd OU =

eR oid. ol PE TWP ABET a WNP e dL \p2 Teds = well DTS Bly eh oI-SmZee Up tattle aT Mi ae iD Ds aa pear | ee cmt SX ND cee WU TS As o> 2 demo Ale SA en ea

THE SIXTH HOUR.

II.—From tne LeypEn Papyrus, T. 71. = Obed acw | oom a BOA BS TA nN SSUES Sa

24 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

HAD LR AaMveMmN aire © NS" (Ww zt APIS DS HAS!

RWW MA AAA A te

eS eel & on keQR Ue IK RTS SoM pephrttrglinetlbetire Vino te IAS S SD mil Wand S=hELM ve SoS SHS SOAS 2651 toW aM, RANE [Sree ea ee SIeEl- UAT ASSET ARSE S MIALY! TL Mead y-e dw

RPMI aM aaa ed CaS ooh ALO hi EeeAPORIOOM SSeS MLA

= ra moron ER aw

Kal SMA MEA EU lard

THE SEVENTH HOUR.

The majesty of this great god taketh up his position in the secret place of Osiris, and the majesty of. this great god sendeth forth words into this to the gods who dwell therein. This god maketh to himself other forms for this hidden place in order to drive out of his path the serpent fiend ArEP by means of the words of power of Isis, and the words of power of SEMsu (?).

Ruri-AsAr is the name of the gate of this City through which this god passeth.

TEPHET-SHETA is the name of this City.

26 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

This great god maketh his way over the road of Ament in the holy boat, and he passeth in it over this road which is without water, without being towed along. He maketh his way by means of the words of power of Isis, and by means of the words of power of Semsu (?), and the utterances of this great god himself [act as] magical protectors, and perform the slaughters of Apep in the Tuat, in this Circle, in his windings in the sky.

Whosoever shall make [a copy of] these [pictures] according to the similitudes which are in writing at the northern side of the Hidden Palace in the Tuat, they shall act as magical protectors for him that maketh them in heaven and in earth. And whosoever knoweth them shall be a soul of souls with Ra. And whosoever shall make (ie.,,recite) the words of power of Isis and the words of power of Semsu, shall make to be driven back the Apep of Ra in Amentet. Whoso- ever shall do [this] in the Hidden Palace of the Tuat, and whosoever shall do [this] upon earth, (the result is] the same. Whosoever knoweth this shall be in the Boat of Ra, both in heaven and upon earth; but he that hath no knowledge of this representation shall not know how to drive back Nema-HrA (ie., Stinking-Face).

Now the ridge of earth of Newa-1RA in the Tuat is four hundred and fifty cubits in length, and he filleth it with the undulations of his body. The regions which belong to him are made (ie., kept) for him, and the great god doth not make his way over him when he ,

THE SEVENTH HOUR 27

maketh him to turn aside out of the way for him, from the secret place of Osiris, when this god maketh his way. through this city in the form of the serpent MEHEN.

Whosoever shall know this upon earth, the serpent NewA-HRA shall not drink his water, and the soul of him that knoweth it shall not be evilly entreated by the gods who are in this Circle; and whosoever knoweth it the crocodile AB-SHau shall not devour his soul.

KIESEF-HAI-HESEQ-NEIA-HRA is the name of the hour of the night which guideth this great god through this Circle.

THE SEVENTH HOUR. I.—From tre Toms or Seti I. (lines 210—213).

2 Ome Ve a0 oko dt dd Be DD Tim set OR a ee Tak se ene aS

THE SEVENTH HOUR.

IJ.—From tuk Leypen Papyrus, T. 71. ee ee oars Sa ere, sen Ts | pee eee Ne

Sithy Plot sl LSiS=R578K PED ded ES Ral eel oe eee 25 Pail LjTes FASE ANS = n THT an 2 DIS KY IWSSsTMZe MNSS Se RNS SGC de WK Dra BS Spat | oe MMI AS* SF mio oy Beh =p TWoP AISA! fo Wels <19G 42 SE REAM ISS NSS! Sad bss

THE SEVENTH HOUR 29

eee asa Ac al =

a a Co ll x

Burspeness el ane ee ee eSlich Ll Phew sw DES OR, DN PE YD Teh Jesh Ser Thess SS\sAreT Neen Arata =lbeT- hehtr= bs

30 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY eee Fos TS ale [IA So Ss OWS oom TTP NS tw *:

THE EIGHTH HOUR.

When the majesty of this great god hath taken up

• his position in the secret Circles of those who are in their sand, he sendeth forth words to them from out of his Boat, and the gods tow along him that is in the holy embrace (?) of the serpent MEIEN.

Aui-AN-URT-F is the name of the gate of this City.

TEBAT-NETERU-SET is the name of this City.

As for the secret Circle of AMENTET, this great god maketh his way over it in his Boat, by means of the towing of the gods who are in the Tuat.

Whosoever shall make [a copy of] these things according to the similitude which is in writing on the north [wall] of the Hidden Palace in the Tuat, and whosoever shall know them by their names, shall be in the condition of one who is fully provided with swathings on the earth, and he shall never be repulsed at the secret gates, and he shall have abundant offerings in the great funeral hall regularly and unfailingly for millions of years.

NEBT-USHA is the name of the hour of the night. which guideth this great god.

THE EIGHTH HOUR 31 THE EIGHTH HOUR. From THE LEYDEN Papyrus, T. 71.

— , | [| on“ oe 4°00 | <= Beeps I <> S00]

Samael . PURSE oe AST lS he ved ra

SS SwElhh oe? Ste

ShTES SIF NSS: es SSS Pa TIERS |

1: SHUSME IN BMI SSI AT Aes bE Phemha lb es See i ee

SEER UR SSTSS

32 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT–SUMMARY fi T HIS LOMY ins Weare)

THE NINTH HOUR.

When the majesty of this great god hath taken up his position in this Circle, he sendeth forth words from his Boat to the gods who dwell therein, and the sailors join the Boat of this great god in this City.-

SAA-KEB is the name of the gate of this City through which this great god passeth to take up his oe on . the stream which is in this City.

Bes-Aru is the name of this City, which is “hs secret Circle of AmENTET, wherein take up their positions in the Tuat this great god and his sailors.

Whosoever maketh [a copy of] these things in their names according to the similitudes which are in writing on the east [wall] of the Hidden Palace of the Tuat, and whosoever knoweth their names upon earth, and knoweth their habitations in Amentet, shall rest in his habitation in the Tuat, and he shall stand up among the lords of the provisions of the gods, and his voice shall be madt before the tchatcha beings on the day of the reckoning of Pharaoh (literally, the thrice great house). And these things shall act as magical

_ protectors to him that knoweth them upon earth.

MaAxk-NeEB-S is the name of the hour of the night

which guideth this great god in this Circle.

THE NINTH HOUR 33 THE NINTH HOUR.

SLITS MR Sead SIFTS TA Ard Ri RSTonRSS

Pree (UP ca @ =, | o-=@- ww & Lawn A pune |

SaTSIAS Sears) mise © = [ss 1 btm Se Sf] Med= TReSISSRRSY SIMMS HSS cUe Sxl bSa re PeKS SCRA

SPiSIMSAAU SAS

VOL. II.

a

34 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

| > Se ee Bole Pee FRO

ee | TS am QO 2a ae eg! os a ——— i aS

ra of] —

“7

Sil

THE TENTH HOUR.

The majesty of this great god taketh up his position in this Circle, and he sendeth forth words to the gods who are in it.

AA-KHEPERU-MES-ARU is the name of the gate of this City through which this great god passeth.

METCII-QA-UTEBU is the name of this City. [This is} the secret Circle of Amentet whereto KnEPERA joineth himself before Ra, and the gods, and the spirits, and the dead cry out from it over the secret representa- tions (or, images) of AkERT.

Whosoever shall make [a copy of] these [repre- sentations] according to the figures which are depicted on the east [wall] of Ament, and whosoever knoweth them by their names shall journey round about in the Tuat, and shall travel through it, and he shall not be driven back, and he shall flourish with Ra.

‘TENTENIT-HESQ-KHAKABU is the name of the hour of the night which guideth this great god through the secret ways of this City.

THE TENTH HOUR 35 THE TENTH HOUR.

FroM THE LEYDEN Papyrus, T. 771.

mee On ~ NINSow 1S SPT a ti Pl ee ld AD re ten Oe Tam as MS g Pi PS QS Poot 2 a WINIS Se Ss =e ae EN 2s Tarn Bk Ebon (221230 BUS Mes allt thine ee SAEs Sail 2 _

SIN AT eS AIA ATS mu

36 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

2 tm eA TIN THE ELEVENTH HOUR. —

The majesty of this great god taketh up his position in this Circle, and he sendeth forth words unto the gods who are therein.

SEKHEN-TUATIU is the name of the gate of this City through which this great god passeth.

RE-EN-QERERT-APT-KHAT ig the name of this City. {This is] the secret Circle of the Tuat into which this great god passeth on his way, and [he] cometh forth at the eastern mountain of the sky, the eater of eternity. The form thereof is in the presence of the serpent Petra, which dwelleth in this City, and they (ie. the gods) place themselves in the train of [Ra] when the birth of KHEPER upon earth is about to take place.

Whosoever shall make [a copy] of these [representa- tions] according to the figures which are depicted on the east [wall] of the palace of Ament in the hidden [places] of the Tuat, and whosoever knoweth them shall be in the position of him that divideth his offering, and of him who is a spirit who is suitably equipped [to travel] both in heaven and upon earth, regularly and unceasingly.

SEBIT-NEB-UAA-KHESEF-SEBIU-EM-PERT-F ig the name of the hour ef the night which guideth this great god in this Circle.

THE ELEVENTH HOUR 37 THE ELEVENTH HOUR.

Sole 2=MhScad UE PS Bee eS 2 vn OO Vpn ad BS Ta On DM

co = 8 aI SS “A ¢

11 1S] BRO lawn wn >O! eso Se won K aa =a oy 2 20 0 0 Luin}

tJoo se ORHAPSC AS (2 mit] Br Need ER Leh eB aRU o’s = Mel Nee SST eocal |y=zhe RELeRedal i eae =F ib wae Se kp

{ Soy ——J mn Oo AO

SRA OU DIRSSRNS

38 THE BOOK OF AM-TUAT—SUMMARY

4S Spl ams 9 ITN

—_— A x* OW’

THE TWELFTH HOUR.

The majesty of this great god taketh up his position in this Circle at the limits of the thick darkness, and this great god is born under the form of KHEPERA in this Circle. The gods Nu and Ammut, and Hey and Hen{ut] are in this Circle at the birth of this great god, when he maketh his appearance from the Tuat, and taketh up his place in the Matet Boat, and riseth from between the thighs of the goddess Nut.

THENEN-NETERU is the name of the gate of this City.

KUEPER-KEKUI-KHA-MESTI is the name of this. City. [This is] the secret Circle of the Tuat, wherein this great god is born, when he maketh his appearance in Nu, and taketh up his place in the body of Nur.

Whosoever shall make [a copy] of these [representa- tions] according to the figures which are depicted on the east [wall] of the palace of Ament of the Tuat, they shall be magical protectors to him that knoweth them upon-earth, both in heaven and on earth.

At this point the light"beginneth [to come], and it is the end of the thick darkness which Ra travelleth through in Amentet, and of the secret matters which this great god performed therein. He who hath no. knowledge of the whole(?) or part(?) of the secret

THE TWELFTH HOUR 39

representations of the Tuat, shall be condemned to destruction.

Whosoever shall make [a copy] of these [representa- tions] according to this copy of what is in the Ament of the Tuat, [which] cannot be looked at or seen, and whosoever ‘shall know these secret images shall be in the condition of the spirit who is equipped [for journeying],-and shall come forth [from] and shall descend into the Tuat, and shall hold converse with the men and women who live [there] regularly and unfailingly, millions of times.

THE TWELFTH HOUR.

From THE Leypen Papyrus, T. 71. S11 MRSS Od =P" SARE AS 1M KSI 8liesol ks

Tes PMA Som hho SINS RSEEBALS SAMIDE a cred NOP Slate? BSD

SA hoL= RAS a] SMESREPRO WAH OSA ee ANT Heal rees! 2S ofl

OSM esol te PRIS

VeSahdtiFapind SinceHSIS 12M Se as: “3 = IMS. Wee Ne!> as NG NSO SENG Si hood sise ONS KeSIS—1 FHS Te S054 wal

THE BOOK OF GATES

THE BOOK OF GATES

CHAPTER I. THE ALABASTER SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

THE text of the “Book of Gates,” printed in the following pages, is taken from the alabaster sarcophagus of king Seti I, B.c. 1370, which is preserved in the Museum of Sir John Soane, at 13, Lincoln’s Inn Fields This sarcophagus is, undoubtedly, one of the chiel authorities for the text of that remarkable book; but before any attempt is made to describe the arrangement of the scenes and the inscriptions which accompany them, it will be well to recall the principal facts connected with its discovery by Giovanni Battista Belzoni, who has fortunately placed them on record in his Narrative of the Operations and recent discoveries within the pyramids, temples, tombs and Eacavations in Egypt and Nubia, London, 1820, p. 233 ff. In October, 1815, Belzoni began to excavate in the Biban- al-Multtk, ie., the Valley of the Tombs of the Kings, on the western bank of the Nile at Thebes, and in the

44 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI f.

bed of a watercourse he found a spot where the ground bore traces of having been “moved.” On the 19th of the month his workmen made a way through the sand and fragments of stone which had been piled up there, and entered the first corridor or passage of a magnificent tomb, which he soon discovered to have been made for one of the great kings of Egypt. A second corridor led him to a square chamber which, being thirty fect deep, formed a serious obstacle in the way of any unauthorized intruder, and served to catch any rain-water which might make its way down the corridors from the entrance. Beyond this chamber are two halls, and from the first of these Belzoni passed through other corridors and rooms until he entered the vaulted chamber in which stood the sarcophagus.! The sarcophagus chamber is situated at a distance of 320 feet from the entrance to the first corridor, and is 180 feet below the level of the ground. Belzoni succeeded in bringing the sarcophagus from its chamber into the light of day without injury, and in due course it arrived in England; the negotiations which he opened with the Trustees of the British Museum, to whom its purchase was first proposed, fell through, and he subsequently sold it to Sir John Soane, it is said for the sum of £2000. An examina- tion of the sarcophagus shows that both it and its cover were hollowed out of monolithic blocks of alabaster,

1 As Belzoni’s narrative is of interest, his account of his discovery of Seti’s tomb is given in the Appendix to this Chapter.

DISCOVERY OF AND DESCRIPTION 45

and it is probable, as Mr. Sharpe says,! that these were quarried in the mountains near Alabastronpolis, ie., the district which was known to the Egyptians by

the name of Het-nub, (| paar and is situated

near the ruins known in modern times by the name of Tell al–Amarna. In the Het-nub quarries large numbers of inscriptions, written chiefly in the hieratic character, have been found, and from the interesting selection from these published by Messrs. “Blackden and Fraser, we learn that several kings of the Ancient and Middle Empires carried on works in them, no doubt for the purpose of obtaining alabaster for funeral purposes. The sarcophagus is 9 ft. 4in. long, 3 ft. 8 in. wide, in the widest part, and 2ft. 8in. high at the shoulders, and 2ft. 3in. at the feet; the cover is 1ft. 3in. high. The thickness of the alabaster varies from 23 to 4 inches. The skill of the mason who succeeded in hollowing the blocks without breaking, or even cracking them, is marvellous, and the remains of holes nearly one inch in diameter suggest that the drill was as useful to him as the chisel and mallet in hollowing out the blocks. When the sarcophagus and its cover were finally shaped and polished, they were handed over to an artisan who was skilled in cutting hieroglyphics and figures of the gods, &c., in stone, and both the insides and outsides were covered by him

1 The Alabaster Sivedop hagas of pinenaesnat: I., King of Egypt. London, 1864, p. 14.

46 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

with inscriptions and vignettes and mythological scenes which illustrated them. Both inscriptions and scenes were then filled in with a kind of paint made from some preparation of copper, and the vivid bluish green colour of this paint must have formed a striking contrast to the brilliant whiteness of the alabaster when fresh from the quarry. At the present time large numbers of characters and figures are ‘denuded of their colour, and those in which it still remains are much discoloured by London fog and soot.

The first to attempt to describe the contents of the texts and scenes on the sarcophagus of Seti I. was the late Samuel Sharpe, who, with the late Joseph Bonomi, published “The Alabaster Sarcophagus of Oimen- epthah I.,*King of Egypt,” London, 1864, 4to; the former was responsible for the letterpress, and - the latter for the plates of scenes and texts. For some reason which it is not easy to understand, Mr. Sharpe decided that the hieroglyphic characters which formed. the prenomen of the king for whom the sarcophagus was made were to be read “Oimenepthah,” a result which he obtained by assigning the phonetic value of O to

the hieroglyphic sign for Osiris (f. The prenomen is

sometimes written ( ORG e , or (Oh ¢ \),

and eG i th 44 ae | and is to be read either Sztt- MER-EN-PTAH, or SETI-MEN-EN-PTAH. Mr. Sharpe did not, apparently, realize that both the signs rC and f

GENERAL DESCRIPTION 47

were to be read “Set,” and he gave to the first the phonetic value of A and to the second the value of O; he next identified “ Aimenepthah” or “ Oimenepthah ” with the Amenophath of Manetho, and the Cho- maepthah of Eratosthenes, saying, “hence arises the support to our reading his name (ie, the king’s) Oimenepthah.” Passing over Mr. Sharpe’s further remarks, which assert that the sarcophagus was made in the year B.c. 1175(!), we must consider briefly the arrangement of the texts and scenes upon the insides and outsides of the sarcophagus and its covers. On the upper outside edge of the sarcophagus runs a single line of hieroglyphics which contains speeches supposed to be made to the deceased by the four children of Horus; this line is in two sections, each of which begins at the right hand side of the head, and ends at the left hand side of the foot. Below this line of hieroglyphics are five large scenes, each of which is divided into three registers, and these are enclosed between two dotted bands which are intended to represent the borders of the “Valley of the Other World.” On the inside of the sarcophagus are also five scenes, but there is no line of hieroglyphics running along the upper edge. On the bottom of the sarco- phagus is a finely cut figure of the goddess Nut, and round and about her are texts selected from the Theban Recension of the Book of the Dead; on the inside of the cover is a figure of the goddess Nut, with arms outstretched. On the outside of the

48 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

cover, in addition to the texts which record the names and titles of the deceased, are inscribed two large scenes, each of which is divided into three registers, like those inside and outside the sarcophagus.

The line of text on the upper outside edge reads :—

1 EB Nees dls =) ()S Ere Ye

Ny Js eroaty Rain STATS oe aaa cee VW WIS ld eve lls: Gia) oar = Nid See, So TS INESY Fe At ALDQEIM=CIE)S SSG AIST T7928 -% JeIN Je) Soe aI WY MZ7S 1 evel UlFe WS

AW

“eo So PLT k oo GI Nisad NY HlSsJAsS bode ylitd@tat— == Fe a a

m Nilesh siiesde Sl S Leves\US 2 bed@ Sch pS S223 Gandy TAS OURS RES aie HL LICHEN Crews el nny oe dnl

• Toe ee y SS eve) ee = = iG Y TS Tots dhe TAS ede) Wns EL de SheMet lenses

VOL. IL

THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

yee AL STi NSIS S savealineaminr hte 86 Sh wom a OMEN SS (MUNA Razer IJ Roar eH Sleds. ive

I. Speech of Mestué: “Iam Mestha, I am [thy] son, “O Osiris, king, lord of the two lands, Men-Maat-Ra, “whose word is madt, son of the Sun, Scti Mer-en-Ptah, “whose word is maat, and I have come so that I “may be among those who protect thee. I make to “flourish thy house, which shall be doubly established, “by the command of Ptah, by the command of Ra “himself.”

Speech of Anpu: “I am Anpu, who dwelleth in (or, “with) the funeral chest.” He-saith, “Mother Isis “descendeth…….. bandages for me, Osiris, king “ Men-Maat-Ra, whose word is madt, son of the Sun, “Seti Mer-en-Ptah, whose word is madt, from him “that worketh against me.”

Speech of Tuamater: “I am Tuamatef, I am thy ’ “son Horus, I love thee, and I have come to avenge “thee, Osiris, upon him that would work .his wicked-

SPEECHES OF THE CHILDREN OF HORUS 51

“ness upon thee, and I will set him under thy feet “for ever, Osiris, king, lord of the two lands, Men- “Maat-Ra, son of the Sun, [proceeding] from -his “body, loving him, lord of’ crowns (or, risings) Seti “ Mer-en-Ptah, whose word is madé, before the Great “ God.”

To be said: “Ra liveth, the Tortoise dieth! Strong “are the members of ….. Osiris, king Men-Maat- “Ra, whose word is madt, for Qebhsennuf guardeth “them. Ra liveth, the Tortoise dieth! In a sound “state is he who is in the sarcophagus, in a sound state “is he who is in the sarcophagus, that is to say, the “son of the Sun, Seti Mer-en-Ptah, whose word is “madt.”

Speech of Nut: Nut, the great one of Seb, saith: “O Osiris, king, lord of the two lands, Men-Maat-Ra, “whose word is maat, who loveth me, I give unto “thee purity on the earth, and splendour (or, glory) “in the heavens, and I give unto thee thy head for “ever.”

II. Speech of Nut, who is over the Hennu Boar: “This.is my son, Osiris, king, Men-Maat-Ra, whose “word is maat. His father Shu loveth him, and his “mother Nut loveth him, Osiris, son of Ra, Seti ga: “en-Ptah, whose word is madat.”

Speech of Harr: “Iam Hapi. I have come that I “might be among those who protect thee, I bind “together for thee thy head, [and thy members, smiting “down for thee thine enemies beneath thee, and I give

52 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

“ thee]! thy head, O Osiris, king, Men-Maat-Ra, whose “word is madt, son of Ra, Seti Mer-en-Ptah, whose “word is madt.”

Speech of Anpu, the Governor of the divine house: “Tam Anpu, the Governor of the divine house. O “Osiris, king, lord of the two lands, Men-Madat-Ra, “whose word is mada, son of the Sun, [proceeding] “from his body, the lord of crowns, Seti Mer-en-Ptah, “whose word is madt, the, Shennu beings go round “about thee, and thy members remain uninjured, O “Osiris, king, Men-Maat-Ra, whose word is madé for “ever.”

Speech of QEBIISENNUF: “I am thy son, I have “come that I might be among those who protect “thee. I gather together for thee thy bones, and “TI piece together for thee thy limbs. I bring unto “thee thy heart, and I set it upon its seat in thy “body. I make to flourish (or, germinate) for thee thy “house after thee, [O thou who] liv[est] for ever.”

To be said: “Ra liveth, the Tortoise dieth! Let “enter the bones of Osiris, king Men-Maat-Ra, whose “word is madt, the son of the Sun, Seti Mer-en-Ptah, “ whose word is madé, let them enter into their founda- “tions. Pure is the dead body which is in the earth,

1 : a cue i} se Supplying the words a pee ltl fq = <> from the well-known speech on the =a —— a_i

Canopic jars.

THE FIGURE OF NUT 53

“and pure are the bones of Osiris, king Men-Maat-Ra, “whose word is madt, like Ra [for ever !].” On the bottom of the sarcophagus is a large, full- length figure of the goddess Nut, who is depicted in the form of a woman with her arms ready to embrace the body of the king. Her face and the lower parts of the body below the waist are in profile, but she has a front chest, front shoulders, and a front eye. Her feet are represented as if each was a right foot, and each only shows the great toe. One breast is only shown. The hair of the goddess is long and falls over her back and shoulders; it is held in position over her forehead by a bandlet. She wears a deep collar or necklace, and a closely-fitting feather-work tunic which extends from her breast to her ankles; the latter is supported by two shoulder straps, each of which is fastened with a buckle on the shoulder. She has anklets on her legs, and bracelets on her wrists, and armlets on her arms. The inscriptions which are cut above the head, and at both sides, and under the feet of the goddess contain addresses to the king by the great gods of the sky, and extracts from the Book of the Dead; they read :—

54 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

INSCRIPTION ON THE BOTTOM OF THE SARCOPHAGUS OF Serr I.

Dinette Rel WS hs CHEESE? ABS. 7

ae ae ee

LI <> © u.*

ie je ee AMNeXeClvs er

SAG:

me indy SJ Sc. Comtble 1s

ele oni ili rene reCOmWopoee= eS

omnes ics

v 1d eG

ste a}

PILSLLIZCIINSS

SPEECHES OF SEB, NUT, ETC. 55

INSCRIPTION ON THE BOTTOM OF THE SARCOPHAGUS OF Seti I.

I. The words of Osiris the king, the lord of the two lands, MEN-MAat-Ra, whose word is mait, the son of Ra (ie, the Sun), Set! Mer-EN-PTau, whose word is madt, who saith, “O thou goddess Nut, support thou “me, for I am thy son. Destroy thou my defects of “immobility, together with those who produce them.”

II. The goddess Nut, who dwelleth in Het-HENNu, saith; “This {is my] son Osiris, the king, the lord “of the two lands, Men-Maat-Ri, whose word is “madt, the son of Ra, [proceeding] from his body, “who loveth him, the lord of crowns, Osiris, SETI “ MER-EN-P TAI.”

III. The god Sep saith, “This [is my] son MEN- “Maat-Ra, who loveth me. I have given unto him “purity upon earth, and glory in heaven, him the “ Osiris, king, the lord of the two lands, MEN-MAaAt-Ra, “whose ‘word is madt, the son of Ra, the lover of Nut, “that is to say, SetTr MEr-en-Ptat, whose word is “madt, before the lords of the Tuat.”

IV. Words which are to be said:—“O Osiris, king, “lord of the two lands, MEN-Maat-RA, whose word is “madt, the son of Ra, [proceeding] from his body, that “is to say, Set? MER-EN-PTAH, whose word is madt. “Thy mother Nut putteth forth [her] two hands and “arms over thee, Osiris, king, lord of the two lands, “ MeEn-MAAtT-Ri, whose word is madt, son of Ra,

56 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

<= 4. = am a

irre ave It SarTrin=S So IT Harvest SUSSi7 ota = Ss Gigus — 22 ee SLURS S SIZ ATITY 2 DHHAS Som

v DYES Beh ee Ta PLT De as “i-MaN 2 dR aad s. S(Y=) = | CSAS IMSS LIS ad RTT eh SANS H dod |

SPEECH OF NUT 57

“whom he loveth, lord of diadems, SzetT1 MER-EN- “Pran, whose word is madt. Thy mother Nut “hath added the magical powers which are thine, “and thou art in her arms, and thou shalt never “die. Lifted up and driven away are the, calamities “which were to thee, and they shall never [more] “come to thee, and shall never draw nigh unto “thee, Osiris, king, the lord of the two lands, MEN- “ MAAtT-RA, whose word is madt. Horus hath taken “up his stand behind thee, Osiris, son of Ra, lord “of diadems, SETI Menr-en-PTan, whose word is “maat, for thy mother Nut hath come unto thee; “she hath purified (or, washed) thee, she hath united “herself to thee, she hath supplied thee as a “god, and thou art alive and stablished among the “ gods.”

V. The great goddess Nut saith, “I have endowed “him with a soul, I have endowed him with a spirit, “and I have given him power in the body of his “mother Ternut, I who was never brought forth. I “have come, and I have united myself to Osiris, “the king, the lord of the two lands, MEN-MaAt-Ra, “whose word is mad, the son of Ra, the lord ‘of “diadems, SeT1 Menr-EN-PTAU, whose word is madt, “with life, stability, and.power. He shall not “die. I am Nour of the mighty heart, and I took “up my being in the body of my mother TEFNUT “in my name of Nut; over my mother none hath

Fer YM De PTD SUNS lb ee des) Bobcamub ar Ped dLISRete)e la TS Slo So Gini Bee — TV er fof Me o. wid ere eS aaa to —1 rele

va ola bes CE\KHer Cima sTSnLpos HORE WY TAL.. vs (yo SUS = SG) OPN STAT or SRN (Us Srsellite fol tA ewe) ob [lee a Res ths

BOOK OF THE DEAD-—CHAPTER LXxII. 59

“gained the mastery. I have filled every place with my “beneficence, and I have led captive the whole earth; “T have led captive the South and the North, and I “have gathered together the things which are into my “arms to vivify Osiris, the king, the lord of the two “lands, MEN-MaAtT-RA, the son of the Sun, [proceeding] “from his body, the lover of SEKER, the lord of diadems, “the governor whose heart is glad, SETI MER-EN-PTa, “whose word is madt. His soul shall live for ever!”

VI. [(“Nut,”] saith Osiris, the king Men-Maat-Ra, whose word is madi, “Raise thou me up! IT am [thy] “son, set thou free him whose heart is at rest from “that which maketh [it to be still].”

VII. Osiris, the king, the lord of the two lands, MeEnN-MAaatT-Ria, whose word is madt, the son of the Sun, loving him, SETI MER-EN-PTAH, saith the

CHAPTER OF CoMING Fortil BY DAY AND OF MAKING A Way Turoucn AmMEnET.! |

Saith Osiris, the king, the lord of the two lands, MEn- *Maat-RA, whose word is madt, the son of the Sun, [pro- ceeding] from his body, loving him, the lord of crowns, SETI Mer-EN-Pratt, whose word is madt, “Homage to “you, O ye lords of madt, who are free from iniquity, “who exist and live for ever and to the double hentz “period of everlastingness, Men-MAAtT-Ra, whose word “is madt, the son of the Sun, [pfoceeding] from his body, “loving him, the lord gf diadems, SeT1 MER-EN-Prau,

1 This is Chapter LXXII. of the Book of the Dead.

SESEMOMCEh USSU RESON God Sh OTL ISG es be ai oa eo a q Dees Dee Ieandey Sale VOSPLIR DRS Sa

er

SET Se Bl omen OD AD | aie Hide] DORA S SE S (SME Soh J SSSA Dd Nees She: SPThlos Y XRT IYS) TIN eaeeees ik toot OS INTE a PYM aaah ent im NS THR S)237 7285). LS

BOOK OF THE DEAD-—-CHAPTER LXXII. 61

“whose word is madt, before you hath become a “khw (ie., @ spirit)-in his attributes, he hath gained “the mastery through his words of power, and he “is laden with his splendowrs. O deliver ye the “Qsiris, the king, the lord of the two lands, Mrn- “ MAAT-RA, whose word is madé, the son of the sun, “the lord of diadems, SetTr Menr-en-PTag, whose “word is madé, from the Crocodile of this Pool of “Maiti. He hath his mouth, let him speak there- “with. Let there be granted unto him broad-handed- “ness in your presence, because I know you, and I “know your names. I know this great god unto “whose nostrils ye present offerings of tchefau. “REKEM is his name. He maketh a way through “the eastern horizon of heaven. ReEkEM departeth -“and I also depart; he is strong and I am strong. “O let me not be destroyed in the Mresqet Chamber. “Let not the Sebau fiends gain the mastery over “me. Drive not ye me away from your Gates, “and shut not fast your arms against the Osiris, “the king, -the lord of the two lands, MEN-Maat- “Ra, whose word is madt, the son of the Sun, [pro- “ceeding] from his body, loving him, the lord of. “diadems, SETI MER-EN-Pran, whose word is madt, “because [my] bread is in the city of Px and my “ale is in the city of Ter, and my arms are united

1 Po and Tep formed a double city in the Delta.

62 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

voolP TMZ MOTH

Ao ae Uae mw tee TH” NTS Wwe ares

Neo ee= INDLS Sa TSE DM (eon keles = be(eF TUK ee ee Bi .AoCim eA Sal = ap fo se) med aa IN 26 rotate

mm} 1S t= FCMIS EGAN GN 2 MY LISees)|=

Fo} BSP SH 1°= CMe 2=19s

or Ia Ser | ie <a o poo

BOOK OF THE DEAD—CHAPTER LXXII. 63

“in the divine house which my father hath given unto “me. He hath stablished for me a house in the high “place of the lands, and there are wheat and barley. “therein, the quantity of which is unknown. The son “of my body actcth for me there as kher-heb! Grant “ye unto me sepulchral offerings, that is to say, “incense, and merheé unguent, and all beautiful and “pure things of every kind whereon the God liveth. “Osiris, the king, Men-Maar-Ra, whose word is madt, “the son of the Sun, [proceeding] from his body, loving “him, the lord of diadems, the ruler of joy of heart, “ SETI MER-EN-Prall, whose word is madé, existeth for “ever in all the transformations which it pleaseth “(him to make]. He floateth down the river, he saileth “up into Sexuet-Aaru, he reachcth SeKuet-Fnrers “TI am the double Lion-god.” *

VIII. Saith Osiris, the king, the lord of the two lands, Men-Maat-RA, whose word is madt, son of the Sun, loving him, SETI Mer-EN-Ptau, whose word is madat :—“O ward off that destroyer from my father “ Osiris, the king, the lord of the two lands, MEN-Maat- “RA, whose word is madt, and let his divine protection “be under my legs, and let them live. Strengthen “thou Osiris, son of the Sun, lord of diadems, SreT1 MEr- “EN-PTaH, whose word is madt, with thy hand. Grasp “thou him with thy hand, let him enter thy hand, let

1 The kher-heb was the priestly official who read the funeral service. 2 L.e., the Field of Reeds. 3 T.e., the Field of Peace. 4 T.e., Shu and Tefnut.

64 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

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BOOK OF THE DEAD—CHAPTER LXXXIX. 65

“him enter thy hand, O Osiris, king, lord of the two “lands, Men-Maat-Ra, whose word is madt, thou shalt “not perish. Nut cometh unto thee, and she fashioneth “thee as the Great Fashioner, and thou shalt never “decay; she fashioneth thee, she turneth thy weak- “ness into strength, she gathereth together thy “members, she bringeth thy heart into thy body, and “she hath placed thee at the head of the living doubles “(kau), O Osiris, king, lord of the two lands, MEN- “ Maat-Ra, whose word is madt, before the beautiful “god, the lord of Ta-TCHESERT.”

IX. Saith Osiris, the king, the lord of the two lands, MEN-Maat-Ra, whose word is maat, the son of the Sun, [proceeding] from his body, loving him, the lord of diadems, Ser! Mrnr-EN-PTAH, whose word is madé, [THe CHAPTER OF CAUSING THE SOUL TO BE UNITED TO ITS BoDY IN THE UNDERWORLD]?

“Hail, ye gods who bring (Anniv)! . [Hail] ye gods © “who run (Pentru)! [Hail] thou who dwellest in “his embrace, thou great god, grant thou that may “come unto me my soul from wheresoever it may be. “Tf it would delay, then let my soul be brought unto “me from wheresoever it may be, for thou shalt find “the Eye of Horus standing by thee lke those “watchful gods. If it lie down, let it lie down in “Annu (Heliopolis), the land where [souls are joined “to their bodies] in thousands. Let-my soul be brought

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BOOK OF THE DEAD—CHAPTER LXXXIX. 67

“unto me from wheresoever it may be. Make thou “strong, O guardian of sky and earth, this my soul. “Tf it would tarry, do thou cause the soul to see its “body, and thou shalt find the Eye of Horus standing “by thee even as do those [gods who watch].”

“ Hail, ye gods who tow along the boat of the lord of “ millions of years, who bring [it] into the upper regions “of the Tuat, who make it to pass over Nut, and who “make the soul to enter into its shu (i.e., spiritual body), “let your hands be full of weapons, and grasp them “and make them sharp, and hold chains in readiness to “destroy the serpent enemy. Let the Boat rejoice, and “let the great god pass on in peace, and behold, grant “ye that the soul of Osiris, king MEN-Maat-RA, whose “word is madt, may emerge from the thighs [of Nut] in “the eastern horizon of heaven, for ever and for ever.”

X. Osiris, the king, the lord of the two lands, MEN- Maat-Ra SEvTep-[EN]-RA, whose word is madé, the son of Ra, loving Prau-Sekrt, the lord of diadems, Ser1 MER-EN-PtaH, whose word is mudt, saith:—“O ye “shennu beings, go ye round behind me, and let not “these my members be without strength.”

XI. Osiris; the king, the lord of the two lands, MEN- Maat-RA Aa-RA, whose word is madt, the son of the sun, [proceeding] from his body, loving him, lord of diadems, SeT1 MEr-EN-Ptau, saith :—* O Nut, lift thou “meup. Iam thyson. Do away from me that which “maketh me to be without motion.” [Nut saith] :— “O Osiris, the king, the lord of the two lands, MEn-

68 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

(QyQSS5 SS Emus)

• Gru =).

PRAYERS OF SETI I. 69

“Maat-Ra AaA-Ra, whose word is mact, the son of “the sun, [proceeding] from his body, loving hin, “the lord of diadems, Setr Mer-en-Pran, whose “word is madt, I have given thee thy head to be “on thy body, and all the members of him that is “Setl Mer-en-Pran, whose word is madt, shall never “lack strength.”

On the outside of the cover, beneath the two scenes and texts which occupied the upper part of it, was a horizontal line of hieroglyphics which contained two short speeches, the one by the goddess Nut, and the other by Thoth. The speech of Nut is a duplicate _of the opening lines of that found on the bottom. of the sarcophagus (see above §$ v., p. 55); the speech of Thoth is much mutilated, and can have contained little except the promise to be with the king, and a repetition of the royal name and titles. On the inside of the cover were texts, many por- tions of which are identical, as we see from the fragments which remain, with the Chapters from the Book of the Dead which are found on the bottom of the sarcophagus, and which have been transcribed above. At each side of the figure of the winged goddess which was cut on the breast was a figure of the god Thoth, who is seen holding a staff surmounted by the symbol of “night,” mH, When the cover was com- plete there were probably four such figures upon it, and the texts which accompanied them were, no doubt,

70 ‘THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

identical with those found in Chapter CLXI. of the Book of the Dead.

The scenes and inscriptions which cover the inside and outside of the sarcophagus are described and transcribed in the following chapters.

( 71 )

APPENDIX TO CHAPTER I.

BELZONIT’S ACCOUNT OF HIS DISCOVERY OF THE TOMB OF SETT I.

“ON the 16th (of October) I recommenced my excava- “tions in the Valley of Beban el Malook, and pointed “out the fortunate spot, which has paid.me for all the “trouble I took in my researches. I may call this a “fortunate day, one of the best perhaps of my life; “T do not mean to say, that fortune has made me rich, “for I do not consider all rich men fortunate; but she “has given me that satisfaction, that extreme pleasure, “which wealth cannot purchase; the pleasure of “discovering what has-been long sought in vain, and “of presenting the world with a new and perfect “monument of Egyptian antiquity, which can be “recorded as superior to any other in point of “grandeur, style, and preservation, appearing as if just “finished on the day we entered it; and what I found “in it will show its great superiority to all others. “Not fifteen yards from the last tomb I described, I “caused the earth to be opened at the foot of a steep “hill, and under a torrent, which, when it rains, pours “a great quantity of water over the very spot I have

72 . THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

“caused to be dug. No one could imagine, that the “ancient Egyptians would make the entrance into “such an immense and superb excavation just under a “torrent of water; but I had strong reasons to suppose, “that there was a tomb in that place, from indications “T had observed in my pursuit. The Fellahs who “were accustomed to dig were all of opinion, that “there was nothing in that spot, as the situation of “this tomb differed from that of any other. I con- “tinued the work, however, and the next day, the “17th, in the evening we perceived the part of the “rock that was cut, and formed the entrance. On the “18th, early in the morning, the task was resumed, “and about noon the workmen reached the entrance, “which was eighteen feet below the surface of the “ground. The appearance indicated, that the tomb _ “was of the first rate; but still I did not expect to . “find such a one as it really proved to be. The Fellahs “advanced till they saw that it was probably a- large “tomb, when they protested they could go no further, “the tomb was so much choked up with large stones, “which they could not get out of the passage. I “descended, examined the place, pointed out to them “where they might dig, and in an hour there was “room enough for me to enter through a passage that “the earth had left under the ceiling of the first “corridor, which is 36 ft. 2in. long, and 8 ft. 8in. wide, “and, when cleared of the ruins, 6ft. 9in. high. “T perceived immediately by the painting on the

BELZONI’S NARRATIVE OF ITS DISCOVERY 73

“ceiling, and by the hieroglyphics in basso relievo, “which were to be seen where the earth did not reach, “that this was the entrance into a large and magniti- “cent tomb. At the end of this corridor I came to a “staircase 23 ft. long, and of the same breadth as the “corridor. The door at the bottom is 12ft. high. “From the foot of the staircase I entered another “corridor, 37 ft. 3in. long, and of the same width and “height as the other, each side sculptured with “hieroglyphics in busso relievo, and painted. The “ceiling also is finely painted, and in pretty good “preservation. The more I saw, the more I was eager “to see, such being thé nature of man; but I was “checked in my anxiety at this time, for at the end of “this passage I reached a large pit, which intercepted “my progress. This pit is 30ft. deep, and 14ft. by “12ft. 3in. wide. The upper part of the pit is “adorned with figures, from the wall of the passage “up to the ceiling. The passages from the entrance “all the way to this pit have an inclination downward “of an angle of eighteen degrees. On the opposite side “of the pit facing the entrance I perceived a small “aperture 2ft. wide and 2ft. 6in. high, and at the “bottom of the wall a quantity of rubbish. A rope “fastened to a piece of wood, that was laid across the “passage against the projections which formed a kind “of door, appears to have been used by the ancients ‘for descending into the pit; and from the small “aperture on the opposite side hung another, which

74 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

“reached the bottom, no doubt for the purpose of “ascending. We could clearly perceive, that the water “which entered the passages from the torrents of rain “ran into this pit, and the wood and rope fastened to “it crumbled to dust on touching them. At the “bottom of the pit were several pieces of wood, placed “against the sidé of it, so as to assist the person who “was to ascend by the rope into the aperture. I saw “the impossibility of proceeding at the moment. Mr. “ Beechey, who that day came from Luxor, entered the “tomb, but was also disappointed.

“The next day, the 19th, by means of a long beam “we succeeded in sending a man up into the aperture, “and having contrived to make a bridge of two beams, “we crossed the pit. The little aperture we found to “be an opening forced through a wall, that had “entirely closed the entrance, which was as large as “the corridor. The Egyptians had closely shut it up, “plastered the wall over, and painted it like the rest “of the sides of the pit, so that but for the aperture, “it would have been impossible to suppose, that there “was apy further proceeding; and anyone would “conclude, that the tomb ended with the pit. The “rope in the inside of the wall did not fall to dust, but “remained pretty strong, the water not having reached “it at all; and the wood to which it was attached, was “in good preservation. It was owing to this method “of keeping the damp out of the inner parts of the “tomb, that they are so well preserved. I observed

BELZONI’S NARRATIVE OF ITS DISCOVERY 75

“some cavities at the bottom of the well, but found “nothing in them, nor any communication from the “bottom to any other place; therefore we could not “doubt their being made to receive the waters from “the rain, which happens occasionally in this moun- “tain. The valley is so much raised by the rubbish, “which the water carries down from fhe upper parts, “that the entrance into these tombs is become much “lower than the torrents; in consequence, the water “finds its way into the tombs, some: of which are “entirely choked up with earth.

“When we had passed through the little aperture “we found ourselves in a beautiful hall, 27 ft. 6in. by “25 ft. 10in., in which were four pillars 3 ft. square. “T shall not give any description of the painting, till I “have described the whole of the chambers. At the “end of this room, which I call the entrance-hall, and “opposite the aperture, is a large door, from which “three steps lead down into a chamber with two “pillars. This is 28ft. 2in. by 25ft.6in. The pillars “are 3ft. 10in. square. I gave it the name of the “drawing-room ; for: it is covered with figures, which, “though only outlined, are so fine and perfect, that “you would think they had been drawn only the day “before. Returning into the entrance-hall, we saw “on the left of the aperture a large staircase, which “descended into a corridor. It is 13 ft. 4in. long, “7 ft. 6in. wide, and has 18 steps. At the bottom we “entered a beautiful corridor, 36 ft. Gin. by 6 ft. 11in.

76 THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI I.

“ We perceived that the paintings hecame more perfect “as we advanced farther into the interior. They “retained their gloss, or a kind of varnish over the “colours, which had a beautiful effect. The figures are “painted on a white,ground. At the end of this “corridor we descended ten steps, which I call the “small stairs, into another, 17ft. 2in. by 10 ft. 5in. “From this we entered a small chamber, 20 ft. 4in. by “13 ft. 8in., to which I gave the name of the Room of “ Beauties; for it is adorned with the most beautiful “figures in basso relievo, like all the rest, and painted. “When standing in the centre of this chamber, the “traveller is surrounded by an assembly of Egyptian “gods and goddesses. Proceeding farther, we entered “a large hall, 27 ft. Din. by 26ft. 10in. In this hall “are two rows of square pillars, threé on each side of “the entrance, forming a line with the corridors. At “each side of this hall is a small chamber; that on the “right is 10ft. 5in. by 8ft. 8in, that on the left “10ft. 5in. by 8ft. 94in. This hall I termed the “Hall of Pillars; the little room on the right, Isis’ “Room, as in it a large cow is painted, of which I “shall give a description hereafter; that on the left,

• “the Room of Mysteries, from the mysterious figures “it exhibits. At the end of this hall we entered a “large saloon, with an arched roof or ceiling, which is “separated from the Hall of Pillars only by a step “so that the two may be reckoned one. The saloon “is 31 ft. 10in. by 27ft. On the right is a small

BELZONI’S NARRATIVE OF ITS DISCOVERY 77

“chamber without anything in it, roughly cut, as if “unfinished, and without painting; on the left we “entered a chamber with two square pillars, 25 ft. 8 in. “by 22ft. 10in. This I called the Sideboard Room, “as it has a projection of 3ft.*in form of a sideboard “all round, which was perhaps intended to contain the “articles necessary for the funeral ceremony. The “pillars are 3 ft. 4in. square, and the whole beautifully “painted as the rest. At the same end of the room, “and facing the Hall of Pillars, we entered by a large “door into another chamber with four pillars, one of “which is fallen down. This chamber is 43 ft. 4in. by “17 ft. 6in.; the pillars 3 ft. Tin. square. It is covered “with white plaster, where the rock did not cut “smoothly, but there is no painting on it. I named it “the Bull’s, or Apis’ Room, as we found the carcass “of a bull in it, embalmed with asphaltum; and also, “scattered in various places, an immense quantity of “small wooden figures of mummies 6 or 8 in. long, “and covered with asphaltum to preserve them. “There were some other figures of fine earth baked, “coloured blue, and strongly varnished. On each side “of the two little rooms were wooden statues standing “erect, 4ft, high, with a circular hollow inside, as if to . “contain a roll of papyrus, which I have no doubt “they did. We found likewise fragments of other “statues of wood and of composition.

“But the description of what we found in the centre “of the saloon, and which I have reserved till this place,

78 | ‘THE SARCOPHAGUS OF SETI.1.

“merits the most particular attention, not having its “equal in the world, and being such as we had no idea “could exist. It is a sarcophagus of the finest oricntal “alabaster, 9ft. 5in. long, and 3ft. 7in. wide. Its “thickness is only 2iif, and it is transparent, when a “light.is placed in the inside of it. It is minutely “sculptured within and without with several hundred “figures, which do not exceed 2in. in height, and “represent, as I suppose, the whole of the funeral “procession and ceremonies relating to the deceased, “united with several emblems, &c. I cannot give an “adequate idea of this beautiful and invaluable piece “of antiquity, and can only say, that nothing has been “brought into Europe from Egypt that can be com- “pared with it. The cover was not there; it had been “taken out, and broken into several pieces, which we “found in digging before the first entrance. The “ sarcophagus was over a staircase in the centre of the “saloon, which communicated with a subterraneous “ passage, leading downwards, 300 ft. in length. At the “end of this passage we found a great quantity of bats’ “dung, which choked it up, so that we could go no “farther without digging. It was nearly filled up too “by the falling in of the upper part. One hundred feet “from the entrance is a staircase in good preservation ; “but the rock below changes its substance, from a beau- “tiful solid calcareous stone, becoming a kind of black “rotten slate, which crumbles into dust only by touching. “This subterraneous passage procecds in a south-west

BENZONI’S NARRATIVE OF ITS DISCOVERY 79

“direction through the mountain. I measured the “ distance from the entrance, and also the rocks above, “and found that the passage reaches nearly halfway “through the mountain to the upper part of the valley. “T have reasons to suppose, that this passage was used “to come into the tomb by another entrance; but this “could not be after the death of the person who was “buried there, for at the bottom of the stairs just “under the sarcophagus a wall was built, which “entirely closed the communication between the tomb “and the subterraneous passage. Some large blocks-of “stone were placed under the sarcophagus horizontally, “level with the pavement of the saloon, that no one “might perceive any stairs or subterranean passage “was there. The doorway of the sideboard room had “been walled up, and forced open, as we found the “stones with which it was shut, and the mortar in the “jambs. The staircase of the entrance-hall had been “walled up also at the bottom, and the space filled “with rubbish, and the floor covered with large blocks “of stone, so as to deceive any one who should force “the fallen wall near the pit, and make him suppose, “that the tomb ended with the entrance-hall and the “drawing-room. JI am inclined to believe, that who- “ever forced all these passages must have had some “spies with them, who were well acquainted with the “tomb throughout. The tomb faces the north-east, “and the direction of the whole runs straight south- “ west.” ;

( 8 )

CHAPTER IL THE ANTE-CHAMBER OF THE TUAT.

In the First Division of the “Book of Gates of the Tuat,” according to the sarcophagus of Seti I, we see. the horizon of the west, or the mountain of the west,. . & 4, divided into two parts, & 4, and the boat of the sun is supposed to sail between them, and to enter by this passage into the Tuat. On the right hand is fixed a, jackal-headed standard, and on each side of it kneels

a bearded god; one god is called Tat, =i a, and is a personification of the region which is beyond the day, and the other Sev, ve and represents the

funeral mountain: On the left hand is a ram-headed standard, and on each side of it also kneels a bearded god; as before, one is called Tat and the other Set. The ram’s head has the horizontal, wavy horns, which belong to the particular species of ram that was the symbol of the god Khnemu; this animal disappeared from Egypt before the XIIth Dynasty, but the tradition of him remained. In the middle of the scene sails the boat of the sun. The god is symbolized by a beetle within a disk, which is enveloped in the folds of a

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82 THE ANTE-CHAMBER OF THE TUAT

serpent having its tail in its mouth. In the bows stands the god of divine intelligence, whose name is SA, 38, and in the stern, near the two paddles, stands

HEKA, Ly ie, the personification of the word of

‘power, or of magical utterance. The god who usually accompanies Sa is Hu. The text which refers to the Sun-god reads :—

OM eal olen tho As= SER —id ite Se Inte Sn SS Wi & Su Be TDre Serie. = (Es ~Tieo! Si sASTSea! Pawly Ia 2 ee he Sree tN yen Te

FN GI OPS Ah ri

“Ra saith unto the Mountain :—Send forth light,-O “Mountain! Let radiance arise from that which hath “devoured me, and which hath slain men and is filled: “with the slaughter of the gods. Breath to you, O “ye who dwell in the light in your habitations, my

Feet ctsrew laf

UAE

iq ele oa

aia: ke Se

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Se (BS ae

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vie un pas 8

which the Boat of the 8 In it are twelve Gods o!

ee ° ee Part of the horizon over

et.

85 8 of Bet-Ament

84 THE ANTE-CHAMBER OF THE TUAT

“splendours shall be to you. I have decreed their “slaughter, and they have slaughtered everything “which existeth. I have hidden you from those who “are upon the earth,.restoring the crown (or, tiara) to “those who are on the Mountain. The gods say :— “‘Let this jackal-headed sceptre (7) emit the words

“of this great god who joineth together his members. “Come then unto us, O thou from whom we have come “forth! Cries of joy are to thee, O thou who art in “thy disk, thou great god whose forms (or transforma- “tions) are manifold.” Their provisions [consist] of “ bread-cakes and beer.”

The paragraph below the above text is practically a duplicate of it, but it contains no mention of either the jackal-headed or the ram-headed sceptre, and it is unnecessary to give it here.

On the right of’ the boat stand twelve Si who are called “gods of the mountain,” 111 Kine Paar and the text referring to them reads :—

£>‘G OFS el ree

Xam © A Co Xn Re

IoS eS SSe MM Ile SiS ST onde. so Vl ee IPOS ATIF SSI We

THE TWENTY-FOUR GODS OF SET-AMENTET 85

“(These gods] have come into being from Ra, and “from his substance, and have emerged from his eye. “He hath decreed for them [as] a place (or, abode) the “Hidden Mountain (Ament Set), which consumeth men, “and gods, and all cattle, and all reptiles which are “created by this great god. This great god hath decreed “the plans (or, designs) thereof having made [them] to “spring up in the earth which he created.”

On the left of-the boat stand twelve gods, who are

called “gods of Set-Amentet,” ye | VS, l a

and the text referring to them reads :—

th ietaliiton ti > pe ke OS AUT do

oh SM RSUILES

Aww Fllla — 4a SS

D2 ) seem are oa feo, eae a

“The hidden place. [These are] those who have “consumed the men, and the gods, and all the cattle, “and all the reptiles which this great god hath created. “This great god hath decreed plans for them after “he made them to spring up in the land which he “created, that is to say, in the Amentet which he “ made.”

( 86 )

CHAPTER III. THE GATE OF SAA-SET, THE SECOND DIVISION OF THE TUAT.

THE boat of Ra, having passed between the two halves of the horizon of the West, now approaches a gateway, the door of which is closed before him; the door of the second division of the Tuat is different from the doors of the other divisions, for it consists of a single leaf which turns upon a pivot working in holes in the top and bottom of the framework of the door. This door is guarded by a serpent called Saa-

_—t _— | y : ; SET, ~ A nytt which stands upon its tail. The

text referring to this serpent reads :—. Po Saas aoe er eam VS Gre ace 2tne SAlsalen — SSOrT Stn. : pel oY 2 RETIRES HIS aD Oh

ec a (UK NG Nee ea

THE GATE OF SAA-SET

“He who is over (ie, has the “mastery over) this door openeth to “Ra. Sa saith unto Sat-SeEt, ‘Open “thy door to Ra, throw wide open thy “door to Kuutit. The hidden abode is “in darkness, su that the transforma- “tions of this god may take place.’ “This portal is closed after this god “hath entered in through it, and there “is lamentation on the part of those “who are in their mountain when “they hear this door shut.”

In the centre of the scene we sec the boat of Ra being towed along by four gods standing, each of whom grasps the tow-line with both hands. The god is now in the form of a ram- headed man, who holds the sceptre

{ in his right hand, and has the solar

disk alove his horns. He _ stands within a shrine which is enveloped in ‘the voluminous folds of the serpent

Mehen, ‘; a serpent also stands on AANA

his tail before him. In front of the shrine stands Sa, and behind it HEKAU. The gods who tow the boat are called

‘TUAIU, *& INI xi L.

) 96>) 9)

by

88 SECOND DIVISION OF THE TUAT

The sun’s boat is met in this section by a company of thirteen gods, who are under the direction of a god who holds:a staff in his hand. The names of the first

NWN seven gods are:—NEPEMEH, _9 »,! Nenité, = »° Ba, &, Heru, » Beyi-As, — 6, Kunemu, §, and

SETCHET, ene the third has the head of a ram, and the fourth that of a hawk. The last six gods

The Bont of the Sun towed by Gods of the Tuat,

”

are described as “ chee who are in the entrances,

|! cls XK Wares J ; the god who bears the staft

has noname. The text which refers to’ the Sun-god reads :—

Nee AWV TAS WHAso1

ANA ‘Var., NEPEN, Q Q. 4 Var, Nend, nn, nn of]

. 89

THE GATE OF SAA-SET

olf k

Ak a

FLA. TES AS- Aaa [tac Ni @ (1:13: Sf ae

‘Met E A

LAC HT SUae

Seven of the Gods of the HBtrAne ag tow the Boat of the Sun through jaa-Set.

ish Feat KDE

SIZE

• 2

HU

mqz| ee

wecia (E te

i FEC

Hlssg

Six of the Gods of the Entrances who tow the Boat of the San through San-Set, and a god who bears a staff,

mY esd tees SM HSA eo aad Qe dst Ri S= Se dih Jom NS! SH Aram Nye Ge oP TY Te MS oe evacprarasang tgp ion REL R—gL dime

=e i= <> = |S =— WAM Rn <> i ee a @ 1idivdl

Poe ae PS igang

~~. [Sawn fl EA LI)

4Aa iPr i lii-= iad ih A A SF ka a felis

OO lwo | | Ce SE lllom

NEO wm VIE

cee A ear ORT re fi i oy | 24 eae awn 0)

“This great god jowrneyeth along the roads of the

SPEECH OF RA TO THE GODS OF SAA-SET OI

“Tuat. This god is drawn by the gods of the Tuat “in order to make divisions (or, distinctions) in the “earth, and to work out [his] designs therein, to weigh “words and deeds in Ament, to magnify the great god “above the little god among the gods who are in the “Tuat, to place the Kuu (ie., the blessed dead) upon “their thrones, and the damned [in the place] to which “they have been condemned in the judgment, and to “destroy theif bodies by an evil death. Ra saith:—‘O “srant ye to me that I may restore the tiara, and that “T may have possession of [my] shrine which is in the “earth. Let Sa and Hexka unite themselves to me for “the working out of plans for you, and for making to “come into being their attributes (or, forms) ye [have] “what is yours. Isis hath made to be at peace the “wind, and offerings are there. None shutteth [the “door] against you, and the damned do not enter in “after you. That which belongeth to you is to you, O “gods. These gods say unto Ra, ‘There is darkuess “on the road of the Tuat, therefore let the doors “which are closed be unfolded, let the earth open, “so that the gods may draw along him that hath “created -them.’ Their food [ie the food of these “gods] is of the funeral offerings, and their drink “is from their cool waters, and their hands are “on meat offerings among the Akert regions of « Ament.”

On the right of the boat are twenty-four gods, the first twelve of whom are described as “those

g2 SECOND DIVISION OF THE TUAT ; » hes i who are at peace, the worshippers of Ra, 0 \ | ! a

• Ww KS | 2, and the second twelve as “the righteous

who are in the Tuat,” SVii OER Bike,

These beings are thus described by the accompanying text :—

&, mon ©) > Ey, Ll cea SMTP aoe bike Te « | ss TH at

wan Se |S eitiad ple dy SN en SS wr fa OTD

{Ser Tire ao ON Wit

Ym INAS ee aS Oe eo Ne Pies. Nees ey ee eer elt ES admis MRA NG [aah NO Cote f= =p i SS Trier XS SU Se

rome aE EU-

oo em pee i 1 i

a tm —ffteirs = |

TWENTY-FOUR RIGHTEOUS GODS OF SAA-SET 93

Sy,

as

PN

ua

hk

a Wiinee>

Tee etet a etree aretha ee:

li

Nine of the gods who adore Ra and are at peace.

UE otal

AK

—— ye Laas!

—— i) a a

a :

@ —

=

=~,

FE

1K Al

(Cao Fal tel Al peat ae & 2 AE HEH Ae Armd ed id= ee seine Ps) AIS)

Piped

“i vl

£

I ati

Sea:

Three of the gods who adore Ra and are at peace

Five of the righteous gods of the fuat,

94 SECOND DIVISION OF THE TUAT

| OR eae Yes

(Maley! a Dama ONES seme Gain

Bos Sw Tees QM HS WAalsame a

HI aol {|

ts | Coo + a O8<Sa om

“These [are they who] have worshipped (or, praised) “Ra upon earth, who uttered words of power against “ Apep, who made their offerings unto him, and who “burnt (literally, made) incense to their gods on their “own behalf, after their offerings. They have gained “possession of their cool waters, and they receive their “meat, and they eat of their offerings in the gateway “of him whose name is hidden. Their meat is by the “gateway, and their offerings are with him who is “therein. And Ra saith unto them :—‘ Your offerings “are yours, ye have power over your cool waters, your “souls shall never be hacked to pieces, your meat “shall never fail, [O ye who have] praised [me], and “have vanquished Apep for me.’”

The above passage refers to the “worshippers of Ra who are at peace.”

“[These are] they [who] spake truth upon earth,

SPEECHES OF RA AND THE GODS 95

“and who were not addicted to evil thought about the “gods. They make their invocations in this gateway, “they live upon maat (ie, truth), and their cool “waters are in their cisterns. Ra saith unto them :— “*Truth is yours, live ye on your food. Ye yourselves “are truth ;’ and they have power over these their cool “waters, which are waters of fire to those who have

Cnn “SRE SREB 1 psa = eral Tike

° . .

‘fl

ed alld if ely

Seven of the righteous gods of the Tuat.

“cuilt and sin. And these gods say to Ri:—‘Let “there he stability to the Disk of Ra. Let him that is “in the shrine have the mastery over it, and let the “serpent [Mehen] guard him well. May the flames of “ Khuti which are in the corners of the hidden shrine “grow stronger.’ And there shall be given to them “meat in the place of peace in their circle.”

96 SECOND DIVISION OF THE TUAT

The above passage refers to the “righteous who are in the Tuat.”

On the left side of the boat of Ra are: 1. The god Tem,

= y who is depicted in the form of an aged man,

leaning heavily on a stick which he grasps in his right hand. 2. Four male beings who are lying prostrate on their backs. 3. Twenty male beings, with their backs bowed, and their arms tied together at their elbows behind their backs. The four beings are de- scribed as “the inert,”

ced be

the twenty as “the apos- “tates of the Hall of Ra, “who have blasphemed “ Ra upon earth, who have “invoked evils upon him “that is in the Egg, who “have thrust aside the “right, and have spoken

The inert aa aaa Blasphemers

esa

“words against Knut,” <Q! i Ses e2° (ogi 2a WSIKSIE 1% e fice } iit > | iy => Ot

The text referring to the inert and the apostates reads :-—

THE GATE OF SAA-SET 97

Sod blew Sah

sim c eos aSIS

Sale| Sparel

Ss Oe

Pe on St RHEE ANS pm the Tei Spe? ‘ines laa eh TLY Dhea } =1§|= oe

— | PP fam awe es td Se ! Nw | 2 ev OCOO Te ee ps ta ere rt

cr prt a Se Merri Ss CMS SS ais b> pensar cities No ARS PH on Ses eliin Me TPP soe en =e em NSA S Are SS Qa) AS See Saye YS

“Tem worketh on behalf of Ra, glorifying the god, VOL. I. H

98 SECOND DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“and singing praises to his soul, and distriluting evil “things to his enemies. [He saith]:—‘The word of “my father Ra is right (madt) against you, and my “word is right against you. I am the son who pro- “ceedeth from his father, and I am the father who “proceedeth from his son. Ye are fettered, and ye “are tied with strong cord, and it is I who have sent “forth the decree concerning you that ye should be

be my wn OE A SS=90 eS >°* ~

The Apostates and Blasphemers of Ra, who are doomed to destruction, with their arms bound.

“bound in fetters; your arms shall never more be “opened. Ra pronounceth the formula against you, “his soul is prepared to attack you; my father hath “gained the mastery over you, and his soul uttereth “words against you. Your evil deeds [have turned] “against you, your plottings [have come] upon you, “your abominable acts [have recoiled] upon you, your “destinies are for evil, and your doom hath been

RA’S DECREE OF DOOM 99

“decreed before Ra; your unjust and perverted judg- “ments are upon yourselves, and the wickedness of “your words of cursing are upon you. Evil is the doom “which hath been decreed for you before my father. “Tt is you who have committed sins, and who have “wrought iniquity in the Great Hall; your corruptible

wy (Fe WSS See 2 142 (2 ie Ee RST TUES SO lal (5 SSE RS 1 =| em ewe Coch wiett 4 Mae ra =-5 IS NBS He ed ee

The Apostates and Blasphemers of Ra, who are doomed to destruction, with i their arms bound,

“bodies shall be cut in pieces, and your souls shall “have no existence, and ye shall never again see Ra “with his attributes [as] he journeyeth in the hidden “land. Hail, Ra! Adored be Ra! Thine enemies are

“in the place of destruction,’ ”

( 1I00 )

CHAPTER IV. THE GATE OF AQEBI. Tuk THIkD DIVISION OF THE TUAT.

Tue boat of the sun having passed through the Second Division of the Tuat arrives at the gateway which leads to the Trump Division. This gateway is unlike the first, which has already heen described, for its opening is protected by an outwork, similar to that which protects the door of a fortified building. The outwork is guarded by nine gods, in the form of mummies, who are described as the “second company

of the gods,” © all moe and in this wall, which com-

pletely sivides: the Second Division from the Third, is an opening, which leads to a corridor that runs between two walls, the tops of which are protected by

rows of pointed stakes, AAGAA ). At the entrance to the corridor stands a god, in mummied form, called AM-AUA, Kay iN i‘ and at the exit is a similar —_ J

— A Aw

god called SEKHABESNEFUNEN, ait > :

—> coe AW

each is said to “extend his arms and hands to Ra,”

har } Te. At each side of the angle, near

VS

= AMA WH

tt

{= a

peerage mr oe oe «". c

uN A

(oir! ae Pane Her

ee Esa bt wei Mae Teaeuill- Sle i<h qa!

Boesch edigd ate hited tt ae Meee 3 Hoi

103413

Ta EE

MASS.

ey a ee wr S” a fe ate e tt ee, e 2 se fee

• ae

ee*e@ s my J ois o cy The Gate of the Serpent Aqcbi.

a us Pace Bs Gi NEL N= alba oe Kh ss =v iE S NG EACH joie llssFzle ° ere LA ie AAli

102° THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT

the entrance to the corridor, is a serpent, who ejects flames from his mouth; the flame from the one sweeps along the corridor, at the end of which it is met by the flame from the other serpent which sweeps along the inside of the inner wall. The flames of these serpents are said to be for Ra, at oo The

gateway leading to the Third Division { is called SEPTET-

UAUAU, (| £14) (, F and the door thereof,

which opens inwards, is guarded by the serpent standing on his tail, who is called AQEbI, iN 7a Q ==, and

‘faces outwards. The texts referring to the entrance of

Ra through this gateway read :— .

= | | oe S72 ote dl tl 2 MK a | {

A mw

SSN 2Se= Ne 235 |Folay Sos

es Pn — ee OO

ie OS LS TI

ak a S ) 0 SRT s oar ae mo

Oa 2A bm ode! es ST TT NN

RA’S ADDRESS TO THE SERPENT AQEBI 103

“[When] this god cometh to this gateway, to enter “in through this gateway, the gods who are therein “acclain this great god, [saying], ‘Let this gateway be “unfolded to KHuTI, and let the doors be opened to “him that is in heaven. Come then, O thou traveller, “who dost journey in Amentet.’ He who is over this “door openeth [it] to Ra. Sa saith unto AQEBI, ‘Open - “thy gate to Ra, unfold thy door to Kuuti. He shall “illumine the darkness, and he shall force a way for “the light in the habitation which is hidden.’ This “door is closed after the great god hath entered “through it, and there is lamentation to those who are “in their gateway when they hear this door close “fupon them].”

Along the middle of the Tuirp Division we see the buat of the sun being drawn along by four gods, as before; the god Ra stands in a shrine, similar to that already described, and his companions are Sa and IJExav. The rope by which the boat is towed along is fastened to the two ends of a very remarkable object, in the form of a long beam, each end of which terminates in a bull’s cat The accompanying text

describes it as “his boat,” =F * Xo, and ne the fact

that the four gods who tow the boat are seen again at the other end of the beam-like object, with the towing- rope in their hands, it is clear that the boat of Ra, and the god himself, were believed to pass through it, from one end to the other. The object is supported on the

104 THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT

shoulders of eight gods, in mummied form, “who are

called “Bearers of the gods,” — Qd » as hii | :

at each end, immediately behind the bull’s head, stands a bull, and at intervals seven gods, who are called “the

3S TPMERAUNSE oy ie yids SoReal SSM mat eReran way

CSBP YW TVS SHeSt Re hede sane Ww Ue aS Sa AY GES Ty a Adee Der Si Se ary ree mri =

The Eight Bearers of the Boat of the Earth and its Seven Gods.

gods who are within,” hii | KY ‘SS f are seated

upon it. At the end of this Division stand four mummied forms, with their elbows projecting, and their hands crossed on their. breasts. The text

RA PASSES THROUGH THE EARTH-GOD 105

which refers to the passage of the boat of the sun reads :—

aries UY Ta Sed Tals wax SST RO ATS SN buh S Hd a Pitaieaphiwacks EN GSAS = [NY 4ables SoS oteeil moh we Seb IN ho TINA HY 9B od Shee TSA SS eo UWA EES eo Ne marie ell saa men IM ITN eK The

We ARES Teil_ bod

106 THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Baas Cm 2 fries Po dimou.

ronan 9 TT badd PP Motta a wet 1 0 lee ON C1 - NM Oe a ae rine TT | ee ae 11 MN xa. © oa te (ON IW oe

SS Ab A ie OO FR SE* TTS

2 |l|~a—Aa = a i <— III

ees 4 + — GD —*_ <—a 0 oon eG Cees malin co Xe, co

“This great god is towed along by the gods of the “Tuat, and this great god advanceth to the Boat of the “Earth, which is the bark of the gods. [ta saith unto “them :—‘ Hail, ye gods who bear up his Boat of “the Earth, and who lift up the Bark of the Tuat, “may there be support to your forms and light “unto your Bark. Holy is he who is in the Boat “of the Earth. I make to go back the Bark of “the Tuat which beareth my forms (or, attributes), “and verily I travel into the hidden habitation to “perform the plans which are carricd out therein.’ “ ENNURKHATA, ENNURKHATA [saith], ‘Praised be the “Soul which the Double Bull hath swallowed, and “let the god be at peace with that which he hath “ created.’ ”

The effect of the above words is to allow the Sun- god and his boat to pass through the double bull-

3

I:

‘id!

¥N#

bs

om

a

RA PASSES THROUGH THE EARTH-GOD 107

headed Boat of the Earth without any let or hindrance, and when he has done this,—

“These gods (ie., the four gods at the other end of “the Buat of the Earth) say to Ra:—‘ Praised be. Ria, “whose Soul hath been absorbed by the Earth-god! “Praised be the gods of Ra who hath rested [therein].’ “This Boat of its Tuat rejoiceth, and there are cries “from them after Ra hath passed them as he journeyeth “on his way. Their offerings are the plants of the year,

d

The Tuat-gods address the Utau.

“and their offerings are given to them when they hear “the words of those who draw along this great god. “The gods of the Tuat(?) who [draw] the holy Boat “in the earth say unto the UTAU, whose arms arc “hidden :— O ye Utau of the earth, whose duty it is to “stand(?) near his habitation, whose heads are uncovered, “and whose arms are hidden, may there be air to your “nostrils, O Utau, and may your funeral swathings “be burst open, and may you have the mastery over

108 THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT USE Se neat ete f

“your meats, and may “you have peace (or, “rest) in that which I “have created. Their

Ay

=_— 1

s ery

ug ae Wut : “food is of bread pa We “13 ANSAUt “eakes, and their

“bread ‘is made of “the red grain, the “draughts which they “drink are of [cool] “ water, and their nieat “is given unto them “ because of the white- “ness (or, brilliance) “of their apparel in “the Tuat.”

On the right hand side of this Division 4 of the Tuat the buat of the Sun passes twelve shrines, each of which has*its doors’ thrown wide open, and so permits us to see a god in mumiied form es x standing inside it ae Ais = 4 these gods are de- y scribed as “the holy gods who are in the

nen? Ke

ra

at Rae aa

—

2. BEUISE 23 GEL E lef AIEEE ae (1basJod ) oH Pepa ma

pr] TISelis Bi =) EES TSE =) CCHEDT 3) EHC Pec HELE

The-Twelve holy Gods who are in the Tuat,

THE GODS OF THE BOILING LAKE 10g

ror TALS WDE DIAS: som

the front of the heave shrines siclciceaa an enormous serpent, the duty of which is to protect those who stand in them. Beyond the shrines is a long basin oy lake of boiling water, with rounded ends, in which stand up to their waists twelve mummied gods, with black heads, who cither have white bodies, or are arrayed in white apparel; in front of each god grows a large ear of wheat. These gods are described

as “the gods in the boiling lake,” V1 +f » ox anne ; S\ J fh . The texts which relate to both groups

of heings are as follows :—

HS) ale Wee SA red See SY Aaa lead me POT BTiS Th | Sh rt 2 9 Fr es SAY PATON es et ee

2. Da Bre! em elxicd Aa

2 eS aa SG! reall

IIo THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT

• —— ZF OI fee, oa wn Nw OR Ran = DAA oe

Toe ited 229] es PE eB kos) aes NOI NO eh ang eee es eee mst HOT Pee PY TE ee a eT ame BS ELE SD a ee ests NT a pee ae

oy, 2, 8,0, Se — ron To Mi | ee | NM == awn | TN Xeme aww III CW esto QeQl il & iii

BALNLUSDATR

Itt fawn m— F!1 Fe ww lll eal sv it me om RO lk Sate wll ~ —_ en ee TS, —— aa

Ae ead i tes NOE | we hs Are eg!

RA ADDRESSES THE SHENNU GODS Ii!

AoW 4D PY dh gyal won | DS a CH oOo na ss {Those who are in] their shrines are the members “of the god whose shrines the serpent SETI guardeth. “Na saith unto them:—‘ Open ye [the doors of] your “shrines, so that my radiance may penetrate the “darkness in which ye are! I found you weeping and “lamenting, with your shrines tightly closed, but air “shall be given to your nostrils, and I have decreed “that ye shall have abundance to overflowing [in all “things}.’ And these gods say unto Ra:—’ Hail, Ra, “come thou into our lake, O thou great god who never “failest. The Shennu gods who are before and behind “him pay homage to him, and they rejoice in Ra when “he traverseth [their] region, and when the great god “journeyeth through the secret place. Their food “consisteth of loaves of bread, their drink is made “from the red [barley], and their cool waters come “ from [their cisterns of] water, and the serpent of fire, “SETI, giveth unto them the things whereon they live “there. The door which shutteth them in closeth “after this god hath passed through their midst, and “they utter cries of grief when they hear their doors “shut upon them.”

1 The text in brackets is supplied from Lefébure, Les Hypogées Royauo de Thébes (Tombean de Seti Ie, ive partie, pl. xiv.), Paris, 1886.

Ve H N

iE

CCA RR

RR

RAY

Suis f_ ide telbes 3

3a oe a

unep ee = e aE

Ne a

amet eae

t

Ny

OANA

al

SUNY x a

3

intd

Bei Sie are ine i uf de reat : adel Serie ot Ratt Rees

=

cal ‘aaa O11 ; - \ . \y n Wy \ " tle :

(ls pn

t ia]

oh = VAWNuAW

SN eerie Zh fis MEH: = is Std ce STU Us

(oUIc0H: Bas

The Gods of the Boiling Lake.

THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT

The following re- fers to the lake of water in this Division :—

“(Here is] the “lake of water “which is in the “Tuat, and it is “surrounded hy “the gods who are “arrayed in [their] “apparel, and who “have [their] heads “uncovered. This “lake is filled with “green herbs. The “water of this lake “is boiling hot, and “the birds betake “themselves to “flight when they “see the waters “thereof, and when “they smell the “foetid smell which “is in it. Unto “these gods saith “Ra:—‘O ye gods “whose duty it is

THE GODS OF THE BOILING LAKE Il3

“(to guard] the green herbs of your lake, whose heads “are uncovered, and whose limbs are covered with “garments, may there be air to your nostrils, and may “offerings be made to you of the green herbs, and may “your meat be from your lake. The water thereof “shall be yours, but to you it shall not be boiling, and “the heat thereof shall not be upon your bodies,’ “These [gods] say unto Ra:— Come thou unto us, 0 “thou who sailest in thy boat, whose eye is of blazing “fire which consumeth, and hath a pupil which sendeth “forth light! The beings of the Tuat shout with joy “when thou approachest; send forth thy light upon us, “Q thou great god who hast fire in thine eye.” Their “food consisteth of loaves of bread and green herbs, and “their drink (or, beer) is of the kemteé plants, and their “cool water is from [their cisterns of] water. And food “shall be given unto them in abundance from this lake.”

On the left of the path along which the boat of Ra passes in this Division of the Tuat are two groups of beings. In the first of these we see the god TEy,

Lod : : , in the form of an aged man, with bent shoulders,

leaning upon a staff; coiled up before him in voluminous folds, with its head flat upon the ground, is the monster serpent APEP, age Behind Apep stand nine men, with their arms hanging by their sides; these are

• —t— called the “TcHATCHA who repulse APEPI,” \ { fe)

oe a Tr

.wO00 QQ shh. In the second group is TEM, VOL. Il. I

II4 THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT .

hee fol i$ at

reli

lefchivAas & le

a Ara ASSN OPI) BEARS L aga ote et eet f Jef lasik 3 AF $ife Spi Joo eectf | eel oe pA aA LE Al 2 5 We =| ee Si Deel‘ PGE SEA Papo (S2ze

ent ip:

The Tchatcha who repulse Apep.

berks

eer SJ Ria o% =— le Te

in a similar atti-

coe tude, and before

him stand nine

PATS gods, each hold- 2) ing the symbol

of life in the

ae right hand, and

the sceptre { in the left; the nine gods are called

Ti) “Nebu khert,” 3%:] Le, “Lords of

destinies,” > |

The texts

| which refer to

these groups

me sotaael Seieep ‘o}

al &

Ee = fate

jae

She aS IMFSZeS So Po IE weal ed Tae rt eee Ea Wr we FS" oO BLU AO fms 2-223 a ae i THI =H oT MO TESS idhas thd Pee er wee a ery einaieaeteee SIS STARS nO NO tinal OP | arr tS wee wy i fo ome Dy Oi oo USS Pe NO be dak NOT A SH S*idSsc tie

116 THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT

SSI ew loseeds

oh ALY pa SO MINE mee q ent AS

94S 2S Sa

DPS o MAIS d= oper S (oN le

=a eis cs Sole ifn.

The first group shows us what “TEM hath done for “Ra, and how he hath protected the god by words of “magical power, and hath overthrown the serpent “Sepa, (TEMU saith :—] ‘Thou art prostrate, and thou “shalt never more rise up; thou art enchanted by {my “enchantments], and thou shalt never more be found. “The word of my father is madt against thee, and my “word is madt against thee; I have destroyed thee for “ RA, and I have made an end of thee for Knut.’

“The company of the gods of Ra who repulse ApEr “say :—‘ Thy head is slit, O Apep, thy folds are gashed, “thou shalt never more envelop the boat of Ra, and “thou shalt never again make a way into the divine “bark. A flame of fire goeth out against thee from “the hidden place, and we have condemned thee to thy

THE LORDS OF DESTINIES (?)

“dire doom.’ They (ie., ‘the nine gods of the “company of Ra) live “upon the food of Ra, “and upon the cakes “of Kuent-AMENTI, for “offerings are made on “their behalf upon “earth, and libations of “cool water are made “unto them by the lord “of food (or, as lords of “ food) before Ra.”

To the second group of nine gods “TEM saith:—‘ Inasmuch as “ye are the gods who “ possess life and sceptre “(ie, authority), and “who have mastery over “ your sceptres, drive ye “back the serpent SEBA “from Kuutt, gash -ye “with knives the foul “and evil serpent Ar,’ “ These are the gods who “work enchantments on “ApEP, who open the “earth to Ra, and who

De alas [eATAT

STALE j}:5809 CATH: Load & aseyE ST aliille vB &

arta eet Pare 1 fs of GZ ea ool

SEL

food Foi

Sulit

Syidie ot fe ANE ect: SINAQUEM Ee sBiilen GZ

mali? Zi seas att rae ARSES AR: ‘eFct] (ie [jess

= iy om i The Lords of Destinies (?).

WWRERAL: fd

Pet ALTE

118 THIRD DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“shut it against APEP in the gates of KuentTI-AMENTI. “They are those who are in the hidden place, and they “praise Ra, and they destroy his enemies, and they “protect the great one against the serpent Aru, and “they utter cries of joy at the overthrow by Ra of the “enemy of Ra. They live upon the meat of Ra, and “on the cakes offered to KuenTI-AMENTI. Offerings “are made on their behalf upon earth, and they receive “libations through [their] word being maat in Ament, “and holy are they of arm in their hidden place. “They utter cries to Ra, and they make lamentation “for the great god after he hath passed by them, for “when he hath departed they are enveloped in dark- “ness, and their circle is closed upon them.”

( 119 )

CHAPTER V. THE GATE OF TCHETBI. THE FourtH DIVISION OF THE TUuAT.

Tne boat of the sun having passed through the Third Division of the Tuat arrives at the gateway which leads to the Fourth Division. This gateway is like that which admitted the god into the Third Division, and its outwork is guarded by nine gods, in the form of mummies, who are described as the “third com- pany of the gods of the great god who are within,”

Herero 2 AE] Bi Ae oe

entrance to the corridor which runs between the two walls is a Baul in mummied form called ENUERKHATA,

, and at the exit is a similar god aH <> | x

called SETA-TA, iN ~_3 each god has a

= | w uraeus over his brow, and os is said to “extend his me tn OO arms and hands to Ra,” St lee rae . The

corridor is swept by flames of fire which ae from the mouths of two serpents, stationed each at an angle, and their “fire is for Ra.” The gateway of me

Fourth Division j is called NERT-S- TCHEFAU, “= ye “VI;

I20 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

and the text says, “This great god cometh to this “gateway, and entereth in through it, and the gods

. . . LOo— “who are therein acclaim him,” <> Y4 af QO A awn

aad bars SIPS Beal pasos) Soa ee The company of gods say to

Ra, “Open thou the earth, force thou a way through “the Tuat and the region which is above, and dispel ? S&S, <=

Sal oy

(ROSRO SEM 4A ss Te ho |

“our darkness; hail, Ra, come thou to us,

(rm Q 1° ty are The monster serpent

which stands on his tail and guards the gateway is

called TcuETBI, =) J Qd, and the two lines of. text = .

which refer to his admission of Ra read, “He who is “over this door openeth to Ia. Sa saith to TcHeTBI:— “¢Open [thy] gate to Ra, unfold thy doors to Kuvut, “that he may send light into the thick darkness, and “may make his radiance illumine the hidden habitation.’ “This door is shut after this great god hath passed “through it, and there is lamentation to those who are “in this gateway when they hear this door close upon

’ “them,” Say OT Se *— O | S J QQ

S,; cj O @ loo

ete Cue ones tee Cag UN XCM TH EL RINE

W SeiellA Ale

iekend

erenn Mae 1 [eld SATA MINGIS Here EEC LAEE I

The Gate of the Serpent Tchethi.

I22 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

SRT Ch ILI

14a 0 O fe gana ee PSST ON ta wo

In the middle of this Division we see the boat of Ra being towed on its way by four gods of the Tuat; the god is in the same form as before, and stands in a shrine enveloped by Meuen. Sa stands in the hows, and Hrxa at the stern. The boat advances to a long, low building with a heavy cornice, which contains nine small shrines or chapels; in each of these is a god in mummied form lying on his back. The nine gods are described as the “gods who follow Osiris, who are in

their abodes ee “holes ”), V1] we \ | i

• Sy | b Sioa mere a Immediately in front of the

nine shrines are two groups, each containing six women, who stand upon a slope, one half of which appears to_ be Jand and the other half water; these women are me “the hour goddesses which are in the Tuat,”

Ka, : i

aps Se x rit {po xe eS Each group is separated from the other by a monster serpent of many folds called HERERET, iS, and of him it is said that he

“spawneth twelve serpents to be devoured by the

hours,” [! aa. intr & Ge 2 | rae i

123

THE GODDESSES OF THE HOURS

pas By Hi sad) Ihc EPA ADE yikat SOE: AHL:

Al=A-a: a ue

Aletitfe ONE ENE

4 Lancome)

The Serpent Hereret and the Goddesses of the Hours,

ran es

pote diss

reAL UES

eHEWss4

E ‘leatctee: HH ene hel sma fifleat 8 : neice KA: ‘Medal ey eae) z elf lala | Fi SLoEILIAes th ol (Se 3 TAS ‘I < 2 ONE ec] ro (La ee od ie Le oe SIH a [Elise || of “Hitt e ilar g SMMC | Alplicrh em iA E [ita:xefee } é =i Bit all 3 HNL Astit | 1S Rea

le “s ‘S oi Sees ite cP Als 4 race ee | ihzem-it:

ee)

Tn TATE TATA TTT TGPDENUEEREDTNEDUTUUNH AEC ANTM Ta

124 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

The text relating to the passage of the boat of the sun reads :—

at pee CLE ISN am Joe Kaere MUST. eh ico thsseiri ea, mi me UN ee

=t-Ssahitelye

ob ina a” NS Tuo Pd SS he 1 eae | ee a Sh mm feo Ne MAY I SIFTER == =S Tid Ss vel SP or Res Zee ee eee SLATE ArT Ll e8

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT 125

Se et Da Se Pa ES “Sat DUMPS BT fel

49 RNS! Q pu on eo ollie oe 2 Tee

NTU TTT A mo sa BY si

PP em Ct ait 6

AN Ad Te Prt cad edt

= 2541 ow

et oltre Jima tS waitile be A we hLS wp rice TRS aries Ort

1S vw [lf ves ae SS a) AKSe —

— <> eo > A fh aww <> eae a=o PP

oem Ssi f= ehE

VY! fe Dies | NS thew 0 oP ur

“This great god is drawn along by the gods of the “Tuat, and he journeyeth in the hidden place, and “worketh in respect of the things which are there.

126 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“ [He saith :—] ‘Draw ye me along, O ye beings of the “Tuat, look ye upon me, [for] I have created you. “Pull ye with your arms and draw ye me therewith, “and turn ye aside to the eastern part of heaven, to “the habitations which surround Ares (or, SAr) [and “to] that hidden mountain, the light (or, radiance) of “which goeth round about among the gods who receive “me as I come forth among you into the hidden place. “Draw ye me along, [for] I work on your behalf in the “gateway which covereth over the gods of the Tuat.’”

“And Ra saith unto them:—‘Look ye upon me, O “gods, for I strike those who are in their sepulchres, “ [saying], Arise,O ye yods! I have ordered for you the “plan and manner of your existence, O ye who are in ‘your sepulchres, whose souls are broken, who live “upon your own filth and feed upon your own offal, “rise up before my Disk, and put ye yourselves in a “right state by means of my beams. The duties which “ye shall have in the Tuat are in conformity with the “things which I have decreed for you.’ Their food “consisteth of flesh, and their ale is [made] of the red “ [barley], and their libations are of cool water. There “is lamentation to them after they have heard their “doors close upon them.”

In respect of the twelve goddesses of the hours it is said :—“(These are] they who stand upon their lake, “and it is they who guide Ra in a straight line by “means of their instruments. To them Ra saith:— “*Hearken, O ye goddesses of the hours of the night

RA’S ADDRESS TO THE HOURS 127

“sky. Work ye, and eat ye, and rest ye in your “gateways, with, your breasts towards the darkness, “and your hind-parts towards the light. Make to “stand up the serpent HErEret, and live ye upon that “which cometh forth from it. It is your duty in the “Tuat to eat up the spawn of HeRERET, and. ye shall “destroy that which cometh forth from it. Draw ye “ime, for I have begotten you in order that ye may pay “homage [to me]. Take ye your rest (or, be at peace), “(Q ye Hours!’ Their food consisteth of cakes of “bread, and their ale is [made] of the red [barley], and “their draughts are of cool water, and there is given “unto them as their food that which cometh forth with “the khu (ie., the beatified dead).”

On’ the right hand of the path of the boat of the

Sun in the Fourth Division we see:—1. Twelve gods,

bearded and standing upright, who are called “the

se st ” J\ — ee along their doubles, TH] pe » ih Lt { er 2. Twelve jackal-headed gods, who stand

ne, eae Sig An ; round the “Lake of Life, ea °° who are called the “jackals in the lake of life,” {lf _] Ss 4

• » | + @° 3. Ten uraei, which stand round

the “Lake of the Uraci,” th , and are called the 1S |

“Living Uraei,” q ae » r= th .’ — . The texts

which refer to these three groups of beings read :—

128 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT = a as Rana “> 7 lJ - nities <> — yy 28S QO =—y @ | 02<> 2) a PT ao Alm & &o

is rN Stem oe | |S = oe

rit XM —oormrneemn Pe®srrtirt

= oil = Sr Soe

a er 2 || Gs aver daoces —S: —

Rares ae oe ee

ree eRe Cs eee ex a= Mearer lh Stn

ote Cio

• = ae a fh

ewel OO I Co 4 a

S1pg 2 mY amhhs

mii pee Or bed

Mae th) Son ta cs ag VS 2 & 1c. —i— —y i oc =— — QO ea Sar 1 | Ort wont ea 1 & I Caw

pale oc ae eherepibas

Tix Soa 5S | PH pope FS ees

DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS I29 SO 4» | aie SS ORAL tee Sih tw bRy str Frio Wh Se STIS,

Sa oA CES HH

| rete! Fda Ll

= eo, toe a ee el

= i At PLS acres Cro R NG ion & ron | oA TaD won — | | a pel aungy a To be Sms a =

— “a a OS

IN| Lee oT in wat ti ! Peet

DO Il Vawt | lawn

Pitt esol rricin ty sea D Sp lem een = o— a Ox = Ce es le ye ae Re bit

MEM © — <> | (rn FSD Vein? Sse ee OL The paragraph which refers to the first twelve gods reads :— “These are] they who bear along their doubles, “who immerse themselves in that which floweth in “abundance from the slaughtered ones during the time “of theit existence, and who carry the offerings which

“are rightly due [to the god] to his abode. Unto them VOL. II. K

I30 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“saith Ra:—‘That which belongeth to you [to do], O “ye gods who are among your offerings, is to offer as “an obligatory offering your doubles. Ye have your “own offerings, your enemies are destroyed, and they “are not. Your spirits are on their thrones, [and your] “souls are on their places.’ They say unto Ra, ‘ Adora- “tions be unto thee, O Ra-Kuuti! Hail to thee, O “thou. Soul who art protected in the earth! Hail to “thee, as being eternity, the lord of the years and of “the everlastingness which hath no diminution.’ Their “food consisteth of offerings, their drink is of cool “water, and there is lamentation to them when they “hear their doors close upon them. Their food is given “to them from the goddess Mu-sta(?) by TESERT-BAIU.”

The paragraph which refers to the jackal-headed gods reads :—

“[These are] they who come forth from this: lake “whereunto the souls of the dead cannot approach by “reason of the sanctity which is therein. Unto them “saith Ra:— That which belongeth to you [to do], O ye “gods who are in this lake, is to keep guard upon your “lives in your lake; your offerings are under the guard “of the jackals which have set themselves on the edge “of your lake.’ They say unto Ra:— Immerse thyself, “O Ra, in thy holy lake, wherein the lord of the gods “immersed himself, whereunto the souls of the dead “approach not; this is what thou thyself hast com- “manded, O Kuurt.’ Their food consisteth of bread, “their drink is [made] of the red [barley], and their

THE GODS OF THE LAKE OF LIFE, ETC.

131

feet UT Te ee eee relea li

Her-e om ESAS HZ HER

The Twelve Gods who carry their Doubles,

Ps Dane 1

= cai AB NO WINGMEN

“The Ten Living Uraei of of the Lake of the Uraei.’

I32 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“vessels of drink are filled with wine. There is lamen- “tation among them when they hear their doors close “upon them. Their food is given unto them as lord[s] “of their sceptres round about this lake.”

The paragraph which refers to the uraei reads :-—

“[These are] they who have their speech after Ra “cometh to them, and souls are turned backwards, and “shadows are destroyed at the hearing of the words “or, voices) of thé uraei. Unto them saith Ra:— That “which belongeth to you [to do], O ye URAEI who are “in this lake, is to guard your flames and your fires [so “that ye may hurl them] against my (literally, his) “enemies, and your burning heat against those whose “mouths are evil. Hail to you, O Uragi.’ They “say unto Ra:—‘Come thou to us, stride thou over “TANEN.’”

On ‘the left of the path of the boat of the. sun through the Fourth Division we see the god Osiris, in mummied form, and wearing on his head the crown of the South, standing on a serpent, and partially covered by the earth of a mountain; his head only is: above the ground, and he stands in a naos with a vaulted dome. His name or title, Kuent AMENTI,

& ie is written by his side. Before the shrine is a

Flame-goddess in the form of a uraeus, and behind her are twelve gods, who stand in front of HERU-UR (or, Horus the Aged), the Haroeris of the later Greek

• writers: Heru-ur is in the form of a hawk-headed

THE GODS OF THE PITS 133

man, who leans on a staff. Behind the- shrine which contains Osiris stand twelve gods, who are described as “the gods who are behind the shrine,”

TTS WP RM YA =. Bening, or by the side

of these, are four pits or hollows in the ground, by the side of each of which stands a god, with his body bent forward in adoration before a bearded god, who holds the symbol of life in the right hand and a sceptre in the left. The four gods are called “ Masters of their pits,”

=, > | if=—>oie and their lord is “ . ; a se H called the “ Master of Earths (?), a & » .

The texts referring to these gods read :—

=bple_ds~ SeAHe oe he PSPS elener Gyn eS ta ais EMS Ss a = a MAIS Seb

poll gIS SIAL Bn

134 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

JN (SASS SRAIZ

a s Se ee Ae SS Fa AA Se weg aya ay

Pere 1 bx ee Lael

SRSTEhNGT EME RIES t deo PRO-TAY md ST PS Bo ede

= FP hPa EON A PRY MTA Sat Oe DNS

PAN Habd te mS

Te jo dUN SHS om APR SIZ tea ry PS Simoes a es ihon ES Sua} iene}

pine 11 ’ a o> I ee ee \ ta eee

WSF 1 | et 0 | ee Pe Fan 7 +e TW PB fon 2 ed rm ESS iis NL=TRe tl geet SM)

aor aE =4] Pome Pee SB a

The text referring to Horus reads :—

“Horus worketh on behalf of his father Osiris, he “performeth magical ceremonies for him, and restoreth “to him the crown [, saying], ‘My heart goeth out to “thee, O my father, thou who art avenged on those “who would work against thee, and in all the matters “which concern thee thou art guided by magical “ceremonies. Thou hast the mastery, O Osiris, thou “hast the sovereignty, O Kurntt Amentt, thou hast “ whatsoever is thine as Governor of the Tuat, O thou “ whose forms (or, attributes) are exalted in the hidden “place; the ‘beatified spirits hold thee in fear, and “the dead are terrified at thee. Thy crown hath been “restored unto thee, and I, thy son Horus, have “reckoned thy weakness there.’”

The twelve gods who are in front of the shrine of Khenti Amenti say :—

“Let Him of the Tuat be exalted! Let Khenti «Amenti be adored! Thy son Horus hath restored to

136 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“thee thy crown, he hath protected thee by means of “magical ceremonies, he hath crushed for thee thine “enemies, he hath brought to thee vigour for thy arms, “O Osiris, Khenti Amenti.”

In reply to this address of the twelve gods Khenti Amenti saith unto his son Horus :—

“Come to me, O my son Horus, and avenge me on “those who work against me, and cast them to him “that is over the things which destroy, [for] it is he “who guardeth the pits [of destruction].”

Then saith Horus unto those gods who are behind the shrine :-—

“Make inquisition for me, O gods who are in the “following of Khenti Amenti, stand ye up, and with- “draw ye not yourselves, and be ye masters over « yourselves, and come, and live delicately on the bread “of Hu, and drink ye of the ale of Maat, and live ye “upon that whereon my father liveth there. That “which belongeth to you in the hidden place is to be “behind the shrine, according to the commandment of

-“Ra. I call unto you, and behold, it is for you to do “what it is your duty [to do].’ Their meat consisteth “of cakes of bread, and their ale is of the tchesert “drink, and their libations are [made with] cool water. “Their food is given unto them by the guardian of “the things which are in the shrine. And Horus “saith unto these gods:—‘ Smite ye the enemies of my “father, and hurl ye them down into your pits because “of that deadly evil which they have done against the

MAJIN

[Meru-ur, SSH eh 2 ?

allel oh Sal hAa THAR Alaa: AelijAli mare a

yell er g eShD,

ein é eA ot Lite 2 NMEA OMLA™

UL Ae 2 [rien Ze iy

NCAA 2 ia oustllts

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fighesti- pea

LOANS. MEALEY SA SUM he ied

oclilit

Osiria The goddess

of Flame (Nesert).

Khent: Amenti,

Shrine,

G)

The Twelve Gods behind th

avec EAT AME Wbe a

ABUT A - IPH (2. Medistel Le ded: sa ADALH RN Ste Ag PEI IMS

Wee

The Four Masters of their Pits,

Ect eet

oli) Ce —WeMeMe LOAM Toe risiett je

138 FOURTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“Great One, [which] found(?) him that begot me. “That which belongeth to you to do in the Tuat is to “guard the pits of fire according as Ra hath commanded, “and I set [this] before you so that, behold, ye may do “according to what belongeth to you [to do].’ This “god standeth over (or, by) the pits.”

( 139 )

CHAPTER VI. THE GATE OF TEKA-HRA.

THe Firrh DIvIsION OF THE TUAT.

THE boat of the sun having passed through the Fourth Division of the Tuat arrives at the gateway which leads to the Firrn Division. This gateway is similar to that which guards the Fourth Division, and is guarded by nine gods, who are described as the

“Fourth Company,” =O;

corridor and at its exit stands a jackal-headed | god, the former being called AAU, ——o iN », and the latter

a . . ° TEKMI, <= 4; each is said to “extend his arms and

at the entrance to the

hands to Ra.” The corridor is swept by flames of fire, a

=a

and the text says, “This great god cometh to this “gateway, and entereth in through it, and the gods

as before. The gateway is called Anrzr, l Ng

. . . lmN — “who are therein acclaim him,” <> Oa A Ll aww 4

sad OS APIS NP pile tl ta

VY Tf tt iN Sail The nine gods say to

140 FIFTH DIVISION OF. THE TUAT

Ra, “ RA-HERU-KHOUTI unfoldeth our doors, and openeth “our gateways. Hail, Ra, come thou to us, O great

Lo Mt

“god, lord of hidden nature,” & Sur ave tor} tilt is

PITS Ross

ar) Tt ia | 2 oO 1 A oIII rs , : | i cw. The monster serpent which stands on his tail and guards the gateway is called Texa-nrA, Zz z,

and the two lines of text which refer to his admission of Ra read: —*“ He who is over this door openeth to Ra. “Sa saith to Texa-11rA:— Open thy gate to Ra, unfold “thy doors to KuurTi, that he may send light into the “thick darkness, and may make his radiance’ illumine “the hidden habitation.’ This door is shut after the “great god hath passed through it, and there is “lamentation to those who are in this gateway when “they hear this door close upon them.” As the hiero- glyphic text is identical with that given above on p. 120 it is not repeated here.

In the middle of this Division we sce the boat of Ra being towed on its way by four gods of the Tuat; the god is in the same form as before, and stands in a shrine enveloped by MEHEN. Sa stands in the bows, and Hea at the stern. In front of those who tow the boat are nine shrouded gods, with projecting elbows; each of these holds in his hands a part of the body of a long, slender ser- pent, and the group is called “ those who hold ENNUTCHI,”

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The Gate of the Serpent Teka-hra,

142 FIFTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT twelve bearded beings, who are advancing towards a god, NAAM who is styled [the god] “of his angle,” 4 J co; AWWA Rm

the twelve gods are described as BAIU RETIH-AMMU- Tuat, i.e., “the souls of the men who are in the Tuat,”

KN we fi ie *, The texts read:—

pan ee iio ! A je

The Boat of Ra being towed by the Gods of the Fifth Division of the Tuat.

“A Dee I Of SP DH ee XB ah oes MAS

iS] ONO ere cae ad TOOT O won Pain

It tees Dl Tb Dat | or MANY o limes 41S 2 ery SI 0 ope

BO [as | a [ww 4 Se LE as

DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS 143

m2. Boe AcoASs re ay

www <a | « YY aos Go eee ao Mou CO eee R= OS AA rake aaa EMmRSD al Se ees

aid MP? pry Se ari hed Ge Sm @ Aer 8 Beers Soh ls AS mio be WSaoameis mM be=lee ls eal! ai 2 $l mg ian ae vite vo kt AU ESA Tate et Pactra AJ oA Te He ASE ey

sy tire mad

Ye Nelo esos Nie ed AS eS Pinte Imad St Te

144 FIFTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“The gods of the Tuat draw along this great god, “and he journeyeth through the hidden place. [Ra “saith :—] ‘Draw ye me along, O ye gods of the Tuat, “and sing praises ulito me, O ye who are at the head “of the stars; let your cords be strong (or, vigorous), “and draw ye me along by means of them, and let “your hands and arms be steady, let there be speed in “your legs, let there be strong intent in your souls, “and let your hearts be glad. Open ye a prosperous “way into the chambers (gertz) of hidden things.’”

The Nine Gods who hold Ennutchi.

The text relating to the bearers of the serpent reads :— .e ‘Those who are in this scene carry this serpent. “Ra striketh them and advanceth towards them to “make himself to rest in [the gateway called] NrEsrT- “aHAU. This serpent travelleth as far as it (ie., this “gateway), but he passeth not beyond it. Ra saith “unto them :— Strike ye the serpent Ennurcut there, “give him no way [whereby to escape], so that I may “pass by you. Hide your arms destroy that which

HUMAN SOULS OF THE TUAT 145

“you guard, protect that which cometh into being “from my forms, and tie ye up (or, fetter) that which “cometh into being from my strength.’ Their food “consisteth of the hearing of the word of this god, and “offerings are made to them from the hearing of the “word of Ra in the Tuat.”

“Unto those who have spoken what is right and “true upon earth, and who have magnified the forms “of the god, Ra saith:—‘ Praises shall be [sung] to

P$LERNSLNSS SS st Sesy Rat NWerens aun Ss Sys Rees 1 SSSR ohy ee i ea ae a “min i ee AND AAW AW AWAD ALAA DAB ABE

Heri-qenbet-f. The souls of men who are in the Tuat.

“your souls, and there shall be breath to your nostrils, “and there shall be to you joints in SexuHet-ARUv. “That which shall be indeed yours is what belongeth “to the Maatr cops. The habitations which shall be “yours shall be (or, are) at the corner where [live] “those who are with me who weigh words for them.’ “Their food is of bread-cakes, and their drink of “tchesert drink, and their libations are of cool water. “Offerings are made uftto them upon earth as to the VOL. U. L

146 FIFTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“god HxteErt, according to what should be offered unto “them.”

Ra saith unto this god:—“Let him that is over his “Corner (HERI-QENBET-F) cry out to those souls who “are right, and true, and divine, and make them to sit “at peace in their habitations at the Corner of those

“who are with myself.” On the right hand of the path of Ra in the Fifth

Division of the Tuat are:—l. Twelve male beings bowing in adoration; they are described as “those

who make adorations in the Twat,” TU Q) >i

+f iN > | cat 2. Twelve male beings who bear

in their hands a cord for measuring plots of ground and estates; these are called “Holders of the cord in

the Tuat,” fs > ! =“ » q @ IN tale 3. Four

gods, standing upright, each holding the symbol of life in his right hand, and a sceptre in the left. The hieroglyphic texts which relate to these gros

read :—

Tacs wig toot iz NTN off, of Shetek ee ii gp eee cali as

IEP boot Bile

GODS WHO MEASURE LAND AND THEIR OVERSEERS 147

9 Sirens AEC IVS Loft Jes PSUS7

“o aa 0 |

CX 7 ae | Oat ei oe

ae——— | |co=— h Miata mel maT MLS a lB e Shas [| =

J < JS Ee | SS an a i oe hee a

Ce Ma om SS | wn TH

pa NG nn Te Spin et i = tne en lS Sl role fw he ae Se I (ia eet ae WS

Til) exo d <> Ill

“oa =! _O| men ow “aE nomen Claas aR ee WoW | Xe Wl

my Mowtt- eed a Pr

at | ae K OTe GS-2 OC aX As | — it | | ies

A yeas Sal\y

148 FIFTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

PETE Dee PPR Ae eek tom Wee] ARoo Win Sc iene Tia RSH dle

£2 tbeel heL AWS

Bis as HCV

The Twelve Gods who make adoration in the Tuat. -

Hasan UMN ces eS het

The passage in the text which refers to the adorers reads :—

“[These are] they who make songs to Ra in Amentet “and exalt Heru-khuti. [These are they who] knew “Ra upon earth, and who made offerings unto him “Their offerings are in their place, and their glory

THE GODS OF THE MEASURING CORD I49

“ig in the holy place of Ament. They say unto “Ra:—‘Come thou, O Ra, progress through the Tuat. “Praise be to thee! Enter thou among the holy “[places] with the serpent Mehen. Ra saith unto “them :— There are offerings for you, O ye who made “offerings. I am content with what ye did for me, “both when I used to shine in the eastern part of “heaven, and when I was sinking to rest in “the “chamber of my Hye.’ Their food issof the bread-

oa

BSS ils eee ees —

The Twelve Gods who hold the cord for measuring land.

“cakes of Ra, and their drink is of his tcheser drink, “and their libations are made of cool water, and “offerings are made unto them on the earth in [return] “ for the praisings which they make unto Ra in Ament.”

The passage in the text which refers to the holders of the measuring cord reads :-—

«(These are they who] hold the measuring cord in «Ament, and they go over therewith the fields of “the Kuu- (ie. the beatified spirits) [Ra saith to

150 FIFTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“them]:—‘ Take ye the cord, draw it tight, and mark “out the limit (or, passage) of the fields of Amentet, “the Kxuu whereof are in your abodes, and the gods “whereof are on your thrones.’ The Kuu of NETERTI “are in the Field of Peace, [and] each Kuu hath been “judged by him that is in the cord.” Righteousness “is to those who are (i.e., who exist), and unrighteous- “ness to those who are not. Ra saith unto them :— «¢What is right is the cord in Ament, and Ra is “content with the stretching (or, “drawing) of the same. Your “ possessions are yours, O ye gods, “your homesteads are yours, O ye “Kuvu. Behold ye, Rai maketh “(or, worketh) your fields, and “he commandeth on your behalf “that there may be sand(?) with “you.’” .

The Four enbi Gods. “ Hail, journey on, O Kuxurti, for

“verily the gods are content with “that which they possess, and the KHU are content “with their homesteads. Their food [cometh] from “Sekhet-Aru, and their offerings from that which “springeth up therein. Offerings are made unto them “upon earth from the estate of Sekhet-Aru.”

To the four bearded gods Ra saith :“ Holy are ye, “OQ Hensi gods, ye overseers of the cords in Amentet. “[O stablish ye fields and give [them] to the gods and “to the Kuu (ie. spirits) [after] they have been

THE FOUR RACES OF MEN I51I

“measured in Sekhet-Aaru. Let them give fields and “sand to the gods and to the souls who are in the Tuat. Their food shall be from Sekhet-Aaru, and their “ offerings from the things which spring forth therein].”

On the left, of the path of the boat of Rai are:—

1. A hawk-headed god, leaning upon a staff; he is

called Horus, »- 2. Four groups, each group con-

| taining four men. The first are Reru, ee — vie di 1 the second are AaMu, ) IN S|, |, the third are NENESU,

IN g | Sh 1, and the fourth are THEMEHU, om =

The Retu are Egyptians, the AaMuU are dwellers in the deserts to the east and north-east of Egypt, the Neuesu are the black races and Necross, and the THEMEHU are the fair-skinned ‘Libyans. 3. Twelve bearded beings, each of whom grasps with both hands the body of a long serpent; these are called the

“ Holders of the period of time in Ament,” > al , <= I

°F ING! ae 4, Eight bearded gods, who are

. nn l called the “Sovereign chiefs of the Tuat,” | { Oa NI.

sna F-+-4 1

*Ke, The hieroglyphic text which relates to these

groups reads :— Wad eS US HeBe aati SiS bis

Casts pis eine © Oper s, Zim WS Sets et Se EW She ah Bm hog TS NIT RRL meer FAS pie aoe NF fle yb | Be aa price merely yostertnsert ee Sy oa STON RS mete DO PSTN TS SS WY SYD ToS BENS bg Biirmiensatfor MITS hh Ti Se Uo Gsrm a SIS a 6s) ears SalPalebedS

a ee HL s| = ton @ | @ OTe lt tee ee 1 OP Mam EE la SS

153

THE FOUR RACES OF MEN

Horus.

Tho Reth, i.e, Egyptians.

— Nhe OMENS THeset rE EE

The Aamu, i.e., Asiatics,

fH 4

TAlleael

lid

“3%

op

aul

it

JeIGil

i

Nu

4

Al

A 29 Cowe,

eel)

“fy

The Nehesu, i.e., Negroes,

‘

The Themehu, i.e,, Libyans.

154 FIFTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

aT OS as bn NP

{retest AD hedge (LIF ERE OTD oof Ih BUSS Ria HEKIL

The passage which refers to the four groups, each containing four men, reads :—

Horus saith unto the creatures of Ri who dwell in the Black Land (Qemt, ie, Egypt) and in the Red Land (ie., the deserts which lie on each side of the Black Land formed of the mud of the Nile):—* Magical “protection be unto you, O yé creatures of Ra, who “have come into being from the Great One who is at “the head of heaven! Let there be breath to your “nostrils, and let your linen swathings be unloosed ! “Ye are the tears! of the eye of my splendour in your “name of Reru (ie. men). Mighty of issue (AA-MU) “ye have come into being in your name of AAMuU; “Sekhet hath created them, and it is she who delivereth “(or, avengeth) their souls. I masturbated [to produce “you], and I was content with the hundreds of thou- “sands [of beings] who came forth from me in your

3 Or, the weeping.

THE GODS WHO GIVE LIFE 155

“name of NrHEsU (i.e. Negroes); Horus made them to “come into being, and it is he who avengeth their “souls. I sought out mine Eye, and ye came into

being in your name of THEMEHU; Sekhet hath created “them, and she avengeth their souls.”

The passage which refers to the gods who make stable the period of life (K1eRvu-aH4U-EM-AMENT) reads :—

Those who make firm (or, permanent) the duration

fest heen hE s g

of life stablish the days of the souls [in] Amenti and possess the word (or, command) of the place of destruction. Ra saith unto them:—‘ Inasmuch as ye “are the gods who dwell in the Tuat, and who have “possession of [the serpent] Mererul, by means of “whom ye mete out the duration of life of the souls “who are in Amenti who are condemned to destruc- “tion, destroy ye the souls of the enemies according

156 FIFTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“to the place of destruction which ye are commanded “to appoint, and let them not see the hidden “ place.” ,

The passage in the text which refers to the divine sovereign chiefs reads :—

“(Here are] the divine sovereign chiefs who shall “destroy the enemies. They shall have their offerings

Ms

= AC) Ape; PL Eb | Lf

Hull isl (:

@ Brow e

The Eight Sovercign Chiefsin the Tuat. _

“by means of the word {which becometh] Maat; they “shall have their oblations upon earth by means of the “word [which becometh] Maat, and it is they who “destroy and who pass the edict concerning (literally, “write) the duration of the life of the souls who dwell “in Amenti. “The destruction which is yours shall be “ [directed] against the enemies, and the power to write.

THE EIGHT SOVEREIGN CHIEFS 157

“which ye possess shall be for the place of destruction. “TI have come, even I the great one Horus, that I may “make a reckoning with my*body, and that I may “shoot forth evils against my enemies. Their food is “bread, and their drink is the tchesert wine, and they “have cool water wherewith to refresh (or, bathe) “themselves. [Offerings are made to them upon earth. “One doth not enter into the place of destruction.]!

1 Supplied from Champollion, Notices, p. 772.

( 158 )

CHAPTER VII. THE JUDGMENT HALL OF OSIRIS. THE SIxTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT.

Tue boat of Ra having passed through the Fifth Division of the Tuat arrives at the gateway which leads to the SrixtH Dtvision, or, as the text anys!

ely els eal Ne ala 1A 2, SUV TALE LA om

“cometh forth to this pylon, and he passeth in through “it, and those gods who are in the secret place acclaim “him.” The gateway is guarded by twelve bearded mummy forms, who are described as the “gods and

goddesses who are in this pylon,” V1 = Q a tr |

QS! (Bie ie oat and it is called NEsT-aHA,

se ° x The gate which admits to the Sixth

Division resembles those already described; at the entrance to the corridor and at its exit stands a bearded peg form, the former being called

om

MAXi-AB, =i ¢y, and the latter SHETA-AB, aa These ee mean “Right (or, true) of heart” and

159

ES ae . Pi

‘.

Seas

I

THE JUDGMENT HALL OF OSIRIS

r

lawn @ @d

IE ase Me e 2 Ay | en es es

bod 3 waz Se ws SSS

OnE ES

!

enen =. ie 4

2

—th | MwA A

alee

Ass eget ee ce

; WIN ihaconpast

XS

dees Y <>!

FES Meh:

=oe> iow

ate,

slouiro)f

a]

bold border Peillse 1S RelA eeel bl EPG) —> F

Tho Gate of the Serpent Set-em-maa.-f,

Tho J udgmont Hall of Osiris.

160 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“Hidden of heart” respectively, and each is said to extend his hands and arms to Ra. The corridor is swept by flames. The gods who acclaim the god say, “Come thou to us, O thou who art at the head of the “horizon, O great god, who dost open the hidden place.

“Open thou the holy doors, and unfold the portals of

<>

“the hidden place,” i = ae a a \ yy | | |

psu |< a. Beteo the gate which leads into the SixTH

Division and the Division itself we find inserted a remarkable scene, which may be thus described :— In the upper part, from one side to another, a line is drawn, which is intended to represent the roof of the shrine or canopy in which the god is seated, and on it

rests a row of kakheru <a \y ‘, ie, spear-head — |

ornaments. From the inside of the roof hang, upside down, four heads of some kind of horned animal.

These are called Hahaiw WO Py ee QQ: b

and are supposed to be heads of gazelle! or oxen. the space between the spear-head ornaments and i: side of the Tuat is written

Td hee & Apr ae

The transliteration of these characters appears to be Ser her Twat sath then; the meaning of the first three

1 “ Tétes de gazelles”’ (Champollion, Monuments, tom. ii., p. 495).

THE JUDGMENT HALL OF OSIRIS 161

words is tolerably clear, ic., “Osiris, governor of the Tuat,” but the signification of the last signs is doubtful. M. Lefébure translates the inscription, “ Osiris, master of Hades, Earth, and Tanen.” Osiris, who wears the double crown of the South and North, and holds in his right hand the symbol of “life,” and in his left a sceptre,

G is seated on a chair of state, which is sct on tho top .

of a platform with nine steps. On each step stands a god, and the nine gods are described as the “ company which is with Sar, ie, Osiris,” © +t a © al 1a | < On the topmost step is a Balance, in which the actions of the deceased are weighed; the beam of the Balance is supported either by the deceased, or by a stand which is made in the form of a bearded mummy. One pan of the Balance contains some rectangular object, and the other a figure! of the bird which is symbolic of evil and wickedness. Behind the Balance is a boat, which is sailing away from the presence of Osiris; in it is a pig being driven along by a dog-headed ape which flourishes a stick. In the top left-hand corner is a figure of Anubis, jackal-headed, and under the floor of the platform on which Osiris is seated are figures of the enemy of Sar, or Osiris. From the variant of this scene which,is found on the sarco- phagus of Tchehra at Paris, as well as from the sarcophagus of Seti I, we may see that the pig in the

1 Sharp, Inscriptions, part ii., pl. 9. VOL. IIL. M

162 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

boat is called Am-A, 13, ic, “Eater of the Arm,”

and the boat is piloted by a second ape which stands in the bows. On the Paris monument we sce a-man wielding a hatchet in a threatening manner and standing near the Scales, probably with the view of ‘destroying the deceased if the judgment of Osiris prove adverse to him.

The nine short lines of text at the foot of the scene

read :—

Se eb lik & 1) Se BY Sr Se N Ser SS =P TY AIT YE

This inscription is in the so-called “enigmatic” writing,! a fact which was first noticed by Champollion, but a ‘transcript of it exists on the sarcophagus of Tchehra in characters which have the ordinar y values, : and this reads as follows :—

= ROSETTA ees

2 Il at ® fe a en ee

1 See Goodwin, Aeg. Zeit., 1873, p.138; Renouf, ibid., 1874, p. 101; and Champollion, Bowiouedte pl. 272.

? Lefébure renders, “O ye who bring the word just or false to me, he, Thoth, examines the words” (Records of the Past, vol. x.,

p. 114).

THE JUDGMENT HALL OF OSIRIS 163 = _ ae Sa ic., “His enemies are under his “feet, the gods and the spirits are before him; he is “the enemy of the dead (ie, the damned) among the “beings of the Tuat, Osiris putteth under restraint “[his] enemies, he destroyeth them, and he performeth “the slaughter of them.” ,

The text which refers to Anubis reads :— MeSHVIGSSzyuhe ll — LST T=

and this Mr. Goodwin transcribed :—

ON Ue PSS} im SIAL dS AT

l a xi Xm, Le. “Hail, O ye who make to bo madt ho “the word of your little one, may Thoth weigh the “words, may he make to eat his father.”

Immediately over the boat is the short inscription :—

jo) eh wl.

This Goodwin renders by, “ [When] this god entereth, “he (ie, the Ape) riseth and putteth under restraint “ AM-A (ie, the Eater of the Aym). a

1 «he diver [when] this god rises, he gives up [the pig] to oe plagues” (Lefébure, op. cit., p. 114).

164 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Behind the pair of scales is the following legend ?:— PDAS BASEN of ANS TieY SY L185 Teel oo

This Mr. Goodwin transcribes by :—

Tet Fae CT ANS ih eel eran ese At ee PIG FS a AT ot} BON Jo BAS x—, and renders,

I) awww “The balance-bearer does homage; the blessed spirits

“in Amenti follow after him; the morning star “disperses the thick darkness; there is good will “above, justice below. The god reposes himself, he “gives bread to the blessed, who throng towards him.” The translation by M. Lefébure reads, “The bearer of “the hatchet and the bearer of the scales protect the “inhabitant of Amenti, [who] takes his repose in “ Hades, and traverses the darkness and the shadows. “Happiness is above, and justice below. The god “reposes and sheds light produced by truth which he “has produced.”

1 See also Champollion, Monwments, tom. ii., p. 490.

THE JUDGMENT HALL OF OSIRIS 165

The upper part of the space between the roof and the platform on which Osiris sits is occupied by two short inscriptions, which are full of difliculty; they read :-—

SPY eet Se lV PERTTI TITY SVT Y =} SeP SS!

rem Yo e |S1E 5 Geom TF IA SSW e TZ BAM

eae ae

” The meaning of these texts has puzzled several workers, and even the order in which the characters are to be read has given rise to differences of opinion. One of the chief difficulties in the matter is caused by the way in which the two legends are written on the sarcophagus of Seti I. Looking at the hieroglyphics as they stand, they seem to form one continuous inscription, but, if we examine the scene as it appears in the tomb of Rameses II, we see that we must divide them as above. Mr. Goodwin made an

166 “SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

attempt to transcribe and translate a part of the texts, but as he considered them to form only one inscription we cannot accept his rendering. M. Lefébure has made translations of both texts, and they read }:—

I. “They, they hide those which are in the state of “the elect. They the country [belonging] to them, is “Ameh in the land. Behold, these are they whose “heads issue. What a mystery is their appearance, “[the appearance] of your images!”

II. “The examination of the words takes place, and “he strikes down wickedness, he who has a just heart, “he who bears the words in the scales, in the divine “place of the examination of the mystery of mysteries “of the spirits. The god who rises has made _his “infernal [companions] all.”

For purposes of comparison, the versions of the texts from the tomb of Rameses VI.,as given by Champollion (Monuments, pl. 252) are given. It will be noted that a part of the line immediately over the head of Osiris,

cx aNSm . in differ

R L ron , 18 given in different places in the latter scene, for aK & is immedi- : = II ately in front of the double crown of Osiris, and Y DK ~~ ewe is immediately in front of the

sceptre of the god. The other lines read :—

FRDRST rn TSE Se,

1 Records of the Past, vol. x., p. 114.

ee SAP IT VV KK aT Y= Se Ne Doh Sok DISS BIS! SAIS ASI DOT Sie

$$,

( 168 )

CHAPTER VIII. THE GATE OF SET-EM-MAAT-F, THE SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT—continued.

Tue pylon which gives access to the SixTu DIVISION of the Tuat has already been described. The monster serpent which stands on his tail and guards the gate-

way is called SET-EM-MAAT-F, (| a ( ee : and the LO> Xm

two lines of text which refer to his admission of Ra

read :—

“He who is over this door openeth to Ra, Sa “saith to SET-EM-MAAT-F:—‘Open thy gate to Ra, “unfold thy doors to Kuuti, that he may send light “into the thick darkness, and may make his radiance “illumine the hidden habitation.’ This door is shut “after this great god hath passed through it, and there “is lamentation to those who are in this gateway when “they hear this door close upon them” (see p. 169).

a 2 1 8 ae Se ool gh le Mh IN

0 =— 1 TA ars oa el Ee naa

— TT Ta OS mw O I Cw

M2 SPT cas BIST. :

FRAGMENTARY TEXTS OF SETI I. 169

ONY is GNP an Vom :

aod ote o

7 Re rar i TNA LS

The scenes and texts which illus- trate the Sixth Division of the Tuat cannot be obtained in a com- plete state from the sarcophagus of Seti I., and recourse must therefore be had to other documents. In the following pages, however, the fragments of the texts and scenes from the sarcophagus are first given, and these are followed by the com- plete texts as they are found in the tomb of Rameses VI., as published by Monsieur E. Lefébure in the third volume of the Mémoires of the French Archeological Mission at Cairo.

The fragmentary texts and scenes from the sarcophagus of Seti I. may be thus described :—

In the middle register are :-—

1. Two of the four gods of the Tuat whose duty it is to tow along the boat of the Sun through this Division.

“Tee

oor

=

NS

t

=e

= man

zi M9 & a — *

aay

Jods 5 iio F (fF BIOS

The Serpent Set-em-maat-f,

170 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT /

2. The god TEM, . a , in the form of an aged man,

with bent shoulders, and leaning on a staff.

3. The jackal-headed standard called Ra, j oo} to which are tied two “enemies,” who probably repre- sent the damned.

4. The two Urciats, Fe which appear to be keeping watch on the “ enemies.”

5. The jackal-headed standard called Tem, . = ; with two “enemies” tied to it.

6. A mummied form, with projecting elbows, called

_—d AFAT, ~~ ING 4a.

7. The jackal-headed standard called Kneprr,

G de, with two “enemies ” tied to it.

8. A mummied form, with projecting elbows, called oes . hom ZY |), or Mer, SS.” Ltelts

9. The jackal-headed standard called Suu, ix ri

with two “ enemies : tied to it. 10. A mummied form, with projecting elbows, called

SENT,“ {|

11. The jackal-headed standard called SEs, S& J hii ;

with two “enemies” tied to it. 12. A mummied form, with projecting elbows, called

AQA-SA, aoe A &.

! The names are supplied from Champollion, Notices, p. 502.

FRAGMENTARY TEXTS OF SETI I. 171i

13. The jackal-headed standard called Sar, © al (Osiris).1

14. A imummied form, with projecting elbows, called

Pees —<—_ 1 AA-KHER (?), lh.

15. The jackal-headed standard called HEnru, i

16. A god holding asceptre called Sner-Hnd, aie 2.

The text which refers to the above-mentioned gods reads :—

CV Sly T* Wim me

mon riot NR Vom LiZee Fo 14 re SAT VY ST} Same hi Ziel

SIME Boe Je

1 The names are supplied from Champollion, oe p. 502.

0c — os 2 Champollion’s text reads: br S| Y i: WM sell «

1, JANSSON TE | Mie Yo desi Seda

porary SO ae (Notices, tom, ii., p. 603).

DAAA |

SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

172

“I 10g JO susBqdooIvg 94) JO 19A0 ON} Wor ‘GUNZ OY} JO WOITAIT W3XIS OU JO quowIsuI

OR LES Secerere tte, OCT RASA SAO Vy, fli

TUT; ¢usg OX

AIS

aoe PORE 0° a6 °% oO a .0 oe 08

ote. Ope re Poney”,

THE HARVEST IN THE KINGDOM OF OSIRIS 173

co “YA NL. q Par e ES Ay (ch | (ism

y yee Ae 3f:* ee yi EAN

( Ai oa ay <1

v of the Sarcophagus of Seti I.

W te y {Se ee ok ees s HAAR MIA SN HE) e E-be SNE) tPA A yp ES

ALIEN [AME

Fragment of the Sixth Division of the Tuat, from the Cover

j ==t{J Sf: 2 SMEibee fear QCA lee) ‘ Eq MIA 4 =

174 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

PS AYERS ALS DR! SQW Seema Amy mm ae AMIS S AR ieelllia ent uel i

meen CY Bod 7%! ES an Ral!

»>

} —— | ir <> no a

mee | ae ei etl BL error

= LGY,

NAAN GZZ.

rit G44

“[This great god is towed along by the gods in the “Tuat, and those who tow Ra along say, ‘Rise up, O MGIBIe, | sie’e hs ay dec briw at aga god, verily get thee forth to “thestandards of Scb.’ Tem saith unto the standards :— “* Keep ward over the enemies, and bind ye fast those “who shall be smitten. O ye gods who are behind the “standards, and ‘who are in the following of Seb, I give “ye the power to bind fast the enemies and to keep “ward over the wicked. Let them not go forth from “under your hands, let them not slip through your “fingers. O enemies, ye are reckoned for slaughter “according to the decree which [was given] to you by “him thaé…… with his body, and created the Tuat “by his members(?). He hath passed the decree for

THE HARVEST IN THE KINGDOM OF OSIRIS 175

“you to be punished, and he taketh count of you and “what yedo…….. 7 :

The upper register is much mutilated on the cover of the sarcophagus of Scti I.; on it we sce:—

J. Five upright male figures, each of whom holds a large loaf of bread, &, with both hands on his head; when the scene was complete these figures were twelve in, number, as we learn from the variants published by Champollion, and they are called HETEPTI-KUEPERU,

oi kj l@ » 1 mere B= >t

2. Six upright male figures, each of whom holds the feather of Maat with both hands on his head; when

the scene was complete these figures were twelve in number, and they are called AUTU-MAAMU-KHERU-

nin Ai? IHD BI =Z—H}

The text which remains reads :—

Smee omar iil [ME soe INS | — S| ae TS | Tie oir NT ; =8F

Hixnes AVmhe< 7 paola Naa

| Notices, ii., p. 501. ? Supplied irom Champollion, Notices, ii., p. 502.

SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

176

A =z WS

3 -

MV =a

MMe < Yi NM REY AY EIST [{

2

as forssat (Des sae

Pri ee x1 “[These are they who have offered up incense to the

af eee

NAAM

TOP atinr

i: “maat, they have been reckoned up and they are maat

AW

<—

Fragment of the Cover of tho Sarcophagus of Seti I, in the British Museum,

• 4 | “gods, and whose doubles have been washed, ~ » !

“Th

THE HARVEST IN THE KINGDOM OF OSIRIS 1977

“in the presence of the great god, who destroyeth “iniquities. Osiris saith unto them:— Ye are madt of “maat. Be ye at peace [because of what] ye have “done, O ye who are in the forms of those who are “in my following, and who dwell in the. house of him “ whose souls are holy. Live ye on what ye live…… “ there, and have the mastery “over the cool waters which “are’in your Lake….. a A few years ago I pur- chased from a native at Luxor a fragment of the cover of the sarcophagus of Seti I. (see p. 176); this is now in the British Museum (No. 29,948), and it gives the following :—

1. Three male figures, each of which bears a loaf on his head.
2. The following fragment- ary text: owns ee - pss na eae ff) call OA mi | IRC Piper tih ia ass . Cl my acm 4 UTD aw

9 a ee oe ae IN a NAA AAA AAS —>Veaiima. w= am <> IZZZ. : ; iZZZ, “Their bread cakes are ordered for » iZ VOL. II. N

178 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“them by their gods; their kaw are in their hands, “and they enter into their abodes at the pylon which “destroyeth its gods. The god Sar (Osiris) saith unto “them :—‘ Your bread shall be to you from that which “cometh forth from your mouths, O ye HEreEpti- “KHEPERU…… au

In the lower register are :—

1. Five male figures, who are occupied’ in tending very large ears of corn; when the scene was complete these figures were twelve in number, and they were called, “Those who work about the plants of grain in

“the fields of the Tuat,” (== Qq » | ty IN |

Koa te ONAN SS:

2, A man holding a sickle; he is one of the seven

« yeapers,” lh VLA J oe?) of which this

section of the scene originally consisted. The text which relates to those who tend the grain

reads :—

Fines No hee a

SLAF REPRO S OPO AON eR

tom Ao II ll iawn a 0 eel ee cae 8 oa 8 oom SB Lowen AT ae hak a parr Wheres |

1 The passage in brackets is from Champollion, Notices, ii., p. 503.

THE. HARVEST IN THE KINGDOM OF OSIRIS 179 YY GZY —> noes <— “ON | ae YY GGF | Se . i SASS ROAM PRY

ZZ <> GF * Woo ZZ ZY —*—-Yy AGO [worl t SYA US STRAWS vi Nicene il laud <a bow Wbe\ TASS RATA xx | a coc AAA 2 IS SRS LE Nolte 2 IAA <> i & a) = | =A she. Aoin ay a, a() 1 seat | Road

Tork Oat Tero ck NAS

omit « 4 | lawl Il nn

ee ae aN or | Sa oA! Ka

mAVAIS- We mer | SS LY 9 8 ar

No oe a lee

YA AY UY 9 mn ain mom Dh A zi Gari iaul)4 A\sS

= ri SENATE IN

180 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

PR ig AD my Ly ff NANA Mtthlbisewas pg lee

mel Sn TR AT JS o77 Ss MU 5°

“(They perform the works in connection with the “grain, and they embrace the god of wheat (NErRA) “which is eaten(?). Their grain becometh glorious in “the land through the light of Ra, when he appeareth, “and sendeth forth heat, and maketh his way by them. “The lord of joy of heart saith unto them :—‘ Let your “grain be glorious, and let the young shoots of your “grain germinate, and let your offerings be for Ra] “,… there…. Ra Let Neper germinate, and “let Sar (Osiris) be the source of food of the’ gods in “the Tuat……. Amenti…. behold, in the “fields of the Tuat.’ They gather together their grain, “and they say unto Ra’:— Let the fields of the Tuat be “green with young plants. May Ra shine upon thé “members of Sar (Osiris). When thou dost shine the “young plants come into being, O great god, thou “creator of the grain.’ Their offerings of food are of “grain, and their drink offerings are of tcheser, and “their libations are made with cool water. Offerings “are made unto them on the earth of the grain of the “fields of the Tuat.”

1 The words in brackets are supplied from Champollion, Notices, ii., p. 503.

THE REAPERS IN THE KINGDOM OF OSIRIS 181

Of the reapers it is said :—

“These are they who have their scythes, and who “reap the grain in their fields. Ra saith to them:— «¢Take ye your scythes, and reap ye your grain, for it “is granted to you…… your habitations, and to “ join yourselves [to] me in the Cirele of the Hidden “Forms. Hail to you, O ye reapers!’ Their food is of “bread, and their drink is of tcheser, and their libations “are made with cool water. Offerings are made unto “them upon carth as being those who hold scythes in “the fields of the Tuat.”

The text which describes the middle register of the Sixth Division as it appears in the tomb of Rameses VI. reads :—

ebm UY TT es, nro Nhl emithe vse o HN AB Sl erihe Ms rir rl | cei cid AUN (5 Qo SSS Ss amS VY Vom oe ta SPQ ey S5\Sc OAS Ah Ya

{2% JASe od Sh SES Ain SIMY S17 SAS M1 ERY BSA TMisaha lit Slee SJ AT AEs Ane

aa od 8 Ne

Mra gs AN RS ATS

ae S oe

mm —> | | |

D \Eo Xe we @ i op wm, nw wn

hoteenc Pes wn @ 6% | mam Pili or ert

ee Neh QSeali TT DKS ANS Ee ASISIY | LE RieSayt .

“This great god is being acl along by the gods of “the Tuat, and those who tow Ra along say :—’‘ Be

THE FETTERING OF THE WICKED 183

“exalted, O Aten (ic. Disk), who art at the head of Mago aud the Light, the head …. Look ye at the “abodes of the Tuat. Your eyes are to you, O gods, “obsorve ye Ra, the Power in Akert. This great god -* decreeth your destinies. This great god cometh forth “to the standards of Seb, which reckon up the enemies “after the weighing of words in Amentet. Behold, Sa “saith unto this god [when] he cometh forth to the “standards of Seb…… the head of Ra, the great “sod …. verily, get thee forth to the standards of “Seb. Tem saith unto the standards:—‘Keep ward “over the enemies, and bind ye fast those who are to “be smitten. O ye gods who are in the following of “the standards, and who are in the following of Seb, I “give ye power to bind fast the enemies, and to keep “ward over the wicked (or, those who ‘are to be “sinitten). Let them not come forth from under your “hands, let them not slip through your fingers. O ye “enemies, ye are doomed to slaughter, according to the “decree of Ra concerning you. His person is the body “of Akert, and he hath created the Tuat of his frame- “work. He hath issued the decree for you to be put “into restraint, he hath ordered your doom which shall “be wrought upon you in the great hall of Ra……. “the gods weep [and] lament, he setteth the gods “to ward you, and the enemies and those who are to “be smitten in the Tuat are condemned to these “ standards.’ ”

In the upper register are twelve gods, each of whom

184. SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

stands upright, and has the feather of Maat on his head, and twelve gods, each of whom stands upright, and has a large loaf on his head. These gods are de-

scribed as “ MAAaTI gods bearing Maat,” ee EANG| ai

a a>] — = f a, and the “HeErepriu gods bear-

ing provisions,” ag iN ji & a Sie nT obi.

The text reads :—

bo LEH lim Pelli

es PISO RST NST

A Xam a |

= mon ena LA) Vxaan

ery oe iia nO I a | D Eo TT a a nS TT SO Acgiemrese tI « oy |e Pas

RS che APM

pos, BS hs SS | 0

Pap — § § fo ie OFT ie tir il @ Pra Td!

oe Oe te Se

Pd tee WWE Ett bbb tees iiic=

A wn AAA Gill ie pale 4 J sm at moon | SS re TE aa a | == ww I It | = Ce ww

THE REWARD OF THE BLESSED 185

SA Sree oS TT 1d fs ISP ORS Mesmam AD dl Re SANS VY re de Fl ma Missi AS AB En It Sloat VAS Stem ke MiSs TUN Sm MB mrldS

WOES Eee <> ay = Nh. hom = gs Bk, 425 Me ced S

a | Pee ey I Rd nh be oittan los! Rem ike ISSA sb

—_ “xe TH

“ Offerings of incense to their gods, libations of cool “water to their doubles, and fillings of the mouth G tbca se by his sustenance afterwards by their offor- “ings of drink and their offerings of bread. Come

186 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“forth to them their gods and their doubles. Their “hands are to them, and they go to their cakes “through the pylon of ….. and to its gods. Sar “gaith unto them:—‘ Your bread is to you, [according “to] your utterances, and the peace cakes of Kheper, “and loaves of bread. Ye shall have the mastery over “your legs, and ye shall have satisfaction in your “hearts, and your gods shall present unto you your “Khenfu cakes and unto your doubles their provisions, “which consist of bread, and their drink, which shall “be of tcheser ale, and their libations shall be of cool “water, and offerings shall be made unto them upon “earth as the lord[s] of offerings in Amentet. For “they have done what was right whilst they were “upon earth, and they have fought on behalf of their “god, and they shall be called to the enjoyment of the “land of the House of Life with madé. That which “ig theirs by right shall be allotted to them:in the “presence of the Great God, who doeth away iniquity.’ “Then shall Osiris say unto them:—‘ Madt be to you, . “O ye Maar gods, and peace be unto you by reason of “what ye have done in following after me, O dwellers “in the House, the soul of which is holy. Ye shall “live your life upon that whereupon those who live “there feed, and ye shall have dominion over the cool “waters of your land. I have decreed for you that ye “shall have your being in all of it with madt, and “without sin (or, defects). Their bread jshall be maat “cakes, their drink shall be of wine, and their libations

THE HARVEST IN THE KINGDOM OF OSIRIS 187

“shall be of cool water. And there shall be offered “unto them upon earth the offerings which must be “made from their land.”

In the lower register are the figures of twelve men, each of whom tends a monster ear of corn (?), or a tree, under the superintendence of a god who lcans on a staff, and a group of reapers, each holding a sickle. The text, which is mutilated in places, reads :—

iN se cx ne a 2 PEGE SS

ag 9 He SPKho d= =s7\ aS ’ GY eo ari hy ZANIO a® |

—H— ) mm yyy ang 0 SO, F ae a Ono Vi ft yaw | | 1ZZZzZ: Llicc mm @!% 6 0 0 = (=o Zs) i avert aan AM | aw AW ri rr i@ IN EVO Mike woa‘%a Cx —— C—O ee F — ee AWA aay ww [awa sf Be rrr rifMe ret Ce ee ee ee GZ cc | LE— INZZ —=— HSS MS Mae WZZG mon | SI ZZicss “ZG <>

tA) Wel x ROAR 3 SADIYRE=S Wed

Shs Oy el nae Oo a

188 SIXTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

fe} Oe Soe mA PESTS ves e www | Lt RII! °

SQM LM Xs se AND at Ne Fi oid Lair 1s JS af Pr nr” “oe

i

= We ZZ- J NWN EZ

<=

Tt lawl tf Airman dha Na 0 |

|

I

sa MORIA IW a

ori EE Bi i pe a le a mera pee

RKEDEmi TAS ald P71 § MMI Xs.

“They perform their work in connection with the “grain, and they embrace (ie., cultivate) the divine “grain (or, NepRA), and the spirits feed wpon their “grain in the land of the god of light (Kivu), who “cometh forth and passeth by them, and [NeB-AuT-AB,

«mo fA %, Le., the Lord of joy of heart, saith unto

Wo “them mae Let your grain be glorious], and let your ears “of wheat germinate, and let your offerings be for Ra. “Your khenfwu cakes are in the Tuat, your offerings are “to you, the offerings which are yours by madé are

THE REAPERS IN THE KINGDOM OF OSIRIS 189

“decreed(?) for you. Herbs…… among you. BAR Gata .a ta germinate …… > and they say unto “Ta :—‘ Let plants spring up in the Fields of the Tuat, “and let Ra shine upon the members of Sar. When “thou dost shine the young plants come into being, “O great god, thou creator of the Ege.’ Their food “offerings are of grain, their drink is of tcheser ale, and “their libations are made with cool water. Offerings “are made unto them upon earth of the grain from the “Fields of the Tuat.”

Of the reapers it is said :—

“These are they who have their sickles and who “reap the grain in their Field. Ra saith unto them :— “*Take ye your sickles, and reap ye your grain, for it is “granted unto you. ….. your habitations, and to “join yourselves to the Circle of the Hidden of Forms. “Hail to you, O ye reapers!’ Their food is of bread- “cakes, and their drink is of tcheser ale, and their “libations are made with cool water. Offerings are “made unto them upon earth as being those who reap “the grain in the Fields of the Tuat.”

( 190 )

CHAPTER IX. THE GATE OF AKHA-EN-MAAT. Tue SEVENTH DIVISION oF THE TUAT.

‘Tue boat of the Sun having passed through the Sixth Division of the Tuat arrives at the gateway which leads to the SeventH Drvision. This gateway is similar to that which guards the Sixth Division, and is guarded by nine gods, who are described as the

M3 ; at the entrance to the

“Seventh Company,” 8 corridor, and at its oxit, Sani a bearded god, with arms hidden, the former being called SHEPI, a QQ ox, and the latter HEQEs (?), aeate and each is said to

extend his arms and hands to Ra. The corridor is swept by flames of fire as before. The gateway is

called PEsTIT, =~ Ql 2, and the text says, “This aa

“great god cometh to this gateway, and entereth in “through it, and the gods who are therein acclaim him,”

alld. Sle lezles SEN. SITE Bal

THE SERPENT AKHA-EN-MAAT IQI

Part of the text of the speech which the nine

gods make to Ra is broken away, but what remains reads, “Open the secret places, open the holy pylons,

“and unfold the hidden portals, a DUS == aie = Se ——)

fie See 11 ~ | oo a The monster

serpent which stands on his tail and guards the gate- way is called AkHA-EN-MAAT, a=. and the two lines of text which refer to his admission of Ra read, “He who is over this door openéth to Ra. Sa saith to “ AKHA-EN-MAAT!;—‘ Open thy gate to Ra, unfold thy “doors to Kuvrtt, that he may send light into the “thick darkness and may make his radiance illumine “the hidden habitation.’ This door is shut after the great “god hath passed through it, and there is lamentation “to those who are in this gateway when they hear this “door close upon them.” A portion of the text is mutilated, but it can be restored with certainty.?

In the middle of this Division we see the boat of Ra being towed on its way by four gods of the Tuat; the god is in the same form as before, and stands in a shrine enveloped by MEHEN. Sa stands in the bows and HEKA at the stern. The text relating to the god reads :—

pane AT Viies Kel eB

a~—t 1 Var., 4 WW, Axna-nra.

2 See Lefébure, Mémoires, tom. ii., part ii., pl. 11 #.-

Ig2

SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

De COREE AR CASS 90% 20.08 20o ais! #22, On 35 ESET PLA Ps Sy bed Fragment of the Seventh Division of the Tuat, from the Cover of the Sarcophagus of Seti I.

g Sent ti Fragments of the Scenes and Texts of the Seventh Division of the Tuat, from the Sarcophagus of Seti I.

194 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TFUAT

WT Se SSSith ld Wee eAN Now mom ‘Trio il G&S. ere Al pea |

<b” RREVSS

A mh “Nh AN

The Boat of Ra being towed through the Seventh Division of the Tuat by the gods thereof,

mbierdS bo = ese Or.

=r

“The gods of the Tuat tow along this great god, and “they say unto Ra:—‘ Thou art towed along, O great “god, lord of the hours, who dost work on behalf of “those who are under the earth.’ The gods have life “in his attributes, and the spirits look upon his forms. “And Ra saith unto them:—‘ There is magical protec- “tion to you, O ye who tow, and there is holiness to

GODS WHOSE HANDS AND ARMS ARE HIDDEN 195

“you, O ye who tow and bring me into the nethermost “parts of the Tuat, tow ye me along until [ye arrive] “at the chambers (?), and take ye your stand upon the “hidden mountain of the horizon.”

In front of the divine towers of the boat march :—

1. Twelve bearded gods, the AMENNU-AAIU-KHERU- SHETAU, whose hands and arms are hidden; they are described as “hidden of hands and arms and possessing

hiddenness,” \— 8 ‘S {i- [~— A erat

(—– I

The text relating to them se. —

mallee itera ers = NS ad eee mn de SE iN Fas Mira bed ariperiel Rib

pea Te Scent a | awe Tt a awww A & —ag! se

AEST TIL SO

196“ SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

al sos SIRS Az RAB hos row INS se athe [} nurs

“These are they who possess the hiddenness (or, who “hold the mystery) of this great god. Verily those “who are in the Tuat see him, and the dead see him, “who burn in Het-Benben (or, the temple of Ra), and “they come forth to the place where is the body of this “god. Ra saith unto them:—‘ Receive ye my forms, “and embrace ye your hidden forms (or, mysteries). “Ye shall be in Het-Benben, the place where my body “is, The hiddenness which is in you is the hiddenness “of the Tuat, and cover ye your arms therewith. And “they say unto Ra:—‘ Let thy soul be in heaven, at “the head of the horizon, let thy shadow penetrate “the hidden place, and let thy body be to the earth ; “as for the upper regions of the sky we ascribe Ra “thereto. ..-.. Fulfil thou thyself, and take thou “thy place [with] thy body in the Tuat.’ Their food “consisteth of offorings of every kind whereby souls “become content, and offerings are made unto them “upon earth by reason of the sight of the light in the “Tuat.”

2. Hight bearded gods, the NETERU-ETI, who stand

GODS WHOSE HANDS AND ARMS ARE HIDDEN 197

The Twelve Gods whose hands and arms arc hidden,

198 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

upright, with their hands hanging “by their sides, and are described as “the gods of the temples,” TH [Je \ ot and eight gods, the Sznnu, who stand

upright, with their arms held straight together in front of them, at a little distance from their bodies. The text which refers to them reads :—

BR TT SP Wm wd dn > DNDN mize Must my PAL, wen A oe J oS Veo BENT toned SPE KF Plier dt Si Ps Spo TlHMgTh eH NFR Te 9 % PS °° Dial OT er SUT dh A

ae Se PLN SER EWAS Rm

hic 11 No Wt do

wird Son Wt | a Co NG

200 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

a son et | oa | ~~ = aN | AA <2 rere rys ie oe Q mitt ! AS Sw CT @ eS TTT | pepe a ,— a nw Iti loa aww Rawr TE ld

“These are they who are outside Het-Benben, and “they see Ra with their eyes, and they enter into his “secret (or, hidden) images; that which is theirs is “apportioned, and the SENNU gods bring it. [And Ra] “saith unto them:—‘ My offerings (or, provisions) are “from your offerings, and my nourishment is from “your nourishment which is to you, O ye who are in “my secret places. I protect my secret things which “are in Het-Benben. Hail to you! Your souls live, “and their offerings are the offerings of KHutTI’ Tuati “saith unto them :—‘O ye gods who dwell in the Tuat, “who are in the divine [places] of the governor . of “Ament, to whom what is their due is given upon “their ground, who lie down upon their own lands, “your own flesh is to you, ye have gathered together “your bones, ye have knit together your members, and “ye have collected your flesh. There are, moreover, “sweet winds to your nostrils, ye have girded on your “apparel, and ye have put on your wigs. a

In the upper register are :—

1. Twelve gods, the KHERU-METAU[H], each of whom holds a stake or weapon, forked at one end; they are described as “those who hold the metau weapons,”

Lal

THE KHERU-METAUH GODS 20

ri | ie = iN ASSEN The text relating to

these reads :—

cane O SRS h DLS pe Pa ro = nha’

=a ASE Wt Te Of fe tN oo BEM Aes SAMOS aS Tie east oT AS Ri Bel SS rae A

I STeoid tes

“Ra saith unto them:—‘Receive ye your metauh “ weapons, and take ye them with you. Hail to you, “(go against] the serpent fiend MAmu; hail to you, “make ye gashes in him when the heads appear from

202° SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“out of him, and turn ye him backwards.’ They say “unto Rai:— Our metauk weapons in our hands are for “Ra [and against] Mamu, and we will make gashes in “the great and evil Worm. O Ra, do away the heads “when they come forth from the windings of the “serpent Kueti.’ These are the gods who are in the “(Boat of Ra], and they repulse Apep in the sky, and “they travel through the Tuat. It is their duty to

The Kheru-Metath Gods,

“turn back Apep on behalf of Ra in Amentet and the “places of the Tuat. And this god allotteth to them “ their provisions of bread, and their beer is the tchesert “drink, and their libations are of cool water, and “offerings are made to them upon earth because they “yepulse the Enemy of Ra in Amentet.”

2. The gods KiERU-AMU-PERERU-TEPU-EM-QEBU-F, and the monster serpent SEBA-ApEP, the body of which is held

THE GODS OF STAKES 203

The Kheru-Metauh Gods,

up above the ground by twelve bearded gods, who are described as “ those who have food when the heads appear

from his folds,” fi Ss > 4) = » A mf

r1 1. Twelve human heads grow out from his body, Ho

7 aw. ND

The Kheru-Metauh Gods.

204 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

the first appearing from his head, and the other eleven from his back. The text which relates to them reads :—~

oes Tee aes won SO sid am All wlSe

al i a eee Livia Oss NES es makode Ss TiN Mia Bll Price ot Tt Dye dtl SP iN Pane ee

Oo AA

tt tt ten 8 TT a ae

aa eee | =. eel Thm

Oo eos ae I

eatery

te AVIS Cn ie

i \ ae “These are they who are the adversaries of his “two-fold evil, and who overthrow the enemies of Ra, “and it is their duty to seize the SeBA-Fiend when he “maketh heads to come forth from him. [Ra] saith to

THE SERPENT SEBA-APEP 205

“them:—‘Turn ye back SeBj, make ye to go back- “wards ApeP when the heads appear from out of him, “and let him perish.’ [Ra] ordereth for him his “destruction. ‘O heads, ye shall be eaten, ye shall be “eaten, ye shall be consumed, when ye come forth from ‘him.’ Ra ordereth for them when they come forth “that they shall be consumed (or, swallowed up) [in] “their folds when he journeyeth to them, and that the “heads shall retreat within their folds) The Worm “ HEFAU shall be without eyes, and he shall be without “his nose, and he shall be without his ears, and he “shall exist upon his roarings, and he shall live upon “that which he himself uttereth. The food [of these “ gods] consisteth of the offerings [which are made to “them] upon earth.”

. An upright, bearded sianaiea form called Qan,

aes, Rie To the neck of this figure are attached two

ropes, which are twisted together symmetrically, and are grasped by twelve bearded men with both hands. Each god stands within a loop formed by the two ropes, and has a star before him. The gods are described as

“ those who hold the rope which cometh forth …… ‘i in % & —)_, Ca¢gZy | mw © —>777Y, Before the figure <— | www GU 2

are the words pom 4J Ks TN Xm,

The text reads :—

ioe Wo lS RATS

206 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Ro

AWA Dated ila i. we AL BASU aAnare/s,

nail inary: aur | om NN aS san SE i | rm Spel

4

bea nt

wiEwi

The Serpent Seba- -Apep, with the twelve human heads which grow out of his body and his twelve attendant gods,

THE SERPENT SEBA-APEP 207

= “e. 2° @- ra ry ors ee eee

e * woe watt tS Stee wok 8 e RP Shenae wists. “es °.2 te Stee . >

eet, oa eS 8 ole Sets? ee Re ee es Naas CORCn Vv % 6

. e.e e bee Owe = he ee ee ee ee Bee bee Bek 0 Se ee ee Oe ee ee Om ve PP he ee Te ee ° me area? 2 Shee ar eee es eS 2 ve i]

The Serpent Seba-Apep, with the twelve human heads which grow out of his body and his twelve attendant gods,

208 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

NVA an a wn WM <> [ i keowe | Phila OBwi peel ne

adeIJ2vERedslld WHS ee DA Dee

° di

cenk ores

The god Qené, and the gods who hold the rope,

all Ae i EDLs [iba ttt

rf”

AN és awn aed Ve Wed nw

“The Enemy of Ra cometh forth from the Tuat. “ Offerings shall be made unto the gods of that whereby “T exist under the trees. Seize ye the rope, and tie ye

QENA AND THE GODS WHO HOLD THE ROPE 209

5 Seer ete e te 2 we * sre “ofee ee cet 4% m0 8" v6 Sent, Bceter

The gods who hold the rope.

“therewith the mouth of AQEN. Your hours ‘come “forth, and there is benefit to you therein. Rest ye “upon your throne[s], and let the rope enter into the “mouth of the god Agen when he cometh to the place

TRB |

The gods who hold the rope. VOL. II. ° P

210 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“where the hours are born; Ra crieth out, and it “resteth in its place, and it maketh an end of ANEQ. “They say unto Ra:—‘The god Nag is tied up with “the rope, the hours of the gods(?) are to thee, O Ra, “with light. Rest thou and thy hidden body ….. g “Their provisions of loaves of bread are to them, their “beer is tchesert, and their libations are of cool water, “and offerings are made to them upon earth.”

In the lower register are :—

1. A god, standing, and leaning upon a long staff; his name is TuATI, ma ae

nw 2. The serpent NEHEP, -a’n? the

long body of which is made to serve as biers for twelve gods in mummied form; the serpent’s body is. provided with twenty-four legs of lions, and a mummied god rests over each pair of them. These gods are described as “those who

are in the body of Osiris asleep,” +S! meee i

ese qd iS ? and “those who are in inactivity,”

TP ee Ui.

3. Four gods, each with his arms stretched straight together before him at an acute angle with his body.

The legend reads, khast-ta-rut “> (| . Age ON:

The god Tuati.

2Ir

THE TWELVE SLEEPING GODS

poh

The gods who are asleep in the body of Osiris.

fife:

ATA

el:

oo" ec ee etree e one oe Meet da >,

or e 71?

The gods who are usleep in the body of Osiris,

Agodin , The serpent in the round Four Khast-ta-rut Gods, mummied form, pool of fire.

214 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

4, Four gods. 5. A serpent within a circle filled with water.

6. A god in mummied form.

The text relating to these reads :—

Pe ATT A eS OES oD Sep Alar aun TSR LE ia

ho ur (ld a a a Pt lt wl ra 44a} pre rtiu

fl eed arise PUN ES Fal Pr

9. IAPS TE Pir ON ea tek NN SAS Hh Guat SST NG COO TT my at rem WLS lS soe Sle ee sori) & ARENT SRS

eee genre

THE TWELVE SLEEPING GODS, ETC. 215

mate tre oe rm UN Be ec aloe bl of

ons AE @ SPR aoe

Nay | alti <> F| —— _SwwwH AS

ras oom. Soo = ee eal

ot4 SL aA»d

2 1Ld jun’

Soh SIS, TED Too mete Neo RAE MLAM ASS 21 en Bn YS GF WLS MASP RNS oe NES dered iLL OO ee eee ae wen Thee Pe coal PE NS one TOE TASS Jol

Hin) een Bs) =e iat a PT ae | NOL ek NO So AVS See

NES ts Ay Das AD ate

Ildi dl | oii tt <> anak me

= Waters ING Seas oe ES SO PAAR ES 2 oP oe kel bn Lemma k Ne eitnay ma MASI SYK men Tm

enh ——— Ve At —aollire2 Wil! aillitl = | 2 ill | anoon wren See (] Mae

=o! mw Fob | aa A |

rtdo vie aeiise) Meo

wn IS Veto

“The god Tuati saith unto them :— Hail, O ye gods

THE SERPENT NEHEP, ETC. 217

“who are over the Tuat, ye gods who dwell in this “fplace] of the governor of Ament, who abide per- “manently on your places, and who lie down upon “your couches, lift up the flesh of your bodies, and “gather together your bones, and gird up your “members, and bring’ ye into one place your flesh! “There is sweet (or, fresh) air for your nostrils. Loose “and take off your funeral swathings, untie and remove “your wigs, unclose your eyes and look ye at the light “therewith, rise ye up from out of your inert and “helpless state, and take possession yourselves of your “fields in Sekhet-nebt-hetepu (ie., Field, lord of offer- “ings). There are fields for you in this Field, and the “waters thereof are for you. Let your offering be “there, [and] fields from Nebt-hetepu.’ Their libations “shall be of water. It is the serpent NEHEP who “giveth their bodies [and] their souls, and they journey “on to Sexuet-Aaru to have dominion over their “libations, and to walk over the earth. They count “up their flesh, their food is of bread-cakes, and “their drink is of écheserét ale, and their libations “are of. water. Offerings are made unto them upon “earth as [unto] the god Sau, who resteth upon his “ ground.”

“These are they who are in the circuit of this pool. “There is a serpent living in this pool, and the water “of the pool is of fire, and the gods of the earth and “the souls of the earth cannot descend thereto by “reason of the flames of fire of this serpent. This

218 SEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“great god who is the governor of the Tuat liveth “in the water of this pool.”

And Ra saith unto them :—‘“Hail to you, O ye gods “who guard this holy pool, give ye yourselves to him “that is the Governor of Aukert. The water of this “pool is Osiris, and this water is Knenti-Tuat. This “flame consumeth and destroyeth the souls which dare “to approach Osiris, and the awe of this pool cannot “be done away, or made an end of, or overcome. As “for the gods who keep ward over its waters, their “food is bread, and their drink is tchesert ale, and “their libations are of water. Offerings are made unto “them upon earth as unto Tert in Amentet, lord of “offerings. There are fields for you in this Field, “and the waters thereof are for you. Let your offer- “ings be there [and] fields from Nebt-hetepu. Their “libations shall be of water. It is the serpent NEHEP “who giveth their bodies [and] their souls, and they “journey into SEKHET-AarU to have dominion over “their libations, and to walk on the earth. They “count up their limbs, their food is of bread-cakes, and “their drink is of tchesert ale, and their libations are “of water. Offerings are made unto them upon earth “as unto Sa, who resteth upon his ground.

“These are they who are in the circuit of this pool. “There is a serpent living ……

( 219 )

CHAPTER X. THE GATE OF SET-HRA.

THE EicHtH DIvIsiIon oF THE Tuar. HAVING passed through the Seventh Division of the Tuat, the boat of the Sun arrives at the gateway called BEKHKHI, Is S QQ f, (J, which leads to the E1cuTu

DIvIsIov, or, as the opening text reads : — ae Wn

Std abe ate hele! r ENS iss ie ee eeeak eee

“cometh forth to this gate, and entereth through it, “and the gods who are therein acclaim this great god.” The gateway is like that through which the god passed into the previous Division, and its outwork is guarded by nine gods in the form of mummies, who are described as the Paut, i.e., the company of the nine gods, 9 i a, At the entrance to the gate proper stands a bearded, mummied form, with his hands folded on his breast,

called BENEN, J 3 and at its exit stands a similar

form called HeEprty, g im a UNE each of these is said

220 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT to “extend his arms and hands to Ra,” a ne

a Po 2. The corridor is swept by flames of fire, which proceed from the mouths of two uraei, as before.

The company of the gods who guard the outwork address Ra, and say, “Come thou to us, O thou who “art at the head of the horizon, O thou great god “who openest hidden places, open for thyself the ged

‘ pylons, and unfold the doors thereof,” NA, hi |

aA ew |

‘oa bMS Sle

AOA MO al The monster serpent, which om SS

stands on his tail and guards the door, is called Ser-nrA, ue e and the two lines of text which refer to his

admission of Ra read, “He who is over this door “openeth to Ra. Sa saith unto SetT-HrA:—Open thy “gate to Ra, unfold thy portal to KuuTI, so that he | “may illumine the thick darkness, and may send light “into the hidden abode. This gate closeth after the “great god hath passed through it, and the souls who “are on the other side of it wail when they hear the

uD XO |

www UI © WT ww SS) — mw Se Asse SIS Ne

SPY | ae SSO eo) ee

“ door teens upon them,”

a ue = pea arate é

7 Pui Fl aiepisbrarece a eeeusSeceercescestb ev cvaessceses NE oma ¢ 1A

The gate of the Serpent Set-hra.

AI STE ie ith Hie Se TH

I:

222 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

ds leon ae eee NF]! SS | |

4A lawn la © <> I I heen f

Poo dO.

i | In the 5 middle of the Division we see the boat of

Ra being towed on its way by four gods of the Tuat,

• A Se the god is in the same form as before,

and Sa stands on the look-out, and Heka obeys his instructions as to the steering. At the head of the

RVlS; ER frers @4e Sie ae

The Boat of Ra being:towed through the Eighth Division offthe Tuat by the gods thereof, four gods who tow the boat stands an aged god, who leans on a long staff, and is called “He who dwelleth

in Nu,” ++ IN naa Immediately in front of the

divine procession is a long tank, wherein we see four groups, each containing four beings, who are repre-

sented in the act of performing various evolutions in

im | the water. These are called Herpiu, =U qd » 1,

Axw, 5 QQ >. Nusiv, pam | Qq Sh |,and KHEPAU,

THE GODS OF THE WATERS 223

§ Cc : QO Ad, iat which names may be translated

“ Bathers, Floaters, Swimmers, and Divers.” The text which refers to this section reads :—

Fe ha a idiehilenit a ie SIN ESN ol NI

=e i(hIZS2h— (MIS TE SADE ION

Hz) DB - 085 —a pa a et | A ror

ZS Wie class, po Sawer tle Nes or et SEY WS tS JN PAS ee ee NS PS See Si (P= eS pl Soa OR rm OLS TS re lV Fra

ca © @~les fu OE em a hae or Seat Mie an cea $ |

224 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

ls Wok Rost ad? 1 eons a

moO Neageres ohee S

= TOF Aa a nw " Pere tame Lr te OM mm aN mw HAIL bh dt bee nw MT dt ee

TRUM SINSES RA

= —— “Tit, | >See AWWA ww Kg An

ee as eles Cas ANE ee TENT DSS! baa lade i=mAr ome AK

re

The first section of this text reads :-—

This great god is towed along by gods of the Tuat, and behold, those who tow Ra along say, “ Let there be “praise in heaven to the soul of Ra, and let there be “ praise on earth to his body, for heaven is made young “by means of his soul, and earth is made young by “means of his body. Hail! We open for thee the “hidden place, and we make straight for thee the roads “of Akert. Be thou at peace, O Ra, with thy hidden “things, O thou who art praised [by] thy secret things “in thy forms (or, attributes). Hail! We tow thee

THE GODS OF THE WATERS 225

“along, O Ra, we guide thee, O thou who art at-the “head of heaven, and thou comest forth to those who “are immersed in the waters, and thou shalt make thy “ way over them.”

The passage which refers to the aged god reads :—

“ He (literally, those) who is in Nu saith to those “who are immersed in the water, and to those who are “swimming in the pools of water, ‘Look ye at Ra; who “journeyeth in his boat, [for he is] Great of Mystery,

SSS ws

2 p

ee Fe Me ff Se ey bee A Se rn ee aT yeasEdy a ie Vines A 10 ee — – “i wey od sn potas 77] AK fy, KK i ik ‘ee mus aOR Baa Canine 30 _ The Four os Gods, and the Four Akin Gods,

“Tt is he who ordereth the destinies (or, affairs) of the “gods, it is he who performeth (or, maketh) the plans “of the Khu (ie. the spirits), Hail! Rise up,O ye “beings of time, pay ye heed to Ra, for it is he who “ordereth your destinies,’ ”

The speech of Ra reads :—

“Put forth your heads, O ye who are immersed in “the water, thrust out your arms, O ye who are under “the waters, stretch out your legs, O ye who swim, let “there be breath to your nostrils, O ye who are deep VOL. IL Q-

226 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“in the waters. Ye shall have dominion over your “waters, ye shalt be at peace in your tanks of cool “waters, ye shall pass through the waters of Nu, and ye “shall make a way through your cisterns. Your souls “are upon earth, and they shall be satisfied with their “means of subsistence, and they shall not suffer destruc- “tion. Their food shall consist of the offerings of the “earth, and meat and drink shall be given unto them “upon earth, even as to him that hath obtained dominion

i. of TA —y —— 1

(“i

tna oe es i Das

co nn

The Four Nubiu Gods, and the Four Khepau Gods,

Rio

) Vs

“over his offerings upon earth, and whose soul is not “upon the earth. Their food shall consist of bread, “and their drink shall be tchesert wine, and their ‘cisterns shall be full of cool water, and there shall be “offered unto them upon earth of that which this lake “produceth.”

In the upper register are the following :—

1. Twelve bearded gods, who stand with their arms hanging by their sides, and are described as the “ divine “sovereign chiefs who give the bread which hath been

THE TCHATCHAU AND THE SOULS OF SERSER 227 .

“allotted and green herbs to the souls who are in the Ho allie

oA Sti > eS eee

“Lake of SERSER (ie., blazing fire),” ih ions

1 3o<e

RARAA ARRIBA

Tho Tchatchau who give the bread of Maat,

ote PAL) ‘eere a ae . Syeee Aes) ee BEAGHROHE og 24 o%t o® arene ° i) — e ete tees

Sian: RR SS A lo) 1 4S Si 6 Aen fn ——- aS parry § q ott Peedi ae Pmaso, nen: =¢ | en ie (Sade ! pe Se + Lerteeed ; fomter: e OE Awa we ae a Aven AMAA erin pt tthe

if le Qo 4 sf a Sctateo Sa jaan non ae

1

i

¥ ley

aS r ven iE ts Osi. ~ = Foe oe ae fi if ees man Say Aas oe

Se = 9, “ley t eyt

Souls who are in the Lake of Serser,

2. Nine bearded, human-headed and human-handed hawks, which stand with their hands raised in adora- tion; before each is a loaf of bread, &, and a few

228 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

green herbs, UY. These are described as the “souls

“who are in the Lake of Serser,” AN QQ > | I++} | hh

cw —_—— Ln <>

3. A god, who holds a sceptre in his right hand, and

• in his left,

The texts which relate to these read :—

2 MNT & TRESS

nw Ze \ mS al AT flea ee Id ats

So NTR SEAS a= Ni SAG SA Weeds Uy SoS 1X ts x ==(Le Le US SAT Se INMSPEls Solas

PEI HESCR SNS

oa wo tae end

atlltt | <> &| eS Rah => -— ook Ee

Ndnie { ee eliy i ae

THE SOULS OF SERSER 229

oe a ae eens Cg Cs Ver? 2 Ligegs pr nar

SS vee No 7 ==” [e TS:

wate accor he oF Pte Sasa ‘Co ee LS rey ip Set Tia a ee ea = NE ow =O — a || Se a ea © 4 OA OX Wl ots TTS 1 Hl =a CI WA a) SS | eS ee a — 1s _, <> = a WH ww ed = eo Oa TX,€, Ss a @ = oy aa Sh SO DFE wr Wl <> ww ——— ee NG a oui eubenaatl “Ol —t, Aw rw eS ee ON Vv | awn Sal | ooo parr = mn i oe | 2 1! aww | Loo awa ,—0 1 | |

a NG Ee ee

The portion of the text which refers to the twelve sovereign chiefs reads :—

“These are they who make souls to have’a right to “the green herbs in the Lake of Serser. Ra saith “unto them:—‘[Hail, ye] divine sovereign princes of “the gods, and ye chiefs of the Lake of Serser, who “place souls over their green herbs, let them have

230 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“dominion themselves over their bread; give ye your “bread which is appointed, and bring ye your green “herbs to the souls who have been ordered to exist “in the Lake of Serser.’ They say unto Ra:—‘The “bread appointed hath been and the green herbs have “been brought to the divine souls whom thou hast “ordered to exist in the Lake of Serser. Hail! Verily, “ the way is fair; for Kuenti-AMENTI praiseth thee, “and those who dwell in TA-THENEN praise thee.’ Their “food is of bread-cakes, and their beer is the tchesert “beer, and their libations are of cool water; and “offerings are made unto them upon earth by those “who are with(?) Tul by the divine sovereign princes.”

The passage which refers to the souls in the Lake of Serser reads :— ;

“These are they who are in the Land of Serser ; “they have received their bread, and they have gained “the mastery over this Lake, ‘and they praise this’ “great god. Ra saith unto them:—‘Eat ye your “green herbs, and satisfy ye yourselves with your “cakes; let there be fulness to your bellies, and satis- “faction to your hearts, Your green herbs are of “the Lake of Serser, the Lake which may not be “approached. Praise ye me, glorify ye me, for I am “the Great One of terror of the Tuat, They say “unto Ra:—‘ Hail to thee, O thou Great One of the “ SEKHEMU (ie., Powers)! Praise is thine, and majesty “is thine. The Tuat is thine, and [is subservient] to “thy will; -it is a hidden place [made] by thee for

THE BURNT ENEMIES OF OSIRIS “231

“those who are in its Circles. The height of Heaven “is thine, and [is subservient] to thy will; it is a “secret place [made] by thee for those who belong “thereto. The Earth is for thy dead Body, and the “Sky is for thy Soul. O Ra, be thou at peace (or, be “content) with that which thou hast made to come “into being. Their food consisteth of bread-cakes, “their green herbs are the plants of the spring, and “the waters wherein they refresh themselves are cool”

Souls who are in the Lake of Serser. A god with a sceptre,

“Offerings are made unto them upon the earth as “ [being] the product of this Lake of Serser.”

-In the lower register are :—

1. Horus [the Aged], in the form of a bearded man, leaning upon a staff.

2. Twelve bearded beings, who are described as the

Pet wis”? x RPO Lh burnt — of Osiris, pom \ OO iJ > mn » fd ls The first four have their arms tied

232 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

behind their back in such a way that the right hand projects at the left side, and the left hand at the right side. The second four have their hands tied together at the elbows, and the upper parts of the arms are at right angles to their shoulders. The third four have their arms tied together at the elbows, and their elbows are on a lower level than their shoulders.

3. A monster speckled serpent, which lies in undu- lations immediately in front of the enemies of Osiris,

The wee el an Soe aS BetstSy! 2H. ae =

ri

Horus the Aged. . The Burnt Enemies of Osiris,

and belches fire into the face of their leader; the name of this serpent is KHETI, Sie (). In each undulation

stands a bearded god in mummied form, and the hieroglyphics written above as them as “the

gods who are above KHETI, zi ics uae | Pe \ The text reads :— <> tz 2 MI paca

nen 1S ee ee ce

THE ENEMIES OF OSIRIS 233

@ i}

[Ma ailnal lncixan oe ikem a

mrs Their 2 - SIT Pim FS (Tie TADS ‘Nii —

ae 4 ee SEPA om. MONS-S2IP — HS UNS Sm OSES NS Plea = Wire Wo mY SE [) we DS e Mees SB PSE Me

Thr «< oO — nr <—— a)

Nia oo Sees el Sole SS J l= 20 rors eM er ellen, —

SMO eS th Ld Se

234 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

pe = Tne”) Sees NR

sinh Sama elt-e

oe a PN Ri. as

ake ca we x= itil oa a i SAH i St => at a Ibe PPA we. En FE (SOMES: EE] KG eo Pa a | SS TEN le ticil ms bears t “[This scene ar sl aN “what Horus doeth for his ey “father Osiris. The enemies fey 4209 : “who are in this scene have we [ESS Rests “their calamities ordered for orca 14! 0 4 “them by Horus, who saith - wet els SG iH “unto them:—‘Let there be as § j “fetters on your arms, O Semwed ey “enemies of my father, let NY “ your arms be tied up towards

“your heads, O ye who have ie by “no [power], yeshall be fettered

Suir C “{with your arms] behind you, AFeuAS “O ye who are hostile to Ra. HIVES & “Ye shall be hacked in pieces,

1ASUE S

THE SERPENT KHETI 235

“ye shall nevermore have your being, your souls shall “be destroyed, and none [of you] shall live because of “what ye have done to my father Osiris; ye have “put [his] mysteries behind your backs, and ye have “dragged out the statue [of the god] from the secret “place. The word of my father Osiris is mad¢t against . “you, and my word is maat against you, O ye who “have desecrated (literally, laid bare) the hidden things “which concern the rest (or, resting-place) of the Great “One who begot me in the Tuat. O ye shall cease to “exist, ye shall come to an end.’”

“ Horus saith :—‘[O] my serpent Kuet, thou Mighty “Fire, from whose mouth cometh forth this flame “which is in my Eye, whose undulations are guarded “by [my] children, open thy mouth, distend thy jaws, “and belch forth thy fires against the enemies of my _ “father, burn thou up their bodies, consume their “souls by the fire which issueth from thy: mouth, “and by the flames which are in thy body. My “divine children are against them, they destroy “[their] spirits, and those who have come forth from “me are against them, and they shall never more “exist. . The fire which is in this serpent shall come “forth, and shall blaze against these enemies whenso- “ever Horus decreeth that it shall do so.’ Whosoever “knoweth how to use words of power [against] this “serpent shall be as one who doth not enter upon his “fiery path.”

The end of thi’ text on the sarcophagus of Seti I. is

236 EIGHTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

defective, but from the tomb of Rameses VI. we see that it should end thus:—“ Offerings shall be made “to these gods who are upon this great serpent. Their “food is of bread, their drink is of fesher beer, and the “waters of their libations are cool.”

( 237 )

CHAPTER XI. THE GATE OF AB-TA. Tue NINTH Division oF THE TUAT.

Havine passed through the Eighth Division of the Tuat, the boat of the sun arrives at the gateway called

somo : AAT-SHEFSHEFT, © || x=, Which leads to the Nintu Divisioy, or, as the opening text reads: > | :

vom at SE om OSS

WWM onal) <> Co ww Ga CT a os

hp es aes a) pee

awn eto ww ce IE a eS wr | I “This great god cometh to this gate, and entereth “through it, and the gods who are therein acclaim this “great god.” The gateway is like that through which the god passed into the previous Division, and its outwork is guarded by nine gods in the form of mummies, who are described as the PAUvt, ie. the

company of the nine gods, ail a, At the entrance

to the gate proper stands a bearded, mummied form, with his hands folded on his breast, called Anuerta,

q i, and at its exit stands a similar form

ANIA

238 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

vy) cach of these is said to

te sie his arms and hands to Ra,” . ae ; K UV oO 1 \

wa ae tom IR. The corridor is swept by

called ERMEN-TA,

‘flames of fire, anak aoe from the mouths of two uraei, as before. The company of the gods who guard the outwork address Ra, and say, “ Come thou to us, O “thou who art the head of the horizon, O thou great “god who openest the secret places, open for thyself “the holy pylons, and unfold for thyself the holy doors

« thereof,” NN AS aya ii]Vo

FOR WWW o> ee eee tom — 1. The | 2s ac pris,

Epa serpent which stands on his tail th guards

the door is called Ax-ra, ae x? and the two lines,

of text which refer to his Pete of Ra read, “He “who is over this door openeth to Ra. Sa saith unto « A-Ta, ‘Open thy gate to Ra, unfold thy portal to | “Kuuti, so that he may illumine the thick darkness, “and may send light into the hidden abode.’ This gate “closeth after this god hath passed through it, and the “souls who are on the other side of it wail when they to Ur <&, 9 Geo Tm Am. © WW = &, &k SO eo. or = Oy

HN \N Wu Cel i awn a mw @ W

Ie PhO SHITE SSIs

“hear this door closing upon them,” Ss NA

The Gate of Ab-ta,

7 (eS Nest (elles bie Si He

240 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT Uae jc she NH an Tr ww a 4 A <> » Peer NS Ne ww LI I I Thr

In the middle of the Division we see the boat of Ra being towed on its way by four gods of the Tuat,

kQy 43. the god is in the same formas before,

Auf Tee 2 R ays aches

= Se ;

i PAD v3 I (0 sins

ROARS eee ie

The Boat of Af-Ra in the Ninth Division of the Tuat,

and Sa stands on the look-out, and Hexa obeys his instructions as to steering. The procession which marches in front of the boat consists of :—

1. Six bearded male figures, standing upright, who hold in their hands the ends of a rod, or rope, which is bent in the shape of a bow over their heads; these are described as “those who are over the words of

maples” “Jams BRUM |

THE GODS WHO CAST SPELLS 24t

2. Four dog-headed apes, which hold a rod bent as already described; these are described as “those who

work magic by means of knots for Ra,” ostgge QQ iS | ©.

3. Four women, who stand upright, and hold a bent

avi: Sal as

SSSI! thd

The spearmen, Aai, Shosshes and Apep,

rod, or rope, over their heads like the four apes and

the six male figures; they are described as “those who

work magic by means of knots for Ra,” sttge Q 7 ©. 4, Three male figures, each holding a harpoon in

VOL. I. : R

242 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

his right hand, and a cord in his left; they are called

“spearmen,” 4 JJ iS \ A . Immediately in

front of these is a bearded male figure, who has been lying prostrate on his face; he has upon his head a small solar disk and a pair of ass’s ears, and his name is Aat, TKN QQ, ie, the Ass. In his hands he grasps a rope, which passes over his head and along his . back, and is held by each of the three spearmen in his left hand; from the knees upwards his body is raised in a diagonal position, and this attitude suggests that he has either raised himself by means of the rope, or has been pulled into this position by the spearmen. Facing the Ass are:—1. The monster serpent ApEp,

a? and 2. The crocodile SHESSHES, om (los (),

with a tail ending in the head of a serpent. The text, which refers to the whole of this section, reads :—

a “ee y drt a

oN aap ah Penh leer era To 2S 2S Pallet

Sem

DEFEAT OF APEP 243

NO NG cp) | es tee OoO0ow <> Cosa wv4Alll

Q *~ Qa aa | a ? bee —— XQ « awn ns __f

MM qeaAewe tli Ba Ss

eh alea ti aye Ne UTR Le SS oo $l NO ne Lod eS IDUNSU-SS IP AA mI OU Nm PAHAS TT ONS Fh Ge Me S| warm w2 > ie aie 2 PAN DRS DESI NUON

w meth Se ONT 1 wlohe. oa STL Hom

10 @@ql O56 1 100 1 l=

“This great god is Pe along by the gods of the “Tuat, and those who tow Ra along say:—‘The god

244 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“cometh to his body, and the god is towed along to his “shadow. O be thou at peace with thy body, and we “will tow thee along in thy integrity into thy (literally, “his) secret place. Come thou, O Ra, and be thou at “peace with thy body, for thou shalt be protected by “those who are over the curved ropes (?).’”

The text which refers to the six men, four apes, and four women, with nets over their heads, reads :—

“Those who are in this picture march before Ra, and “they utter words of power against Apep, and [then] “return to the Arit (or, Hall) of the horizon. They “journey onwards with him into the height of heaven, “and they come into being for him in the ATerTI “(ie the two portions of the sky in which Ra rises “and sets), and they cause him to rise in Nut. And “ they say thetr words of power which are these :— Out “upon thee, O thou Rebel Serpent! Out upon thee, “thou monster that:destroyest, thou Apep that sendest “forth thy evil emanations (or, deeds)! Thy face shall “be destroyed, O Apzp. Thou shalt advance to the “block of execution. The NEMU are against thee, and “they shall hack thee in pieces. The Aatu are against “thee, and they shall destroy thee. The ABEBUITI “(ie the three spéarmen) shall drive [their harpoons] “into thee, and they shall enchant thee by means of “their Hail! Thou art destroyed, dashed .in pieces, “and stabbed to death, O serpent Sxsst.’”

“Those who are in this scenc, and who have their

THE GODS OF THE SOUTH 245

“spears, keep ward over the rope of Ai, and they do “not permit this Worm to approach the boat of the “sreat god. They pass behind this god upwards. “These gods who do battle on behalf of this god in “heaven say” :—(The speech is wanting).

MAA @ [; ’ a YT ha 1 i! i

Gods of the South raising the Standard of the South,

In the upper register are the following :—

1. Four gods, who in the place of heads have each a crown of the South, to which is affixed a uraeus, upon his body, and who, aided by a bearded male figure, are engaged in raising up from the ground, by means of a rope, a pole or staff, which is surmounted by a bearded

246 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

human head wearing a crown of the South; the gods cc ” ] are called “gods of the South, | 4 > and the

bearded male figure “he who is over the front end,”

ian — * a

2. Four gods, who in the place of heads have each a

Sy Ay) Gy) Gy) @) NA TINA

Gods of the North raising the Standard of the North.

crown of the North, to which is affixed a uraeus, upon his body, and who, aided by a bearded male figure, are engaged in raising up from the ground, by means of a rope, a pole or staff, which is surmounted by a bearded human head wearing a crown of the.North; the gods

HORUS-SET AND HERU-AM-UAA 247 are called “gods of the North,” ‘| ae and the bearded male figure is “he who is over the hind part,”

a 3. Between the two groups described above is

the hawk - headed sphinx which typi- fies “Horus in the .*.%

tote. SP by SES OIG

“Above its hind- —2t wt en —= ay} Thaw | —

eeee es - °@

e CE ee Pe Pe) e868 we ete ttle oe rere gt t8 oe w © Poota

quarters spring the sw he en

head and shoulders § r 7 8 = ae

vis “gt

of a bearded human anne ae j a rite, a

Awa pe Wek. figure called ANA, ike a Faw g r, ry

aml wm, and on the etl

head of the hawk and that of Ana — is a crown of the South. Standing on the back of the Y sphinx is the figure —_Heru-am-uaa with Set-Horus on his back. of Horus-Ser with

characteristic heads, with his arms outstretched, and with each hand laid upon the upper part of the crowns of the South. The hawk head of this figure faces the back of the hawk head of the sphinx, and the animal’s head, which is characteristic of Set, faces the back of the human head of Ana. It is thus quite clear that

248 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Horus was regarded as a form of the Sun-god of the South, and Set as a form of the Sun-god of the North.

4, The serpent SHEMTI, OW INN os which has four

heads and necks at each end of its body, and each head and neck are supported on a pair of legs. A male

figure called Apu, VS >, stands and grasps the middle of the body of the serpent with both hands. 5. The serpent BAta, J XY, with a bearded head

at each end of his body; each head wears a crown of the South. Above the back of this serpent is another serpent, from each end of the body of which spring the upper portions of the bodies and heads of four bearded male figures; the first figure of each group has a pair of hands and arms which are raised in adoration, and each figure of the two groups has a pair of legs, which rest on the back of the serpent BAta. A male figure called ApETH stands and grasps the middle of the

body of the serpent TEPI, qd , with both hands.

6. Two male beings, swinging over their heads a net, wherewith they are going to attack the serpent, or to resist him.

The text which refers to the above reads :-—

SNE aime lm

e oe ae oe a O wi rnin ron] APL BE pgn

THE SHEMTI SERPENT

eal TEI ONIFe4,, SUA SOUS — lca ont BN oan

emi peLt and hi 1 om jie 284! 8 ob as ao a ate ae lal mY eee BT a SS oh, <— oe

<> ww i Ii ae@ a

250 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Noe Self eS

Je 2 2 SU SeRARSAD Roel oe | Sth =a] ERIS PAY be TARPS aI AL CA SEL ee se Ek Slot see a “VQ S SS

ae SS Ae SS | coer |

ee a 28M

® |p <=> CH 8 Iw QM 4A ASO

we JS a ae eee asdqeZ wl J-d—-a nS TCE TeL BS ea Nees beet Cra eee WC ee

Y <a —— cay

The passage which refers to the gods of the South reads :—

“Those who are in this scene rise up for Ra, who

THE SERPENTS BATA AND TEPI 251

“saith unto them :—‘ Receive ye your heads, O ye gods, “and draw tightly the front end of your rope. Hail, “OQ ye gods, come into being! Hail, possess ye the “power of light, O ye gods, and come ye into being, O “ye gods. Possess ye the power of light, O ye gods, by

— .. . ©

wae et ae tet tt 8 0

Oeree ta ee Me tet 8 a - e

Tho Serpents Bata and Tepi and the warder Abeth.

“my coming into being in the secret place, and by my “power of light in the hidden place (Ament), in the “chambers of things.’ ”

The passage which refers to Horus-Set reads :—

“Ta maketh to arise this god. This god with his “two faces goeth in after Ra hath passed by him.”

252 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

The passage which refers to the gods of the North reads :— :

“Ra saith unto them:—‘Let your heads be to “you, O ye gods! Receive ye your crowns of “the North, and pull ye tightly at the -hinder “end of the boat of him that cometh into being “from me. Behold now Horus of the handsome “ Face !’”

The passage which refers to the serpent SHEMTI reads :—

“He who is in this picture strideth through the secret “place, and he withdraweth to QA-TEMT, the Hall (or, “Court) of Ament. Those who are in it are the heads “which have been devoured, and they breathe the “odour of SHEMTI, of which Apu is the warder.”

The passage which refers to the serpent BATA reads :-— '

“He who is in this picture maketh his rising up for “Sar, and he keepeth count of the souls which are “doomed in the Tuat. He strideth through the secret “place, and he withdraweth to TEsErT-BAIU, to the “Hall (or, Court) of Ament; then Teri entereth into “BATA. Those who are in it are they whose heads “have been devoured. They breathe the odour of “ Bara, of which ABETH is the guardian.” .

The passage which refers to the two gods with nets reads :—

‘“These are the gods who make use of words of “power for Horus-Ra in Ament. [They have power]

THE GODS WITH NETS 253

“over the net, and they make use of words of power on “those who are in the net[s] which are in their hands.”

In the lower register are :—

1. Sixteen gods, who stand at one end of the scene, and grasp a rope with both hands. The first four are bearded, man- headed beings, and * are said to be “ the souls of Ament,”

a AN ! awn 0? the second four are ibis - headed, and are “the fol- lowers of Thoth,”

tT Sioa

the third he are hawk-headed, and are “the fol- lowers of ra

| Shes Sa Two gods with nets,

and. the last ae are ram-headed, and are “the followers of Ra,”

• 21°.

2. Eight bearded, man-headed beings, who stand at the other end of the scene in two groups of four; and

who are described as “ Powers,” Y © \ qq » RIRIRIE

254 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

each grasps a rope with both hands. The rope which is held by these groups of beings is attached to the

legs of -the enormous serpent KuEpRt, G QQ {.

This serpent has a head at each end of its body, the foremost part of which is supported on a pair of human legs; from each end of that portion of its body which lies flat on the ground springs a uraeus. On the centre fold of the body is seated a hawk, which wears on its head the double crown, Y. This hawk

is the symbol of “Horus of the Tuat,” Herw fuati . * one | The text which refers to this section of the scene reads :— Wea = {9 aoe ——) on twa I sid + awn a @ ‘| mrt | <> a a =5 g elm he Seo

aun SS

roves at = es Seri at?

NST RSP abies SITly pH @weRs ad oP oe NOP eo ly 6 MoS Ber Modesto

THE TOWERS OF KHEPRI 255

CS this — —_ t <=> <—> @Ilo~ A 16a Pio

“lo Sree Wabi Ste RS ee

BT AISZS5S 0 4eS 0

aoa ee? iS tee wg tt ace wet APTS The Souls of Ament, and the Followers of Thoth who o tow Khepri,

etre tet hy So Ine Sages JOrHS1ois aa DNS ict Saree oon t does KS |

256 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT oot BY mwlY os os |!

ow Cod oe, | -—- 1r—T 4 cS = a hate Qi Ky 1pjosua Sail oO ww — ws baa www A Lo A ST ef Oates ZS {1 1 GS | ww QO) ws I OS i

AN .

Nie Seber Vem Gren OF STS * res {o-3 | a? by 0 n/a aD zsh Mevicet eRe Sore Ss ts SS a cless

° s . ee® eee

et %e es cee ry Or) ae ete ohee *.°

e * eser . @ e oe oe ie . ACE ibe RANE S PEL A RETR S eT Da ea ee eae Pe ae ee Pee eee Oe Free Tr.rt op arg t

” The Followers of Fozus and the Followers of Ra who tow Khepri,

“Those who are in this scene have the rope in their “hands, and it is fastened to the leg{s] of Kuepri, who “moveth backwards to the Hall of their horizon. They “draw this rope with the god into their horizon, and “they tow him along in the sky (Nut). They live upon “the things of the South, and their sustenance is from

“the things of the North, [and they exist] on that which

e ee.

KHEPRI AND HORUS OF THE TUAT 257

“cometh forth from the mouth of Ra. The voice of “this serpent Kuepri goeth round about and travelleth “into the secret place after Ra hath entcred into the “height of heaven.”

The four groups, each containing four beings, “say “unto Ra:— Come, O come, after thy transformations ! “Come, O Ra, after thy transformations! Appear,

Wasa 8TH ig

care allem

e .

wiigte 283

ve s,*

The Serpent Khepri and Horus of the Tuat.

“appear, after thy transformations! Appear, O Ra,” “after thy transformations in heaven, in the great “heaven! Hail! We decree for thee thy habitations “by the excellence which is in the words of the Mighty “One of Forms in the secret (or, hidden) place.’”

The passage which refers to Horus reads :-—

“He who is in this scene is Heru Turi (i.e., Horus

VOL. IL, S

258 NINTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“of the Tuat). The head cometh forth from him, “and the forms [in which he appeareth] from the “coiled [serpent]. Ra crieth unto this god to whom “the two divine URAEI unite themselves; he entereth “in upon the way into Kuepri, who listeneth when Ra “erieth to him.”

The two groups, each containing four beings, “have

—_ —) Se nn OO A EP Oe alice 4a Pir Barron VS peer ee nen A. a Lm —_ a

‘. . ets wet fe ees agee” etn ty, Pegaten

et wat eee cee e,e° Ch Ared .

ry oe ee eon tt wet ee or agetes ° DOT SeACr kee) Seen et

a wsece

The Eight Powers who tow Khepri,

“in their hands the rope which is fastened to the foot = of Knepnr, and they say to Ra:—‘The ways of the “hidden place are open to thee, and [the portals] which “are in the earth are unfolded for thee, the Sout which

“Nut loveth, and we will guide thy wings to the moun- — “tain. Hail! Enter thou into the East, and make thou “thy passage from between the thighs of thy mother.’”

( 259 )

CHAPTER XII. THE GATE OF SETHU. Tne TENTH DIVISION OF THE TOUAT, HAvinG passed through the Ninth Division of the Tuat, the boat of the sun arrives at the gateway TCHESERIT, YZ qd ea which leads to the Tenth Division, or,

as the opening text reads: SANS J comm l

Raa —-| |b hie Oe ee a

nM el AA Aw pawn FM ell nr

ee ! : nd +S -—+—, “This great god cometh

“forth to this gate, and entereth through it, and the “gods who are therein acclaim the great god.” The gateway is like that through which the god passed into the previous Division, and its outwork is guarded by sixteen uraei. At the entrance to the gate proper stands a bearded, mummied form called NEMI, (QQ, who holds a knife in his hands, and at its exit stands a similar mummied form called Ker, Qh. The

corridor is swept by flames of fire, which proceed from the mouths of two uraei, as before. The uraei which

260 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

guard the outwork address Ra, and say, “Come thou to, “us, O thou who art at the head of the horizon, O thou “great god who openest the secret place, open thou “the holy pylons and unfold the portals of the earth,” —=\> > <— Cx mmr 1) © J 1 ey eee 11o 2 | a a

watts Meee | Th t & whict i=, e monster serpen whieh a liauosaica | P

SS +

bil!

— i?

— ain —=_

The Boat of Af-Ré in the Tenth Division of the Tuat,

stands on his tail and guards the door is called SETHU, g {| @? and the two lines of text which refer to his

admission of Ra read:—*He who is over this gate “openeth to Ra. Sa saith unto Seruu, ‘Open thy “gate, unfold thy portal, so that he may illumine the “thick darkness, and may send light into the hidden “abode.’ This gate closcth after the great god hath

on SReP SES SCTOHS CHIDS SCOOT S OEE LOSE TEODOD DS DOOD ODE EEIEOLUESTOEETES ton,

Bd eS PTO OT OHSS POSE HOLES OE OORT ETT SCE Oe cocererseErecs Checere”®

ch

= EO

== wa.

HS igs

l T

mF

= TIME

i. T

f the Serpont Scthu,

1

The Gate

262 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“passed through it, and the uraei who are on the other “side of it wail when they hear it closing upon them,”

EFioem oid — WSS SST her ea

[Seer o = © 2 hh! Q0DeCGSAAA mn ml oC <> I

| duh peereg (0 a.

\ iS a vANG 1 | WOOT wn”

In the middle of this Division we see the boat of the sun ne ‘towed on its way by four gods of the Tuat,

a 13 the god isin the same form as before, and his boat is piloted by Sa, who commands, and by Heka, who steers accorditig to his directions.

The procession in front of the boat of the sun consists of :—

1. A bearded male figure called Unrt, *, a \

ie, the “god of ‘the hour,” who holds a star in ‘each hand. 2. Four kneeling gods, each with a uraeus over his

head. The first is Horus, S hawk-headed; the second is SEREQ, => {| bearded, and wearing a wig; the third is ABEsH, bearded and without a wig; and the fourth is Sexuer, ‘pe with the head of a

lioness.

THE GODS WHO LIGHT THE SKY 263

3. Three bearded beings, the “Star-gods,” alll , each holding a star in his right hand, which is stretched aloft, and with his left towing a small boat containing the “Face of the Disk.”

4. A small boat holding a uraeus, which has the latter part of its body bent upwards; within the curve

is the “F ie of the Disk,” meee

5. The winged serpent SEMI, standing on its tail, with its body in folds.

6. The bearded figure BEsI, J | Q), receiving in his hand the flame which spouts up from the head of a

horned animal, which forms the top of a staff, and is transfixed by a knife.

. AWM . 7. The serpent ANKUI, + © QQ, from each side of

the neck of which grows a bearded, mummy figure. 8. Four women, each with both hands raised in _adoration ; they are described as “ Criers,” (4 Qd a i 9. Two bows, set end to end, ~=—.<*, on each of which three uraei rear their heads. Standing over the place where the two ends of the bows meet, with a foot on the end of each, is the two-headed figure Horus- SET, with two pairs of hands, one pair on each side ‘of his body, raised in adoration. Horus-Set is called

“he of the two heads,” x; and the two bows are

“the Crown of the Uraei,” my l U pr \e

264 TENTH. DIVISION OF THE TUAT

The text which refers to the above groups reads :— ey Ch ere 1! tafed | Ww ann 7 wn © ww =—awe |} oo mown ||| 1! A VII

Bain one sie [4 He — now 1 O =f OQt= 1 0, Pat ye,

EZ?

mr 6 re seo @ eel — 7 Poe ag aro Qa. a Nb eT ao Oo | MLTALIS SEIS! is oy mon] D a —! © FR HOO M

NVA lil~—. <1) IO Ace Ql | owe eS

<3 HI <r we Sn

2 Bot Be ya Oe ae 1 2

Lala vebescerrsib peas ES of tes rr I

ton BHAI star Mei ApS SSF

Ven TNO 9 OS

THE GODS WHO LIGHT THE SKY 265

oA] 4 ASS 4 Aw Se}

Sim Ngee dt @ fA kKaGQs — 3 @ X= GI en

*— Sea = ae hae SLT

aA in ee Aw ae res * J 2 A V1 es fines

“This great god is towed along by the gods of the “Tuat, and those who tow Ra along say:—‘ We aro “towing Ra along, we are towing Ra along, and Ra “followeth [us] into Nut. O have the mastery over “thy Face, indeed thou shalt unite thyself to thy Face, “O Ra, [by] Maat. Open, O thou Face of Ra, and let “the two Eyes of Khuti enter into theo; drive away “thou the darkness from Amentct. Let him give light “by what he hath sent forth, the light.’”

Of the god with stars it is said :—

“He maketh a rising up for Ra (or, he stablisheth “Ra), UntTI maketh to be light the upper heaven; this “god leadeth the hour, which performeth that which “belongeth to it to do.”

Of the four seated gods it is said :—

“The [four] serpents who are in the earth keep ward “over those who are in this picture. They make a “rising up for Ra, and they sit upon the great image[s “which are] under them, and they pass onwards with “them in the following of Ra, together with the hidden “images which belong to them.”

266 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Of the three gods who hold stars it is said :-—

“Those who are in this picture sing hymns with “their stars, and they grasp firmly the bows of their “boat, [and it] entereth into Nut. And this Face of © “Ra moveth onwards, and saileth over the land, and “those who are in the Tuat sing hymns to it, and make “Ra to stand up (ie., establish Ra).”

Of the winged serpent SEMI it is said :—

“(It maketh a rising up for Ra], and it guideth the

Gods of Light and Fire. Star-gods, Face of the Disk, Somi.

“Well-doing god into the Tuat of the horizon of the “ Kast.”

Of the god BEsI it is said :—

“He maketh a rising up for Ra, and he placeth fire “on the head and horns (or, [in] his hands is the fire “from the head and horns), and the weapon which is in “the hand of the Fighter is in the follower of this god.”

Of the vraeus with the double male figure it is said :-—

“Tt maketh a rising up for Ra. The stablishing of

MEHEN AND HORUS-SET 267

“Time which is reckoned in writing by years is with “this uraeus, and it maketh it to go with him into the “heights of heaven.”

Of the “ Criers” it is said :-—

“Those who cry unto Ra say, ‘Enter in, O Ra! “Hail, come, O Ra! Hail, come, O thou who art born “of the Tuat! Come, O offspring of the heights of “heaven! Hail, come thou into being, O Ra!’”

Besi. Ankhi. Tho goddesses who hail the god. Mohon and Horus-Set,

Of the double bow it is said :—

“This is the MEHEN serpent of the uraei, which “strideth through the Tuat. The two bows are “stretched out, and they bear up on themselves him of “the Two-Faces (or, Two-Heads, ie., Horus-Set) in his “mystery which [appertaineth] to them. They lead. “the way for Ra in the horizon of the east of heaven, “and they pass on into the heights of heaven in his “train.”

268 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

In the upper register are :—

• e NWA @ :

1. The four Antiu gods, l ees IN MD each of whom

holds a knife in his right hand, and a short staff with one end curved and curled in his left.

2. The four HENitiv gods, § We Qd © each

having four uraei in the place of a head; they are armed with weapons similar to those of the ANTIU gods.

The Antiu and HWenatiu Gods attacking Apep.

3. The undulating length of the serpent APEP, ait of whom it is said, “his voice goeth round the Tuat,” ~

| = Ka, Attached to the neck of the

monster is a-very long chain, which rises in an oval curve, and, passing along through the hands of sixteen male figures, is then grasped and held down by a large hand, from which it again rises in an oval curve, and passing on for some distance descends into the earth

THE CHILDREN OF HORUS FETTER APEP 269 ‘

immediately in front of Khenti-Amenti. On the first curve of the chain, lying flat on her face, is the goddess Serq. Of the sixteon bearded figures who grasp the chain

Fn aed

with both hands, four are called SeTeriu, <> QQ Is

i bb |

and face to the left; the twelve are described as the

“TCHATIU gods, strong of arm,” Hh Y= tT »

ns The right hand which grasps and pulls down the chain is called “Hippen Bopy,” | = | > I.

Lengthwise on the sccond curve of the great ahah lean the upper portions of the figures of five gods, each of whom grasps the chain with his right hand, and holds in his left a sceptre and the end of a chain which fetters a serpent in coils. The name of the first serpent is UAMEMTI, $) = eS, but of the remaining four no names are given. The five gods appear to grow out of the great chain, and are called

SEB, > J, Mest, =, Hart, R Q), TUAMUTEF,

• 4 and QEBHSENNUF, RU —.. At the end

of this section of the scene” stands the bearded muumimied figure of KHENTI-AMENTI, wearing the White Crown and the mendt, and holding the sceptre { in his. two hands. ;

The text which aa to these groups reads :—

set Sy 1t1O12790 1 aD

270 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Xam 4H” FR ee ee ee ed 7)

ass || ! o— wn —S—!I1110 | oN 111 )1oerii1!1oo0c= a aren 1.8 ~4%—1,,,9 = @ len. <> WA ee so OO 200 | — 4 III —— > ANN ee Te np Ue Fl) = oe bi

wn Ta a @ > 5 ot /)/)) —1I-:’ « & iS

i; = Fleer ae —— Ooo doa Si Ames]

ae SCE NYA SP Sorel eo ht fo tog g k= | Oe Cres 5 <> @ CO Omw A mown al © 5a

We oe S lies S

Fe ON es room 1m Hil in

WM EL lawn OQ | avs oe — oe = 290 ee QQ Aw Vo o ws Jede aia

Potash ISHoE

Ae ee tS

oa O

= ML a\I111

go er lume

Redowniln Ice: ee mob lke

THE SETEFIU GODS 271

we |e] SJ STM 28 Smo PS aS Meats lel |} 2 San enfln JB AS] Sue”

The Setefiu and other gods holding Apep i in restraint.

Of the eight gods (ie., the AnTIU and HENATIU) it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture rise up (or, stand) for «Ra, and Ra riseth and cometh forth for them, [and “ they say], ‘Rise, Ra, be strong, Khuti; verily we will “overthrow Apep in his fetters. Approach not thou, “OQ Ra, towards thine enemy, and thine enemy shall “not approach thee; may thy holy attributes come “into being within the serpent. The serpent Apep is

272 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“stabbed with his knives, and gashes are inflicted on “him. Ra shall stand up in the hour wherein he is “content (or, the hour of peace), and the great god “shall pass on in strength when his chain (i.e, Apep’s) “is fixed’ ”

“The reptile (literally, worm) who is in this picture “breaketh asunder the fetters, and the boat of this “great god beginneth [to move] towards the region

Seb and the Children of Horns holding Apep and his sons in restraint,

“of Apep; this great god travelleth on after he (ic. “ Apep) hath been put in restraint by means of his

• fetters.”

Of the four SETEFIU gods it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture grasp the fetters of “the being of two-fold evil, and they say to Ra, ‘Come “forward, Ra, pass- onwards, Khuti. Verily fetters “have been laid upon Newa-mrd, and Apep is in his “bonds.’ ”

THE GODDESSES OF THE HOURS 273

Of the twelve other gods who grasp the chain it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture [act] as warders of “the sons of the helpless one, and they keep guard “over the deadly chain which is in the HippEN Hanp, “for the dead bodies are placed with the things [which “belong to them] in the circuit of the battlements of «Knenti-Amenti. And these gods say, ‘Let darkness “be upon thy face, O Uamenti, and ye shall be “destroyed, O ye sons of tho helpless one, by the “ HIDDEN Hann, which shall cause evils [to come upon “you] by the deadly chain which is in it. Srp keepeth “ward over your fetters, and the sons of the fetters “(ie Mest, Hapi, Tuamutef, and Qebhsennuf) put “upon you the deadly chain. Keep ye [your] ward “under the reckoning of KuentI-AMENTI.’”

Of the children of Horus it is said:—

“Those who are in this picture make heavy the “fetters of the sons of the helpless one, and we boat of “the Well-doing God travelleth on its ae

In the lower register are :—

1. Twelve male beings, each of aio carries a

“paddle; they are called “gods who never diminish,”

| i=) TH a4 e SN & Soe 2. Twelve female beings, each of whom. grasps a rope with both hands; above the head of each isastar. They are called the “hours who tow along [the boat of Raj,” Se k a | 6S O N= 4

VOL. IL . 4 - T

274 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT 3. The god BAntI, J awn, With the head of aN cynocephalus ape, holding a sceptre, 4, The god SesusuA, | oe man-headed, with a om star above him, holding a sceptre, ‘ 5. The god Ka-Amenti, {_{ ts bull-headed, and _ holding a sceptre, ul

The Twelve Akhemu-Seku Gods with their Paddles,

6. The god RENEN-SBAU, on | ey man-headed, with

a star above him, holding a sceptre, i

7. A monkey, with a star over his head, standing on

a bracket, “¥; he is called the “god of Rethenu” 3 ANNA | } (Syria), : — a

8. A bracket, whereon rests the Utchat, .

THE AKHEMU-SEKU GODS 275

9. A god called HEn-NEST-F, ‘= = a -holding a sceptre. 7

The text which refers to the above reads :—

SANS AGS Sy et PE

PRAT ak 8 (La FS ff (I? Bakes

2 wwS WO <> io J

a. was fh f= © Ga pA OOO @ Xe ae eno re le a

me oo ot maa HO an

re CR ee Ghd Pea Xo ont

LSB online = =] MR We of SPSS Sea tt a ee te all V2 are temi eee Te PS ioe odett led! — ob rae bse cern Sire. PES PS

DAT arr EWS Genie ay

cae \ sen afi ober U4 — sn eae

276 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT Wiese eee ex IES wf Lod Re |

a tt Los Za | wie [lS exe

— ont, as nei Perea eee a

Of the twelve gods (the AknEMU SEKU) it is said:—

“Those who are in this picture make a rising up for “Ra, and they take their paddles in this Circle of “Unt, They come into being of fheir own accord at “the scasons when [Ra is born in Nut; they come into “being for the births of Ra, .and they make their “appearance in Nu along with him. It is they who “transport this great god after he hath taken his place “in the horizon of the East of heaven. Ra ‘saith unto “them:—‘Take ye your paddles and unite ye your- “selves to your stars. Your coming into being taketh “place when [I] come into being, and your births take “place when my births take place. O ye beings who “transport me, ye shall not suffer diminution, O ye “gods AKHEMU SEKU.’”

Of the twelve goddesses of the hours it is.said :—

“Those who are in this scene take hold of the rope “of the boat of Ra to tow him along into the sky. It “is they who tow Ra along, and guide him along the “roads into the sky, and behold, they are the goddesses “who draw along the great god in the Tuat. Ra saith

THE GODDESSES OF THE HOURS 277

“unto them :— Take ye the rope, set ye yourselves in “position, and pull ye me, O my followers, into the “height of heaven, and lead ye me along the ways. “My births make you to be born, and behold, my “coming into being maketh you to come into being. “QO stablish ye the periods of time and years for him “who is among you.’ ”

1. “The god who is in this picture adsnvetli the

Ni) hs seta ate FT bl a Cena

SNe 8 “tea x iz w3 Ct hoe Peet NS arty k “xk *

The Twelve Goddesses of the Hours,

“pylons to open to Ra, and he goeth on his way by his “side.”

2. “The god who is in this picture crieth out to the “stars concerning the births of this great god, and he “goeth on his way with them.”

3. “The god who is in this picture crieth to the gods “of the Boat of Ra, and he goeth on his way with “him.”

4, “The god who is in this picture setteth the stars

278 TENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“in their places (literally, towns), and he ere on his “way with the great god.”

The above four paragraphs must refer to the four gods Banti, SesusnA, Ka-AmENT, and RENEN-SBAU, and therefore the god of Rethenu, the Utchat, and the god HER-NEST-F remain without descriptions. From the tomb of Rameses VI. M. Lefcébure adds the two

Binti. Seshsha., Ka- Renen- Neter- Eye of Ra, Her-nest-f, Amenti. sbau, Rethen,

following paragraphs which concern the Utchat and HER-NEST-F, => ses aw | An, “This is the Eye of Ra, which the god uniteth to “himself, and it rejoiceth in its place in the boat.” “This is he who openeth the door of this Circle; he “yremaineth in his position, and doth not go on his way

“with Ra.”

( 279 )

CHAPTER XIII. THE GATE OF AM-NETU-F. Tue ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT.

Havine passed through the Tenth Division of the Tuat, the boat of the sun arrives at the gateway

SUETAT-BESU, =e as pine iy which leads to the

Eleventh Division, e as the opening i reads :

aS i =< See ooo.

Tom eee, raise oe

“fgreat] god cometh forth to this gate, this great god “entereth through it, and the gods who are therein “acclaim the great god.” The gateway is like that through which the god passed into the previous Division; at the entrance to the gate proper stands a bearded, mummied form called METESs, —3 ., and at its exit stands a similar form called Suerau,

. The corridor is swept by flames of fire, ot

which proceed from the mouths of two uraei, as before. In the space which is usually guarded by a number

280 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

of gods stand two sceptres, jae each of which is surmounted by a White Crown; the one on the right

is the symbol of Osiris, 1) (Sar), and the other of <— Horus, NS Between the sceptres is a line of text,

which reads:—“They say to Ra, ‘[Come] in peace! “TCome] in peace! [Come] in peace! [Come] in peace! “O thou whose transformations are manifold, thy soul “is in heaven, thy body is in the earth. It is thine

“own command, O great one,” \ er SHITon

7 APM O 1eTS

AG AS 2)9 IS

The monster serpent which stands on his tail and

MAS: TE

guards the door is called Ax-verv-r, |] .

alll and the two lines of text which refer to his admission of Rai read :—“ He who is over this door opencth to Ra. “Sau saith to AM-NETU-F, ‘Open thy gate to Ra, unfold “thy portal to Knuri, so that he may illumine the “thick darkness, and may send light into the hidden “abode. This gate closeth after the great god hath “passed through it, and the gods who are on the battle- “ments wail when they hear it closing upon them,”

Sai $0 | wht ko & ka ai

ann TMT “WT awn = 1) CR tir om

WA Ae Tr ns. aren Oo RA © es, a ea

te we =i Pals mal ES dil ell ELS INS

er eoerecescren

The Gato; of the Serpent Am-netu-f,

MER NSM NY

(Wht

Hie

“eleasaz oles

282 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Ye BS ah ee QO ate a] hae I bean FH

HAS ow ot ANG In the middle of this Division we see the boat of the sun being towed on its way by four gods of the Tuat,

Bat F the god is in the same form as before, and his

The Boat of ve Ré in the Eleventh Division of the Tuat.

boat is piloted by Sa, who commands, and by Hexa, who steers according to his directions.

The procession in front of the boat of the sun consists of :—

1. A company of nine gods, each holding a huge knife inhis right hand, and a sceptre, if in his left;

the first four have jackal heads, and the last five heads of bearded men. These nine beings represent the

THE SLAUGHTERERS OF APEP 283 “company of the gods who slay APEp,” 4 Rik NANA ba.) <— ) 2 Bo p WM. 2. The serpent APEP, fettered by five chains which enter the ground; the fetters are further strengthened

by small chains, which are linked to the larger ones, and are fastened to the ground by means of pegs with

a hook at the top, l. In an earlier picture we have

mn Waren SE ee : con a Fre lh = \ Mi Seas aan eS kL ath men a mati in SSS alt aye el alee Pee Pie oo ae Bear al oie

NAY AEATAVATATAIA

The Slaughterers of Apep.

seen APEP fettered by Seb, Mest, Hapi, Tuamutef, and Qebhsehnuf, who were represented by five gods, but here the figures of the gods are wanting, and it is only

the legend “Children of Horus,” (h pa = al , that tells

us the chains represent the gods.

1 ! : 3. Four Apes, ae » al t, each holding up a huge hand and wrist.

284 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

4. The goddess of Upper Egypt, wearing the White Crown, and styled Amentt, t
5. The goddess of Lower Egypt, wearing the Red.

Crown, and called Herir, IN ee 6. ‘The bearded god SrBEKHTI, Jor” © 7 who holds

the emblem of “life” in his right eae and a sceptre in his left. The text which refers to the above gods reads :— ! a PAGIR | Sis LYS RS SSB Sa ee oO ae 0 cians sae a

et! hy ood | ke @ 5o-1\

Vy ee oo ee _li Oe

ioe Vice Ler At

on www Lo SA

ee | a NO [ee el ay AE PS | Vi

a ge BO YQ EY

t1)1—=—%s i11od a lll a

S~ 1 ao ae) EST = eo

eo em cea Jaco Iii [Fm Sill

PY ic, ON St es e258 ,om O iA

“Sie lan 14 ag ae 0 ER NC Io

THE ENEMIES OF APEP 285

ay ie oa Ss BO Se ROE an <—_ 2 oe oN eo TOTS UR

PM alle PIED PP == PT, PEt SS nk Ns ll C= — fase lhnleS fio}

2 lhe Se)

Sainte Tao! OSA

o_O) {| | awn aw <> Co

ba Ke A te te = R oil Oo tl law Wn

2 ame > fa cme A Se

Sa bii<c

Ad MISSI) PS = ate tr ea os pASidl

Of the gods of the Tuat who tow the boat of Ra it is said :— ;

“The gods of the Tuat say, ‘Behold the coming “forth [of Ra] from Ament, and [his] taking up [his] “place in the two divisions of Nu, and [his] perform- “ance of [his] transformations on the two hands of Nu. “This god doth not enter into the height of heaven,

1 Supplied from Champollion, Monuments, tom. ii., p. 537.

286 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“[but] he openeth [a way through] the Tuat into the - “height of heaven by his transformations which are in “Nu. Now, what openeth the Tuat into Nut (ie., the “sky) are the two hands of Amen-rEN-F (ie., he whose “name is hidden). He existeth in the thick darkness, “and light appeareth [there] from the starry night.’”

Of the nine gods with knives and sceptres it is said :—

“Those who are in this scene [with] their weapons “in their hand take their knives and hack [with them] “at Apep; they make gashes in him and slaughter “him, and they drive stakes whereby to fetter him in “the regions which are in the upper height. The

“fetters of the REBEL are in the hands of the Children “of Horus, who stand threateningly by this god “with their chains between their fingers. This god “reckoneth up his members after he whose arms are “hidden hath opened [the door] to make a way for Ra.”

Of the serpent Apep it is said :—

“The Children of Horus grasp firmly this serpent “which is in this picture, and in this picture they rest “in Nut (ie. the sky). They heap their fetters upon “him, and whilst his folds (?) are in the sky his poison “drops down from him into Amentet.”

Of the four apes holding hands it is said :—

“Tt is those who are in this picture who make ready “for Ra a way into the eastern horizon of heaven, and “they lead the way for the god who hath created them “with their hands, [standing] two on the right hand

APEP IN FETTERS 287

“and two, on the left in the double déert of this god; “then they come forth after him, and sing praises to “his soul when it looketh upon them, and they stablish “his Disk.”

Of the three remaining deities it is said:—

“Those who are in this picture turn away SET fiom “thik Gate [of the god Tuati. They open its cavern,

Apep fettered ‘ty the chains of Seb and the Children of Horus,

“and stablish the hidden pylons, and their souls remain “in the following of Ral.”

In the upper register of this Division are :—

1. Four gods, each holding a disk in his right hand ;

; WD aah ody 1 these are “ they who hold light-giving disks, & » |

Se Ph

288 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

2. Four gods, each holding a star in his right hand; | I ae

these are “they who hold stars,” gi <— on

3. Four gods, each holding a sceptre, iF in his left

. . . 4 » ee | . hand; these are “they who come forth, Q) AS Ae

4, Four ram-headed gods, each holding a sceptre in

g390s-

The Apes who praise Ra, Argenti. Herit. Scboekhti.

his left hand; their names are Ba, , Kunenv, , PENTER, A , and TENT, wm. ww =

5. Four hawk-headed gods, each holding a sceptre in

his left hand; these are called Horus, NS ASnEMTH,

KR =, SEPT, ; and Ammi-vda-r, | \ BBS

THE GODS OF THE DAWN 289

6. Eight female figures, each seated on a seat formed by a uraeus with its body coiled up, and holding a star in her left hand; these are called “the -protecting

hours,” * RTS. |.

7. A crocodile-headed god called SeBEK-Ri, who grasps a fold of a serpent that stands on its tail in his right hand, and a sceptre in his left.

The text which refers to these reads :-—

mii AI Sze sair ‘eee ee aie 2° A 4

iw aes silo Jo) Beet

“Sheree

A ww | | [S11 1 O 2 oleleza) ee ak * hw of awn Q i~ Ga — il ————— i Whi hnaivaoa>—_

Somieieeee rn APSA om. meh Iba

KEP CSmSA AS of a ST SSR.

[AR SARL ) Sk =e ‘Wo hee. a il & a. oO AS

VOL. IL U

290 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

aa o 150 \ ees !

IT ray S pete 8 aig ste El {im Sm

es ak

The gods who bring Disks and Stars for Ra.

ax<sPil Ses] 0 ait! pon eS

tl A om au Ga ‘nr tER oR It Jone | Sta mn ® IL. ii SASS eSsSsH Bean

" oe | www

THE GODS OF THE DAWN 2gI

Of the four gods bearing disks it is said :-—

“Those who are in this picture carry the disk of Ra, “and it is they who make a way through the Tuat and “the height of heaven by means of this image which is “in their hands. They utter words to the Pylon of « Akert so that Ra may set himself in the body of Nut “(ie the sky).”

Of the four gods bearing stars it is said:—

EE Ma Se Sr te ene he Re ESR Ee a a a a oe asst Ark. gee cles arma) Se At ven Thom dL oe Shi po = SS Pt Pty CL SS TY SI tae me CU tet oy Grr tia id CY ee ay, Ce oy am Se a es ul pet Cp bee 8 Hime Pe mR AE 1 SHH

The gods who prepare the Offerings and Shrine of Ra, e

“Those who are in this picture carry stars, and “when the two arms of Nu embrace Ra they and their “stars shout hymns of praise, and they journey on “with him to the height of heaven, and they take up “their places in the body of Nut.”

Of the four gods ‘bearing sceptres it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture [having] their “sceptres in their hands, are they who stablish the

292 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“domains of this god in the sky, and they have “their thrones in accordance with the command of “Ra.” .

Of the four ram-headed gods it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture [having] their “sceptres in their hands, are they who decree [the “making ready] of the offerings of the gods [from] the “bread of heaven, and it is they who make to come “forth celestial water when as yet Ra hath not emerged “in Nu.”

Of the four hawk-headed gods it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture [having] their “sceptres in their hands, are they who stablish the “shrine [in the boat of Ra], and they lay their hands “on the body of the double boat of the god after it “hath appeared from out of the gate of Sma, and they “place the paddles [of the boat] in Nut, when the “Hour which presideth over it (ie. the boat) cometh “into being, and the Hour (which hath guided it] goeth “to rest.”

Of the goddesses who are seated on uraei it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture with their serpents “under them, and their hands halding stars, come “forth from the two Avert of this great god, four to “the East and four to the West; it is they who call “the Spirits of the East, and they sing hymns to this “god, and they praise him after his appearance, and

“SeTTI cometh forth in his forms. It is they who

THE GODDESSES OF THE ATERTI 293

“guide and transport those who are in the boat of this “creat god.” ;

There is no description of the crogodile-headed god Sebek-Ra in the text.

In the lower register are :—

1. Four gods, each wearing the Crown of the South; these are the “Kings of the South in chief,”

mH sacle raliss=eey

BT an ce SA torr SE feaatern Teme MON ACRE tee “>! Bas

jaReres SS mie mbes Se

iis COMPS S pe sel Gee of

tt PT) ne dh a2 Se 0 Go nee be St tee hk

• KIN x x x * *

AGATA gaw awa WaGarg@at

The goddesses of the Aterti.

2. Four bearded gods, “ the WEEPERS,” l = | qq :
3. Four gods, each wearing a Crown of the North; these are the KHNEMIU, 4) Ya MS | ‘

• 4. Four bearded gods, the RENENIU, ae | | » | I

ie., “ those who give names.” 5. Four females, each wearing the Crown of the

South; these are the “Queens of the South,” s==> —

294 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT 6. Four females, each wearing the Crown of the North; these are, presumably, the “Queens of the North ;” these are the KHNEMUT, 9 A 2 ill

7, Four females, without crowns. 8. Four bearded gods, with their backs slightly bowed ; these are the gods who praise Ra.

9. A cat-headed god called MAtt, Q lee

The text which refers to these gods reads :-—

ee I. Be Ee ea. ete ied IT

Sh MAIGRS

Jes: S22 IMS AIP

—e { Peas ro ee wa Ego aaa a lad il = oe ere a aww 0m ® | Xo Seas mn ok, YA ee ini ils BONS Hs ww a | a tn Rib S cae || ean 7 GSS <n Iria ® a eee Sry as aaTt saps HF

1 Var., ~ Rip Sar, Champollion, Monuments, tom. ii., p. 589.

THE BEARERS OF RA’S CROWNS 295

mri Send NM FEM Gens Bio ation P

SS nem Eee owe Re rectaval Ne cut!

ans iron (2 {| Pes ee \ => MW ofl eae 1 as (et © -2%=0 15a eee reer a <1 i eo OCT FAI aA oo) ree ae oa) Oe i ae ai

SRL Tr lsesolek (om len Nate > seven [Lez]:

Sa er fe vim fl JO FP EE BR

NN

al os: Om mms [| JOom— | 2! o ANI Tat. 4A

gown o— BS

tt =

wn | tt <> I law SO xen

1 Champollion, Monuments, tom. ii., P. 539.

296 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

oo AS Tne ISS

[Fae aah Soe eae

or Pe Soa KR I}

25 mee eres

The Stablishers of the White Crown, The Four Weepers,

Of the gods wearing the White Crown it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture are they who stablish “the White Crown on the gods who follow Ra; they “themselves remain in the Tuat, but their souls go “forward and stand at [this] gate.”

Of the four Weepers it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture in this gate make

THE BEARERS OF RA’S CROWNS 297

“Jamentation for Osiris after Ra hath made his appear- “ance from Ament; their souls go forward in his train, “but they themselves follow after Osiris.” Of the four gods wearing the Red Crown it is said :— “Those who are in this picture are those who unite “themselves to Ra, and they make his births to come .

The Stablishers of the Red Crown. The gods who give names,

“to pass in the earth; their souls go forward in his oe train, but their bodies remain in their places (or, “seats).”

Of the‘four RENENIU it is said :— “[Those who are in this picture are they who give “the name to Ra, and they magnify the names of all

298 ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

“his forms; their souls go forward in his following, “but their bodies remain in their places (or, seats).”]} Of the four goddesses wearing the White Crown it is

• said :— “Those who are in this picture are they who make

Se isthe Pe °° ecsgteas —_— Ss Arig Sie RN He nom Oy ne vi | A cad

Goddesses who stablish the White and Red Crowns.

“ MAAT to advance, and who make it to be stablished “in the shrine of Ra when Ra taketh up his position « “in Nut; their ‘souls pass onwards in his following, “but their bodies remain in their places.”

1 Supplied from the tomb of Rameses VI.

THE GODS WHO PRAISE RA AT DAWN 299

Of the four goddesses wearing the Red Crown it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture are they who stablish “time, and they make to come into being the years for © “those who keep ward over the condemned ones in the “Tuat and over those who have their life in heaven; “they follow in the train of this great god.”

= fre kat © myo.

Goddesses who drive away Set. Gods who adore and praise Ra, Mati.

Of the four females who are without crowns it is said :— ;

“Those who are in this picture in [this] gate make “lamentation and tear their hair in the presence of “this great god in Amentet; they make Ser to with-

“draw from this pylon, and they do not enter into the “height of heaven.” ;

300 ‘ELEVENTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

Of the four gods with their backs bowed it is said :—

“Those who are in this picture make adoration to “Ra and sing praises unto him, and in their place in “the Tuat they hymn those gods who are in the Tuat, “and who keep guard over the Hidden Door. [They “remain in their places.”]}

{“The warder of the door of this Circle remaineth

“in his place.”]?

1 Supplied from the tomb of Ramesces VI.

( 301 )

CHAPTER XIV. THE GATE OF SEBI AND RERI. THE TWELFTH DIVISION OF THE TuAT.

Havine passed through the Eleventh Division of the Tuat, the boat of the sun arrives at the gateway

TESERT-BAIU, S— oo which is the last that he

will have to pass through before emerging in heaven in the light of a new day. “This great god cometh “forth to this gate, this great god entereth through it, “and the gods who are therein acclaim the great god.” The gateway is like that through which the god passed into the previous Division; at the entrance to the gate proper stands a bearded mummied form called Pat,

BK qq {| and at its exit stands a similar form called

AKHEKHI, a >A. The corridor is swept by

flames of fire, which proceed from the mouths of uraei, as before. In the space which is usually guarded by a snumber of gods stand two staves, each of which is surmounted by a bearded head; on one head is the disk of TEM, ew? and on the other a beetle, the symbol

of Khepera. The text which refers to these reads:

U dhe AWM

wt ( | “ayy ) WIR a aaa nT

& A ORS ek RI RRS RNAI ry . < atte ena hate Se eet. eet ots *, = Oe le a a ee ee ee he a he one °, Ae ees SEE Soe SOR LEA .

KQ 5

KK

NI A At

mal 3

304 TWELFTH DIVISION OF THE TUAT

fanaa al | TP Si Bifle J we len (e me J, “They stand up on thei heads,

“and they come into being on their staves by the “gate; the heads stand up by the gate.” The monster serpent which stands on its tail and

guards the one door is called SEBI, > Q), and the two

lines of text which refer to his admission of Ra read, “He who is over this door openeth to Ra. Sa saith “unto Sebi, ‘Open thy gate to Ra, unfold thy portal to “Khuti, so that he may come forth from the hidden, “place, and may take up his position in the body of “Nut. Behold, there is wailing among the souls “who dwell in Ament after this door hath a - &, — WT ger 0 ! % | i m =

wn oe as ee

The monster serpent ary rene on 7 tail and guards the other door is called Rent, = qq , and the

two lines of text which refer to his admission of Ra “read, “He who is over this door openeth to Ra. Sa “saith unto Reri, ‘Open thy gate to Ra, unfold thy “portal to Kuti, so that he may come forth from the” “hidden place, and may take up his position in the “body of Nut.’ Behold, there is wailing among the “souls who dwell in Ament after this door hath closed.”

THE BIRTH OF THE SUN-GOD 305

The text, being similar to that which refers to SEBI, is not repeated here.

On each side of the door is a uraeus, the one repre- senting Isis and the other NEPHTHYS, and of them it is said, “They it is who guard this hidden gate of Ament, “and they pass onwards in the following of this god,” 2S REP

aw | | 0 “a lla ea ac,

Here we see that the end of the Tuat is reached, and the boat of the sun has reached that portion of it through which he is about to emerge in the waters of Nu, and thence in the form of a disk in the sky of this world. Having passed on to the water the boat is supported by the two arms of Nu himself, or, as the text says, “These two arms come forth from the

“waters, arid they bear up this god,” <> eae wt 5 im] 0 call boat in the form of a beetle, which is rolling along a disk ; on the left of the beetle is Isis, and on the right

Nephthys. The three beings in the front of the boat.

The god appears in the

are probably the personifications of doors, “ur and

• the gods to the left are Srp, & J, SHU, (, HEK, is, Hu, § », and Sa, =. In the hiero-

glyphics at the top of the open space above the boat is VOL. Il. X

306 TWELFTH DLVISION OF THE TUAT

written, “This god taketh up his place in the MATETET

“Boat [with] the gods who are in it,” —O on

ae 7 aot]. l +% %—, Away in the waters above, or beyond the boat, is a kind of island, formed by the body of a. god, which is bent round in such a way that the tips of his toes touch the back of his head. On his head stands the goddess Nut, with her arins and hands raised and stretched out to receive the disk of the sun, which the Beetle is rolling towards her ;

“ ; 5? 5a / © the text says, “ Nut receiveth Ra, cae oO » AX { 1” The island formed by the body of the god is said to be “Osiris, whose. circuit is the -Tuat,” {> oO » Q ‘: <a AWA a Ka. oe |

END OF VOL. II.

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