Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri, Vol. I

GOVERNUENT OF INDIA AKCH/COLOGICAL SURVET OF INDIA

CENTRAL

ARCHAEOLOGICAL

LIBRARY

ACCESSION NO._

t

^? 7 ‘^

C^f

cl0773

f;

TllK TUZUK-I-JAHAMilRI

on mi:moir.s of jAiiAMifii

ORIENTAL TRANSLATION FUND. NEW SERIES.

VOL. JOS. ,

THE

TlTZUIvj ^Jj lHANGlB J.

OB

.^IEMQlRa^TAHA]!^GlR.

FRO^I THE FIRST TO THE TWELFTH

i -3

YEAR OF HIS REIGN.

v’^X

TRASSWlEn BY

ALEXANDER BOCiEBS . LC-S. (RinlBED).

EIlITED BY

royal ASIATIC SOCIETY, 22, Auiemarle Stbeet- 1900.

ttRUtfOKD

STEPHIS AS1> LTD.

r

central a ^ ^ r.oi .or’stGAn

u:t /. iL

AOM. * .. .

IW, ^ ■ T ’ ** . —

TABLE OF TRANSLITERATION.

^ (HnmjiH) notrcprescatcd uttho beginning w ifiid nf n treTd; ’ in the i]ii<UllD of a H’oni.

b ;

1

P

tTJ

t

iJrl

1

Pi

IL

s;

t

i

ch

h

t

fch

J

d

s

J

d

i

1

J

r

w

J

r

}

a

A

B

h

t

i

J

J

r

(ni before w and

in Hindu natnci)

!

I

S

i

ISA

i

k

g

1

m

n

(not repnwoted the end of n word «3C<«pt wh^n radio’d.)’

^ y

Vownt-H -—" a. ft. icftljsdift) h.%

_ I; e ta aomo Hindu iu&joca. iyy j

1 at ^ end of oTd. ^

J ii, il; o in aomo Hindu numcft- uww i

u al the end of a word.

DiPHTHojjOfi — au- ttww. fth ayj*

The * Izifdt * i« rendewd by * -i* ‘*

The Perainn copulntive particle jj w traniLterttod by ’ n Tbo J of the Arabic nrticle ta aasitnilated according to rule, the final vowel of the precediog word being prceerved.

PREFACE.

Mr. RtWERS tmnslatod the Memoirs of Jfthtogir fiovenvl yearn »{^ from the edition whieli Sftvyid AUntod^ printed / a t Gha^nr in UStiS and at Ally ghur in 1 864. Orientaliabi are greyly iiid^d to the Sa3'3’id for IiU disiutorosted laix}Ut«, but his test twems to have lieon made from a fungle and dofeetivc ^[S. a nd i» o ften ipcoutfet, especially in the case of proper names. I Imve collated it with the eioellent MSS, in the India Office and the British Museum, and have thus been able to make nnmerotiH correctioDs, I have also eonsulted the MS in the Librao’ of the R.A.S.. hnt it is not a good one.

I have, nnth Mr. Rogers’s petinission, revised the trans¬ lation, and I have added inanj’ notes.

Tlierv Ls an aecount of the Jlcmoira in the sixth volume of Elliot Si iJon-soii’s " Histor)’ of Iiidia,” and there the fmbject of the various rccenaions ia discussed. Ttiere is also a v aluable note j^y t^- R’tm in his Catalogue of Persian It U there pointed out that there is a uiauoscript tnnmlation of the first nine j’ears of the Memoira by Williom Erskine iu the British Jfiuseam.

1 have consulted this translation and found it holpfuL The MS, is numbenKl Add. 26,611. The translation le. of couree, excellent, and it was made from a good MS.

A tranfllation of what Dr. Rieu callu the garbled Memoirs of Jahangir was made Major David Price and published by the Oriental Translation Committee of the Royal .Vsiatic Society iu 182ft. The author of this work is unknown, and its history is an unsolved problem.

It is occasionally fuller than the genuine Memoirs, and it contains some picturesque touches, such as the account

PFtEFACE*

mil

ijf AkbfiT’s deathbed. But it in certain that it K in pari at Icaat, a fahncatioTik and that it ^lOntainH atateinent$% which JahAngfr could never iiAve made. Compiarek for iiii?tancc, the aeconut of thfl death of Solirab, the son oE Mirzfk Hudtain^ near tlie end of Price’ii tTOnslatioiip ppu 1315—9, with that given in the genuine iremoirs in the narrative oE the fifteenth year of tlie reign, p, 293, and also in the IrjhnUnaina, 139, Besides being inaccunite^ the garbled or spuriotw Memoirs are mucli shorter than the genuine work, and do not go beyond the tifteeath year. Price’s traiiMlfttion, too, wm made from a ahigk and badly written which is now in the HAS. Library. Dr. Rleu remarks that it Is to be regretted tliat so poor a fabrication os the garbled Memoirs should have been given to the world as a genuine production oE Jahangir, This being ao, it ia appropriate that the present translation of the genuine Metnoira should be published by the Roya! Asiatic Society.

Wied JahAngir had written his Memoirs for the Hrst twelve years of his reign he made them into a volume^ and liftd a number of eopiea made and distrihiited (Elliot, vi, 3150)+ The first of tln^ he gave to ShfiJi Jahan,, who wafl then in high favour, Tlie present publication is a translation of the first volume of the Meiuoirs^ but the tranalation of the whole \fomolrs, together with the additions of Mu’tamad Khan and Muhuiumad Hadi, has been npmpletedn and it is to be hoped that ita pablicatioti will follow in due course.

Jahangir reigned for twentj-two years, but ill-health and sorrow made him give up the writing of his MemoirB in the igy gnteg iitlL reig n (see Elliot, vj, ^bO), He then entr^Lited the task to Ma’tamad ^ban, the author

■ It u owjfig %a the ombbed TriUti^ Fdojs’t M^. that ■£ |k 21 JifJliBglr im madf to b&j th«£ %}m Prin^Q oi Kubmir bdangtJ tW Hcieity of Jog^ The mJ BtA^eiDcnt !■ chAt the prioee belofig^ (o the ChMk tuiuly.

FRJ’FACT?.

iX

ol the who contiiratNl tlic Memoir* to the

beginning of the ninotoenth yenr. He then dropped writing the Memoirs La the nan>e of the emperor, hut he continued the drtrrative of the teigii. to JahiingirV death, in his own work, the lijlAlnaiiin, MubuiiiiiiBa Hfuli afterwards continued tlie Jh-iiioini down to .Tnhilngir’a death, bat his work is little nitirc than an abridgia<Mit of the IqlAhmina. Sayyid Ahm(Mr» edition contftiiiH the continuations of the Memoirs by Mu toniad and Mubainintul Hiidi. and also Muhauimad Hfldv preface and introdnctioin But ihb pn^face and intro- diiction have not been tmtislaM by Mr. Rogers, and I do not think that a translation is neeesaaiy. Mubaiumad HiUli is a late writer ElHot, vi, 39’2>, his date being the first quarter of tlie eighteenth centno-. and hia intnxUiction seems to be almost wholly derived from the Maasir-i-Jahanglri of KsnigAr fluHainl (Elliot, vi, .ai). It coiisists mainly of an account of Jahangirs life from his birth up to his iiccessiom

It is perhatw unnecessary to say anything about the importance of Jahangirs MenmiTS. They give a lively picture of India in the early decades of the s^-venteenth century,and are a^aluablc supplement to the Akbar^naiiia, 1 ituvy he allowed, however, to end this preface with Um following remarka which ] contributed to the Jndion

Afagasinf for May, I DOT: u, ^ ■„

-The Royal authors of the East had more Wood in them than those kings whose works have been catalogued by Horace Walpole. To find a parallel to them we oiust jm hack to Julius anti then the advantAge is

not upon the side of Europe. After all. the commentanM of the famous Bonmn are a little dwappomtiug. ^d certainly the Memoi™ of Babar and Jahan^dr are far more human and fuller of matter than the story of Gallic Wore. All Muhoininadana have a fa^y for wn r g chronicles and autobiographies, aod several Muhammadan

X

PREFACE.

kings hnve j’ielded to the ctnuinon inipuli^, Ceatril Ahiji Ua» giviMi ns the Memoirs of Taniiirlane, Hfibjir, and lluidur, and the climnicle of Aba-UgJio^i; Persia Ims given m the Meiiioii-H of Shah XahiitftHjv iind! India tho Meinoirn of tlio PrincesH Gulbodan and .TahEiigTri In tnodem times we Mie the Mine impulse at work, for we have the biography of the late Ameer of Afghanistan and the dmry of the 81iah of Persia,

“The contribniiona to Literature by Royal nut In jtTt* which come to lUj from the Kaat form a depariinent by them¬ selves, and one which is of great value. Nearly all Eastern historiea are dishgured by ndulatioiu Even when the author has had no special reason for flattery and for suppression of truth, he liua been doKSsled by the greatness of his subject, and gives U 4 a picture which no more reveals the real king than does a telescope the real constitution of the iforning ;5tar. But when Eosterfi monorchs ^ chioriiclei^, the cai«! is different. They have no oeeasion for fear or fa^our, and nieicLiesaly expose the failings of their con temporaries. Not that they are to be Imstcd any more tliati other Orientals wheu speaking of thotnsielves. Babur has suppres-sed the stor_v of hb vassalage to Shall fsmalh of his defeat ut Ghajdavran, and his tr^^tiuent of ■Alum Lodi; and Jahangir has glossed over hb rebellion against hb father, and the circumutanccs of Shlr-afgaii s death. But when they have to speak of others—W’^hethcr kings or nobles— they give us the whole truth, and pt^rhaps a littb n^ore. An amiable Princess like Gulbadan Btrgam may v-eil the faults and weakticases uf her brothens Humayun and Jiimlfllj but Babur stripH the gilt eff nearl}’ oveiy’’ one whom he n^entinns, and spares no one—not even hb own father.

^‘Tlie Memoirs of Bal^r, Haidar, and Gidbacjan liavc been translated into Euglishp and tho^4e of Tahmasp have been translated into Genuan; but nnfortunately Jaliiiiigira

XI

havt* never bten fully translated.^ tliough tliere arc estracta iu Klliot Sf tViwson’a History, anti Major Price tunny years ago gave us from an iiniterfect iiiaiinscrlpt a giirhled aeoouiit of a few yeans of his JlIemoirH. Yet in inaiity Iftlifingir’B Memoirs are not inferior in interest to those jf Baimr, Indeed, we may go further ami say there is twice aa niucli matter in them as ui Babivr’‘8 Memoirs, that they are by far the tiioet entertiiiiiing of the two works, Not that JftlUlngir was by any nieaiia tia remarkable a man aa his great’grandfather. He was a most faulty human being, and his omi account of himself often excites our disgust and conterapL But he had the acnfie not to confine Itis namiti^‘O to an account of hifii.s»’lf. and he has given us a picture of hia father, the great Akhnr, which is a bigger" plum" than anything id Babars ilemoirs. But his necouiit of himself has al*) its charm, for it reveals the real man. and m he lives for uH in lii,s Moiuoire just as James ^ 1—to whom, and to the Emperor Claudius, he Ijcare a strange and even ludicrous resemblance—lives in the * Fortunes of N igel or Claudius in Suetonius and Tacitus, Jahilngif was indeed a strange mixtutc. The diflii who couki stand by’ and ace men Ihiyed alive, and who,-as lie himself tells us. put one man to death and had two’otlicm baiustrung bc-eanss they showed themselves inopportunely and friglitemnl away hia game, could yet be a lover of justice and could spend his Tlinrsday evenings in holding high converae. He oonld quote Firduni’s verec agaiiuit cruelty to aaimais

’ Ah ! joa ffttnifft. ricli in bcwr^Kl gmltt—

He liv«i with ftnri hm die* with filin ’t

ond be soft-hearted enough to wish that his father were alive to share with him the delicious iiiangoes of India He could procure the murder of AbuJ-fa?! and a\ ow

» A timnrfatien »U bj the Ker. Mf- Lo** di«

Stoaioty ol Beagtil, bat pnly <jiio Iksdcnlw wm fSitltitbeiL Tbi* wi« is IBSO.

PliKFACl?.

Xll

the fact without remoi^i Aiid also pity the royal elephants beeaUBe they ahivert’d in winter when tliey sprinkled themselves W’ith cold water* ^ I observed IhiSp he saya^ ‘and so I ordered that the water should fee heated to the tenipemturo oF luke-warin milk/ And he adds: ^Thia w as entirely my own idea ; nobody had ever thong! it of it before/ One good trait in Jahangir was his hearty enjoy¬ ment of Nature atid his love for flowers, Babrtr had tblft also, but he was old* or at least worn out, when he came to India, and he was d]sgu,sted by an Indian attempt to poison Idni* and so hia description of India la incagrt- and splenetic, Jahangir, on the other hand^ is a true Indian, and dwells delightedly on the ehanns of Indian flowers, particiilftrisea the paJibi. the bokOh and the clisiupfl, and avows that no ti-uit of AfghanistaJi or Central Aria b eijual to the mango. He loved, too, to converse with pamliU and Hindu aacetics, though lie is contemptuous of their avatars^ and caust^H the image of Vishnu as the boat avatar to be broken and flung into the Pushkar lake.

‘lt ifl a remark o-f Hallan/s that the best attribute of Muhainma^lAn prinoes is a rigorous justice hi chastising the offences of others. Of this rjuality .Jahangir in spite of all hk weaknesses^ had a large share, and even to this day he is spoken of with respect by ^fnhauimadans on aceoant of hb love of justice. It is a pathetic eircunistanee that it was tins princely quality wbkh was to some extent the cauHC of the great affront put upon him by 51 ahabttt iy>am Many coniplaints hail been made to JaMngir of the opprt^ions uf Mahabat in Bengal, and crowds of suppliants had come to Jahftuglr’s camp. It waa hia desire to give them redress and to punish Mahabat for his exactions, toother W’ith his physical and mental weaklier, which led to hb capture on the banka of the Jhilanu

**0116 of the many interesting obser%‘atiDnii in hb Memcera

^GJiFACE.

XUl

U Ills occount of an inHcriptiiai ho saw »t Hindiwiii. Ho tiaj-a that in the thirUfnth year of hia reign, oa he waA marching back to Agra, ho found A vetso by souh-oho L nacribed on the pillar of a ploaaurft-house on aa ialct in the lake ot Hindaun, He then pnoceedH to quote it, and it turn-s out to be cmio of Omar Khayyam*!! 1 Tlua is PitsiCierald’s poraphrafl!!

■■ Fof Esomfr we lf7V«d, ITm luvtUlwt nml Thill fi™ hb fintiig* Time Imth firaHt, nave drniili ihuir Cup il RoflftU «

Aud cne hy am (awpt fitently to mat,*

“Thfi BAim tjufttniin htis alf^o been f|uott!d hy BfwUyilnf

in his hifltory. and the interesting tiling about Jaliangir s quotation of it ib that he could see the beauty of tbe verse and At the sarnfi time did not know who woa the author. There is also an intereat in the fact that the tliinl line conUinii a djtferent reading from that given in Whinfield’s edition of the text, Hliidaun is in the Jaipur terntoty. and one would like to know if the inscription still exists.

“Among other things in Jahangtr’s Menioiiw there is the description of the outbreak of the Plague, given to him by a lady of bis court [which has been quoted by Dr. Siiupson in his book upon Plague], and there ix a very fnll a^t of Kashmir, which b considerably superior to that the Ayin Akhori, which Sir Walter Lowrenoe has pruLsed,

With reference tci the portrait of Jahangir prefixed to this volume, it may be interesting to note tlmt U fn>m Mr. E, B. Havell’s «Indian Scolptmre, p. 403. that the Briti»b Museum possciaes a drawing by Remhnmdt which was copied from a Moghul miniature, and winch has been prenonneed by Mr. Rouffaer to be a portrait^ Jahangir. Coryat (Purehoa. roprint, iv, 473) thus d-^bw Jahangir’s peratroal appearance i—“ He U fifty ye«H of age. his nativity^lay having been cclebreted wiHi wonderful pomp since my arrival hcra On that day ho weighed himself in a pair of gplden scales, which by great

Xlv

J’JlKi-ACK,

chillier I ftftw the Rfliiifi day; a cur^toin he obaerveA moift inviolably e^Tjiy VL-m. He is of complexion neither white nor black, hut of a niiddte betwixt tlieiu, I know not how to exppcjas it iHth a iiion* expressive and si>,^iiHcant epitlietou tliBD olive. All olive colour his face piTeiteiiteth. He i.H of a Hvetuly coiiipoaitioii of Wly, of a stature little unequal (as I guess not without groiiiiilfl of proljability) to mine, but much more corpulent than my.sclf.’’

As regards the bibliography of the Tajtukd-.lMliiuigiri. I Iiftve to note that t lie re is an l^rdu tnnislation by Munshi Ahmad ‘AJi Sjiiiftb of Riuiipfim, that is, Alfgnrh in Took. It was made from .^luljuiuinacl Hatii’s edition under the patronage of Mul.inmiiiacl tbnihini ‘Ali Nawfih of

Took, and was publislinl by N’ewal Kiehor in 12[H (1^74), There is also a HiniJi translation by MunshS Debj Pmsad which was published in IHDS at Calcutta by the Hhamt 3fitm Press, The Urdu translation referred to hy ilr. B1uni}ia.rdt in huj Cutalogiio of Hindustani 31SS., p. fil, and iioHced by Elliot, vi, 401, and Garcm dU Tassy, iii, 301, Is, as the two ktU^r writers have renuirked, a translation of the Iqbfd-namtt, The MS. referred to by Elliot, vi, 277, os leaving been in the possession of Genera) Thomas Paterson Smith, and which is described in Ethd’a Catalogue of the India Office MSS., No. 2S33. p. 1533, was made by Sayyid Mubammad. the elder brother of Sayyid Ahmad. As the end of the MS. the copyist gives some account of himself and of hia family. He made the copy from copica in the Royal labrary and in the possession of Rajah Rogha Nath Singh tdiaa La) Singh Jaipur, He ffinshed it in October, 1&43. Sayyid Mubonunad was Muomf of Hutgam m the Fathpur district He died young m 1345. My friend Mr. T. \V. Arnold, of the India Office informs me that Sayyid Abmad told him that he found a valuable illuatToted SIS. of the Tfisuk w the debris of the Delhi Roya) Library, and took it ome, but that it was lost when Ms house was plundered

FR^EFACE*

Xt

by tlio tiiuiideer^i. There L* in the Bodleian a copy id Sayyid Abniad^ own handwiiting; He states tlint he Tiiade UHc of ten good MSS. TJie EngbHliinan at whoHo request lie made the copy wor ilohn Pantoii Gubbins, who wiLs odce Se^wioiis Judge of Delhi. This copy is deacribiHl in the Bodleian CntaJogue, p. 117, No. TJie 3!S.

No. 220 describwl on the Hjiine |Migi> was brought home by FnLserT and is a good one, but only goea down to the end of the 14th year.

H. Bevuuihie.

.T/rlJ^A, l«Kk

P()(RTS<:RirT.—Since writing this Preface I have heen enabled by the kindness of Afr. Irvine to exrtniLne the Hindi JaiiAngir-nama of Debi Pnisad. It is not a tmimla- tion, but an abstract, and I do not think it is of inucJi value. Being a JodhpCtr man he has bqon able, perhaps, to correct ^me spellings of places, but he does not seem to have couanltcdany MSS.^and when ho comes to a difficulty he shirks it The most valuable adjunct to the TfhEufc, after the Iqh^-nama, b the 5!a’aaifd^aliaiigiri of Kilingiir Qnsaini. It is important as giving the early history of Jahangir^ that ie, of the time when he was Prince Selim. Tliere are three eopi<s9 of his work in the Britisb Museum, but the so-called Maathir-i-JahangiH of the India Officse Librtiry, No. 309 a, or 324 of the new Catalogue, is only a copy of the IqhAl-nama.

I regret that the number of Errata and Addenda is so large, but when I began the revision I did not know that Sayyid Ahuiada test was so incorrect- It will be seen that at pp. iSft and 1*12 I have made two erroneous notesi.

H. B.

J A El AXGIR’S MEMOIRS.

In tltv aVtinw of God, the Merciftd, the C^meiU.

CHAPTEB I.

T>Y the boiindlefls fiivour of ADoh, when one sidereal Itour of Tliursdny, Jumndflr-s-g&nl 20th, A,H* 1014 (October 24tli, 1606), had paised, I awcnded the royal throna in the capital of A^jra. in the 38th year of luy age,* ‘rill he was 38 yearn old, no cidld of oiy father had lived, and he was contjonally praying for the survival of a sou to dervTsJiea and rvcluaes, by whom spiritasl (ippioach to the throne of Allah is obtained. An the great master, OwAja Mu’luu-d’dTn ClitflJjti, was the fountain¬ head of most of the saints of India, he considered that in order to obtain this object he should I»ve rHspnise to hk blessed threshold, and resolved within himself that if jilinighty God should bestow a son on him he would, b 3 ’ way of complete humility, go on foot from Agra to his

» TlMi>to.hoTrt57yeiuSw™tli»liy thelnmrosUadsr.aikWy*®#

I mrmtti ty boUt rwkonipf jFSd);l>»iinm», i, TOlu ElRot uid aU the M88. hove Stii J«indi,fl-s4nf lU the dmta ef the aoKindn, but tJiu fl cbmrty vrenK, as did not il» till J3th EvIcteoUy

ihBflwyirt«b.»e.««is»nft«nth«

BlochBono’B wniBrk, pt 41, iiota S. Tlut JahAnsir Wm ^ >t thk tinw 3» {■ Jhawn ty t ]i 37 tint b «lbftted bis 3Sth

birthday at lAhow after Ujb wptiiia of

1

2 nlBtE OF JAHiNOlii. FOlTNIH^a OF FATflFLH.

b|eH 3 ed pmuAolemu, A distance of 140 In A. II. 977,

on Wedncijdaj,-. ITth Eabru-l-ftww-al (August Slst, 1SG&), when seven jhart of the aloit^said day had passed, when Libra (Mhsiiti) liad risen to the 24tb degree. Gcd Almighty brought me into eiristenco from the bidiug-pUce of nothingness. At the time w^hen my veneFatfd father was on the outlook for a aon^ a dervish of the name of Shaikh SaJini, a man of (static conditionr who had traversed rnany of the stages of life, had his abode on a hiU near Sikri, one of the sillagea of Agm, ajid the people of that neighbourhood hod coinpJete trust in hinu As my father was veiy subnuisaive to detwdahefl, he also vMted him. One day, when waiting on him and in a state of distroetion, he asked him how many sons be ahould have. The Shtiikli replied, ^^The Giver who gives without being asked will bestow three ftons on you.’^ My father said, ^ I have made a vow that, casting my first son on the skirt of your favour, I wUl make your friendahip and kindnosa hht protector and preserver.* The gJuaikh accepted thia idea, and said, ** I congratulate you, and I will give him my own name.** When my mother came near the time of her delivery, he (Akbar) sent her to the Shaikh’s house that I might be bom there. After my birth they gave me the name of SultsJi Salim, but I never heard my father, whether in his cups or in hia sober moments, call me Mohammad Salim or Sultan Salim, but always §hai^M Bdbd. lly revered father, considering the vilkgie of SLkrI, ivhich waa the pboe of my birth, lucky for him, made it his capital. In the course of fourteeu or fifteen yc-ars that iiill, full of wild beastaj became a city contaiuiiig all kinds of goidGus and Ijuildings, and lofty, elegant e^cea and pleasant places, attractive to the heart After the conquest of Gujariit this village was named Fatbpur, UTien I bec&me king tt occurred to me to change my lULme, 1>ecause this resembled that of the Empai^r of Riiim An inspiratiou from the hidden world brought it into my mind

ACCOUNT OP AGRA*

a

th&t-p ijiiidtnuch m thi^ buniDCjss gf id the contmliing

of the world, I should give loywolf the name of JollaDgir ( World-sei/AT) aod make my title of honour N&niHi-

din, inasmuch as my fitting on the throne coinrided iiHth the rising and Rhining on the earth of the great light (the Sim> I had also heard, in the days when 1 was a prince. From Indian sages, that after the expiration of the reign and life of King JaUlu-d-dln AkbaronD named Kilru-d-dln would be adroinistrator of the affaira of the State. There*’ fore I gave myself the 1141110 and appellation of Num-d-dln JahAngir PMshAh. As this great event took place in Agra, it ia necessary that some account of that dty should be givem Agra is one of the grand old dtiea of Hindustan. It had formerly an old fort on the bank of the Jumna, but this my father threw down before my birth, and he founded A fort of cut red stone, the like of which those who have traveiled over the world cannot poi nt out, It completed in the space of fifteen or sixteen yoaiB, It had four gates and two Kftlly-porta^ and its cost waa 35 lakhs of mpeefl, equal to 115^000 of current Peiflian ooiimge and to

I0p500,00l> f^dnl ac&ordlng to the TCtrou reckoning, ^Phe habitable part of the city extends on both aidca of the river. On its west fiide^ which has the greater population^ ita circiimferanee its seve:n kos imd its breadth is one koa The circumference of the inhabited part on the other side of the water, the side towards the east, is Icus. its length one kos and its breadth lialf a kos. Hot in the number of its buildings it h equal to several cities of “Iriq. MAwaraVn-nahr (Tnmsoxjana) pnt

together. Many persons have erected buildings of three or four storeys in ik The maaa^ of people is m great, that moving obout in the lanes and hoxars is difficult It is on the boundary of the second climate. On its east is the province oE Qanauj; on the west, K&gor I on the north, Ssiiibhal; and on the south, Chanderi

It is WTitten in the books of the Hindiia that the aource

4

ACCOUJTT op A 0 ItA.

of the Juniua k in n hill of tlie imuic of Kdioc],^ which Tueii cnjuiot reach became of the e:xcesaive cold. TIib npp&rent source m a hill ue4ir the pargnim of KhipiiliftiL

Tlie ail- of is warm imd dr}^ \ ph^^icrjaos say t Jiat

it deprti^^ the spirits (rtl^S; ba iJirftamrf) and

iiKiuces Tveakiiess. It is nnsiiited to luiMt teiupeniroents^ oxcapt to the phlegmatic nod inehuichol}’’, wliich are safe from itfl held clfectiL For fclus reason ojumats of this ooziHtitatJon and tcmjiemiiieiit, such aa the eiephwt, the buftalo, and others, thrive in its climate.

Before the nile of tlie XcmJi Afglian.a^ Agra was a great and poptilotLs place, and had a castle described by Mos’ud h. lift’d hi Salman in the ode (qttj*ida) which he wrote in praise of Mahmud, son of Saltan Ibrillifin^ »oii of Mo^‘ud^ soil of Sultan Mahmud of on the capture uf the

coKtle—

“Ttifi fmt of nppeiireil in tho df tlia deytt

Lik« B maantaia, wad llu batllaJTi^^lU iik« pcoka^” ^

Wlien Sikutidar Lodi designed to hike Gwalior ho came to Agra from Dellii^ which was the capital of the Sultans of India, and settlofi dou^o there. From that liate the population and prcjsperity of Agra inen^oaed, and it bewme the capital of the SuJtana of Delhi. Wien God Almighty beotowed the rule of Iiwlia on this illustnoua family, the late hing, Mbar, after the defeat of Ibrahim, the son of Sikanckr Lodi, and hiB being kilied. and alter hia victory over Riina Sftnga, who was the chief of the Bajaa of Hindustan, eBtablisherl on the east aide of the Jumna, on improved land, a garden (chdrbdgh) w hich few places equal in beauty. He gave it the name of Gul-afshon

• Tbc SojLikriC KalltidB.

• Th* Mnplct appeBtn la Uw’Qd’a divan, Rll. Ma %Brt«a, 7ttl,

p, 14^ Una 4. Tbo prtciedM^ liiM «how Uiat U» diift nfcncd

to In lira first tina meuM Ow dost caiMol by tbo InVadip^ amy. 1 ta](« lha WOids bard &4rAd1 to mtta UiO boUJenicatli Or piaiiMla of tb«

totnea, tba I aa tbo and (d Urfid iBtoBsiia.

DESCaiPTlON OF FRUITS.

5

(Flower-Bcatterer)^ and orectfld in it a ainall building of ctit ri-d Htone, and having complotcd a inosquH on one aide g£ it ho intoiided to make a lofty building, but tbne failed Jiim and Lis design vi^^as nevot carried into execurion.

In these Menioirs^ whenever qinlnl is written it

refem to Amfr Tiiunr Gi^rgan ^ and wheaover FirdiU* is mentionod^ to Babar Padshah ^ when nsAjrdn? la used, tg liuiaayun Pftd^ah ; and when

js employto my revered father^ JalAluMl’dlii Mubaiununt Akbar PadshAIi Qh^t

McIgnSi mangocHp and other fniits grow well in Agra and ita neighbourhood. Of all fniltH 1 am very fond of laangoes. In the reign of my father many

fruits of other countnes, which till then were not to be bad in India, were obtained tberei Several sort^i of grapes, sneh as the and the ^ and the

became coiimion in several towna [ for mstance^ in the bgzaTH of Ijahora eveiy’ kind and variety that may be desired mn be luid in tiie gmp seasoiL Among fruitc?. one which they call amiiim (pineapple), which is grown in the Frank ports/ is of excessivii fragrctnee and fine flavour. Many thousands are produced evei^’’ year now in the Gul-ftf^hRii garden at Agra-

Fttnn the excellencies of its sweet-etittd: flowers one pnay prefer the fragtancos of India to those of the flowers of the whole world. It has many soch that nothing in the whole w’orld be oompared to them. The first is the cAttflipo (Micfidia efutmptt<ia\ which is a flower of escMdiogly sweet fragrance; it has the shape of the aafFron-flower, but is yellow iocliiiing to white. The tree is veij iqnntnetrieal

I EndciDo’i msaiucriM tiMslstion of the Xttrnk-i‘JaliiHl{iri, BiH. MS. Add. 26,«II. siKl tt«i B.M, SIS. Irtv* to. MS. STo. 181 “(I die R-A-A MS. w»S thie »e^

right. See MemeEti., teyUon A Eraktee, p SSS, aflS the H _ j, . Turk! text p. 4. The i e am«U grep Uk* tbM. <rf

eurru^tA »Ta I^iwid;.

• €t intn thfl iJiscfflint at the lUh pmft (V 1

iso

6

PESCRTPirOK OP FPOWSRS.

Aud krg«, full of Imuichc.’* and leaves, and is shady. When in flower one tree will perfuine a garden. SorpaaNing tills is the ke^iini * flower (J^andantig odontiimi-muay Its shape and appcaninee are singular, and its scent Ls bo strong And penetrating that it does not yield to the odour of musk. Another is the -rus bet* which in scent resembles white jessamine. Its flowers are double and treble (t). Another in the wiAfsari* (Jlijnuaojts Elenffi). This tree, too, is very gtaeefnl and symmetricat, and is shady. The scent of its flowers is very pleasant. Another is the ketoH * (Pandatma ?), which is of the nature of the i^ord, hut the latter is tbomy, whereas the hetht has no thorns, More¬ over, the kefki is yellowish, wherea.s the is white.

From these two flowers and also from the ehambdi* (Jhsminum which is the white jesasminc

of tmlayut (Persia or Afghanistan), they extinct sweet- scented oils. There ore other flowers too numerona to meotion. Of trees there are the cypres (seine), the pine

’ Sod Mmenra. L. A E., p. S3S,

» The oune np hrl is net given in Ctarlie’a Rosbargfa, hut ttcrlup) il is «ms nf Ui« jetmnineii, «i]4 nutf be the bOa of Ctsrko (p. SO). The rtit W is dewribod by Abo-t-feil (Blodunsnn, pp 70 hud Sg). The ptote- ment its floveie being double end treble is ohsenre. EnkiM

lenders tbe taspego ‘■ The lesvce ue genereny two stid three fold.” The Peniisn word k fute^, wKicb Upfareiitiy is equivslent to the fOf or fold at thelytn-l-Ahbsrf, Pentkn tert, i, M. The lefereiMe may be to the Bowers gfowiitg in urabelii,

• This k the holMf Of Indkn gardens (CUtke, p 3J3J, end weD deserves Jshsngirk fwwe. It k probebly the Meklrf mentklied tu the Avid (gl nchm e r ift, Xo. Ifl, p S3;. BlnehtniiOn gives lAottin ip 70 ) « the usme Of s fruit-tree, jhhI the lAelMrf of p S3 WAjba n nmrtska for

« The tort has eewtr. but the «wn eeeine to be the J?o«i of

ftoxbittgb (Glsrka, p 4OT) and has no rescmblsnes to the f’Andhnujii, See also tbe deecrftitiOd of tlie ecien. Btoehtnami. p 32. HVrhapi there are two 4 («vlf. one famoDs for ftagvunce, the EOher for boauty. Bee le. pp 70 and What k meant in the lest k evideiitly a /kedoem and the of moehmann, p. S3. I have followed, thertfore, LO. MS. ISJ. a^ ha« •ub.titntwt^ fn, The friii »ay be in^rmU,

which has no tlMrtiS (Clarice, p TQSb Enkioe also has

L.t, fL 33 et «q.

CHAIX OF JrSTlCS.

7

(aanflftffT*), tlw diam%r (Pfatontw orienialk), th« wMte (»opI»r (9aftddr,P<^uln9 d6»). and the m^(wlbwX which they had formerly never thought of m Hinduatan, but are now plentiful. The sandal-trec, wWch ooee wan peculiar to the islands (ic., Java, Soniatrs, etc.), also Hourishes in the gardena

The inhabitants of Agra exert themselves greatly in the acquirement of crafts and the search after Icarning- Various professors of every religion and creed have taken Up thciir abode in the city.

After my accession, the first order that I gave was for the fastenine np of the Chain of Jtiat ire, so that if thggg rngag^ in tES" administnilion of justice shouia oelay or pmetiso hypocrisy in the matter of those seeking jufltice. the oppressed might come to this chain and shake it so that its noise might attract attention. Ita fashion was this; I ordered them to make a chain of piae gold,’ :J0 gas in length and containing 60 bells. Its weight was 4 Indian inaunds, equal to 42 ‘Iraqi mannds. One end of it they made fast to the battlementa of the Sh^ Bnn of the fort at Agra, and the other to a stone post on the bank of the river. (l also ga^-e twelve ordeta to be observed aa rules of conduct (dmditmt-f-‘anwii) in all my

dominiQiufl— .

(l) Forbidding the le^y’ of ceases under the n^^ of and mrr boAH (river tolls), and oth« ^ez« which the jdginlArt of every pro’-Hneo and dmtnet had

imposed for their owm proli^

(S On reads where theftAnd robberies took pla^, whi^ roads might be at a little distance from haWtabons. the

• Da JaiTie. who hta inf«™rttoa ff-n

“uiTilolionBd in the Slymt

^er wbicli looked towaida tl»

8

HKGULATIOXft.

jagwdiws of tbo nGi^hboarbood Ftliould build Jtni’a’i:# (public rest-houHcs), moequcH, nnd dig wclU, ivbich tiiigbt stlniiilutc populfltioiij, aud people might Gcttle down in those sont’fe. If tbeso should lie near a kksjim estate (under direot State inonagutnent), the adrainistmtor (lau^o^cyf) of that planj should oxeoutc the wor^

’ ( 3 ) The haJes qf merebants should not be opened on the roods without informing tlicm and obtaining their leave.

( 4 > In my dominions if anyone, whether unbeliever or MuKalmaii, should die, his property and effects shcnjld be left for his heirs, and no ojnj should interfere w ith thenu If he should have no heir, they sJtouJd appoint inspectors and sepamte guardians to guard tlie property, so that its value might be expended in lawful expenditure, such os tljc building of mosques and toni’Es. the repair of broken bridges, and the digging of tanks and wells,

( 3 ) They sliould not innkc wine or rice-spirit (durfidrA m) * or any kind of intoxicating drug, or sell them ; although I myself drink wine, and from the age of 18 yearn up UJJ now, when 1 am 38 , have pendsted in ik When I tirst took a liking to driuking I eometimes took as mii rli in^ t.ii-f.n*y Capa nf donhln-Histillcd spirit: when by degrees it acquired a great inJiaence over me I endeavoured to lessen tho quantity, and in the period of seven years I Jmve brought m^lf from liftam^cupsj p live or six. ify tiT 0 e.s for linking were varied; sometimes when three or four aiderunt hours of the day remained I would begin to drink, and Hotnctiines at tdght and partly by day, IHiis w’eot on till I was 30 years old. After that I took to drinking always at night. 2 fow 1 drink only to digest my food.

( 6 ) Tliey should not take posaessiou of auv person’s house.

’ la text Utia ii wtenglj taoclQ port <rf regelBtioa 2.

“* (.xhilwslingdrici}, sod this is

pret^ljf catwC JahAngfr wDEdd know llttlo about rice ipirit.

Thia re^nlAttoa in mere faUj ei(|xnuidod in Plrieop p, 7,

AEGULAnONS,

(7) I forbad# the cuttibjf off tlia ii<W4! or ears of any person, niid I oayfuflE iiuide a vow by thethfoneof Giid that I would not bleiiiisb anyoou by this piuiishmeut.

I an OTtlur tliut tbii olEcialB of the Crown itTig t l|Hj jii ffTnl Afi f should not foiti bly talte the ryots Iniid H and enitivate them on their own uocoun^

^0> A Bovemment ooll«!lio7 or a j^fiviar siioiJd not without peruiiasioii intenuan^’ with the people of the ill whicti he uiiifliit

(10) Tiiey flliould found luwpitiila in the grout cities, and appoint physicians for the healing of the aickr wlititever the ejcponditiire might be. aboiild be given from the MdliV establisiunent.

(11) In accordance with the regulations of my revered father,! ordered that each year from the 18th’ of RahVa-l- flwwftl, wliich is my bLrthdjiy, for a immber of Jays coiTo- apondiiig to the yenre of uiy life, they should not slanghtcr animals (for food). Two days in taicli week were also forbidden, one of them Tliursday, the day of my accewiiou, and the other Sunday, the day of my father’s birth. Hv lield tids <lay in great esteem on this account, and because it wo* dedicated to the Sun. and also because it wiis the day on which the Creation began. Therefore it was oue of the daj-a on which there was no killiug in his doiuinioi..s.*

(fid) I gave a ge neral order that the offices and Pf

my fathers servants shwdd nemalii as; they wer^ Later, the (miiR’or offices) were m&vwed acanding to

V Hi. curioM that (jive

Li. hirthdjij-, «hl(« ih* .Dtharitiesi pr. ft w tie ut

ab4hr1*sr. Hi. l.irtbd.y w« Ro^Lh IStb diiy ^

AkhunAinii, ii, 344), hnl ft wm the I Tdt ^ ^

Hadi. DtcHoL IX a. nd ^ JiOiiagir uttUnmit m fe*

UoM ibMa Fuwlbly Jaliitifiir iri.l«id Uunftfc*

» « h\mmd djkj (isMidrtJt !W«1, Whito ba Jg^«i Wedii«d.j m pOCulivLy nTil gj’ky, hod £*llwl it ;p 3 Di» ifcJlfBI

• Cf. EQiot’fl tnuinUtiilU. tI, 513, nfii net* ’*■

10

fllKSIOXS. AOCOUxN’T OF COIXS.

^ch oae’s eircnraatftnCT^ by oot \esB than 20 per cent, to .100 or ■400 per cent The subststence money of the nMdU yfm increaaed by 30 per cent, and I mised tlie pay of *vlJ cfoiaeatics by 20 per cent I iocroaoed the allowanoea of all the veiled ladies of my father’a hniein frotn 20 per cent to loo^r cent, accordidg to their bondition and relation- T j (By oufl atTOke.oLtlifi pen I coaBTiaed the aubsistence hehlem of atmm (clwirity londa) withinlhe doRuDiona who form tlie army of prayer, occordTng to the de^s m t^heir ponsejsaioi^ J gave an order to Mirftn ^adr Jahiin who IS one of the genuine Sajyidaof India, and who fora long time hdd the high office of (eocleaiaatical ^cer) under «ny fotlier, that Im ahotdd every day produce before me deserving people (worthy of charity). * I reieaaed

ftU cnmi^s who had been confined and itupri-soned for a long time m tlie fotts and

At » prepitlou. liopr I orferej ^ixt they should coin sold ud nlver of differept wighto. To oMh ooin I mv.

• .**T^- *»’«. H>«t of

thot of 20 (olo, ua^doui,,; to that of 10 (ofa, Mr- i-omo.; to th.t of S (0(0. «ir.„ar- „d to thot of 1 Wo.

I. ..~n0 !.«,

a i. <■«•

twafivi rjjT—T *r ppw ilhOuldi hiiT^ lhirt4QD iDjMj^cL af

W^tali„n eW ihif ^ rn J^

tfiTBiliar nlcint it TOAV lu! ’ 1. ^ T.WO null frijifl

Thre. ore™ oe ^ ^

Sir Henrv “**®“*^ Wmpu^l irith

ACOOUjq? OF OOTSB*

11

nUr-jahdni. The half of thift I call^ nardwC, and th&

quarter, With regard to the silrer cqina

I gave to the coin of 100 Ma the name of Jbttfcsi-i’iafi* (star of boroHoape); to that of 5Q the name of

(star of fortune); to that of 20 the namo of (ntar of desire); to that of

10 fok, the name of kaukab-i-ba^ (star of good luck); to that of 5 tofo, the name of kaiiiab-i-sa^d (star of aiiKpidoUfmea^}; to that of 1 Ida, the name of jahdnffiri. Tlie half I called the quarter, nwarS ^

(showering money); the dime, Wair-i-gafra4 (the acceptable). Copper, also, I coined in the same proportiona, and gave each division a partfcular nanier 1 ordered that on the gold midir of lOO, 50, 20, and 10 td<t the following verse by A^f IQjan ^ ahould be itnpreescd — namely, on the obvei^ was thifi couplet :—

" Fate’i p^n wrote tra tto eoln m lettera <rf Ugfbtt The Shill NflUtMi’dlll JahiJigff “:

and between the lin^ of the verae the Creed (^oJiina) was impressed On the rev’enio flras this couplet^ in which the date of coiiiage ivaa eigiuded—

** Tbroo^h thin coin is tJifl wfirU. boghtwied hj tbs seq,

And tht date thwerf b * Snil d EkjmiiiJIOB” {Altib-i*MaiiUakali’’ *

Between the lines of the verse, the mint, the Hjjra year, and the regnal year were impressei On the ^ which

is in the place of tiie ordinary gold ^nuhr and exeecdH it in weight by 20 per cent, (as 12 to 10), ia imprcased this couplet of the Amim-l-uinara :~

*• §Mh Nard^4lEn JaMi^ ibn AkW

goUlb face bright with thm sheen wT *ua aiwi BWchl”

• ErnLlDe^H MS. Lm fjfrirf ftnr ai^irf, jlUFtiad of

j^ir-i-^oM/. T 1. «

• Hub iit BlMhiiiinn’* ^io iiip ‘i*. MrflA Jin*, P*ff’

• Tbo woniH Aitab-i-MjuBkkiit irwU, Becofiling te the oy

tbs dBtfl lOH iUK. ;]aos>.

12

ACGOn.VTB OF COINS AND CHaONOGRANLS.

Accordi 11^13% a lietni^‘tich was itop^Kwed on cftcli face^ and also tho Diint, and the Hijm and year. The

jahmigiri ifikka, also, which is ^ri?ater in weight hy 20 per cent, was rcckonid 08 c<nial to a rupee, its weight IwLng fised in the same manner as timt of the nBr-jitMn% (each WHS a ill weighty but one was in gold and the other was in Milver). The wdgbt of a iot^t is 2^ of

Persia and T^raiu^

It would not be iifood togiveallthe versiBed chronogmrai which were made for 1113’ acceisiom I therefora content ni3TMilf with the one which 3 faktub l^a\ii^ the superintendent of the librar3’ and picture gallorj% and ouo of nij* old servants, compex^—

‘* Thi hmi of i^janctionk ^hihinJ^ljulh JnliAngfr,

With jUftiofl And oqtlil).’ Ji*l On tlici timing of hAppii^ 4 W,

PnwjMfnty, i»nod FnrtDnn, WoaJth, DignR^:| And Vicitwj^*

With Inuu girt m bin iervboi^p ^tnarl rejo’bcing Itofnire him.

It iKoamA thfr (iato of tho Acee^iun Wlwn IWperLty

Flac«f hu hniid At tlio fiwt of the ^Mh-Qfrind-gAJiL’’*

To in}’ son l^usmu u kkli of rupees was preHontod that he might build tip for himself the lioiioc of ^jun’un Kliftn * the (former) lihAakhiinau, ouMde the fort, ndiuim*

stmtion and government of the Panjnb won Ifestowed on

!■ Fug® 4 af the t*Kt is foDewnd by EngrAFiugn *f cuios of JoLAngfr And rho insenpeioos thfimaii, for which the editor, Haiyhl Ahmad, mya he is indshied to Mr. Tbnnihjll, the of Meernt Xh^y do net shor

the UiicA cf poetry^, Thelt? is mn inlei^thtg ortielo Oo the cofct|jitet# on jAhikngir^ rtrioB hj Mjt, C, FU^Igen, J,A,a.n. for lS8«, pu 18.

• Ttw Aiire^Qgmm Is ingvnianii The wonls yield

only 1013 Aoeoeding to nlrjad, end thia ts a jaat Uw hLtlir. But the venw stAUa thAt fVa4]ienty [or Fortune^, fqhi]^ Isid his Iwrtd At the seceod lord of Hinianetkia’s f«t. And ibe h«id of liiljal, nceofdiog to the pnrknce nf chrenogtiun-compQA^ Is di* hhJt letter of the wnrd, tlwt ia, nUTp which BtoiMiji for otm (|1 In And So the ^Ut« 1014 is msde Ki.}K ^Kih-

Qiriii-i-SLn| niAAns ’the neenod tnrd nf ofifijutictfoo,^ And is a titln gfeiiAfAlly Applied to iJl^h Jsldn j the flmt lord conjunction (La- the cnnjnnction of «fupitef And Vflnus]i wm l^^tnar.

• A grmt officer undtr HQmAyan and Ahlmr. Em Ayln. BXochnmnOp fL 317.

eiFTS TO OFFICKKS.

(3

Sa’id liJjftn,’ who wsh one of the contidentinl noUes ftnd cooni-ctcd mth mj fntbtir by His arigin wmt U>

from tlie Sfogtml tribe, and bis nnceidora wero in the uemw of niy forefather. At the time of fd” taking Iwve, aa it was said that his euimche opprefwcd and tynnimswd over the weak and the poor, 1 simt a ims^ge to him that my justice would not put up with oppmsHioii front aiiyoue, and that in the scalcH of equity neither sinullness nor grwtuew W’DS vegarded. If after this any cecity or harshnesH should be observed on the port of Jus people, ho won

recois’E! punishment wdtliout favour,‘J c- .j*

.Vgain. having previously bestowed on Sbai^i Farid

Bukhari, who hnd l«en J/ir in

drt^ss of honour, a jewelled sword, a jeweUt^ u.ksUnd and pen, 1 confirmed him in the same post. and_ ui order to

esaJt bJiii I said to him. “I rcgartl i»a4-qalmn " (‘‘Captain Sword and Captain Pen h to wbotn my father bad given at the end title of Waair Ki>wi ‘‘«’l tim

I atlactod for the title, rank, and serviotrj I t _

Khwrua.ri Fathu-lbh a dress of honour, and made him

when I was prince ho had left my service

,„d L Jon, ov,r .0 f«h«. I “

formerly, and I gave him a dns» of bonocr. ^ ,

daulu. who when I was prince hod the ^ of vi-itLout my leave had run away and taken wrvn rovered laier, not looking to hb otrences I gave the odice

3.‘id CUg^i"- ^ u* jt.’iair, ii, -ica, PeriHj* it*

^ inUMi d«e Mi r»» inSTlh- MViffIr, b *06,

npmied. Sw ii4

14

ACCOUKT OP SHAltTp KHAN*.

of {Heiu} of tho ArtilJoty), which he had held

under iny father. 1 left alt thoao who wore in pocineaaioti of post% both inside and outside, in the poeitions a’hich they had with my father, ^arif ^n« had lived with me from his early years. WTien I was prince I had given him the title of ^n, and when I left Atfahahod to wait upon niy honoured father I presented him with a drum and the (standard of y&k taihi),

I had also promoted him to the rank of 2,500 and given him the govemntent of the pronncu of Bihar. I gave him complete control over the province, and sent him off there. On the 4th of Sajab, being lifteen days after my accession lie waited upon me. I was exceedingly pleased at hts coming, for his connection with me is such that I look .po» Km «, . taMh«c. « » f*,^, ^ . coofnion.

As I had perfect confidence in his friendship, intelligenee learmng, and acquaintance with afiaira. hanng mode him G^d Vizier, I promoted him to the rank of 5 000 with 5,000 home and the lofty title of to which no title of my servanto is superior. Tliough his position might have warranted a higher rank, ho himself represented to mo that nntil some notable aervi<« on his port had become perceptible to me he would not accept a higher grade than that mentioned (5,000).

Ah the reality of the loyalty of my fathees servants had not yet l^me apparent, and certain faults and eno« and unbecoming intentions which were not approved at the throne of the Creator or pleoaidg to Hm creaturos had

tofore tie left Allalut«d to vfaft }iU

ACCOUNT or SHARIP KHAN.

1«

shown thcniBelves. they of themsolvc* becauio juihained. Though on the day of niy oficcflsion I had forgiven all offeiioen and determined with inj-salf that 1 would exact no retribution for past deeds, yet on account of the suspicion tliat hod been aroused in my mind about them I considered the Aiuim-l-umarft my guardian and protector \ although God Almighty is the guardian of all His eervants, and is especially ao of kings, beeausa their existence is the cause of the contentment of the world. His father, Abdu-s- t^mad, who in the art of pamtiug had no equal in the age, had obtaiued from the ktokiiig(/o«iM(t*d4ydwi) Huniajtin the title of ^ o/atn (Sweet pen), and in hie council had attained a great dignity and was on intimate tenna with him (the king). He was one of the chief men of My honoured fatlicr, on account of hU former sem^, paid ^ h im great honour and reverence. I made Raja Man Smf^—- who was one of the greatest and most trusted noblemen of my father, and liad obtained alliaacea ^th this dl^ous family, inasmuch os his aunt had been in tny fathers house ( 1 . 0 . was his wife>,» and I had married his ^ r and fibusrau and Ids sister SulSAnu-n-nisA the latter of ^

w’bom is my eldfsit chUd, were bom of her as bi ore, ^ of the province of EeugaL Though oa in cons^uence of 1 certain of hia acte he had no expectation of thi> i

towards himself, 1 dignified him with * ,

without sleeves) as a robe of honour, a jewelled sword, and ,

4lt TW.-* is a

hftVfl KliWfiuS tb* opniiJog Wiotfoca

ikh^. The PSlfehahBiisii snU ^

Pri^»’.ori«i«a«7ltet ?bsxlf smv«i rt.t«nd*P sfl-r

» LO, MS, ISl and

Khan Khfte, K ^ Ste

face’s JaliSogir, JI. 20, ’ ^mnin BAirb hor l«

teiU a to>ab fer hcr«-.W ia tte ® Si» 4i«l ee

net. boried there (SM J.TLii.5- ^ T* manatt

4m sta te!, 1«» tsd «, aoMi.

baried u her gi»wU»th«’* wmb t Siksadr «

16

ACCOCXTS or MAX SIXOH AXl)

one of ray own hon«8, azid s«nt liitu oH’ to liin pro^‘ince. which t6 a plow of (or can kiJttp up) 50,000 HiJ

father was Kajn Bhaj^wun Das. His ji^indfatlier. Raja Sihilri Mai, was the first of the KachwAha KaJputA to hav’c the honour of entering ray fathera service, anti he excelled hw tribe in truth and sincerity of friendship, and in the ♦prality of valour. After tiiy anocasion, when all the tioblea with their netiniies presente<j thcoitK^IvcH at ray palace, it came into ray mind tlintrahouldNeiid this body of P-taiiiertt under niy aoji, SqlUui Farwra, to make a IioJy ivar against the Rarai. who nas one of o%il deeds, and a foul infidel of the countrj’ of Hitidustjin, and in my fathers time had had troops sent constantly against him, but had not been dnvtn off. In a fortunate hour I itu’eated ray said sun with gorg«*ons foW of honour, a jeiveiled waist swotd, a jewelled waist^Iagger, and A msaiy of pearls interraixed with rubies of great price of the value of 72,000 mpees, Iran and Turkman horses and fatiiuas elephants and dismissed him. About 20,000 horsemen with nohl® and chief Wleis wete appointed to this service. The first was Araf fChan, who in my father’s time was one of his oon fidential servants, and for a longtime ha<l been erjntinned in the post of hakhshi and afterw’aids became diw&’nha istiqlM (Chancellor with full powem); him I advanced from the ttok of an Amir to that of Virief, and jiroinoting him from the command of 2,500 horse to that of 5,000 made him pardian to ParwTz, Having honoured him with a robe of honour, jewelled waist-sword, a horse and an elephant,

I ondcred that all the (ooramandersX smai) and

great, sbonld not depart from such orders as he thought proper to give tJicm. I made *Abdu-r-Raz 2 aq ^Tainun his Ukhshi and .Mukhter Beg. Asaf Khftn’a paternal uncle,

^ Jagaunath. son

of Baja Bihan Afal, who hod the rank of 5,000, a robe of honour and a jewelled waist-.swon3.

Agam, I gave RauA Shankar, cousin of the BAna—to

PROJIOnOJfS. JftmCE or SfASOKAB,

17

whom my futhcr had jjivca the title nf Riuw., proposing H send him with Sliuaran ngaiost tho Raail, but at that Uroei lie (Akbar) becawifl a ^nqar (a falccm, i.e. he died)-—! a robo of hononf and a jewelled awoid, and sent him

with him. ,

I presented Miidho Singh, brothcr’a son of Kiua ilan Singh, and Itfiwal Sal Darbari with Hags, from this con- sideration, that they were always present at Court and belonged to tlie Sekhhwat" Rajpota, and were con- tidential servants of my father, fcjich receiM’d alno f ® , mnk of 3,000.

I promoted Sijaiyi Buknn-d-din the Afghan, to whom when 1 was prince I had given the title of ^ir ^an. from the grade of 500 to that of 3,600. Sfaiv ^hto m the head of hifl clan and a very valiant mam He Iwt hia arm by the sword in servifie egainsst the Uabeg^ ‘A Jdo-r- Rahman. son of Sbaikh Abu-l-M.

of Baja llan Singh, Zahid wm of bfidtq f^him. Wazlr

Jamfl. and Qam lOiAu TntkmAn were exalted to the rank

of 2 000; all these obtained robes of hononr and

and were dismnaed Mnnohar also

the expedition. Ho is of the tnbe of the

Kachl.waha-s, and on him in his young

bestowed many favoura He bad ^ ^

language, and. although from him up to Adam

of^^rstanding cannot l» attributed to

tribe, ho is not without intelligcnco. He nmkes Pen,.aa

verses, and the following is one nf Uis conplets.

• ShmM be SbirikMwsl. ^ tf.b^

. -nia R.A.S. LO. f J*"»A U» Lrjnrfi bore I tJilnkF fw Aimiwt RAn*^

waanilig H >b.t light i* rtgBOhrf " <•“»-

» The point of ‘he^r!™oi»d iflit t^t P*”

Lhin^ sprcAtl Itfc® ciuTC^ “ grcniw* ^

18

EXPEDITION AGAINST THE K^NA.

If the dotAiIs were to bo doncnb^ of all the cominandcrB and ^tv^nta appointed by me, with the conditions and conncctiotis and tank of each, it would be a long buKineHS. Many of my immediate atiendantA and pcPBOiml follower^ and nobles" sons, hoiiHe-boni ones and

£eaIouH Rajputa, petitioned to accompany this expedition A thousand aiiadis, the meaning of w^hich is single ones (Blochinonn, p. 20), were also appointed. In abort, a force wa« collected together sacli tliat if relianco on the Friend (God) wetB Vouchsafed^ It could have embarked qn oamity and conAict with any one of tlic inonarchs of powder*

‘* SoMicti canus up £ri33ii all Bein-Ug lifd frftni beriMf ot tlw world Iq bttUlq; Tlicy bud rmr df d^tK fmii] tba sharp nw-Ottf« No tdiror of wat«r^ qqd dd fligtit frcun fir»;

In YnJddr jungulor, In Tfgntir & cirowd,

-AuviIb id ondomuoDp rocks id

^Vhen I was prince I hnei entriisted, in consequence of ray extroino confidence ® in him, my own seal ■ to the Amlrti-Uoraaru (§hanf)p but when he waa sent off to the pro\7nco of Bihar I mode it over to Parw ix N^ow that Panviz went off against the Raim, I made it over, according to the former arraugement, to the Ajniru-l-unmrft,

Parwiz was horn of ^4bib-JaiuAl (Mistress of Beauty),

it 13 td inaolt th» roh, Omputo Pricdp p, gs; brat MAqolwr’ji irer» \3 wrongly liwulRhed there owing l^ m badly wHltod For StAnohir

wm AkbdTUAida. iii. and Bodftyunl, ibf, ^ 1 , aIao filoohmAdD, p. 4 P 4 . aod his arbicie in RtHtw for April, i$ 71 , alsd the D^hirtia,

tranidaiidn, ii, OS.

^ Probably here mmns hoih water and the wato oi tii^ owonL Those linea am not id the It. A.H, Or 10- MSS.

» T 4 ict,^i>d{ (cautiddh tbe MSS. bav* (qqn^nceh and I

■dd|iC this rtadiug.

■ BlochmAnn, p, &2 l It Was a aomO roued »ftL Cs^ or k

m Tartar word meaning « ridf, Le. a a%ndt-ring.

aiETHS OT ciniiOaEy.

L9

tho o! Zam l^tnn Kcka. who. in point of affinity,

was on the aaine footing* a« Mlr^ tl^burtwo

34th year of uty ffttliera reign, in the «ty of

yea«, and U^o month* after the birth of After

Lvoml other ehildren Inid been bo^ to me

received into God’a mcrey, a daughter ^ _

K.~n»i,> who Woogrf 10 Ih. Mthor d…..o J,tl« ohW ,«oivcd Ih. o.»0 o£ BiMr Bioo To

GoBii’lo* .iaoghtor ol Iho Mol* B0l» (‘»® ‘•* “J”>-

“rS™ sis*. Sl-o™-”*. “ ““ “’i

fatlior’a roigo. corresponding to A H- Lahore, Hia advent made the world joyous

■.• tA and tluH W Blott™«l»n (|». 477, nole ® *®

’ T«st, fii*>JlSW ,,rT«l wolt wnoct Jahingtr me*fc ‘"‘T"

jay that if aa>7«l «M.i ilf thom w» th® of

f^r^ltan. in tha n««taf (*rt U I»rt C«T«rt, «ho»]Eb

ParwTL Aa n farfir I O* 2JSSL bat*

R,A.s. MS. «««jritb iu ’ cc^

(«h>Uv«).wWcbiahe«^i^»^W ^

W by »™lci«.. Ih*isi «ncto rf Zain

S”k:S 1 aJSS..»>■ «•"’“ “■ ‘ •

• Pftoa, 1.- so. hw Akbam^ .jj tbe im»a et

memtha Karamsi PP^ "" «,). TTms ttam m? ™«“

. .nan; MO Akbamfijaa, ^ Prtoa i» ^

^compwto at k»«ioe»-’ ^ DinijM in bi* SOtb year (Bee

marritd la (a Jf. B*<li’* ptefaoS.

Tteak, M. Hidl’a eonltnnatitw, p. ^ Ri^, and her tlaiijbter

MS. haa a.11. lOW, ^bkh ,( hanttg bean bem

fiSiat !»ihJaliin’i

father Akbar g-« hi“ ^ that H» ebikl^

becBOM Ue Hrth BJada llw 8 ^ faUiet. be wni bofn

bem in tba erat '

lA tilfl pomit EMOt^ •*

!iO mams or cHJLPHEy. notice of mIeza oir.vz!.

ami ^dually, 08 liis years mcreatfEd, so did Jib, ascclJeiitjca, and he was toore attentive to my father than all (my) otlier children, who was exceedingly pleased with nnd I {grateful lor his services, and always rccoiiuiieDded him to , me and fretjuontly told me there was no comparison between him and my other children. He recognised liiin as his real child

After that s birth) some other children were

horn who died in infancy, and then within one mouth two sons were borne by coiicubince. One of thnsso 1 cant’d JohAndhr and tha other Shahtyir,’

About this time there came a petition from Sa’id Kban with regard to grantiiig leave to Miraa. fijifisii, who was ft aou of the mler of the proWnce* of Thsthah (Tattah in Sind)* I said that as my father had betrothed his sister to my son Khosrau. plame Ood, when this allianee caioo into force, I would 0ve him leave to retuni to Sind.

A year before I became king I had determined that I would drink no wine on Friday eve, and I hope at tho throne of God that Ho vrill keep mo firm in this rasolvo as lodf^ iL=t I live.

Twenty thou’iiand rupees were given to MirsA Muhammad Suhoju-Ari to divide amongst the faqirs and the needy of Delhi. Tho vdsiership of my dominions I pave in the proportions of half and half to iChou Beg,!> to whom when 1 was prince I had given the title of Waxim-l-mulk, and to Waair Shun * (Mmjtin), and I gave to Shaikh Farid BnkhAri, who held the rank of 4,000, that of 5,000.

iJl ‘bto a mLrtake. Tl«y v«»

both barn sb#nk the limo cf Ak W# d«tk ^

■ Iti MS. h’a SlOof Eihtf* c»a Of la Msa at’ld fq?iii tn tlMcrib«U H irnig lu ^ for Mking for iL that he W odotacd him

“i*!m.T*V * ‘•ahsii^, |i Si, seyt tbo thing;

This tbmiJd Jii 4 tmd u fo Lq 1,0. ]KJ

The tMaxiiog’ef H» half hdlf »

toa two iKiQd wQiti izuide

paononoNS of officers.

21

I pTomot«i Rftm Dr.s KiichhwfihR. f

faLml, Mtd held the mok of 2,<KK), to tl^t o 1 Keut dr.^ of honour to Rostato, *n of Mir^

Sdiao Uu^ain aod «raud«>u of aL«h the r^r o

Oandahnr. and to ‘Abdu-r-Rahlm Si-ukhanao, o Bairftin Kb&o, to Iraj and ™

nobles attache! to the Deodan(comm^d>

of ■Abdu-r-Rabn.in. son of llua>-;pd Beg^ he had ^e to court without a simimonH, I o or*-^ ^ kiaga

1 It ift not according to good luaime™ to ^ „rtn1d be no

banquet without a JohJ™

forbidding ul the doors and walls to the foot o _ .

A n,Ih bad elapsed after my

when lAla Beg, who ^ting on

title of B47 Bahadur, obtained the blessing nn.. His muk. which luui Wn l.SOO was I promoted him to the

2m rupe«c Ba* Baluidur is of the lueaga ofj^e a tendan^ of onr family; hLs father’s and he was librarian to HumRyb.

i» a BAjpat of the pru^oe of „f

lo\Tilty than hia contemporanea. I p«raot«l » w

to t=ll«t tl™. »! ‘’“„.!» tl.™

ioto my tomry ■ d„vM,m ood r«1o«i»>.

learned and pious men. retainet* of the

When Qiiij fLhan, who was one of th« old

State in my him

govcmuient of the province of

with a lakh of rupees for his exF’– ^

1 In B.a.S. I.(X Maa. ih* ~ S** •»*

Mr. Lo^f* UiuidiUtlon. (J. 10- _ iwihe nuni Jw™.

J If’fW mm^* ’ daily prtifltU!®,’’VuUo’Tinf Bluetasn**- . ct thfc. *.th the iullrr f^;‘^^i;:rFriaay niid.^

I uke Sbsb-i-Juin’^ ^ Thiirt™y

22

ftDR JAHAS, OHITXS BEG.

Sudr Jahiin fttiiii the nuik of 2,000 to that of 4,000. I knew kiiu in tiiy childtumd when I refid the “Forty Sayings with S)}aikh ‘Abtlti-n-Xahl/ whueie history is giAen in detail iit the Akb&niTtinA, From these early days till now Ifirtui Sadr Jahiln haa acted towards me with mngle-mfoded loyalty, and I regard him aa luy preceptor in rcJigrcniH matters WluLtfc I was prince and

before ijiy revered fatlier’a illness, and during that time, when the muiiaters (pillars of the Stoie) and the high nobles had become agitated, and each had conceived some idea of gain for himself and adshcd to become the originator of some act which could only bring niin on the State, he hrnl not failed in the activity of his service and devotetlness. Hax-ing made ‘liiAyat Beg.* who for a long period In the reign of my father had been Master of Works /myWai) and held the rank of 700, Imlf-vmier of tiiy dominions in the place of Wozir Klmn, I gave him the high title of Itiniadn-d’daula with the rank of 1.500, and ^ n appointed Wuair KJjan to the of the proiTJice of

Bengal and aaaigned to him the settlement of the revenuea thereop To Patr Dfts, who in the time of my father had title of Ray R«yan, I gave tlie title of Rnja* Bikramajit. The latter was one of the great Rajas of India, and it was m hw lyign that astroiionucaj observatories were establuihed in fndia. I made Patr Daa iltujtcr of Ordnance, and ordered that he should always liave light artillery * in the

RiLH!! ‘AMu-l.liyuni, but thL», W thfl MSS, jJwmt ond

vita ^ ^ ■AtsIu.n.N.bL ‘Alxlu-n-

Ah^’lT^ wnuiita report ia tlwt thiii timi bj-

mentia ^ t ^ >■’ lurprising that Jahingir dosi nA

Tk? f*T!’ Ct of

“■ “Forty SoySrp*” bi * book hy

io rhn M I —Uo li»» fotborof Xorjohin. Actcnlilio

• ^ ™ romnuustof or 1,W0 o«kr

• lit. *tirtt.|>Ar.«oal, It muoa, light ortiUriy t^t ocoomjiouj royil pnsjTeoMi. 9co Bernier,ond Irvioe, A. of M.,

grants of JAOIBS.

23

arsenal. 50,000 light guna‘ and 3.000 giui-carriagi*. ready and in efficient order. He was a khfili-l hy c^. d ww m iiiy father’s semcij from iK^ing a^^uintiidl the ekpluinte stables to be diwan and an amir. He is not wonting m militaiy qualities and in adniioistraHvc ekxlL I mode Kbunaut, the non of SMn A’nam (‘Ania Koka), who had had the mnk oF 2.000, an officer of 2.500,

it was iny desire that many of the Akban aud

JaLngirl offiee«i should obtain the

I infotnied the bokhahis that whoever wished to have his hirthplacv* made into hia jagir should a repmseota^ fo tliat effect, 80 that in accordance with the ,

f (am) the estate might be conveyed to him by <

Ll Lnne HLh property, and he ^ght be Lprehension of change. Onr ancestors and _

were in the habit of gfimting jogira to proprieiarj^ title, and adorned the FaniianB for the^

L «i tamskA seal, which is an i.nprei^’d vermilion «d ink), I ordered that ^ co^

the plae>e for the seal ndth gold-leaf and impress

the seal thereon, and I called this the aUm tamgk^

I T.. r^A. wHie. —

RMPaWi* . «iiiypU* Aiful lu^ ^

capitjiL EwkiHchw

ntl accestnuaimt for n«iKlniU«*, 1«»

for eViSB if Jshtojfir ’^.“ 7 . ^ to tto that iJwb^Ii

nxtuired ijuim lote keiO- ‘a . _ jt is ocaidioiMlIy

j i. T.HJ „ u. ,ip. -

oaeJ hy India* ”1, in HiiHlastam wo sTo familisr with

naeftttfi » rt«id| gnn « ■ p, SOI ot Um Tiltui.

Uia woKl cfci7iiJBifAIp whjct which moAfi* An

fanr H*» ft™. fo<. wo at im tbia orBe, a«l

Ainbaiouulor—SD agent of S jj, i^ faowetcr. doubllal tf

apparendy » moa* o titter Of h«t-ca H ««.

tfc-M hoiw ho the tnio nsuliofr i- „;,to (n>l4), ^ ®boi

oJt-s- isowh ‘ Jr rUi^

Jflbi^iglr marnr^ tO« 1“

24

niszA sultak. jur siuroH deo.

1 had weJycted from the other aon^ of Sbahrukli, Minal Sultro.* son of Mirza Sb^nil^ tlie grandson of Mirafi Sulftimnn, wlio was a descendant (jgraat-grandson) of Mirzfi SuJian Abu Sa’Fd and for a long lima mler of Bardakhsluin, and with conaait of my* revert’d father brought him into niy service. 1 count him os a son, and have promoted him to the rank of 1,000. J also promoted Bhao Singh, eon of Rujn Man SiagJi and the most capabJe of hiH sons, from hia origtnal rank to tlmt of 1,500. I raiswl ZsijiAnn Beg,* son of Qlinyar Beg of Kabal, who has oen-wi me peraonalJy from Ms childhood, and who, when I was prince, iw from the grade of an dmdi to that of 500, giving him the tiBo of ilahabat Khfui and the rank of 1,500. He wm confirmed as bakhshJ of my private establishment

I promoted Raja Bir Singh Beo, a Bandela Rajput, who Jwd ohtamed my favour, and who excels his cuimla •md reUtives in valour, personal gotMness, and simple- h^rtodnros. to the rank of 3,000. ITie rea«m for his advan^ment and for the rogaid shown to him ana that n^r the end of my revered fathers time, Sjoikh Abu-l-fari, who excelled the ShaikMiadas of Hindu.*itan in wisdom and Irarning, had adonied hlumelf outwardly a-ith the jewel of ein^rity, and sold it to my father at a hraiy price. lie Iiad b^u summoned from the Deccan, and. since Ida failings towards me were not honest, he both publiely and privatelv spoke a^inst me. At this period when, through strife’- exciting mtriguen. the august feehuga of my royal father

were cntirely^embittorod against me, it was certain that if

^ opined tMf honour of waiting on him (Akbar) it would he the cause of mow confimioii. and would pri’clude me

’ SultAn mi gToot-graiKUcra of SoUimaii.

rahspii tbe referteoe in te Uw Uur’s own fmluw w i-

Slid AiUr w*, not K™d,„at

k Ihe nue wbp p/torwarf. mWW *ad n»4o Jphingir hip

25

from the favour of union with him (my filth pr>. It became jiticenBary to prevent liim from cennihg to Court As Bir Singh Deo’u country’ was exactly on hw route and he wa« then ft rebel, I aont liiui a meSHage tiuit if he would atop tliat sedition-monger .vnd kill liiin ho would nsseivo every kindness from me. By God’s grace, when Sbuiki* Abu-hfa?l WAS passing through Bir Singh Deo s country, the blocked his road, And after ft little contest sciittercd Ins men and killed him. He sent liis head to me in Allaha^id. Although this event was ft cause of anger m thu mind ty the late king (Akbar), in the end it enabled me to proeced without disturbance of mind to kiss the threshold of in) father’s palnce, and by degrees the resentment of the king was cleared away.

I made 5lir Zij-ft’u^-din of Qa«wm, who had done me aervico in the days of my princehood and Iwid shown loyalty, commander of 1.000 and accountant of the sUblL^ An order was given tliat every day thirty horses h o bo produced before me for the purpose of making presen^ 1 honoured llirza ‘AU Akba^liAhi. who Ls one of the ^ tingnished hmvea of Uiia family,* with the raiik of 4.000. and gave him the sarkar of Sambhal as his jagir.

One dftv the Amiru^l-nmArn (Sharif Kiiiin) greatly pleoaed by an’ incideutal reiAark. ft was this i “ Honeat^nd dishonatty are not confined to matters of cash and go^e : to represent .lualitiea an exiating in acriunintAncca which

1 BlscWiiadi. i»2 n-l iW» “ ■

dcmif-l^term, *AU from

tW MSS. Of the Tdiuk i-Iihilagtrt 1 e«l no toH hut the

L«Us f• irfilii. ’ ihU icil” tonilv.’ muti I thiuk this lPUJ*t h« tht curwrt S’ nSt lo ih. Th. Ijuww ^

loflTO lirohttble Ui»t tim wool

tJ Mirrt ‘-til i* olten amnliollsU m d» .

ir,r„ *ilh d- war. th. itencnJtr

JI22S: t ; the M.’isire4 ua«ri, iil. »7. oed met.., F !<»•

26

DESIGNS urON IRAXSOSIAXA.

do not; exist, and to cooceoJ the lueritoHoua ^jnnlitiea of stran/vcrij, ia dishonesty. Id tnith, honesty of speech consists in mnkin^’’ no distinction betivecn Intiizuttca and etrangciH and in describing endt man as he really isL"

Wien I sent off Punvia I had said to him, “ If the Rana hiniHolf, and his eldest son who is called Kam n, should come to -wiiit upon you and pn>ffer service and obedience, you should not do any injury to his territory." My intention in this reconimcndation was of two kinds; one, that itiasinuch as the con<juegt of Transoxiana was always in the pure iiiiud of my revered father, though every time he detenuined on it things ciccurred to prevent it, if this basine.ss could be titled, and this danger dismiJisod from my mind, I would leave Pai-wiz in Hiridustan, and in reliance on Allah, niyaeJf start for my hereditary terriboricH, especially os at this tjmo there was no pcmianent ruler in tliat region, Khan, who, after ‘Abdu-llali Shan and

‘Abdu-I-lfu’inla Kbau, Ilia son, had acquired complete inde* pendenec. had died, and the aflaits of Wdi Jluhammad Shall, his brother, who is now- the mlcr of that region, luul not as yet Ijeen brought into proper order. Secondly, to bring about the tcrnimntion of the war in the Deccan, of wfiicli a part in the time of my rei’ered father had b«n acij aired, so tliat it might come into poascssfon, and bo incorporated with the Imperial douiinions. My hope ia tlmt through the favour of Alloh both these undertakinga will be accomplished.

■* Though a king aheuld seize thb Mt-on cUates,’

He slid wooj’d labetlf to take OtlterS."

I promoted MirzA Sbahru]^ ,* grandson of Miir2A SulaimAu. (once) tile ruler of Btidakhshan, who was nearly’ related to

1 The uss. luivo a diffisroftt ntiiiitg, « [f ^ king scim country awl dSlfics,^ eft

• was marrjetl to Jahangtr’a baU-niUrr, SbufcanJ.a-ijiat Ho

wuit a. n£mir]d+

ACCOTJSl? OF StlKZA SBAHRTJM.

27

iny familyj and held the rank of 5,000 in my fathers aarvioe. to the rank of 7,000. The Mirw is a trao Turk in disposition and ample-mindsL 51y father conferred grt«t honour on him, and whenever he bade hia own »na sit he gratified him also with this .distinction, :Kotwith* standing the uiiflchievo\iK propcmdt 1 « 2 fl of the people of Badakhshan, the Minsa in this familiarity never left the right nwd, or undertook anything that might lead to nnpleaeanlncsa, 1 confirmed him in the Suboh of Malwa just a« my father hod kindly conferred it on him*

I conferred on Khwfija ‘Abdudlah, who b of the Nafieh- bandi family, and in the cowmcncemDnt of his service was on ahadi. and who had risen by degrere hi the command of 1 000, but withont reason had gone into my father a service, the renk and jagir my father luid conlerrcd on him Although I considered it heat for uiy own pr<^‘nty tlia^ my attendanta and people should go into hia (Ak^s) service, yet this had occurred without my leave, and I wm mthcr annoyed at it But the fact is that he is a manly and zealous mani if he had not committed this fault he W’ould Imve been a fruitless hero (jawa»^

Abu-n-naljl.’ the Uzbeg, who is one of the distinguished inhabitants of ilfre-arfi’a-o-nahr and in the time of ’ Abdud- Mii’min Khan was governor of Mashhad, obtained the

rajjk of 1 ^ 500 ^ 1 t’ * 1 .

Shaikh llasan is the sou of Shaiy. Baha.* From the

day’s of hb childhood to thb day he lias always been m tuy Her\ ie8 and in attendance on me. and wbsn I was pnnes xvBH dUtingubhed by tbe title of Muqarrab ^An. He was very active and alert in his service, and m bunting would often tniverse long di-Htaneca by my side. He »

I Tho JlsiS. have Abd l wsH, oad mm Ukrty.

■ tLs bfrVHS Bhin*, Prii*’* to

Kara teen D,»[h>imtlira See p. » rf J ‘«*t «< Tflwak,

28

UPlUajUJj KHXx. naqTb K Hly ,

T.«. 4 - J ^ “•‘cefitonst also had beoti well

practised m this profession. After loy accesaioa in con ^doneo of the perfect confidence I had b him, I Jent lun:

t^rl„„p„ t» child™ .„d d.|K™i.„t, of

^hcr U«,j«| to ,vait to, to,, tod ao«t . ,„cto.to to ,ha ^khtoto to ItoT and high «anh’ nini ptogSda aj- ™p,l.»to. Mh-innah SUn p>rton„«i thia stovicn con-totly

rf (hT^f ? ; “Kl tl» “»M™

W to^ h ‘»•’ !«” W‘ behind

-i-hlfh MCTrily, together with Ida

,™bl,ahn,.„t and ptoperty and efll^k t. Lahen, anS

there printed them before me.

S?. 6 , 2 “ 7 Tfh“ r’i’* -Air’tt:

4^- J l^iogmplJes. The,,

^*oHd the inJmUted

time, he has by fiLrt U^tefotf

‘^orld Has illnr 4 . the

t,Y. StdiiagwH, av. tVc«U

will the ‘i,f^ t»i^BrTfea, dfepiiSing

A^coiinff m B4.4C 1? M ‘»“■ F -rrf

With w(Kim Atbptr reqd ttL ^ ffltiusr,

ruiiE7arrLv^ in aJ!Wl Lw

«~ On. x«,,b j J ijaS:-«“.2s:rt »

Dtl^BREAS OF RAJPUTS.

^9

Shaikh Kabir, who woii of the fauiity of the vtrnemblo Sisaikh Salta, I had honoured with the title of SbajiVat Kiji’m wlien 1 w’uk prince, on uocount of bia iiianlincHM and btavoiy. I now flclected hinii for the rank of 1,00&.

On ShftMAn 27th (28th Deoeniber, 1G05) a strange thing wn^ done by the sons of Akhnj’iAj, son of BiiagwAa l^aa, the paternal uncle ‘ of Kaja Man Singh, These unlucky ones, who l»ro the iiomea of AUiay Rain, Bijay Bam, and Sbyam ItAm, Were exceedingly iiniiiodcnite, Notwithstanding tltat the aforeaaid.Abhay Bam lmddoneiniproper(di»propQiiioned) acts, 1 liad winked at his faults. When at this date it was represented to me tlmt this wretch was desirous of despatching his wives and children without leave to his own eountry and afterwards of lunuwlf running away to tlie liiinu, who is not loyal to this family, I referred to Ram Das and other Rajput nobles, and said to them that if any one of them would boooiue security for tiiem, I W’ould confirtii the rank and jagir of those wretches, and passijig over their oiTenoes would forgive them. In conswjucnce of their excessive turbulence and bad disposition no one became security. 1 told the Amiru-l-uniara tbit as no one would be bound for tbemjhe}’^ innst be handed over to the chatgo of one of the servants of the Court nntd security waa forthcoming. The Amiru-l^iimara gave them over to Ibrahim KhAn Kakar, who was afterwards dignified with the title of Dilawar lOiafi. and flAtim,* s^-cond son of Maogli, who held the tide of gbAhnawAa KbAm* When these wished to diaano these foolish people, they refiiMed, and. not observing the dues of good manners, began, together with their ser%’nnta. to i|uarrel and fight. The Amim-l-umarA reported the circumstance to me, and 1 ordered them to he

’ l£i« Singh wm the edorSed «”* “f DAip. end U WWM

fr™ tWi iwtw thl4 t w« tieljlww ,

MSii luwc^tiw e. BAtei UMgli, lld llii N right. Sea

BlochmeiSit KCV k end |3, 4i3,

The MSS, tAvv fibthvir.

30

mOT. SHAISH Hl-SAiy J^jU’s

punished according to their deeda. Ho betook himself to dnnng them off, ood I aent FnrJd also after idm.

One Rajput anued vnth a swoid, and anot her iritli n dn^r stood up to the Aiiiiru-i-nriiatH, One of hw attojidante

Tlie Rajput also vrna cut to pieces. One of the Afghan uttoudanta of the Annru-l-uniara att4u:kcd the one who Imd the en-ord and killed hirm Dilawar Shan d«w dagger an^ tunred towards Abhay Ra™. who with two othen. WM holdjng his ground, and after wounding one of ^ese fell dnmi ^ter rMeieing wounds (rom the three.

^!Zjf ‘5 ‘’^ Amiru.].uruurfi these doomed men. A Rajput drew his sword and tumed to Shaikh Farid; he wa.s met by a IlahaJj slave, who brought him down. This disturb^ce took place in the oourtyatd of the public palace, that pu^nient served os a H’aniing to many wJm had not S Abu-n-nabii represented that if

fldv ^ county* the whole

^,ly mid cmmeclions of that hand of men would Imvo

been d^roy^. I replied that as these people had been treaty kindly and plicated by my revered father I carried

manv^ ^ justice demands that

many shall not chastised for the fault of one,

Huwin Jami, who now sits on the ctiahion of aTOn_tv and m one of the disciples of the dervish of Shiras * had wntton to me from J.aJiore sir months befoio my

ti-t d™„„ a,.. „„ >

i ear dc« tia R. JLS. ilS. eicSstoH .

AllC-L-QiSIM NAMAKTX.

31

chosen one of the Court of Alluli (Jahangir), atid that, rejoicing in this }?ood news, he ahouW await the event, and tliat he liopcd that when it had occurred, the fanlta of lOiwiijA Zftkariyj*tt, who was one of the AJ|rari>would

be pardoned®

I conferred on Tosh Beg Forji * who wos one of the old servantB of the State, luid whom my father iiad hoooured with the title of Taj Khan, and who had the rank of 2,000, tliat of 3,000, and I raised Tuyita* Beg KAhuli from the rank of 2,500 to that of 3,000. He is a bravo and active man. and won greatly trusted in the service of my uncle, Mirvii Mnhommiid Hakim. I promoted Abu-l-Qilaim Tamkiu,* who w-aa one of my father’s old uervanta. to the rank of 1,500. Tliere are few men ftuch os he for ahondaace of children ; he has thirty sons, and if his daughters do not number so many they must be lialf that number. I dignified.Sbai|di ‘Ala’n-d-din, grandam of ghai)^ Sttllin, wlio had strong connectimis with me, with the title of Islum. Kban, and promoted liim to the rank of

1 TPhar i*. d«o0iiaed frow tta

bay» fsUoa cut of Uie test lud MSS., thb- Odd nut cenueemd with the ccatcrl, ll IS ensaw .□ PtiM’s vortion. whem It Is lirottgat lu «

Uibqut prtmctici«. cud V-lie™ (jt 40) «ro niod ii.

rolura to tlio mew ipwtoful selij^ cf IfKltrtia Mnh*m<nai

title of SsftMfir » lu

» ShcuU be SamiAlc. Sto Blochawaa, p. 1»

32 PEOStOTlONS* DISCtS^^IC^N WITH PA^T5IT@.

2,000. Ht” hrid grown up with lae from hh ohOdhood, and may be a year yotmger than L He Ls a bravo and welJ- diKp<mitJoned youth ^ and is dL^tingxitSfhijd in eveiy way above Ilia family, TiJJ now ho hoa never dnitik inboTlctiting’ drinka, and hw sincerity tnwarda me ia ^lach that I have honoured him with the title of hop*

I have beatowod on ‘Ali il^ghai- Barha, who has pot a rival ill bravery and ^seahand ia the son of Sayjdd Mabmud Khan Bar ho, ono of my father’s old pqhles.the title of Saif Khrui. and thua dlntinguished him aninngjrt. his oquais and connections. He is evidently a bra^^e youth. He waa aJw ays one of the conddential men who went with me to hunt and to other places. He lias never in his life dnink anything i ptoxicating, and os he Iins abstained in his youth he probahly will attain high dignities. I granted him the rank of 3,000.

I promoted Fandhn, son of >!nbamiiiad Quli Khmi Burlaa. who held the mnk of 1,000, to that of 2.00g. Farfdun is one of the tri be of Chaghaiiy^ and b not devoid of miuiEineas and courage-

I promoted Bayazid, grandson of §]jaiMl Soltnj,

who held the mnk of 2,000, to that of 3,000. The first person who gave me milkj but for not mom than a day, was the mother of Shaikji Bayazid*

• One day I oht^ired to the Fandito, that is^ the wise men of the Hindini, If the doctrines of your religion arc booed on the incarnation of the Holy Person of God Almighty in ten different forms by the process of metemp^^chofds, they are virtually rejected by the inteUigent. This pernicious Idea requires that tlio Subliiiic Cause, who ie void of all IhuitatlooHji should be po63^!ascd of length, hreadth, and thickne£H« If the purpose is the manife^itationof the Ijght of God in those bodies^ that of itself is existent equal ly in

• ThiH pwMgv hflft beflU tnmHlalicd by ELlict {vl^ 3fia)w Sh also Price fjfc. 44J, where tha dbciusvioii la fuUcrp

01SCCSSIOS iVlTH PAS pita. AKBAlt’S PERSO S. 33

all created things, and is not peculiar to these ten forms. If tho idt^a is to establUh «onie one of God’s attributes, oven then there is no right notion, for in cvei^ faith and code there are iiiaatera of wondem and uiiracleH distinguiabed beyond the other men of their age for wisdom and elotiueiice.’’^ After much argument and en<lli.-an wmtro- veray, they acknowiedged a (3od of Gods, devoid of a body or Indents,* and said, ” As our imaginarion fails to cow- ceive a fonnlcas personality (sdt-i-mviarrtKf>. we do not tind any way to know Hiin without the aid of a form. We have therefore made these ten forma the meana of conceiving of and knowing Kim." Then said I, " How tmn thtjse forms bo a UKmns of your approacMtig the iJeity f My father always asBOciatwl with the learned of every creed and religion, especially with Pandits and the learned of India, and although he was illi torato. so much bocainu clear to him through corwtant iuteTOmnw witli the learned and wise, in Ids coovcnsations witJi them, tliat no one kimw him to be illiterate, and he was so acquainted with the niceties of verse and prose compositions that his deficiency

was not thought of.

In his august personal appearance he WM of mi height, but inclining to be tall; he was of the hoc ^ whi^t, his eyes and eyebrows were black, and bis comple^on mthor dark thau fair; he was lion-bodied,* w-itb a br^ chts , his hands and arms long. On the left side of h» he had a fieshy mole, very agreeable in appcanuiee. of tht sum

ilHKinCCt la thw poawHfB. „

• Lirenitly. " ot d*® ’ whicTt I tkia rto

• T«*t. 1 fl» ward.

SirJ’iss

word* mm

3

34

of h^ilf n TbosMi ftk-illed in the science of phyaiogooiiiy

considered this mole a ciEgn of great praetperity add estceediiig gcxid fortune. His anguat voice wah very loud, jiiiti in si>eaking and cxpUining had a pE^C;^l 1 a^ riclmesH. In hia actions and movomentti he was not like the people of the worlds and the glory of God dumifested itself jii hinL

*’ OrefltEUsfl^ in bin mstEiDcri. kingifthliii in hl-Hi Ar it SoXoniDEi wquM liAVD put the rinff oq hw ftngtsr.’’ *

Three inonthfj after ray birth my sister. ^Ahxiida l^amm, tras bom to one of the royal cgacubitiea; they ^vo her over to his <Akbar’s) mother. Maty’am ^fnkaol. After her a son was bom to one of the concubiaea, and received the name of g^b ifnrad. As hui birth occurred in the hill countiy of Fathpflr, ho was lucknanied Pahdri. Wlieu my revered father sent him to conquer the Deccan, he had taken to excesaivc drinking throngh associating with unworthy persons, so that ha died in his 30th year, in the neighboorliood of JftlnApiir, in the provinoo of Bemr. His personal appearance waa fresh-coloured ; he was thin in body and tall of stature. Dignity and authority were e^‘ident in his inovemcnts, and raanlim^s and bmveiy manifested themselves in hi.s ways. On the night of JnmAdA-l-awwal lOth. A.U. 979 (September, 1572), another ✓ son was bom to one of the concubines. As hia birth took place at Ajmir in the house of one of the attendants of the blessed shrine of the reverend SiwAja Mn’inu-d-din ChiahtI, whoM name was ghaikh Duniyal. this child was called DniLiyAl.

After the death of my brother ghah .Murad, he (Akbnr), towards the end of hia reign, sent Danij-al to conqner the Deccan and followed him himself. When my revered father was beaegiag Asir (As’ugarh) he, with a largo body of nobles such os the Khankhanan and his sons, and Mlrxii Yusuf Sh^. invested the fort of Ahmadnagar, and it came

^ Enkioi^ hmB ** SiiLumiUi plu» liLi riflij cjn hia

ACCOUNT OF aULTA!^ DIniTAL.

35

into the posaeadan ot the victorioufl about the tiine

that Asir was takeiL AEtei* ** my father ^Areh-aaliyajii hod tetumcd in prosperity and victory from Burlmnpnr towards hb capital, he gave tlio province to DAniy&l and left hun in posdeeeion of that territory. Duniyai took to improper ways^ like his brother Sjb^h Mnrild, and mon died from erceasive drinking, in the 33 rd year of hia age. Hia death Declined in a peculiar waj. He wm very fond of gum and of hunting with the gun. He named one of his guns yaka H jandzat ’ the oame as the bier/ and himseLf composed this couplet and had it engraved on the gun:—-

Fro^ Ihft Joy cf tfaa thmso vith LbMp life \» fresh &iu3 uw $

Ta ftr« 3 ‘onfl wHoai thy (lort itriisw, *tfit Uw same an hii bkr.’^ *

When his drinkiDg of wine was carried to excesSp and the circumstance was reported to my father^ farmans of reproach were sent to the ^OnyianaiL Of course he forbade it, and placed cautious people to Icmk after him properly^ When the road to bring wine was completely dosedp he began to weep and to importune some of his servanta, and oaid i Let them bring me wim in any possible way/’ He said to Mur^id Quil Kbftu, a musketeer who was in his immediate service: Four some wine iato tbia yoha u janiiM, and bring it to That wretch, in hope of favour,

undertook to do thiSp and poured double-dlistilled ^iritinto the gtiUp which Imd long been nouriahed on gimpowder and the scent thercofp and brought itu The rust of the imti w^ dissolved by the streugth of the spirit and mingled with it^ and the prince no sooner drank of it than he fell down.

** No OEMS jlscnM ■ InuI otflopi»*

H Iftd ilMp h* ilrmTS it Twr klmMlf."

• PHoft

** In plfauiuiv of tlw dimi# with th«, mj stral hret!w fnsth and cl««r [ Bot who rcceivoft thy IntaJ tlari, ainka on ht bier.

» PuW t* ibB CBIM whidi DiiMyil gt# hi jjiiil. MkEl

which MNWilcd tm. hiniiwM, hoi the M3S. v>d takl hm™ myfrad, md not

\

DlXlTlL AND

DAniyal wiut of pleMing fijEpiro, of eicwdmi^ly o^enblo niBnnaTtt aiid ftppearauc* ‘ his was veiys fond of elepIuinU and horsoH. It was impossible for hiin to Jiear of anyone OH having a good honse or oluphimt; and not toko it from him. Ho was fond of Hindi songs, and wdald DDcooiotially compose vdikco with comict idiom in tbn language of the people of India, which were not bod.

After tho birth of DdniyAl a daughter wjui bom to BiW DauJat-.^id wliom they oained Shakaru-n’niaA Begnnn^ Ah she wiia broiiglit up in the skirt of my revemd fatlier’a csore, she turned out very well. She is of good disposition aud natumlly compassionate towards all people. From infancy and childhood she has been extremely fond of me, and there can be few such relationship between broUicr and sister. Tho first time when, according to the custom of prefaing the breast of a child and a drop of milk is perceptible, they pressed my sinter’s bjwast and milk appeared, my revered father said to me: “Bahai drink this milk, that in truth this (aster may be to thee as a mother” God. the kuower of secrets, knnwH that from tliat day forward, after 1 drank tliat drop of milk, I hove felt love for ray sister such as children have for their mothera,

After some time another girl was bom to this Bibi I>aiitnt-.^iud, and he (Akbar) called her Aram BAiift Begam.* Her dutposition waa on the whole inclined to excitement aud heaL My father wos very fond of her, so much so that ho described her impolitenesses oa politeuesses, and in his august «ght they, from his great love, did not appear bad. Repeatedly he honoured me by addressing me, and arid: “BabA ! for my sake be os kind us I am, after me, to this sister, who in Hindi phraso is my djurling

’ The itsu. h>ra ghaluir.Duir, * Sba livwl iota

• Eho died unmAfricd m retgn.

liULOGIUlT OF AKlIAlL

S7

^that is, dearly ehemiied). Be Birectionat« to hoi: and ptkss ^ jovor her Httlo impolitenesafs and Lnipudoiicoa’*

^ I The good qualitJo^ of my njvertjd fntlior aro heyond the y Uimit of approval and the bounds of pniise. If books wer& ^ compoe^-d Avith regard to hb comineiidtvble dJspOflitioniip ^without Huapicioii of extraA’ogiitice, and he be not looked at m A father AA’ould be by bis son, oven then but a little out of much could lit said.

Xotwitiitttonding hia kingship and his tiuaflures and liis buHed Wealthy which were beyond the scope of (xumtiog and iniagination, his tighting eleplianta and Arab horscst he iieA’cr by & hair^s breadth placed Ids foot beyond the boRo of humility before the thie>nc of C3od, but considered himself the lowest of created beings, and never for oae moment forgot God,

** AJwK^m irith beviJ in every circuit*Uineoi

K«i> the eye nf tby heart Fwomtly fl^ed on the Belied, “

Tlie pwfessora of various faithe had room in the broad cxpanKQ of his incompaniihle sway. Tliis was different from the practice iti other rcaliuB, for in Perain ^ there ia room for Shins only, and in Turkey. India, and TOran tlu?n? is room for aSunnii^ only-

As in the wide expaiLse of the Divine compaiwion tliero is room for all classes and the followers of all creeda. bo, on the principle thnt the Shadow* lunst have the same properties as the Light, in Jiis dominions, wluch on all sides were Kniited only by tlie salt sea, there waa rwita for the professors of opposite religions, and for V.ielie£» good and bod. and the road to altercation was closed- Stinius and Slxias met in one mosque, and Pranks and Jews in one church, and observed their own forms of worahip.

i Thi» mart, I UiiHfc. b, tl,* nKsnia^.

th. rta.em.pvt wnuW to I- dml th-f- » P« 77’/“p^

Ptnia. Krsfcine hm “ Non* Imt Shtrt. •« in P**™, »>«»”“ *“

KAm fliul TOtia, ■nJ Himle* ta Hinplartanr

• Kinjr* are n!jiMUil U ■hadpnr «!

38

EFlOGXtrjI OF AXBAH.

He asHdciatod ^th the good of every race and creed and pcrauaaioii, and wna gradomi to aU m accordance with their condiiiun and nnderatanding. He passed hia nighta in wakefulness, and slept little in the day ; the length of hia sleep during a whole night and day in^cthe>ne»m) was not more than a waleh and a half. Ho counted hia wakefulness at night as ao much added to his life. His courage and holduess were such that he could mount meing, ratting elephants, and subdue to obedfenea murderDus elephants which ^-ould not allow their o^vn fcnuiles near tliem^although even when an elephant» bad- tempen^ he does no harm to tho female or hia driver^ and were in a state in which they might have killed

their drivers or the females, or not have allowed their appr^h. He would place hinmelf on a wail or tree near whji^ an elephant was passing that had killed its mahout and broken loose from restraint, and, putting his trust in Gods favour, would throw himself on its hack and thus, by merely mounting, would bring it under contral and tAXue it Thifi was fejKjatedij aeen.

He aswnded the throne in his lith year. Hemu, the intdel whom the Afghan ruler had raised to high station.

*r Humilyftn’s death.

Ti <ilephant8 such as no ruler of Hindustan

had at tliat time, and ha went towards Delhi. Hnmayim ^ ap^mted Akbar to drive off some of the Afghans the foothills of the Panjab. but just then ho eiemplihed hemwtich which is a description of tlie accident and the chronogram of his death—

Etoi,™ Ktta, wko «•„ th» hi tutor, hor-ioB ooltetai tho noWo, who h. u,, ^

’ Tl.e ehnHM^rani Eg jfcklling ms af

r

30

hour oud (seated him on the throne of mle in pftTjtiiiia

Knlaiifir, near Lahore. t * -r _j

When Hemu reached tht* ncighhcutrhood of Delhi, Tardt Beg Kb*n “id a loige foiW tl»*t W(W in the city drew up to oppose him. When tho preparations for the comUt hod been made the armies iittacked one another, and, after coiuudeiable endeavoiuu and strife, defeat fell on Taidi Beg Kban and the Mogols, and the army of darknosss oveTcamu the army of light.

« All tWflgH »™l IwttiM aiifl %lii*

Ho knowa whwe will l(o Ih* vfoteiy,

Ram tb» Wood of iho 1 ™it* md tho doit cd U* troops.

Tlw earth grow ivd mi 4 Uia hfia^onf*

Tardl Beg ““d the other defeated onea toiA ^e

toad to my revered fathers camP- As Baiiftm libiMi disliked Taidi Beg. he niode this defeat an eseuae to put

him to deaths j ^

A (second time. thiougH the pride engendered m the

mind of this accursed infidel by hi, victo^. He

Delhi with hi, force and elephant, and advanced, while the

glorions rtandaids of Hi- il-jesty (Akbar) proceed from

KaUnur for the purpose pf driving him awaj^

of darkness and light met in tlie ncighhoorli^ of

and on Thursday, Muliarmm 2nd. a,M. b64 0^^^

1SS6). a fight took place. In

;TO.OOO brave fighting hP™e™en. while the _

victorious army were not more ‘ha«

that day Hema uoa riding an dephant miuKd HaaiT Suddoolv an arrow struck the eye of that infidel oral e^e out at back of hi, iHod. His army, on o^ing th^ took to flighk By charade SMd« Q«Il ^

driver, but he cried “ Do hot kill me; Hemu elephant.” A number of men

os L was to the king (AklNrr). Bairam Sbon npre«nt

AK Bab’s aciiievbmejits.

4D

that it would bfl proper if the kinj^ with his own Imud shoiiM strike thu intidel with n sword, su that Dbtuiiiuu the rewaiti of a gh£jd (warrior of the Faith) he tiiii^hb tise this title on the imperial farnians. Tlio hin^’ nusw em], “1 have cut him in pieces beforo this,” and explained; " One day, in Kabul, I waa copjniig a picture in presence of Khwfija’Abdu-S’f^aruudShiriii Qalaiii, when a form appeared from my brush, the parts of which were separate and divided from each other. One of those near asked, * Whose picture is this ?’ It came to my tongue to aay that it was the likeness of HeiuiL" Jfot defiling his Land with liis fHcmus) blood, he told one of his servants to cut ofT hU head. Those killed in tliu defeated omiy numbered 5,000 in addition to those who fell in various places rouitd about.

Anntlier of the well-known deeds of Akbar was the victorioua expedition against Gujamt, and his rapid march there, at the time vrheu JlirzS, Ibrahim llusain, Miiliamuiiu] Itusain Mirxa. and SMh Mirza revolted from this State and wtmt towards Oujarut. and all the nobles of that prorinee, combining with the turbulent of those parts, besieged tho fort of Ahuiadabad in which was UltrzA *Axlx Koka with the royal army. His Jlajesty, iu cousequenee of the distracteil state of Jljt AngiV the mother of the last-named MinA, started for Gujarat with a body of royal troops without delay from the capital of Fatbpur. Having covered in the apace of nine days the long rood w’hich it should take two months to acconiplisli. sometimes on horse¬ back, liometimes on a came] or in a buUock-cart, hu arrived At SaniAl

When, on 5th Jumada-l-awwai, 9H0 (September 15th, 1572), he reached the neighbourhood of the enemy’s camp, he consulted with those who wen; Io^tJ to him Some said he should make a inght attack on the camp. His Majesty, however, said that a night attack was the resort of the faint-hearted and the vray □£ the deceitful, and im- mi-diatcly gave orders to beat the drums and set the horsemen

r

AKBAH’S ACHlEVEUreSTS.

41

at them. Wlicn the nver SiibaT SlAhl (Sabiirimtl) wu-t rciAched, he oidtred hw men to crwsi it in order. Slnhmnimtf I llusnin Mirai was c^tohd by the noise of the nitoy of ^Hctoiy. And himself CAme forwnnl to Hsconiioitre. SabhAu Q«ill Turk, Also with n troop of brave inai, went to the river’s iMnk to ooquiro into the enemy’s pwitiom The Miraa asked wluit troops timse were. Subbito Qiili replied that they were of the Army of King J»lidu^i-din Akluar That ill-fated one would not believe this, and said his spies h.«l seen the king fourteen days hefora in Fathpur, and that it w»» clear SiibhAn QuH ^ ^

this Snbhan Qnll rejoined, " Nine dap ago the king with this expedition started frem Fathpnr." “ How could elephants liavecomer ‘ asked the Mir/ii " Wiat need was there of elephants ?” onawettd Snhhan Qnli. " losing men and heroes who cleave tock^Aml are lietter than famous ami raging elephaJits. have come; the differenee betweeii loyalty and sedition will now become known." ‘Rie Mirwi after this eon vernation, turned aside and began to iii^ha his troops. Tlie king wait«l until his guard ^nt

word that the enemy had put on their aniiour. He then moved forward, and although he sent several times to order the Kbiln A’zadi to aflvmice, the latter stood still, said to Akbar that, as the enemy wa.s in force, it would lie well to remain on hia side of the rii-er until the array of Gujarat arrived frem within the fort. HLs Majesty anawend: “ Alwnp. and especially in thia iitfiiir, I liavo put my trust ID C5otl If I luwl fjonnidemi foutino. I should not hiiVi’ come in this rapid manner. Now that our foe> ready for the fight, we ought not to delay," With tht^ wonk and with h’i« innate relianec on Old «s his aliield he put his horw ioU tin? rivL’r with it few elioacu iiulmi wkym he \md appointed to ride with him. ‘Ibough it was not suppomd

I Accarrtir* o tto EUiut. V, 3«^ whH ihc Ml« «i.l “»

•• VMivw T”

A£ bar’s ACHXEYEilENm

42

that there was a ford^ ha crossed in HoJety* He had called for his helmet^ but in the agitatloii of bringing it Ilia armour-bearer dropped tho faee-^fuanl His com nides

did not tL-gard tliis as a good 0111011, but he said at once," It is an excellent ocnea, for it has revealed my faceL"^ ^ Meantime tho wretched Mirssa arrayed his maka to tight his benefactor

“ If Ihflq enm* <mt (to Kghi} with thy If thmi wert ttwa nrpher?^ thoQ wodldeat be re^etsed.^

Tho {Ouin A’^in had had no idea that the kmg woidd cast the s?tadow of his companion on these regions with such speed and eagemesSp and he believed no one who gave him news of that arrivalp niitil convinced by visible proofs Tlien. arriiymg the army of Gujarat, he prepared to marek Meanwhile KJban also sent nows to hinu Before his army issued from the fort the enemy had appeared from amongi^ the trecs^ The king, taking the Di%dno aid aet the security of Ids courage, sorted off. Mubainnmd Qtili Shan Turk and Tardi DiwAna came forward with a Ijand of bravo followers, and after a little dghting turned rein. On this Hhi Majesty riaid to Bhagivaii DiLs,« The enemy are nnaninbered and vre are few ; we mmst attack with one face and one heart; for a clenched fist is more uacfnl tlian an o^n hand.” With these words he drew his invord, and with shout of Allfihu-akbar and Vd ■ chaiged with

those devoted to hi ml

The MciK d ttw igH svA|»ra|«d witb tLa elAJmoar,

The Dur of the hi»venfl wan split With tha Hhouto.”

Tht itiyal.right and left wings ^nd a band of bmve men in the centre foiifjht with valoor. Stars (Aawjtafia’i), which arc a kmd of firework, were lighted by the enciay; they

“ be]|jer.’ Thin in gJlu^km lo AkWi tMLlrai mmlnt a

dia Chh^ti.

AKBAH’S ACttlEVEUEHTS.

43

twisfcfd about amODg tha thpni-buflliM, in’! created mcb KinfiAsion that a noted tkphant of the enemy began to move and threw their treopu into diporray. With thw the reyul centre caiue up and dispersed Muhammad S.lnsmii and hin foroe, Man Singh Darbari overcome hb foe under the king’s eyes, ond Ragho Das Koclihwalia Racrificed his life, lluhamniad WafA, who waa of the hotise-bom of the State, behaving very bravely, fell wounded from hia home. By the favour of the Creator who cherishes His servants, and simply through the courage and good fortune of the e^ttd king, the enemy were scattered and defeated. In gratitude for this great rictory the king turned hia face m plication to the throno of his mercifu] Maker, and poured

forth his thanks. Wi«

One of the kalawanta (muaiciana) represented to His

Majesty that Saif KbAn Kokaltash had offered the com of his life in loyalty to the State, and on enquiry it app^u^l that when ■Mutuoimad Husain irith some of hm

riffraff waa attacking the centre Saif l^i met him and fighting valiantly became a martyr. ‘The Mii^ himself was wounded by tJie liands of the breve body. The Kokaltish mentbued la the elder brother o

Zain Kokiw i « ^ .

A strange circumstance waa this: on ^h® .“T ]° ^

battle, when the king was eating, he wked ,

waa ledmed in the science of looking at the (a kind of divination), to see on whose side would be. Hs^ OBidr “The vnotory side, but one of the cJdefs of “rmy ^

martyr.” Whereupon Saif Xoka said. Would that

tlviii blesffltig might fall to my lot I

• Mi^ht BUI Wt hArE

Btairw in» wlkin ibfl hf.

1 Tbfi Kfldicig in ibfl lithotfraph htM€hi^ *iQ j«t.’

tha MSiJ. hiiv« m

AKBAlt’s VlCrroEY At AHWADABAD,

In Hhort. JIlrxH MuliamuiiMl Ilnsnin tuniMl liis roim, but Ills honw’fl feet became eiitnngU-rti in the thorii-brnkeand he ftsli* Aa uHadi of the king, GiulA ‘All by naine, found him, and hasdnif iiionntcd huii before him on Ids hone took him to the kbjjj, jVs two or three claimed n share in liia capture. His Majesty aeked wlio had umde him prison lt. The kiii]^ a salt.” he answered. The king ordered his luiiids, that liad been foHtened behind liini. to be tied in frout- Mean^ while he naked for water. Farluit Kb^Hp ^‘ho wiis one of thcconddeTitial slaves, struck him on the head, but tlie king. diKnpproving of this, sent for his private drinking water and satistied hia thirst. Up to this time Mir/ii ‘ArJa Koka and the gntrisou of the fort liad not come out After the capture of the Mlrril. Hia Majesty was proceeding slowly towards AhniaibibfttL He had delivered the Miraa to Hay Kay Singh Riithor, out- of the Rajput cidefs. to be put on iin elephant and brought ndth Idm. Meanwhile Ik]itiyiirud- mulk, who was one of the iiiHueiitial Oiyamti kadcni, mode hia appeaniiice with an army of nearly 5.000 men. Complete cotifiudon fell upon the royal troops. The king, aa hm natural valour and lofty disposition reijnired. ordercal the drums to be beaten, and SbaJAat Khan, Raja Bliagwan Ihis, and some others dunged on in front to %ht this force. Feonag that the enemy might get possession of Mirzil Muluimnind Husain, Ray Rity Singh’s men, by the advice and plan of the iferesaid lii^ja (BlmgAiln Ihis). cut off his head. My father did not want to kill him. The forces of Ikhttyarud-maJk also were disperwxi. and be was thrown ftoiji his liorwe into the tJinm thicket. Suhritb Beg Turkman cut off his head and brought it in. It was only by the grace and power of God thjit such a victory was won by a small number of jneii.

In the same way aro Wyond all reckoning the conquest of the province of &mgal. the capture of well-knouii and celvbTWted forts in Hindustan such a.s Chitor and Kantaui- bhor. the subjection of the province of Khaniiesh, and the

/

CHITOK. AKBAB’S ABSTETENCB,

45

taking of tlw fort of Aftlr und of other pro^nwa Mrhidi by thu exortionsf of the ro3’al armies eatne intci tlie poSBessloii of the servants of the State. If these ynsrv related in detail it would be a loisg htory.

In tht? fight at Chitor, th^ king ^dth Ws own twiiid killed Jitmal, the leader of the men in the fort. He had no rival in sliooting witli a gun, and witli the one with which ho killed JitiuaJ, and which was eailled Sangrilui, lie killed some 3,000 or 4,000 birds and beasts.^ I may l» wwkoneil a true popil of hia Of all sports I am most diaposed to that witli the gun, and in one day have iJiot eighU’firt de€t.

Of the austeritieft practijMjd hy my revered father, one was the not eating the tleah of aninials. During three months of the year he ato meat, and for the n niaining nine contented’ himself with !?u£[ food, and was no way pleased with the alaughter of animala On many days and in many months thia was forbidden to the people. I’ll® days and mouths on whidi he did not eat flesh are detailed lu Akbunifunft.

<bn diu dsy I rtiiiiadij4-mtilk diwftd, I put

Jln’ifitud miilk in cliaige of the

buildinga)L The latter ia a Sayyid of Bakhara,* and under my revered fother was accountant of the i-urfatni?

department.*) a . *i -

On one of my aceosaon days, a hundred of the Akbari

and Jalumglrl aervants were promoted to higher iwk and jftgira. At tlio comincTicoment of the Ramaipan ‘Id, aa it was the lirat after my acceeaiod, I came down to the ‘ Idgah from my auspicious throna There was a great crowd, and liaving performed tlic dot’s of tlmnksgiiing and praise

i aba-l-M KM** moJefsi* f te “.j* jBlotimsiiU’. ]•- Jlfi) ttei Ak

kilM I pi) ID bsSkimIi

• BSochnuitin ^ MmKIiWiU p. SSI,

Ji Tho tordery. Am BlocliiiiMiiiip pp. B7 il y TttritL

46

LAKOESSES bit JAHASOfa.

I returned to the palace, where According to the venie ‘* From the tabic of kings favoura come to beggani,” t ooiuniaudcd a mini of monej- to bo spent in alms and charity. Some iakhfl of danw of this were entrusted to Dfist Mnliatumad (afteniardii l£liwftja Jahon), who diiided them aniatigst faepra and tboso who were in want, and a lakh of dams each was given to JamfiltiMl-dtn Husain AnjQ (the lexico- gnipher), MirsA Sadr Jahan, and Jfir MtOjammad Riza ^bzawarf to dispcac of in charity in difterent quarters of the city. I sent 5.000 nipees to the dervishea of Mubointnad Hiioain Jami. and gave directions that each day one of the officers of the watch » ahonld give 50.000 dams to faqirs. I sent a jewelled sword to the Kllanhjiiliian and promoted Jamalu-d-din Anju to the rank of 3,000 The offiw of Ardr was entrusted to Mirfin IJodr Jalmn. and I orde^ Haji Koka, who was one of my father’s foster* Sisters’to bring before me in the palace sueb women aa were worthy to bo presented with land and money.

I promoted Slhid lihin. son of ^fnhatnmad fl*diq Kban from the rank of 1,600 to that of 3,000. ’ . . \

It had bren the custom» that when the gift of an deplmnt ® wan made to onyone, the naqibs and the ^tere of the Horee (iffr took from Idm a sum

of money as jiWna (bridle-mouey). I gave orders that this money should be paid by the goveniment. so that

^ple might be freed from the importunities and deinanda ol twt Set of cnen.

^ 1 ^ arri’^ed from Borhanpnr and

ponced More me the horses and elephants of my deceased taHocDtaiy^. Of the riephM.1^

■ ^ “"’‘***’ ««” in tJHi MSa

to PH« ti.

m inneASc of W per «eat. See •im p. bT^ ^ on

ACCOCST or AN EIJIPHANT. ^AEIF IMPLI. -1’

A

Alaat nppcftrod to me tlie beiA, and I gave him the name of Kar GaJ. A wfondcrful thing ahoncd itatlf in this elcphflnt; on the sides of lus oam eomU l«wps h»wl about the siw of melons, and from them came fluid such as drops from an elephant in the rutting Besson; moreover, the top of his forehead w(ut more piominent than in other elephants. It vrafi a splendid and imposing aiumaU

I gave to my son Kburram (ShiUi-Jaliftn) a rosary of jewels, with the hope that he might obtain fulfilment of all his desires, both in visible and m spiritual things, fljt I had remitted in my dominions customs duties ariSunting to krors, I abolished also all the transit dues fsrt lr iiAot) in Kabul, which is one of the noted towns on the toad to Hindustan, These brought in 1 kior and 23 lakhs of dama From the prorinces of Kabul and Qandahar large sums used to bo derived eveij’ J®*– f™’« customs which were in fact the ehref revenue of

those places. I remitted theac ancient dues, a proc^ng

that greatly benefited the people of Iran «“‘f .

the subah of Bihar had been given

to Bft 7 Bahadur; I tliereforc ordered that a jagir m the ^

Panjab should be given to him. As it was represen^ to ^

me that a large sum was in arrears m bis japr, and now ^ that the order tor CAchange had been given its toll«ta^ ^ would be diffieult, I directed that a lakh of rupees should^ given to him from the Treasuiy and the arrears recovered from Bite Bahadur tor the royal revenuesA

I promoted gharif Amnli to the mnk & 2.500jiginal and increase. He b a pure-hearted, Lvely-spinted m^. Though he has no tinctme of current sciences lofty wonls andeliltol knowledge often maoifest themaelv..s mhirn

In the dress of a bqir he made many journeys, and he

..Uhu- Imt tli» peCiiK^itjr to wlpirli slUSitira is

(p. 62 ) bM s faUw

48 GUT TO BUQATTA BEOAM. SEW YJIAE’b FEAST.

IiaM friondship with nuiny saints and nicit&if tli& inaxium of thoeie who profeiM ni^‘Hticrisni. TIiik ib his oouversatioii, not his pnictice tut Jfdli), In the tiiuo of my

revered futher he nilinc}iiishi>d the j^rmente of poverty and AHceticisiii, and iithuiied to aiiiirehip nnd chieEship, Hiw attemnee ut excecdinjjly powerful, and his ooDveisation in rem^irkfthly eloquent and pure, althouffh he is without Ambie. His cotnpoKitionH also arc uot devoid of verve.*

A garden in Agra iiad been left by ShflJi Quii KilAn .Mohruiij. and aa he had no heirs I handed it over to Kuqiiyya Sultftii Bcgatn, the daughter of Hindai MlrrA, who hnd been the honoured wife of tny father.* Sty father had given iny »on Khumiiii into her charge, iind aho loved him a Uiousand times more tlmn if he had been her own.

THE (iREAT FEAST OF KAUROZ.

On the night oF Tuesday, Zi-l-qa’da 11th, a.h. 1014 (Slareh 11th or 12th, 1606), in the morning, which is the time of the blessing of light, his Eminence the Great Lnminury passed from the constellation of the Fish to the House of Honour in the constellation of the Bam. An thia was the firtft New YearVt Day after my auspicious accession I ordered them to decorate the porticoes of the primte and public halls of the palace, as in the time of my revered father, with delicate studs, and to adorn them handaomoly. From the first day of the Xanrux to the Iflth degree of the Ram (Aries), which is the day of culraination, the people gave themselves over to enjoyment and happinesa Players and aingr^rs of all band.s and castes were gathered together. Dancing lulis and charmers of India whose enrnses would

**2. p«m 1 tte Vlay fiifl «ooiint af him te tho rater/’*’ Amu] i» «a dd dty woli of Cupuia anil west of

• wna ■ first Uid ivinetjiol wife, but bon bin n« chiUm.

SLe long »tirvive(l hiin.

NEW ENTUKTAINAIENTg,

43

captiv«t<? the henttii of an^ls kept up the excitement of the assezublle^i. I ^‘avc ortlcrs that whoever might wLdh for intcxicrttmg di-inkia and e^hilamtlng drugs should not be tkdjurred from ujdng them.

** Cuijbcarer : eriifhLcn mj cup with the li^ht of winn- +

Siogp biiix^tr^lp for the worH luiwarderflit Itwlf im I ilojdro."*

fii my fathor^s tizoe it Imd become e^ftabiiAhed tliut one of the grciit nobles nhoultj prepjire an entertainment on ujicii of the 17 or days of the fe^tivah and shoiild prestMit His Majesty the king ^vith choice gifts of alt kinds of jewels and jewelit>d things, precious stuffs^ and cluphunta and lioi^«r?jp un<i shonld irv^te Itim to take the trouble tocoiiie to his asaeinhly. By way of exulting liis servantfl, he would fltugii to be present, jiiiil having !ooki?d at the proaimta would take what he approved of and bestow the remainder on the giver of tho enterEainmcnt. Aa my mind was IncHned to the comfort and CAse of the iirtny and subjects, I tills year let them otf their gdftA wdth the exception of a few from my inimcdLate retainers^ whicli I iiccepted in order to grutif)’ them. In those same rloys umny stirvmita of the State obtained higher liliik. Amongst them 1 raised LHIttwar FQion Afghan to lp5(KJ, and 1 raided Raja Buho^ who w’DA u landholder of the hill country of the Panjab* and W’ho from the time I was pHnee till now has kept the way of Ber-ice and sincerity towanls me and luOd the rank of 1,500^ to ^1,500. ^ihnh Beg Kb An, the govenujr of Qaiidahar, 1 pTOUioted to OpOOO, and Kaly Rnv Singh, a Bajphfc iioblc^ obtained the siime rank.

I gave l^pOOO rupees for expeiisi^ to Riina xShankan At the beginning of my nlgn, a won of tliat ^Itmiiklfar Gujarati who clainivd to be descended from tlie rulers of that couiitr}’ lifted up the head of disturbance and attackwl and plundered the etjvirons of the city of Aliiiiadabtidi

^ The^ m the opcbiag hiw* of an ode of J IiUib.

4

MSOrUMANCE IN GUJAEAT-

Sonu^ saindnrs such ^ Piiii ^ Buliadui End Rfiy Ali

Bhiiti, who w<?rD the distiwg^^hed £Liid bmvo men

there, Waiiie inariyrH in that outbreak- At Jeiigth ttaja Bikniniiljlt mid iimny p^aiLsabdHrs were provided by me with tbOCK) or 7.000 hoi:se,aiKl appointed to iisBtsrt the army uf ^Injami. It wita decided that w hen things had quieted down, b^’ the driving off of thofse seditiouB people, Raja Bikraiiiajit nliould be Snbnlidar of Gujiirat. Qilij J^uiii» who htwl previoUfily noiiiiiiated to tlna office, should coiiio to Coiirf. After the arrival of the royal the thread of the rebels’ uidou woia severed; thej’’ took refuge ill ditFcretit jutigU^i, and the country was i‘cduced to order* TJh’ news uf tins victory reached the ear of my state and digiiit}’ in the niitet aoceptablo of hours (Xcw

time).

About this time there cumc n reprc-iis^ntation from my son ParwiK that the RAnii had left thdiia Mandal, which la iibiut dO * or 40 Axja from Ajiidr^ uiid liml mn awti"p wild that a force had been ap|Xkiutcd to pui-suc him; and that it was to be hoped the good fortune of Jidiaiigdr would cause him to become iioii-es.istt;nt.

On tlio ht-st ti&y of the feast of the New Year, luiin}’ servants uf the State were honoured with favours and increase of rank. Phnljrau JOian was an old retainer and had come from Persia {wildjfid) W’ith HutnayOiii; indeed, he was one of the men whota Shfili X^Ahni^p had stmt with HnimlyruL Kh name w-as Mihtar Sii’adnt. As under my father he was superintendent and head (mi/iftir)

of the /if -j-Jfdjuz (store department), and liad no eqtial in this service, he had given him the title of Pishrau hLbftn (the active hdulti). Tliotigh he was a subordinatu’ servant jind liad an artificer’s di-spo^ition (^jiilaqcki rtiU^rab),

• Ma^a|i4^-1 Utfkii^i, nu^teaul nf Vim or Butt, iBc« Blachtaman,

|.i, 170, ErvkifM BaMdar.

■ M.S. Iftl hiL% 34.

FLIGHT OF KirCTSRAir.

51

I looked to his cl&itiis of sonice and gave lum the miik of 2,000.’

THE FLIGHT OB’ S|JUSRAU IX THF HUDDLE OF THE FIFLST TEAR OF MY HEKiX.

Fiatilo ■ ideiUii liad entered the mind of Khusrau in eon- sequence of his 3™th and tlie pride youths have, and the hiek of esperienee and the livck of foresight of vvoitbl«« cotiipaaiona, especially at the time of my revered fathers illness. Some of these short-aiglited onesa, through the nmltitude of their crimes and offences, had become hopeless of pardon and indulgenee* and Linagined that by uuikiug a tool they might cotiduet Uie affairs of State through him. Tliey overlooked the truth that acta of Hovereignty and world rule are not tilings to be arranged by the worthless endenvourH of defective Jiitellecta. Tfiejust Creator bestows them on Inin whom he (insiders tit for this glorious and exalted duty, and on such a person doth He tit the robo of bonour,

** ft® whp i* of F’arlMDO connqt jeprlrod of it J

Throno aikI diiuleai ato not tluE^ of pnircluAD i It b Dot right to wreat orewn ood datzaJdioa Ffocn the hoiv;L wUe^ €r»Ih ItHi Ckewd “fherkber, fodicAtedi’*

As tfm futile imagimtiona of the seditious and short¬ sighted had no result but disgitice and rcgn&t, the alTairs of the kingdom were ooniiriiied in the liAiids of thia suppliant

^ I think JAhungir m&fUlA thAb ihniagh thp K^n wm« aU oxcellotit 1 o scrvAub in hi^ own ^ hAndl^ hb for Lho conunAlvJ <3^ ^lXM> oit f ^ far thd title of RhIIo. Ct hia pnind ni him At |ik 71 | Bk)chmAna, \i.

won 191104 PlMtumu |HTabAh1^V froffi hb going OH ahoacl with the AtivAnen comp, im being in clwrgo of UloeArj»et9» ■* “ bocaman

nf hb perwnAl lustivity.

“ In PriL’n^fl ilfthlnglr, Ji. 15, jAhAnglr irtabas that be had imjjflMined ia the upper |i(iii nif tllff rtijml tnwor iti ihn oudo of AgtA. it WA^ Imm thiiB onnaiijcmGnt tMt l\h nsenpL-d.

2 rK m ^

I J i o

FLIGHT OF XHCSRAt:.

.^2

ftt thft tlm>n« of AI hill- 1 m variably Found Siiu-^mii prL^- occupitid aud dwtrack^. Howev(?r niiicli, Jii favour and affijction for liiiii, [ wiJshfKl to drive from hw mind Home of Win ftiJiTH and alarniH, nothing woh gaiued imtih rtt ia&tj. hy the advice of thftse whose fortune was reversed, on the night of Sunday, Zi-l-hiya Sth, of the year mentioned (April dtli, when two glmrirt had pnsftt?d, he made a pretence^ of guing to vLHit the tomb of His Majesty (Akbar), and went olf With horaeiiien, who wenj hisxidherents^ from w’ithin tfie fort of Agra. Shortly after, one of the lamp attendants who was aC4|iia!nted witli the WuMru-l-mulk gave him the ncwa of KhQHrau’fl fliglit. The Vmier took him to tlie AniTni-1-umarH, who, as the hgwr seemed true, came in a distracted state of mind to the door of the private apartmentH and said to one of the eunuchs, Take in my ret|ueHt and say that I have a ue^ceKfiary repreRtmtation to make, and let the king liotiotir tne by coming out" Ah such an artair iiud not entereti my thoughts, I suplioned that news had come from the Deccan or Gujarat, \nien I came out and heard what the neivn was^ I asktul, " What inuafc be done f Sliall 1 mount myself, or shall 1 sauid m^urnim Tlie Aiiiiru-hiiinam aiibinitteil that he would go if I orden!fl it " Let it be m" I said.

Afterwards he aaid, If he will not iurti back on tiiy

iul-ice, and takes up amia, wliat must be doue f Tlieu I said+ ‘^If he will go m no way on the right rood, do uot

coasider a crime anything that results from your action.

Kitigshtp regnrrls neither son nor son-in-law. Ko one is a relation to a king."’

When I had said the^^e worrls and other things, and had dismissed Inm, it occun^wl to me that Itbu^Tau was very □inch annoyed wjtli him, and tliat in oonsefpieuoe of the

^ l>u Jtxttu Bili-B it wu in tlib way that be wm jUIowckI 1* piwfl the l>i] Jarnc gtveS tb# of KliuHniii^R a» I^h April,

l!ftjft ((iiii wtRibi Iw Style}. By SuEiPitiiy Di|fht ti blMihG Saturday

crenittg. SuDdny wajt Akbor^a birthday.

PCHSUIT OF KHO^IUlr.

5*1

di^iity and nearnej^ (to me) wkkli he (the Amir) cnjny^d^ he ivfta an object of emy to his uijmiht atid tontwiipjtnriefl.* Perhaps they mi;^ht devbw treivclicry and defejtrtjy lum. I Wierefore ordered Mii‘izzn UnniJk to reoall him, and ^electing in lue place Sh**ikh tftrid Bakh?^]iI-bogi commanded him to st^irt orf at once, and to take h itb him tJie iiianjiabdare and ahiKlia who were on gnurd. IhtiniAm KtAu t\mkoimd was iimdo scout and intdlJigcnce olSeer. 1 determined, Ciod willing, to start off m_vaeJf when it was day. Miidxjsu-l- mulk brought bock the Amirad-unianl

About this time, Ahmad Beg Kb ^u and Ociat ^iluliaiiimad Khan had Ijcen sent otF to Kabnl,* and had got as far m Sikaudra, which was on liJtiiiarau^a route. On his arnval thej’ caiiie out of their tents with aoiue of their fH^iple, and returned and waited on me with the news that l^nuirau had taken the Panjab road and was ha-^temng on. It oceurnHl to me that be might change lii.s route and go Home where eLflc. Aii his materxml uncle, 3 Ian Singh, was in Bengal, it ooeurred to many of the servanta. of the State that he might go in that direction. I sent ont on every side, and ascertained that he was making for the Panjab. Meaiitinic cLiy dawned, and in reliance on the gtiMu and favour of God Alniiglity, and with clear resolve, I moutited, witldield hy nothing and no one.

" rn truthn he whn » [itirKiiiSl hy mrow

OWL haw Uie rcml w w Iwif he mny travel ft,

Tins he that horror driveti him <pei i

He lenowp fifjt with ^ hom he goe* ma* whoin he leavi^ IrehiniJ .^

• ETh’ot [¥ii, StoJl makaF the AniTnjrl.iinmrA ptiviaEia of hin |*frtTf, and

Jakiio^ir ap^Kruhen^ive liMt iwt nlkEmkl li^tEtiy Khtldnaa, but he Wl ju»t takJ him that nothinhe clhl aiptinat Khttf^raa wf^mld wwiny CWfiy Johiln^ir’ij fear ira< lhaf his favnm’ite be by

Or |Hr1ia]iiH hy the Ata1r> tfmcliettm.i iwsKjateek.

• Tho tcKt has a eudoUj aiiiltako Unmi iiuteaa of fri it hai

p FuiwHiHendent of the kit^him’i na part of !J4it ^EtliAmrxuuJ’ii name. Dast um Antrf rt^it hehl hig^her office^ and wn* liter |mt> ifi cliarg^^ cif the fert of ami the title «f l^waja Jalijlii+

54

FUESCIT OF KHUaEAU,

Wliyti I rcjichcid thcr vent’rable in&tiioleuiii of my rovertKi father, which iii tlirei! kos from the city, I begged for aid to my courage frt}m the apirit of that honoured one. About this time they captuivxi and brought in * 11 [I’m lIoKiiTi, sioti of IfirzA Sb* 4 hru|di, who had propurted to accompiiiiy KhuftnitL He eouJd not den}" it wlieu I t|neHtioned him, and I ordered them to tie hjH hunda and mount Jilin on an elepJiiuit^ This waie tlie tirat gtKxi omen inaiiife«t<K) tJiroiigh the kindnesii and blessdng of tlmt venerable one. At midday, aft it had Woiiie exceedingly hot, having rented awhile under the sluide of a tree^ I said to the hi>an A^mni that wc, with all our eomposurc, were ill such a state that we had not taken till now our regular aLlowance of opium, which it W’aa the practice to tiika the first thing in the morning, and no one hod retiiindcfl ua of the omission. Wo iiilglit imagine from thin what vvas now the coudition of tliat gracelesis one (Khusrau)^*

My trouble i/raa tJlis, tJiat my son without any caunu or reason sliduJd become an opponent and au eiiemVi If I sliouid make no endeavour to capture iiini^ tlie fmetiouft or FebeUiouft w’otild have an instrument, or else he would take Juk owm way and go for an uaylum to the Disbega or the Persians, and ixnitempt would fall upon my government On thia account, having made a specin) point of capturing him, I went on after a short rest two or three kos beyond pargnna Mathura, which ia 20 kos from Agra, and I alighted at otie of the tillages of that pargaua where there is a tank.

Wien lOinsrau arrived at Mathura, he met Jiusain Beg Rad4ikh!ihi, wJio wm of those who luid received favours from my revered father and was coming from

• PHc», p. e, miA.

“ Acomlifig to Kjiifl jyiAo ji, ^ jmt t* deuthT tli^

oxprewioi) ‘^olAWi of til m-tctily HirtorliaiL Tbo fSii

3041 v«ji [inpH>tDn«L

■ The. MhQVv Obrtcart! » oxiibunHl in Prbe, p, m.

KHL’SEAU’S EVIL I>EEL3,

55

Kabul to wrtit on 111 : 0 , Aa it ia this ttjEipesnmiciit of the BadttkhHhIs to \xi Hed[tioiLK and turbulent,. Kliusniu regarded ^ this inoeting as u godtseud, and made IliiHain Beg the captain and guide of 200 or AQQ Badakb^iiuui who were witli him.

Anj^one whom tliey met* they plundered of horaea and goodK Merchants and conveyers of goods were plundered hy these roacids^ nud wheresoever they went men’s wi and children waw not oafe from the caUniLity oE theae vi’retchEss. With Ilia own eyes Khu^anin wna witnessing the oppnjifttion practised in the liereditary doniinionB of hia anceators^ and jifter being a witness of the improper deeds of these niscals he A thouaiind tirnets every moinent wishiaJ dcaUi for JumselL Finivlly, he had no remedy but to temporijse with and support thooi* dogs. If good luck and fortune Inid asaisted hifii in his adairs, he would Imve made repcnt 4 ince mid regret his voucher^ and coine without any deceit to w’ait on me. God, who kno^vB the world of secrets, knows that I nIiouM Imve pEmsed over his offences entirely and sliOW’ti liiui such favour and adectiou that to the c,ittent of a liaiFs point no estraugement or fear would imve remaiued upon his mind. Inaaiimch os dutiug the Lifetime of the late king (Akbnr) an iutenGon of Joining in the seditioii of some of the rebels hiv:! nianifestetl itself in lib mind, and he knew tlmt this had come to my knowdedge^ he placed no reliance on my kinilnesa and affi’ctioiL Hb inotber, while E was prince, in grief at his ways and Ijehaviour and the lubeonduct of her brother .MAdho Singh * killed hemdf by swallowing opium What sliall I write of

her oxcellencea and goodness ? She Imrl perfect intelligiuice, and her devotion to me Wtvi such tlmt she would have

EUsoE fvip thE thJs ti a vety SaTol^ed mhA obscan^

p»jvuge.

^ Blochixuinn, {n, 41 S>

^ Tho Mh’ md bcrtli CipdDni Had

KnUSRiU’s MOTHEft.

50

sacrifick^d ^ tliQU^hd Honft and bmthers for ont? hair of mine. Sho comftai]tl 3 - wroto to Kl>U5raii and urj^ lum to be flincf^ro and iiffectiDnate to me. When she mw that it w&a of no WHO and that it wa-i unkno’^vu how far he won Id be l^d awny, ahe from the indl^niation anil high spirit which are inherent in the Rajpnfc ctmract-f"r determined upon deatk Her iiiind was several tiniea disturbodt for such feelings ivere hereditaT;)% and her ancestors and her farothers hod oceneionall^^ showed si^is of nnidness^ but after a time luid recovertnl. At a time when I liad gone hunting, on Mth^ 1013^ {Ma}’

bth, 1G05), she in her Agitation awallow’ed a f|iiantity of opltini^ and tiuiekl^^ passed awA}^- It was as if she Jiad foreseen tills l^ehaviour of her unworthy son.

My f!ntt marriage and that at the eomiqeneement of tiij* adolescence vr&ii Muth her. After KJ>nsrau’a birth I gnvo her the title of .^isAh Bcgam. When ahe could not endure the luid conduct of her son and brother towartls me she iieciitne disgusted with life and died, thereby’ escaping the iroHont grief and sqitow* In oDiis<H|Uenee of her dcatli, jom the uttachinent I had for her, I pNiss^ud some days ntliout any kind of picoHure in life or cxisbmee, and for k}ur w hx^i amount to watches, I took nothing In (the H^iape of food or drink. When this tale was told to my revered fat her, a letter of condolence of i^‘sce^ive kuidnesN and aliection reached tins devoUsd diHclple, iind he sent iiie u robe of honour and the auspieioas turlian lied just Iks he hiid taken it off his head. This favour threw - water on the Haiue of my grief and alfonled complete -ijuiet and nfpo^ to my unquietudc and disturbance. My intention in rtdatlng these eircurnstawces is to [joint out that no evil fortune w greater thiiii when a aon, thnmgh the impropriety’

^ UT^hmuiti, KKiJl KhAn, p«U h« AmXU in lOH* pldU

tl« Aklmr aiito puts a t„ Tht, la [fau

B«i?h y«jtdji tOlgl Sw J.n. A.S. fnr JulVp J!M>T,

jahangie’s march.

57

of his ooriduct mid lib uniippTovtni methods of bGlmvbnr, cftuse» the death of hifl laother and becoiaea eontntnacioiis and rebellious to his father, without cause or reason, but simply throu^^Ii his own i magi nations and futile tdeaSp and chooHes to avoid the blessing of wjfdting upon liiiii. Inasnincii aa the Ahisight3’ Aveuger i\ proper punish- iiieiit on each action^ of necessity lib condition HiuiJIj’ came to this, tliat he caught under the worst circumstances, and faUitig from a position of trust became captive to perpetual lucarcerutloru

Whon this msn of b^liftinea am if

Her JSit* hLi foot in a vnare, bsH Jwaftfl in m nowto.”

To sum Up, on Tuesday, Zid-bUja 10th. I alighted at the statiun of HoilalJ .Shaildi Farid Bal^^f and a bond of valiant incu were choReii to pursue liiiitsmu utid Ix-came the vanguard of the v ictorloiLS army. I sent iiack Diist Mubainmiid, who wa^s in attendance on me, on account of his previous Mr^dce and his white beard, to take charge of the fort, of Agm and of the znnliua and the treasuries. When leaving Agra, I had placed the cit^" in the charge of Ftiniiidu-d-daula and Waiiru-l-nmlk, 1 now said to Dust Mubaniiiiiid, “Ah we are going to tiie Punjab, ami that province is in the diwani of J’tiniHduHl-rlanlapyou will desptitch him to us, and will ixnpriHori and keep watch over the sons- of Mirza Mul.iivinmad I.taklin who are m Agra ; aH when such proceed! ugn manifest themselveij in the son of onc^s loins what may one expect from iiephewn jmd cousins ?** After-the dispatch of Dust .^iubnmmad, Mn’isizu-bmulk became laikhshi.

On Wednesday 1 ^dighfced at Palwah anil on Thursda_v at Faridaljftd ; on Friday, tlie I7^th. I reachtd Delhi

’ Wlx«rv bsnJ BdlEoaaoQt died la mM. Sm Miki^ncd (IrYiqe)t I, 71 =

■ Prtiliiki% this mwiai the gnuad!Hiq!ic Al p. b misntloaed that

the grttudnaiu Wl t>^a omfiaed fa ClwalE<;ir an ta tti«^ 16 th y«r.

VISITS frUllATUN’^S TO JIB.

dd

From tht! (Ji»t of the toiwl (Le. immediately) I hastebed to the \enertttcrl tomb of HitmAyllD, and then* besouj’lit help in my purpcwo. ami witli iiiy own hand distributed money to poor perHoiis and dertiahes. Thence tuniin/’ to the shrine of the venerable wiint .ShniMi Niramn-d-dJii Aulty*. I perfonned the dim of pilgrimage. After thia 1 fstiye A portion ’ of money to JAUiAln-d-dfu Unsain Anju and another portion to Ifakim llnrjiifar that they might divide it amongst the poor and dervishes. On Saturrlay the Uth r stayed in Saray Xarela.* ‘Hiis rast-houais (wEiiiiy) ^rasniu had burned as he went.

T}ie rank of Aqa Mnlla, brother of Araf Kjjan, who Imd been exalted by U-coming my servant, \ya» fixed in original and increase at 1.000 with ilOO horse. He was in close attendance during this journey. Corwidering tlmt tome of the AiiiiA^^s attached to the royal army were in league with Kbusrau, and fearing that consequently some fraud or sedition might enter their minds, 2.000 rupees were given to their lenders to distribute amongst their men and make them hopidul of the Jahungiri favour, r gave money to Shaikh Fmflu-Ilah and Rfijn Uhinlhar to distribute to faijira and brahmans on the rand. 1 gave

“I’ould 1)0 given

JO^OO rupev^ by way of ussisUiiee for his expenditure.

On Monday, the lOtli, 1 reached the paigaua of Panipat.” Tins station and place used to be veiy’ propitious to my gracimis father and honoured ancestora. and two great nctones luid been gained in it. One was the defeat of I ii^iiii Loth, which was won by the might of tiie mtoncins h^U of His Maji-sty Firdfm - makanL The itory of this Ims Jieen written in th« histories of the time.

’ PHra, qii. ^a hnap*?

*0 ’‘Villiam rm.‘h.

wilh Jshiiiglr’ii. ‘ raiwsponds

“ ^ Ulilctt north <4 IlelH.

KUCSRAC’iS ritOCEEPIS9S*

m

Tlie second victory was over tbe wicked Hemu, and was idauib«ted from tbe world of fortune in the loginning of the reign of my revered father, as has been described by mo in detail.

At the time that Khusrau hod left Delhi and was proceeding to Paiiipit. it happened that Dilfiwar KMn luid arrived there. When shortly before Khusrsn’s arrival he heard of this affair, he sent his children across the Jumna and bravely determined to hasten on and throw himself into the fort of Uhore before Miusran should arrive, Aliout this time ‘Abdn-r^Bahim also reachrtl Panipat from Lahore, and Dilawar Khan suiegested to him that he too should send his children across the river, and should staiul aside and await the nctorioua sUmdards of Jahangir, Aa he was lethargic and timid, he could not make up hia mind to do this, and delayed so much that Khusran arrived. He went out and waited on lilm. and either voluntarily or in a state of agitatiou agreed to jiccompnny him. He obtained the title of Malik Anwar and the j)o«itioii of virier. Dilftwar Eha«. like a brave man, turned towards Lnhons and on his road informed everyone and evetylxxiy of the servants of the court and the A’etroriwin, and the merclionts whom he camt across,

tl« or Kboomo, w 1 .» l<»k .‘III*

olWi« bo told to ■d.nd uido out of tho uu}’. Afire tbut. ll» torvoota of Ood W«TU relieviul of Ibo ptad-n^ ‘»’ robheiu on.! oppresuon. Mod probobly. it !d}T>d Iwoiol i„ DdbUnd um» ur Klreo «t Pddp.t. l|*d sbou n c«.r.(r .lid dotoreuioMuio, «.Kf l»d blookid Pb’h. I”«

liLHorderly force wodfl not have ^ ^ _

would liuvo acottreud, nod be blineel wu° ’ m *

oiptuoul Tbe td* fe llvd ‘»>«**

not ,,0.1 to Ihi,. bd dlrewnri. e«b .Idle uu,e od. to

l,i., toll, v«. Diltoiw 8b»u, by bi.

llw tod ol ttooiu betoto Skuduo n«cb.d il, di d t b »

notoble wirvice nuldo .niende to bi* eur er *»

60

APPOLYTJTKSHi,

nnd Sftjyid Katual ruujifully t>xert«3 liimrteif in thy tngagcfiient ^\ith I^Twniu, as will be JtMscribtKJ ia jt^ own plact.

On ITtli the itJV’iU standards were set up in the

pu^tm of KnnxM Here I mi«od -Abidin iaw.ljn, of

f iTL’^r dOjftaft and /Jfrjmfa (wpiritunl advLier), non

of Abdu-Uah Jihnii U/beg, who hud come in the time of my revered father, tfj tho rank of 1,000. Shiukh Niiam Thunnawari, who w^. one of^ tlie notorious iinpa«tore of the agy, waited on Khiismn, and having gratliiwi iiim witii pleiuiunt nows, ugnin > M him out uf Oe (light) path, and then came to wait on mv. As I Jiiid heard of th«ie tranaactiona, I gave hiiu his read expenses And told him to depart for the anspkioua place of

^iiabSd. Here there w^ws vei^- little water, but it happem-d that heavy mn fell, an that all were rejoiced.

I premot^ Ahmad Uhnrf, who from mvprinoe-

ho,^ had hlled the relationship of aervice and discipleahip and the ^wition of a hcnj.se. bom one (^JnctreSthi) to the oihee* of Mir-i.‘Adl (Chief Justice). Disciples * and sinrere fnllowere were presented on hm intreduction, and to eadi It woa neccssmy^ to give tJm token* and the likem^

th. mas, lisre p,i^, ^

(i. It is

tnihdi^ It iii fwrTbfp.ir,r-i I_ ^ L Nietn ta Jiavp

hOi»,7ar^ « “ sameshut hy ,i,e MS.

™ ff Wore ti,« Lau,r ,

M’is^“r;„Th/ia%rr Sisri^r:’’

th«» nrferlo theriftif er tok-n Inri rtl

fri;i«TL<ni<^rtbe ‘ f<i-t(i6 Faith.* jjiiH Eila?hrn*i. ’ AtUr to tlio

QftiUvaul i{ -eis ±1 I **M. »iHl ao3t Bnrl

• in«mi«r of th„ - Divins S*

ACCOUXr OF TFIE DITIXE FAITH.

61

w ^j(xb(ihy They were givoD on Ms reciomiiiendAtion ( ?)* At the time of mitiation some words of ad^deo wore given to the disciple i he nniKt not coiifase or darken hiw j’cara with sectarian quarrels, hut uiu«t follow the rule of unieersal peace with regard to religious j he niUHt not kill any living creature with his own hanch and must not flay fmythitig. The only exceptious are La battle and the chasc^

Bti neb the ^iract-iKer af nuiking any Ueing thiug.

Save In tli& laattlc^ehl or in tho tEuta of hi^ntlng.^

Honour the Ittiiunaries (the Sun. etc*), wliidj are

manifesters of Clod’s light, according to the degree of each, and iwMgnia? the power anti existence of Almighty Gesd at all tituea aiwl aeasona. Be carefnl indeed that whether lu private or in public yon never for a inonFcnt forget Him.

Ijimo or inw ‘ or ertpohad or titir^Jicieit,

Be AtaorouB nf HEiik und fteet aJttr EiinL®’*

^fy revemi father became posAesHed of these principles, and was rarely void of such thoughts.

At the stage of Aliiw a (f)s I appcnnt^al AhiViMiabi (?)^ Uzbeg wdth Hfty-seven other luansabdara to lu^ist ^aikh Farid, and gave tho force 40,000 rupees for its expense To Jamil Beg were given T,000 rupees to diride afuong the Aimaqs (cavalry). I also presented Mir Sborif AnittU * wdth 2,000 rupee?<.

On TuiMrtJay the 24th of the same month they captured five of the attendants and comrades of Two of

• Tort. OP irnl the paiuiuiwiript roaUing ink Is jireftrab^

Erihfne’* ^ , ,, , . ^

■ Frk» (r>v SSl^hrta Au^iiJ or Anwiutrl. AltlMMntlv Aliwa If nghrt k ft 1^ i^^***^ north-nf Umbftllft- Cf, tlteiift ^oilar

h>’ Sarhur-

• Ab4-l’Bflv\ thfl AHa-l-BlWlA of Akb^r-ewto, tl4

• A uv^h^tr of tha • Oi^^Sae F«th ‘ (Blodmunn, p. J.

who conleiiis«fl to his serHce, I oi’tlerec] to bo thrown under thtf fuet of eUcphrtiitjt, and thrco who denied worts pkesMl in custody that eni|uij^-^ might bo made. On harwEtrsdln I2th of the first 3 ’ear of uij’ reign, Mirza JluMuin and Xhru-d-din QnU the kotiv^U entered Ijfthore, iind on the 24t!i of the same nioiitii a uiesiiengtir of Ditnwar KJbaii arrived (there) udtli news thot I£]}usrau was moving OB Lahore and thftfc they rIkhiIJ be on tJmir guard. On the saitiedaj’ tho city ga tes wore gtiarded and strengthen(!d, and two daj’Ti inter DibiMTir iyiiln ontciied the fort with a Few men aiii,| hegiiii to atrengtheti tlie towers and ivalls.

hi>revi>r tlieae were broken iiiid thrown domi he repairud them, and, placing cannon and swivel guns on the citadel, lie prepared for battle. .iVssemblmg the small number of the royal servants who were in tins fort, they were awiigiied their sov.^ral duties, and the people of the city also with Jojnvlt.v gave their uAsistanct’, Two da>’s kter, and when all was ready, Khu-srau arrived, and’ having li.vcd a place for ]ii.H camp, gave onlcrs to invest* the citj’ and to prepartE for battle, and to burn one of the gates on any side witeru one could be got at. “After taking the fort." he snid to hk wicked crew, ■’ 1 will give orders to plunder the citj’ for seven daj’s atid to make captive the women and children."

^ This do<jmcd lot set fire to a gate, and Dilnwar Beg l£ban, iluoain Beg the dlwiln, and Xfiru-dniln Quli the fcotwal built a wall inside opposite the gateway.

Meantime Sa’ld Khfin, who was one of those appointed to Kashmir and w*vs now ciieamiKsi on the Chenflb, having heard the news, started rapidly for Lahore. Wlien ht reached the Bnir’i he sent word to the garrison of the fort that he ftime with a loj-al intention and that they should admit him. They sent someone at njght and etinducted him nnd some of fiLs men imdde. When the siege Imd

’ Ttie tti*I }iaa gvil/ Ijjr for

jah.TngIr’m jiatcch.

63

lastwl nino dfij-s. auwa ot tUe approacb of tho royal army came rapentwdly to K]|ju»taii and hist adhoi^nta. Tlwy became helplestt mad« op their iiuniLs that they

must face tho-victorious army, ^

As Ijabore i« one of the gwatost placert in Hindustan, a great nuiolwr of people gathered in sis or seven da^^ It was reported on good authority that 1Q,000 or 12.000 liorse wen; cidleeted. and had left the city with the v^ew of making a night attack on the royal vangiiai^ This news was brought to me at the aaniy of ‘All on the night of Thursday the lOth. Although it rained ln,«yily in the night I l-eat tlie drum of march and uiounted. Arrivint’ ’m Sultftnpftr at down I remained tliere till noon. By diance, at this place and hour the victonoiw anny encoanteri^ that ill-fated baud. M«%zu-1-mulk liad brought a dish of most meat,‘ and 1 was turning towards it witli when the news of the battle wa-s brought to me. Though I Imd a longing to eat the roast meat, I immediately took a mouthful by way of augury and mounted, and without waiting for the coming up of men and without regard to the smallness of iny force 1 went otr in all haste. However mnch 1 detminded my cAdfah (wadded cost), they did not produce it My o^y anus were a spear <md sword, but 1 eonrmittvsl myaelf to the favour of God and started off without iwsiUtion. At hrst aiy escort did not number more tlian fifty horseiiien, no one had expected a fight tlmt <Jay. tn HmS wlier. J^achid the head of llie bridge of GobindivAi,* 400 or oM liorwf, gpod and l«d, liad come together. When 1 had tro^-d the hrid<^ the news of a viqtoiy- was brought to mev The beimw of the good news was ShaiJiHl. tO^dkckl (wardrobe tnnn), and for his good news he oblaimid the title of

• ’’ Cuanieitliiini. tn ha hirtcr)- 0*

the Sith*. .pelti It is ™ ihe

G4

iiArrm or oojirxDWAi,.

Khrinh-kltaijor 1^nn> Mir JiunAlu-d-rlin Iliy^n, wJinm 1 hail Bt’nt pnjHoiiHly to Advise Kl^uarau, enme up at tiic liAiUG tiirtc and anid atieh thinga about the nutubor and bravery of lOiusrau’a tuen aa frightened hi» heamnit Though news of the victory civnie continuoualy, tliis aiTiiple-iiiJnded Snyyid would not believo it, and oxpivased incredulity that such an nimy aa he liud neon could be defontod by <%ailc|i tiirid’s force, which waa amali and not prciptTly equipped. Wlien they brought Khuarnu’s litter’ with two of his ennuelia, the Mir adtiiitted what hjid happent.’d. Then, alighting frotii iiia liorae, he placed his head at niy feet and professed every kind of himiility aii<l eiibiiiissiun, and said that theiu could lie no higher or more lofty fortune than thm

III this cDiiunand Shaikh Farid litihnvi.’d witli sincerity and devotion. The SayyidH of Bar ha. who are of the brave ones of the age, and who have hold this place in evei^- %ht in which they Iiave been, fonued the van, Saif l£biin. son of Sayjdd Mahta&d KhAii Earhn, the head of tiiif triU’, had shown great hravery and had received seventt?fn wounds, Sayyid JiUal, alsfj of the hretliren of this IjAiid, receiver! an arrow in his temple and ditd a few days later, J.t the time wlieii the Sayyids of Barha, who were not moro than fifty or sixty in anniber, having rceeiveej wounds from 1,300 BadAkhshi liotwmeji, had U-ou cut to pitewH, Sayjdd Kiitiiiil, who, with Jiis hrothers. hod been appointed to support the van, came up on the dank and fought wvtii womitons bravery and maJilioewi, After that the men of the right wing mist’d the ury of P>hl4.uh MlAtnal (" Lwglive the King") and ctiarged, and tlie rebels liearing the words, gave up and acattered abroad to various hiding-places. About 400 Airnfiqs became crushed on the plain of anger and ovorcotno by the

‘The text hu huftod of fiMitm Kfiin|;tr Itwislnl him

65

KULSRAU’S 3 I 1 SC 0 XDUCT-

\nctorioufl army* KJ>uj^niua box of jewels flod prieeious things whkb he Laid always with him, Ml into our Uunds.

Who tharugbi tint this Iwy wf TaW yeUT*

WoEild bchftve j» brfMlTy t* hifl (sira f

At ihs ifTft Umie ^ die cup ba hrin^ ti|f i>\c ]e^

He melt* iwap mjr glory aekI hi^ o#n Ti^^nia^yv Ha ssetJi no fire ^ the tiirtioa of Kt^^lrfitiilclt He longn fof the of

Short-sighted rafili in Allahaliad Lad urged me also to rebel iigainst my father Their words were estrcnvely unaceeptivble and disapproved by rne^ f know what sort of endurance a kingdom would have, the foiindatioDii of which were lajd ou hostdrl}’ io a fatJiefK and was not movx^ by the evil counsels of siidi worthless men, but aeting according to the dictates of reason and knowledge I waitod on my father, iny guide,! ray qiHur and my vLuible God, and as a rmidt of this gi)od purpose It went well with me.

In the evening of the day of lOiuartiutt tUght t gave Rajn BasOp who is a trusty ^aniindar of the hilUctmntry of Laiiore, leave to go to that frontier^ and, wherever he heard neW’H or trace of ghusmii, to make every effort to cspturo him. I also appoiribKl MahAlat Oulu and Mirm ‘All AkbafshAhi to a large force, wiiich wa^ to pursue Lu whatev’er direction he might I resolved with myself that it IfOiusrau went to Kabul, I woutii follow him and not turn back till he vras capturetL If not delaying in Kabul he should go ou to Badakhshun aud those regions, [ would leave ^tahabat Khan in Kabul and return luyflelf (to India). My reaBou for nut gpiiig to Ba/laklisliiin waa that that wretch^would {in that case) certainly ally himiRir with the Uzboga, and the disgrace would attach to this State,

^ iMtewl of Ois (rf t\m tejiU the MSS. hiv* fewAiIrtiiwd,

dE6laH^ Jft tbfl Imc Um they hava/rJjf icna«d of » the plftCfl to whieb td tnim in piwytr-

S

rUKSCIT OF KUXi^RAV.

6G

On tlisj day on which the royrti troops were ordered to pursue Khusniu. 15,000 rup£!^?s were j^veii to M^hilhat KJ)Hn and 20,000 to the ahadis, and 10,000 more were sent with the army to be given to whom it might ix necessary to give it on the way.

On Saturday, the 28th, the victorious eaufcp was pitched at Jaipll.* which lies seven koa from Lahore. On the same day Khtisrau arrived with a few men on the bank of the Cben&b. Hie brief ncconnt of what had hapi>ened b that after lus defeat those who had escaped with him from tho battle, became dirided in opinion. The Afghaiia and Indians, who were mostiy hb old retaincrSp wished to double bock like fo^ea into Hindustan, and to become a source of rebeIJiou and trouble there, lluaain Beg^ whofle people and family and treasure were in the direction of Kabul, suggested going to Kabul. In the end, m action was taken according to the wish of Ilusaiu Beg, tlie Hindustania and the Afglians decided to aeparatc them- Aelvea from him. On arriv ing at the Chen&b, he proposed to cross at the ferQ’ of Sfe^hp’ar, which is one of the recogniaied crossings, but aa ho could find no boats there he made for the ferry of Sodhaml]i, where his people got one bcBit without boatmen and another full of hrewood and grass.

The ferries over the rivers had been stopped because before KhtiJarau’s defeat orders had been given to all the jagiidars and the ^uperiniendeuta of roads and crossings in the subah of the Panjab that as thb kind of dispute had arisen they must all be on the alert* lltLsain Beg wished to transfer the men from the boat with fir^^wood and grass to the other, so that they might convey Kiiiisrau acroos. At this juncture arrived Kikn; sondn-law of Kainal

I EUkt fri, 2es> liM JaMfl, mwi tHo worti m tha SLSSl docs ftot look

JaipiL

• Hiis wcrtl npp^n to he a misEAkci; It 13 ncrt in the 3I8S.

PUESUrr OF KliPSEATr. Of

Ciiaudharl of Sodliaral), and san’ a body of men aljout to cross in the night. He cried out to the boBtinen that there nos an order from the king Ja))Aiigir forbidding unknown men from crossing in the night, and that they must bo capful. Owing to the noise and uproar, the people of the neighbourhood gathered together, and Kamal’s sob-in*hiw took from the boatmen the pole with wlilch they propel the boat, and wliieh in Hinduatanl is called fKiffl. and (hus made the boat nnnianageable. AJthoiigh money was o^ered to the Ixwtniea. not one would ferry them over. Xewft Went to Abu-l-Qilsim Nainakiti. who was at Gujarat, near the Chenilb, that a body of men were waiiting to cross tJie river by night, and he at once came to the ferry in the night with hm aouH and some horsemen. Things went to such a length that Ilasain Beg shot arrows at the boatmen,^ and Kamal’s sondndaw also took to shooting arrows from the river-batik. For four kos the boat took its own way dowTi the ri ver, until at the end of the night it grounded, and try as they would the}’’ could not get it off. Meantime it became day, Abh-l-QAaim and J^wAja Iihi?r ^an, who by the efforts of Hilnl (Hmn had assembled on this (fthe west) side of the river, fortified its west bunk, and the aatnindam fortified it on the east.

Before this affair of Khusrau’s, I had sent HiJlJ JiJiHii as soaiwif to the aniiy appointed for K ashmir under Sa’id KhOn, and by chance he arrived in the neighbourhood (of the ferry) that same night; he came in the nick of time, and his elforts hod great effect in bringing together Abu-). Qriaiia !^ln Naraakin, and Khwiija f^iy-r in the

capture of musrau.

On the moniing of Sunday, the 24th of the aforesaid month, people on elephants and in boats captured Kbusrau, and on Monday, the lost day of the month, news of this

^ V^lisEj ttM boat ^Iwckp lia I^Outmaa Kvam aabenvp and it wm probabt^ thoD tiui lJiiiMtj4i allot at thaitt, 9» BIcH^hmanrip p. 414, n, S,

68

KJirSIUU BROrOHT BEFORE HIS FARTHER.

rei^ched me in the ijarden of Miral Kamr™. I imniedJatelj i oniered the Amlru-l-tiiufltfk toge to Gujamt and to bring Khiisrau to wait on loe.

I In counsels on State afiiirs and government it often happens that I act according to iny own judgment and I prefer iny own eonnsel to that of othera. In the first inatance I hod elected to wait on my revered father from Allahabad Ln oppoeitiou to the advice of my faithful Bcrvants, and 1 obtained the blessing of fierving him, and thb wjis for my ifipiritiial and temporal good. By the aanie course of conduct I had become king. The second instance ^sas the pursuit of Klmflraii, from which 1 was not held hack h^^ taking time to ascertain the {auapiciona) houtp etc., and from which I took no rv^i until I captured him. It is a atrange thing that after I Imd started I asked Hakim *AJf, who h leanied in matheniiitics^ how the hour of my departure had been (i.e, whether propitious or noth and he replied that in order to obtain my object if I had winhed to select an hour, there could not have been for yearu one selected lietter than that Ln which I mounted.

On Thurjalay^ Mubarram 3rd, 1015^ in Mirza Eamrai/s garden, they brought K.husrau before me with his hands tied and chains on his legs from the left side^ after the xnanner and custom of Chingl? Khan, They made Hu^in Beg stand on his right hand and “AMu-r-Rahim on hm left. K.husniu stcx>d weeping and trembling between them^ Otbuiin ik^g. wdth the ideo Unit it might profit him, began to speak wildly. When his purport became apparent to me 1 did not oIJdw him to continue talking, hut liandcd over Rinsniii in cliaina. and ordered these two villains to ha put id the skins of an ns and an ass^ and that they

• m th*m frtMn hiJi left hiim\ to hii left foot,

to thti l&w of Qung^ bhiirt” (Qbidwin’ii JiMagfr, <|iiot«l by lllioL, Ti, flOTJ, But Hp^areatly what iB mmzir ia tfwt ShUHno was Ud up from tim left sido of ivhfl caijierar.

1‘CyiSirMENT OF COMPANIONS, 69

should be tuou^ited on fwses ^th tbeir faces to the tai! * And thus takea round the city* As the ox-hide dried more quickly than that o£ the a^, flusain Beg ren^ained alive far four watches and died from suffocation, ^AMu-r Rabim, who was in the ass a akin and to whom they gav^e some refreslmient fifom outaidCf ri^uialned alive.

iroua Monday, the last day of ZL-]-bijja» until the 9th of 3Iubarrain of tlie aforesaid year, I renmined in MfrM Kamnlii’a garden because the time was unprDpitioiia* 1 bestowed Bhairawal * where the battle had taken place, on Shaikh Farid, and rewarded him with the high title of Miirta7Ji KhAn, For the sake of good government I ordered po«ts to be set up on both eid*ia of the road from the garden to the city, and ordered them to hang up and impale the sedkioxis AimAqs and others who lind taken part in the rebelliozL Thus each one of them received an extniordinary punishment. I ggive headship to tboae Undholdem who hiui shown 103 -alty, and to evety one of the Chaiidliaris between the JheUm and the Chenab 1 gave land-S for their support.

Of ffu-sain Beg’^ property there w’ere obtained fnjta the house of Mir Muhnminad Baqi nearly sevea Jakha of mpeea. This WHS exclusive of what he had made over to other places and of what he had with him. After thia, whenever Ilia name is mentioned, the words * Tjtr

• Dtj Janie^ in tli^ hi^twy uf .fwit givai ^mn detaiiji

iilwat the puxLtsknmnt. Tho bullnek nnd sju wm tm tJw

H\m And tboSr ^tiiw Wiere un lhn lndl« <kF Cho Un}Lii|ipy Hmul

aihI flrtTii were left na tbfs skiniL

• PerhitjH the mtnaing hi that thn Wmlher ir^i tmr|,

■ The fHTjpcr farm te Ihe Bbolitiaw^], thn Blo^rowjll ot the ftuijifL

It Is on IhvTialtt bank of thm Blflli m tho road fri>ni JalaadJin^ in

AmHtmr. ^ Blotikmann. p 414. naio.

• Ttw wonk uti ocdlttMl Id ths tBlt Erakinc fwd in his MS, c?.fu

which 1 do nerf^ The 1.0. and B,M. MS. Or

^(S hAVfl u y^irdA, linuin Bag. whow J^rufMn- nmav> Ifiiaaji.

WM a \tpmvia AdMivf. aitd did good anrviito nndw Akhar. .Sm hia Liograiihr in Blooluttaan. pu 4^

70

j.^hanoTr enters jjimm:.

(bullocks Atnl will fwj When he cAnie to thin

Court in company with 3lfrscH ShAhnikli he lifid ooe horse. By dei^‘tss his n^FairH flourished so that ho becorao posse&^Mxl of treasure both M’sible and buried, uiid projects of this kind entered his mind.

WiJJo Khasnius affair was still in the will of Cod, as there was no actual govcnior l^etween Afghanistan and Agra, which is a source of sedition and iiiischief, aIld^ fearing that KiiiLsrau’s affair might l>o proloiij^^, I ordered raj’ son Paru’Tz to leave some of the sardars to look after the Riiiift and to come to Agtiv with A^f KMn and a liody of those nearly coiiueetcd w’ith him in tlie sorvite. ffe WTO to consider the protcctiou and management of that region hig special cliarge. But by the blessed favour of Allah, Khusrau’a affiiir was settlt?d before Parwij arrived in Agra: I accordingly ordered mj’’ aforesaid son to come and wait on me.

On Wednesday I Muharraiii 8th, I atispiciouslj^ eiitci^ the fort of Lahore. A mmiber of loyalists repreBcnted to mo that my retuni to Agm would fsi for the good of tho State at tills time when much was going amiss in fiujamt, in the Deccan, and in Bengal, Tills counsel did not meet with my approval, for the report-i of Shah Beg Khan, the governor of Qandahar, showed that the officers of the Persian border were meditating an attack on that fortress. They had been moved thereto by the muehiriations of the residuum of the ilirms of Qandahar^s ruiy, which was always shaking the chain of contention. Tho Persian officers had ivrilten letters to these niEitconteuta, and there was likelihood of a disturbance. It occuirijd to me tliat the death of His Majesty Akhar and tlie unreoaoiiable outbreak of Ufausnin might put an edge ou their design, and that they might attack Qmidahar. What had occurred to my mind became a realused fact The governor of Farilh, the Malik of Sistan, and the jagirdats of that neighbourhood, with the of Husain Kb^. the

OF qakdakae.

71

^ovtraor of Hemt, iovaded QAndaliar. Praist^ m iluo to th« inniiline-S9 and cotiragc of tShikk B45g Khau, who planted \m foot finniy like a iiian, atid iRtryiigtheatKl thn fort, and scented Idnisolf on the top qf the thinl(?) dtAde) qf the iifore»aid fort in iiTich a riianner thatout«klcrB could ace hia eutertainmontii. During the siege he girded not Iuh loiiiSp but witli Ijare head and arranged particsi of phiuBure; yet no day passecl tltat he did not wend a forte^ from the fort to nic^t the foe and did not niake uianly t-dortw. Thin went on long as he wiis in the fort, Tiie Qj^lbl^ anny hud invested nn three ddefth When news of this reached lahore it was clearly addsftble to rcinain in that neighbourhcMxJ, A large force was iiunicdiately uppointi^l under the leadenihip of ^Ur^l Ohaa:!. who was accompanies] by ft nuinlx^r of men of rank and aervirntfl of the Conrt, flUch 03 Qara Beg and Tukhta Beg^ who had bet^u promoted wit h tho titles of Qahl tthaii and SarcLlr (Qian. I appointed Mima Ohazi to a uiaiisab of 5,000 pcrsoiialp and horsemen^ and lieatowed drums on him. Mlrm Qliftzi was the son of Mirza Jikni Tarkhan, king of ITmtliah (Sind^ and by the efforts of ‘Abdn-r-Rabiin KhankhuiiAii tiiat country liad Ixvu conquered in the reign of tlie late king. Tlie country of Thathah was included in hia jagir, and he held the rank with personality and horsemen of li^OOOp After his death hia son Mir/A QlMIzI wm raised to his riink and service^ Timir ancestors were among the amirs of SuJplii ilnsuiii Mintrt Bily-qara, the ruler of Khurasan, and they were originally deacciulcd from the amirn of Tinnlr qiraut). Khwaja “Aqil wm appointed iMiklishi of this urui3”; 4^i,CIOO rupees weto given to Qanl Khan for road expenses, and I-t^OOO to Xcw|di Beg and Qillj Beg. who were to accompamy Mirzfl QbAzL t determined to stay at Lahore in order to settle this matter and until the intention of a tour to Kabul. About this time the rank of Hakim Fathu-llah aas fixed, original and increased, at 1,000 jiersonaJity and 300 horse^ xVs Shaii^ Husain J&jnl hud

AHJUyp the ^IKH XKADllE.

hud about eul^ which hod c:rotEie true. I gAve liitii

twenty hnkhis of datn^, equivalent to 3^000 or 40,000 rui>etWj for the expon^eH of hiinBelf and hiji monastery and the dervisho* wlio were with him. On the 22iid I pro¬ moted ‘Ahdudlah KMu to the rank of 2.500 personal and J500 horse, origitial and increaaetL 1 ordered to be given to the aliadLs two hikhs of rupees to be paid in advance and deducted by degrees from their moiithi}- pay, I beat«)wed d,00Q rupees on QaEom Beg Khiin, the soii-iodaw of Shall Beg Khan, and 3^000 rupeea on Say^dd Bahadur SiiAn,

In Crobindwilb which is on the river Bijilh (Beas)^ there was a Hindu named Aijun^^ lu the gannonta of sainthood and sanctity^ so much so tliat he Imd captured Kiany of the simple-hearted of the Hindus, and even of the ignorant and foolish followers of lalaiu, by his ways and manners, and they had loudly sounded the drum of his holiness^ Thc 3 " called him frfirfi^and from all aides stupid people crowded to worship and luauifcst complete faith iti hiai. For thr&e or four generations (of spiritual suceeascirH) the^^ Iiad kept this shop warm. Mmy times it occurred to me to put a stop to this vain affair or to bring hini into the aaseiuhly of the people of Islam.

At last when fthtmiTiii passed along this road thus insignificant fellow proposed to wait npoti liim. liJjusniU happened to halt at the place whore he was^ and ho came utit aiul difl hotiiagu to him. He behaved to Khusniii in certain special wa^’s, and mode on his forehead a tiiigcr- inark in RuHron, which the ludiaiis (Hindu wan) call Olid m considered propitious Wh*>u thb came to my ejirs anrl I dearly understood hm folly, I ordered them

’ Jidrfi of Ute Sikhf* and ^lEupikir of the UranLli. He waa

lU^ ffidw Oo.iea hi^ of the

pKnjttL. |i, _hi 3, Arjttii 4 lomb In in L^bom

But is a. Turkijili word. Tbo Hindi phnue netatcii to be

arrival of PARWlSi."

7 ‘^

to produce him and handt.Hi over Ida hoiu^a, dwell!ng- pkccN, and children to Murtaxa Khtin, and having con- JhiCfitod liift property comnianded that he should be put to death.

There wore two men named Ruj^ nnd Amba, who^ under the flliadow of the protection of the eunuch IhiuSat made their livelihood by oppression and tyranny^ and had done many acts of oppression in the few days that lihusrau wm before Lahore, I ordered Kajil to the gallows and a fine to be taken frotn Aioba, w’^ho was reputed to be wealthy. In short, lo*000 nipevs were collected froiii him, ivbich buui I ordered them to expend on (refectoricH) and in charityH

Sa dii-Ikh Kirill, son of Sa’d Kbiln, was pruinoted to the rank of 2,000 persi’>nal and 1,000 horse.

In his great desire to wait upon me, Parw’iz traversed long distances in a short time, in the rainy season and incessant rain, and on Thursday, the 2flth, when two Avatehes and three gharl uf day had pased, obtained the blessing of seeing me. With exceeding kindness and affection, I took him tab> the einbrace of favour aud kissed his forehead*

V^^en this disgracefu] conduct aliowtKl itself in liliU-sraUr I had resolved not to delay in any place till 1 had captured him. There was a probability that he might turti back tow^ards Hindustan, so it appeared iinpoUtic to leave Agni empty, as it AVas the centre of the State, the at>ode of tlie ladies of the holy harem, and the depository of the AA-orld s treasures. ()n these accounts i ht^d written when leaving Agra to I’anviZn saying tlmt his loyalty hiul had this result, tliat IQpusniii bad tied and that Fortune had turned her face toward himself; that 1 had starteil in purnuit of Khusniu, and that ha should consequently dispose nf the nffiilit of the Riina in some AA’av according to the necessity of the tinjCj. and for the bene lit of the kingdom should himself come quickly to

74

ACfOU.Vt OF THE RINA*

AgTA, J Ijfid Jijiiv’arcil into liin chargo the cnpitAl atid trertfiurj- whjcli waB to the weftltli of Qtirun,* and

1 had comni ended him to the God of power. Before tliia letter refiehed Porwfz, the Rarul Imd been bo liumbled that ho Juwl Hint to Awif Kliiiii to siiy tluit as by hiB own acts he had come to shaiiie and disgmee, he hoped that he would interciKle for him in sucli iv way thiit the prin<Mi would be coote^nt with his sending Jiagha,® who was one of his soiia. PrtnviK had not agreed to tliis^ and Maid that either the flAiia iiiuiself aJiuiild come or that ho slionld iwiid Kanaji^ .Meantime the news of tihuaniu’‘H dJ^turbeihce arrived, and on it^ account Ai^if Khan and other loynlisti? agreed to the eoiiung of Bagha, who obtained die blearing of waiting on tile prince near ^lamlalgarh.

Panviz, leaving Rjija Jagaiinath and tnoist of the ehiofa of hia aniiy, started for Agra with Amf jQykn and some of thocfe near to him and his own attendantM, and with, him bronght Bagha to the Court. WTicn he Cfiine near Agi-a ho heard the iiew» of the -ictor3’’ over lyiiij^mu and hk capture, itiid after resting two da^Ts nn order roaclied liiin that us matters uppeaiied settled hi all quartera he should Letalce fiiuis<?]f to tne. lu oitier that on the preacritied date tie might obtain the good fortune of waiting on me, I bestowed on Idtu the parasol wiiicb w one

of the oigiis of royalty, and I gave him the rank of 10,000 uiid sent an order to the officials to grant liiin a jagir. At this time f sent ilirzfl *AIi Beg to Kashmir; 10,000 rup4<es Were delivered to Qiixi ’l^^jsatudlah to di^-ide amongst faqirs and the poor of Kabul. Ahmad Beg Khan was promotes] to the rank of 2,000 personal and 1,250 liorwt, original and extra. At the same time Jluqarrab w^ho ]i2u{ been sent to Burhanpnr to bring the ehildtvu of DiuiiyaJ, returned after an absence of 6 mouths

• Tic mttain of itc^, lanKws tur bin Wijalth < th« Korali of tl« Bililc.

■ Glulirii^ liu Xjlgk

• BlochjTMUin, ji.

PRO^OTiOSS. ARRIVAL OF DANITAL^S CHILDHEH. 75

22 dfiyii Aiid bad the honour of an aiidience, and rekkxl in detail what had occurrwl m thoae K!|gion«^

Saif }yirin wag p^ 0 [nDt€^d to the rank ui 2,000 iM^ri+oiml and 1,000 horae^ Sliaikli Al>du-l-Wahhftb^ of the Bukhara Rtt354ds, who waa giovornor of Delhi under the late king, wan dinaiissed from the powt (by me) for certain ill-deeda done by hid men, and was entered jimongst the lioldera of siilwistimce lands and the

Tn t!ie whole of tlie heroditar)^ dounnionfl, both the crown lands and the jagirs* I ordered the preparatiou of hidfth ur-khdnm (free eating-houseii)^ where cooked food might be provided for the poor acoDrdiiig to their oondition, and Jio that residents and travelled both might reap the benefit.

Arnba* Khan Kashmiri, %vho was of the stock of the miens of Kashmir^ wa-S selijcted for the rank of 1,000 personal imd 300 Jioi’^e, On Monda3*F Rftbi’u-l-al^ir tHhi I gaVB Fttrw^i;^ a special a word ; awtl jewelled sw^otdii were presented also to Qntbu-d-din Koka and thfl

Aniirud-umara. I saw’ DaniyiU’s cliildrtn, w horn Muiiarrab Khan hatl brought; there were three sons and four daughters, Tlie hoy^ Ixire the names Tiihmilras* Bay- Hungliar, and Hiishiiiig, Snch kuidness and affection were show’ll by me to these children as no one thought possible. I resolved that X’l^hmums^ who was the eldc^i, should alwaj’ii be in waiting on me, anil the others w*ere luinded over to the cliargo of my own sisters.

A special dress of honour waa sent to Raja Man Singh In Bengal, T ordered a rew^ard oi 30 lakhs of dams to yUriA I beatowifd on Shaikh Ibrfthim, of

• Akt«r i^Erui, Slip 744^p ned Elcicbiftiuinp p He wM A man ^

jiietv ttwl lainiiflg. and JahfihlHr tbat N r&ttjnfi htm lo hi#

(azmvr llfciiBt Tlvs nr aiwiJiriaoa per#™, wm

wImS efleral ap jrtyenf fMT thfl kan^‘si and elhw bWidgUv

» Aniba kiU^i tuwr hy Xar-Jahn‘ hiubaJ^t, ^Ir Afgmft fTfliuk, p|., M. AS},

» Bloctimanap p. 310,

76

JAHANGIR IVilTS UPON HIS MOTIlEfi.

Qutbu-d-(liii K2.WU Kokfl. the rank of 1,000 porsonal and 300 lionte, and digniHt-d Jiiin with the title of Ki^war Kin Ah.

As when I started in pursuit of iiiiUHraii I Iiad left lay son Kburmm in cliargu of the puluceji and treasury, I now, when tliat oflair fiad been settled, ordered the said son to attend upon Harjut Manram-Kaiiiunj and the other Indies, and to escort tJn-iu to me. When they reached the neighbourhood of Lahore, on Friday the 12th of the month uieiitioned, I embarked in a Ixiat and went to a %‘illage iiained Datir to meet my mother, and I liod tlie good fortune to be received by her. After the performance of obeisance and proatnitioii and greeting vrhich is due frani the young to the old according to the cnstoni of Chingiz, the rules of Timur aud cotuinon usage, and after woralup of the King of the World (God), and after Sniehiug this busiin.‘ss, I obtained leave to return, and re-entered the fort of Lahore.

On the irth, liii-ing appointed Mtiizstu-I-muIk baklwhi of the army against the Kaim, I dismmed him to it As news had come of the rebellion of Ray Ray SingJi and his sou, Dullp, in the neighhourlnwd of NVigor, f ordered Raja Jagaiinath to i)roceed against them with others of the servants of the State and .Mu’izzu-I-mulk, and to put a stop to this disturhanct^ I gave 50,006 rupees to Sardar pAn, who had been appointed to the place of .Shfih Beg pm ae Governor of Qaudaliar, and I promoted Jiim to the rank of 3,000 persoml and 2,.500 horse. To Kliizr

Klian, the late ruler of tihajidesh, a’c and to hia brother, .4hnind Kiifia.i

were gi ven 3,000 rupees, u.^ who is one of the

^Auazfidaa of the State. Hashim KliAn, sou of QAsiiu Mian, who is one of the hoiLse-born of the State, aud

worthy of Adi’AHoeriieiit, I pmnjott’d to rank of 2,500 porRonal and 1,500 horse. I gavo him al^} one of my own horses, I gent robes of honour to eight indisTidmila aujongHt the nobles of tlie army of the I>ecc3in.^ Five thousand rupees %veto given to Xts^m of ShiniK, the story- toll en Three thanfiaiid rupees were given for the expenses of the b\d^0.r-l^ilua of Kashmir to the uxikU of Mirzft ‘Ah Beg, tlio governor of that plaee, to send to Srinagar. I prt^sented ft jowvllvd dagger of thu value of ^1,000 rufK^ to Qutbu-d-din Kham

ICew& readied me that Shaikh IbrAliitn BAUt, the Afghan, had opened a religious cstahlishment (lit. mie of being a sl taikb and having disci plea) in one of the ])a rganas^ of lahote, and ns his doings were dbrtputabhi and foolish a ooiisidcrahle nuudjerof Afghans had collected round Juin+ I ordered kitn to Vkj brought and handid over to Parwiz to bo kept in the fort of Chunar; so this vain diKturbince was put an end to.

On Sunday, 7 th Junuida-l-aw wah many of the iuan.saibdarH and ftJmdis were proiivoted: llahalMt Khan obtained the rank of 2.000 personal and L3(10 horse, DLlawar KbAu 2,000 per^nal and 1,400 horse, U’azim-Umulk 1,‘iOO personal and 550 horse, tjayy^ KbAn l.OOO personal and horse* Shy am SingJj 1,500 ikm-sdihiI and 1200 hoiae ^ In the mmti ™y forty-two niansftbdarH were promoted. On mofit dftVH the same observanee^i occur. I presented ParwLss udth a ruby of the value of 25,000 rupees. On Wednesday the OtJi of the aforesaid month, the 21st of Sb^^hriwar after three watches and four ghari,% the feant for iny aolar weighing, which u* the coiiiiueneeioent of the SHth year of itiy age, tMik place. According to custom they got rcatly

^ Thifl ho^ iceordlng to lKo ibo Kinft,’*

not irm^’ IknaMb^

® Hip hmvv in the htighbmirtood of L*h£Ve,^ tlirwii had then

eWrg^of Bklur.

• ■fell, wronglyp Bduiwa. JiMngir^rM Wmon tlin21fft of

78

»JLAR WEJGlilse OF JAHXySfR,

the woighiug n,pp*mtus and the jicivlija. in the house of ifurj’fliu-zaKiHiil (hvH mother). At tJie moTiietit appointed blbSHin^ were invoked and I sote iu the scales. Each suspending rope a’os held b 3 ’ on elderh’ person who offered op praj’ere. The first time the weight in gold come to three Hindustani luaonds and ten seers. After this I ivas weighed against several metals, perfumes, and eaaences, up to twelve weighings, the details of which will he given hereafter. Twice a year I weigh myself against gold and silver and other metals, and agaiiat all sorts of silks and cloths, Hj)d various grains, etc., once at the beginning of tlie solar ye&r and once at that of the lunar. The weight of the money’ of the two weighings I hand over to tlio different treasurers for faqirs and those in want On the same auspicious day I promoted Qutbu-d^ Koka,

who for many years had expected such a day,* ndth varioim faiiiours. First, I gave him the rank of 5,000 pereonal and horse, and with this a special robe of honour, a jewelled sword, and one of iny oum horses, with a jewelled saddle, and I gave him leave to go to the sulahdarship of the province of Bengal and Orissa, which is a place for 50,000 horse. As a mark of honour be set off accompanied by a large force, and two lakhs of rupees were given him aa « Humptuan^ allowance. My eopuection ndth liis motlter is auch that as in my childhood I was under her guardinn-> ahip and care, I have not so much affection for my own mother as for lier. She is to me my gracious mother, and I do not h^d him leas dear than my own brothers and children. Qutbuni^t the foster-brother who is moat W for fosten^, I gai’c 300,000 rup.i>s to his auxiliaries. On hm^y sent 130,000 as a marriage present (sdcA*,) the daughter of Pahfirl <lijs brother Murftd). who liad been betrothed to Parwla.

REMARKABLE LErTER 0^^ KOKA-

79

On the 2^nd, BAz EiihAdur QtiIiiiAji|, vviio hnd long l^en guilty of eril practices in Bengal, by the giiidiuice of fortune obtam€]d the lionour of kisj^itig my threshold. I gBve hun a jewelled dagger^ R.OOO mpee^p and promoted tilm to the rank of 1,000 personal and homo* One lakh of rupees and easli and jewels were bcstowetl on Parwi^, Kesho Das Maru was proniot4:‘d to the gnide of 1,500 personal and horse* Ahu-hljaKSn, who had been the diwan and factotum of my brother Daniyal, together with his children,^ had the honour of an aiidicncep and w-as mised to the rank of IpOOO personal and 500 horse. On the Ist of the second JuuiAda Sltaikh Bftyazid,* who was one of the ^aikhxildAS of Sikri, well known for brilliance of understauding and knowledge, and the coimectioii of old service * was honoured with the title of Khaiip

and to him I gave the government of Delhi. On the 21 st of the same month I presented Farwlz with a necklace composed of four rubies and one hundred peiarK The rank of Hakim Mui^^ar was fixed at S,000 pers&nAl and IpOOO horsep original and extra, 1 gave 5,000 rupees to Nathu Mal(?)p Raja of ManjhoU.^

A remarkable oecorrence was the diseovery of a letter from Mirza blziz Koka to ‘All Kban, the ruler of KbRudesh. I had had an impression that he had a particular enmity to me on Kbn»™“’s account, who W’as his ? 5 on-in-luW- From the disco very of this writing it became clear that lie had never given up hLs innate treachery, and had aduptefl this anhtfcomjng attitude towards my revered father also. In short, this Jetter which he had written at some time to Eaja “AlJ iiluin

PerhAfM tliti tDMiing bi that hut iatraiu«d along with chikla^n.

■ BtdKibmaiin, jj. 4S2.

® Th^it refer* to hia i^nittmuge.

^ In the M3a. thin nWB* seeniji tn Ufi Bhlfla Mat MjmjbnU in written ^leajhaleh in B 1 oeb 4 »enn+ |l 17^.

80

g OBJECT OF LETlEfl CONIINCEH.

wiiA froDi Ix’^iifilng to end EulJ fif abuae am! cOfiapprubatioD, ais<l ttftid thiiiga which no etieuiy even cnuld have writfeii and such as could not be attributed to anyone^ and far t4> one like His Majesty, a kiu^

anil an apprvciatii^e sovereign, who from childhood had educated him and brought him up because of what vigils < lue fur flcnncttf? rendered hy his mother, and raised the standard of reliance on hhn to such a hi^h dejip-cu as no other pei> 0 Ji (KKsesaed. This letter fell into the liands of KhwAja Abu-hlbORan m Burlmnpur ainotigsi the property of Raja ^4^1 (ifiAn. He brought and laid it before me+ III reading and setung it the hair on tiiy limbs stood on end. But for the consideration and due reoogiiitioti of the fact that his mother had given her milk to my father I coulil have killed him with my own hand Having pracurtd liLs attendance I gave the letter into his hand and told him to read it with a loud voice to thodse present. When he saw the letter I thought his body ivotdd have partesi from his souh but viuth shainelessness and impudence he remJ it os though he had not written it and ivas r^^ading it by order. 1’hose present in ttmt para4hK^-llke Assembly of the se^rvanta of Akbar and Jaliangir and heard the letter read, Ictosencd the tongue of rt^proach and of curses and abuse. I put the question to hinn “Learing aside the tn.‘Hcheries which in reliance on your w’ortMesa self you contrived against my fortune, wiiat i.vas done to you by my father, who raised you and your family from the dust of the road to such wealth aiwl dignity as to make you the envy of your coiitcrnpomrles, that you should w’rite these things to the enemies of liLs Empire ? Why did you enrol yourself amongst the wicked and disbyal r Truly, what can one make of an original nature and innato disposition? Since your teiii|jti’rnmerit hm* In^en nourished by the water of tn^achery, wliat else can spring up hat such actions ? Passing over what you did to myself^ I gave you the rank you had held hr fore, thiivkhig that )^otir treachery

MARHIAGK OF PJilNCB PABWIX.

was dinicU-d ttgaiu,* me only, Since it has become known tliat you behoved in a Bi’mikr way to your benefactor ond visible Deity, 1 leave you to the tliuugbts and actioxia wbich you fonnerly had and still hava” AfU-r tlicsc remorks bis iip« dosed, and lio was utioblo to moke any reply. Wlmt could he liave said in the prenence of such disgrace i 1 gnve an order to deprive him of Ids Although what this ingrate had done was inipanloooble, yet in the end, from certain couaidcralions, 1 passed it over.

On Sunday the 26th of the above-mentioned mooth iivas held the marriage feast of Parwiz and the daughter of Prince Munul. Tlie coromony was perfonned in the boose of Her Highness Maryam-nuriani. The entertain’ nicnt was arranged in the house of Parwlx, and all who ero pn^T&cnt were with, nil IciiicIb of lionour liiid

civilities. Nine thousand nipees were handed over to ^larif Aiiiuli and other nobles, to be given in alms to faqint and other poor people.

On Sunday the 10th Rajnb I left the city to hunt in Ciiijluik and JTandann,* and took up my quartets In the garden of Rani Das. where I remained four days.

On Wednesday the 13th the solar weighing of ParwiK took pkee. They weighed him tw’elve times against various metoJs and other things, and each weighing came to two uiaunds and eighteen sw^rs, I ordered the whole to be distributed amongst fsqirs. At this time the rank of ghajA’at Khan was fixed at ] ,.’jOQ personal ond 700 horse original and extra.

After the oiarch of Mirai QbAzi aiul his force it occuned to me to send a second contingent after him. Having hcatowwi on Bahadur* fyjJin Qfirliegj the rank of 1,500 personal and 800 horse, original and extra, I started off

• f NiUsUapsr. Than riliicfis an in ijiailmgAr, n«Br MtatOn,

^ MS. Jlil flA>uir, find it IMM iiutwij of ftpp b^ne.

e

82 OFFICEt^S AI’FOI^TED TO AUI AS eOLLEAGUES.

a body of rivalry,^ whicli CftOK? to About 3,000, vnth hiiiJ under the leadership of Shah Beg niid Muhftjuuiud Aullei. For the expenses of this foinee 200,000 rupeett were given and 1,000 iiiusketcers were also appointed.

I left Awif Ishnh to guard ^thusrau and defend Ijihore. The Anilni’l-umarH yrm deprived of the Iinuour of waiting on me, as he had a severe iJJnessj and rtunainefl in tlio city. ‘Abdii-r-lbiHsaiq MaUnOri, wlio had liecn summoned from the Haiia’s conntry’, was promoted to be bakhshi at hoadijimrtcrH, and it was onlercd that in coinjiany with ‘Abu-i-hofion he should perform this service pem^anentl3% Following iny father’s rulep I appoint two men in oafiociation in the discharge of the chief offices, not from want of conEdence In thenip but Ijecause, as they arc mortal and no man is safe from accidents or illness, if any con¬ fusion or obstacle aliouJd present itself to one the other is there m that the affiaira of the servants of God may not come to ruin.

At thin time also news came that at the DasoJira, which is one of the fi:xed feast days of the HinduSp ^Abdudlah KMn Iwid mode an Incurdon from Kalpl, whicli is his jagir, into the province of Bandihihp and displaying great vaJonr laadc prisoner Raui Chand, son of Madhuknrp who for a long time had niowle a centre of disturbance in that difficult country and taken Inm to KalpT, For this service he was presented with a standard and raised to 3,00ft persoiiai and 2,000 horse.

Petitions from the subah of Biluir represented that Jahangir Qnli bad hod a battle with Sangnim^ one

of tbc chief zamindarfl of Bihar, who bad about 4,000 horse and iniiumcrable foot, on account of certain opposition and

• Tm^ /jt’erf (t), MS. IS| Kba bArt, imd OOfl swffiS lo hnVu- tho

mn^L Om \t wmn ^ ml ^voky^i ^ BJiJchmann luys pclulcd oat, ari. n. iit tbfl W^rd VymAcl dD» Ei«i inftiTi the lrib&, hat wm» a-Hxl

to dffuatc u napvnar k’m\ of c&Vmlry.

JTVimM} INCTLUNTS.

sa

diwloyalty on rongjj lund, And that on the fi^ld tho aforcflftJd yinn had hiinaeJf manfully. I„ the end Sungram

diHJ of ft gmishot wound ; immy of hie men fell in the tattle, and those saved fmm the swoid took to flight. 8)11^ fhi^ distitiguifthed affair had been hrunght about by Jahangir Qidi Kbftii, I promoted him to the rank of 4,500 peraoual and 3.500 horse.

Ihrce months and six dai’s passed by in hunting; 581 animals were captim^d with Uie gun, hunting leopards and nets, and a qaitmnj^i ; of tliese 158 were killed by tny own ‘jainargali was held twice; on one occasion in (‘ijjhak, when the ladies were present, 155 animab were killed; and the second time, in Natidbia, 110.‘ The detaib of the animals killed arc as follows; moonbun sheep, 180 ; diountaiii goats. 29 ; wHld asaes, 10; Nilgai, 0; antelope! ^tc*p 3-48.

On Wednesday the iBth Shawwal I returned safe from my hunting, and when one watch and six gharb of day had passed I entered Lahore ou the day nomcih Oaring this huntinga atrango affiiir was witnessed At ChondwaJoh, where a minaret had been erected, I had wounded in the belly ft black antelope. hen wounded, ii sound proceeded from him such as I have never heard from any antelope, except in the rutting season. Old hunters and those with me Were astonished, and said they never remciubered nor hod they heard from their fathers that such a voice imoed from an ftnteJope except at ratting time. This lias been written down becaose it is not void of strangeness. I found the flesh of the mountain goat more delicious tlion that of all wild animals, although its skin b exceedingly ilhodouml, so much so that even when tanned the scent is not diwtroyed!

I ordered one of the largest of the he-goats to be weighed; it was 3 iiiaunds and 24 see™, erjuaj to 21 foreign tuannds

’ Tho « ring hunt jirad iiKwa aftj himi irf gsmot Uw toi

irere sboe at oUrtir tiuis; U>s total trf the list bIkhUS 1>a B|i(ianiitlr

ai hams* PUNI81151EST OF BUUr,

(Persian). I ordered a largt! ram to be weighed, and it raiide to 2 nsaaiidH aud see™ er[i]al to 17 Fersian

(t^riZayciilF) mauiids;. TJie largest and strongest of the ivnld «jvw ^ weiglied 9 maunda and 16 seers, etjuaJ to 7G Fef»uiii (Mrilayati) iiiaands, I have fre<|uently beard from hontera and thoac fond of the chase that at a certain regular la me a worm devolopB in the liotiis of the mountain inin, and that this Tvorm causes an irritation which iiidncea the niiu to light witli his hind, and tliat if he Hilda no rival he strikes his head against a tree or a rock to allay the irritation. After enquiry it Heeras that the same worm appears iu the horn of the female shi^ep, and ninee the feuiak! docs not fight the Htatement is clearly untma Though the lieah of the wild ass is lawful food and moat tiien like to eat it^ it was in no wa}* suited to my taste,

inasmuch m ficfore this time the purushnient of Dnlip and of Ills father, RAy Ray Singh, had been ordered, them now’ caioe news tliat ZAhid fOiAn, the son of t^iq Khan, and ‘Abdu-r-Bah~un, son of Shtiikh Abu4-fa^, and Ranil Sankar and Muiz^md-iinilk, with another force of umimbdars and followers of the Court, imd heard news of Dulip in the neighbourhood of Xagor, which 18 in the subah of Ajmir, and having moved agam^ him had found him* As he could dnd no way of eacape+ of necessity he planted a firm foot and came to blow^ with the royal army. After a abort encounter he was badly beaten and gave over many to slaughter, and hinrseli, taking with him hia owti effects^ fied into the vole of min.

** tVttb broken ftmW mad Iek^wqccI Init,

Xd jx>w^ ta hehI no Cmi* for hcttd. ^

In Spite of Ids old age, I continued Qillj KMn m lufi mansab because of hia oerrico under my father^ and I ordcrctl that he should get a jagir in the snrkar of KalpL

In the mouth Zi-bqa’da the moilier of Qutbu-d-dm KbaB Koka, who luul given me her milk and was or

OP NURSE, skcoxu tr\r. ^

u mother to mo or oven kinder than my own kind motherp and in whose lap I bod been brought up from infaucyp wm oomnilttcd to the mercy of God. I planed the feet of her cojpty on my ^houldem and carried her a part of the way (to her grave). Through extrome grief and sorrow 1 hod no melination for mmo to cat, and I did not change my clothea

On Wediieaday the 22 nd 101$ (10th 5lart:hp

1U07), H^heii 3J gimris of the day had pjissed^ Gie sun t%jm to his Hoxm* of Honour Thty deeonited the palace after the uuual fashiun : a great PiiterUininent was prepared^ and having seated mysetf at an auspieioua hour on the throne of aocesaiou I exalted the nobles and cmirtiera with kindness and favour. On this same uiispioious day it was learned from the reports sent from Qaijdahar that the army sent tinder Mlrjsa Qhasth of lliiTca JiLrUn to Huecour (which had been appointed to assist) Shah Beg had

entered the city of Qandaluir on the 12th of Sliawwal When the Persians heard of the arrival of the victorious aruiy at the last stage before the aforesaid cityp* tliey became surprised aud W’retchcd ancl repentant, and did not draw rein until they liad rt^hed the Hclinand, fifty or sixtv kos distant.

In the aeoond place it became known that the governor of Farfth and a nomber of the oflicerji of that neighbour¬ hood luid taken it into their heads, after tlie death of tho late king, that in this confusion QiiiKiaiiar might easily fall into their hands, and without waiting fur an order fit>iu Shah ‘Abliaa had collected togothor and won over the Chief of SewisLAn (Sistan). Sending m>[tieoEie to

^ ‘The brnto tho &r.b flCogti of ’ lust.”

86

SIBSE OF diJfDAKAR,

Ilumin Khan, the govomor of Hemt, they lutked for support from him. He also sent a force. After tliat they turued to attack Qiindahar, ^ah Beg Klu’ui, the governor of that place, aeeing tlmt battle hiut two heads, and that if (which God forbid t) he should bo defeated he would lose poasoseiou of Qandahsr, thought that to confine Idmaclf in a fort would be better than to fight. He therefore determined to hold the fort, and setit ijuick messengers to the Court. It happened tliat at this time the ro^ial atondanls lm<i started from Agra in pnrsuit of Khustuu, and had arrived at Lahore. Itnmediately on Jtearing this nows (from Shah Beg Khan), a large force was sent off of amirs and inaiLsabdars under Mirza Gbftsci. Before the Mlnsn reached Qandahar the news had been carried to the Shiih (of Persia) that the governor of Farfth, with some of the jagirdnrN of tliut neighbourhood, bad prooceded towards the province of Qandahar. Considering this an improper proceeding, he wnt fWin Beg, a well-known man and one of his own intimates, to make enquiries. He also sent a farman in their mmes that they should move away from the ricinity of Qandahar and go to tlieir own places and abodes, because the friendaliip and amity of lus aiioeatore with the dignified family of Jnhilngir PiM^nh wore of old standing. That bJdy, before the arrival of Hiisuin Beg and the King’s order, not l>eing able to oppose the royal army, conifidered the opportunity of returning a favourable one. The .said Husain Beg censured the men and started olf to wait on me, which he Jiad tlie honour to do at Lahore, He explained that the ill-fated army winch had attacked Qandahar Jiad acted w ithout the order of Shah ‘Abhils. God forbid (he said) that in consequence of this ans’ nnpleatuintness should remain in my mind. In short, after the victorious troops reached Qnudahar, they, according to orders, delivered the fort over to Sardnr J^nn, and Ssbilh Beg Khan retnrned to Court with the relieving fore*.

KAir CEAX» iTJiUAN lodL 87

On the 2Tth Zi-l-r|a’cla^ ‘Ab(lii4lab having brought

Kutn Chand Bandflah into captivity and chaiin^, brought him before tue. I oixtercd them to tike the fetors froui hLs legs, and bestowed on him a robe of honour* and handed him over to Raja Baso that he might take security and release him and a number of lib relations who had been capture<l with liira. Thin through my eleineiicy and kindness came to pass; He had never imagined such clemency and kindness as I ahowod to him.

On the 2rid Zi-bhiija I gave rny son HJinrrain a fiXmdfi It t&fjh, a dag and druras^ and bestowed on him. the rank of 8^000 peni(>aal aud 5,000 horse, and gave an order for a jttgir. On the same day, iiaviiig exalted Fir Khan/ son of Daulat Kiaii Lofli, who iiad come frum Kimndesh with the cliildten of Daniyak with the title of Halabai Hban and honoured him with the rank of 9,000 {K^rsonal and l,50Q tiorse, and presented him with a standard and drums* I promoted him to the distinction of sonahip (yiirzo-Tidi) l>eyond his fellows and equala Tlie anee^stora and uncles of ^laliat graiidfatlier had been gireat

and honourable among the tribe of Lodi. An earlier Dmdat Ki^aiit uncle of ^labat Khanb grandfather, W’ben Ibrahim after hb father Sikandur’a death, began to boliave ill to his father’s amirs and destroyed many* iM^come appre¬ hensive^ and sent his younger sun, Diliiwar fQiah, to wait Ufion HAI, Bahar in Kabul, and suggested to him the acquisition of HiudustaiL As Babur also had this enter- pri»e in mind, he at onqc priieecdod in that direction, and did not turn Jib rein till he reached the nei^hbourliood i>f Lahore. Dauhit ^lan wdtli his followera obtained the good fortune to wait upon him* and performed loyal gi^rviee. As lie was an old man, adomi^ wdth inward and outward excellencies, he did much good service. He (BAbar) generally called him " father,’’ and entrustting to him as

^ This bt tW fmoiui Klhiiii JiMn L^l €tf atih JahAn « rdgn.

88

KiiAN jahax (.oura ASCEsronsj.

before * the govemincnt of the Punjab placed its amirs and jagiidars under hw juriadicliou. Taking Dilawar Khiiii with him he (BAbar) returned to KiibuL When he (liHlNirj came a hccoikI time Into the Panjab with inUuit to ill rode HinduKtuii, JJaulat ]£jiau waited oa him, mid iibout the mime time died. Diluwar KhilJi wna honuiiitHl ivtth the title of Eliaiikhuiiin, and wua with Babur in the ijuttlf he had with Ibrahiiji. In the tiaiiie way he wua peniiaueiitly in u-aiting on the late kinrr IIumAyum In the jif J^gir. at the time of Jiw (HuiniiyQn e) retiini frmii Bengal, he fought bnirely against ghlr Kbilu Afghan, and was made priwmer on the field of battle. Although .^ir Kbun urged him to Uke service wnth him, he refuiwd and Jtaid, " Thy ancestors were ulwaya the HorvaiitH of mine: how, then, could I do this t " ghir Khan was eiiraged. and ordered him to be shot up in a wall.*

•Umar lilian, the gmudfather of i^lahat Khan Farzand who was coHsb of Uilflwar KbAn. had been treated ^rith ^•(pi-ct m the time of Salim Khan. AfU-r Salim Khftn’s death and the slaughter of Firfiz, hia son, at the Jiand of Muhamuiod KhAn. -Umar Khan and his brethren became suapjcio^ of Sluhniamad Kban and went to Gujarat, where mar Khan died. Dnulat Khan, his son, who was n bmvc young man of pleaeant appearance, and good at all things clic«c the companionship of -Abdu-r-Rabim. son of Baintm’ ^n, who liotl been dignified with the title of Kliiu- _iAnan m the reign of Akbar, and perfoniiod excellent service. The KhankliAnan regarded him as his own brother, or oven a thousand times better than his brother, and

iT”.. ‘•!«■»!«» wore corned

l>iiu(rtt Klmno valour and litanliiieoa* Wlwu my

• T^lct^ ha ^loitrar.

“ J-e, built him ii|i in. ft,

“I - BU U,. KJOnUottOa,

KHAN JXnKm iJOlih

rssvered father, linving the praviiide of Khunclesh

ttiid the fort of Aftir, iMtiinwtri to A^m, hv left D^niyAl Ln charge of tliat province find of all the pravinecH actjuiivd fmiii the rulem of the Decttiri„ At this time Danij’al had Bepni-uted Diiulat Khnn from the Khaiil^rimlii, and wm keeping him in attenduiice on luinself and JiiiEidiug over to him forduspowil all the brnfineas of the StatOr He allowed him much favour and perfect afTectfon until he died in hia Her vim He left two one Mub^unmad Khnn, mid the other Fir EQuiii; Mub^mniud ^haEi> who wa;# the elder* died a nhort time after his fiUhcT* Daniyah too, wore himself out with drinking. After my aeeessiuu I summoned Fir Kian to Court As 1 discovqrt’d in liirn a gowi clbiiOHition and natural abilLtiea^ I mitied the pedeatal of regard for him to the point that has been descrihecL To-day there ia not iki ui}” ffovemmeiit any person of greater induenee than he, so much so that on his representation I piss over faults which are not pattloned at the intcroessiou of any of the other st^rvants of the €?onrt. In short, he is a young man of gotnl dispotfitioiu buive, and worthy of favour, and what I have done for him has been done rightly* and he will be exalted b}" further favours,^

As I hml made up my exalted mind to the conqueiit of Mawanla-n-iiahr (Transoxlana), which was the hersMlitiiryi kingdom of my aiicf»tors, I desired to free the face ofl Hindustati from the ruhhish of the factious and rebclIioust[ and leat-ing one of my sons in that countiy^ to go rn^’seif with a valiant army in due array, with elephants of mountainous dignity and of lightning apeinip and ticking ample treasure with me* to undertake the conqnest of my ancestral dominions^ In accordance with thb idea,

I despatched Farwiz to drive back the Kana, and intended to go myself to the DeocaUn when just at that moineui the

^ I>iinD^ Lodi from Court* ww

iJOTfniHl* uid killed.

90

^ROrOii£n ESPlDmOX to TBASSOXIAXA.

improper octioti of TQiUKrnu took plscor ftnd it bccaiuo neceitsary to pursue liitn and put an end to that disturbance. For the aatiie reason, the undetiaking of Partrlz did not lu^umr A proniisiug appeamncCn and regattiiiij^ the exigency of the time lie gaco a respite to the Raiiii, Bringing with him One of tJie Rona’a sons, he came to wait on me, and had the bliss of attending me in Lahore. Wlien I was at ei^ about IQiusrau’s disturlinnce, mid the repulse of the Qusilliaahes, who liad invested Qandahar, had been brought About in A facile way, it came into my mind to iiiake o hunting tour to Kabul, wliich is like my native land. jVfter that I would return to Hindustan, when the purposes of my mind would pass from design to action. In puniuAnce of these steps, on the 7th Zi-Lbiija, at mi auspicious hour. I left the fort of Lahore and took up my (juarters in tlie Dll-amia Garden, which ia on the other side of the Ra%i, and stayed there four days. Sunday, the 19th Farwaidin, which is the cuhuination of His Majesty the Sun, I passed in the garden, and some of the iwrvmits of the Court were favourably and kindly honoured with increased rank. Ten thousand rupees were bi^wefl on Hoann Beg. the enioy of the ruler of Persia (Shall ‘Abhfis}. leaving Qilij Kiian. Jlirikn Sadr Jaiian, and Mir .Sharif Amiilt in Lahore. I ordered them to settle m consultation any matters that might present themselves. On Monday 1 marehed from the garden mentioned, and encamped at the village of Harhar, 3i kos distant from T t ^ Tuesday the ruyal fitandard» slij^htcd at

JatiAngirinlr, which is one of my lixed hunting-places. In this neighbourhood had been erected hy my order n munur at the head of the grave of an anteiope called -Matiaariij,* which was without e<inal in fights ivitli tame

PErhBi;, tba iwtciDp* * nanirt ™

wl^n thetowwluliMi Woultl |» ‘my anmlope Rij.’ See Elljot, Tu aw, uirl R,A.a MS., Xfc la*. '

ACCOirSTT or an antklope. '

antflopofi and in hnnting^ wild ones. Oii a fftdnfi of that nianar was earvtd thii+ pruaca compdedtioQi wTitten hy Mxillk Mul^iiiiiuid HtL-Mun of Ks^hinlr, who was the chief of the elegant writers of the day: “ lu this enchuntitig place an antelope came into the world-holding net of the God-knowing niler Nfini’d-dln Jahiiugir Padaliuh. In the spooe of one months ha%nng overcome lihi de^^rt lierceueas^ he became tlie head of the special antelopes/’ On account of the rare qtiality of Ihitt antelope, 1 coimnatided that no person ahonid hunt the deer of tliis plain, and that their flesh sliouJd be to Hindus and Muhanunadans m in the fiesh of cowa and pigs. They made the gra vestone in the shape of an antelope. I ordered Sikatidar ifu^in, the jagirdar of the aforesaid pargaiuip to build a strong fort in the village of Jahangirpur.

(0u Tliuraday, the Uth, I encamp ed in the pargana of Chandala^ Thence on Saturda}", the Kith, making one stage in the middle, I came to liad^bdd.^ I stayed in the station wldeh Imd been erected by the exertions of the A-amrf of that placep ^lir Qiyoiuii^-d^u^ Having rcachiNi the Chenab in tivo marchsjs on Thursday, the Slst Zl-l-bujA« I crossed the river by a bridge which had been built tbere+ and my caTiip was pitched in the neighbourhood of the pwirgatia of GujraL At the time when His Mejestt’’ Aklmr went to Kashmir, a fort hod been built on that bank of the river. Having brought to this fort a body of Gujars who }ind [lassed their time in the neighbourhood in. thieving and highway robbeij’p he established them here. Ab it had become the abode of OujarSp ho made it a separate pargana, and gave it the name of Gnjrat. Tliey call GuJarH a caste which does little manual work and subeisLa on milk and curds. On Friday I pitched at Klmwtwpfir. Hve kos from Gojrat, founded by Khawa^

^ Perliajiff thi JiuulijUa at tha InUJan trUtiUMT, vU, I37ii

’ Indian C^OlUiiMr^ Vp ^0.

92

ACW)U?fT OF rilJ? JIJKN.4V«

l£hAii, a Hlave of Sh!r Afjchan. Tht’nte, with two

IiiilU in the niiddle. I pitched on the bink of the Bihat (Jiielntii). On thnt night a wind blow and a block

cloud hid the face of the sky, Tlie ruin iras of unch nubtice that old ideu renicinberod none ouch. It turned to hail, and every biilatone mou the uize of a heu’ji egg. From the flooding of tlie river and the foi-co of the wind and rain, the bridge broke. I. with the ininatc^ . of the Iiarem, crossed in a boat, Aa there were few lioats.

I ordered tiie men not * to croaa in these, but to rebuild the bridge. It Hnished in a week, aiul the whole army crossed a’ith eaae^^J^l^ source of the Bihat is a spring iiiA ivaslunir called ftie v ir-uag j in the language of India 1 a anaktf is vlr-ntiff. Clearly there had been a large snake at tlittt place. I went twice to the spring in inv futhcr’s ij lifetime ; it is 20 km from the city of Knahmir’ It is an | tKtagoiml peservoir about 20 y^irda by 20. Xeur it are the remain.^ of a place of worship for reelusies; wll.s cut out of the rock and nmoerous caves. The water is f excee^ugly pure. Although I could not guess its depth, ’ A grain of poppy-seed is visible until it touches the bottom. I’here were uittny fish to be seed in jt As I had heard that it a-as unfathoiuable, I ordered them to throw in a cord with a Htone attached, and when this cord was jiieasiircd in gaz it becaine evident that the depth wjis not more thiui once and a half the height of a man. After my acceasioii I ordered them to build the sides of the spring round with stone, and they made a garden round it with a canal; and built liall.H and hcmaisa about it, and made a place such that travellcPH orer the world can point out few like it Ulien the river reaches the .dllage of Pampar, at a distance of i ton koH from the city. It increasoa, and all the satfrou of j Kashiiiir is obtained iii this village. I do not know if / there la so much Hadron in any other place in the world. |

^ T^X-t Diiiii4 the

SAFFHON cultivation:

m

The ajinua] crop ifi 500 ]nni,iii(1^ by HindubiJiD weight, to 5,000 tvildyaf (Peraina) iDtttindn. In att^siidunc* on my revered father^ I went to thia plane ttt the nc^aaou when the i^tfron W!is m flower* On other plmits of the world, hrst the hrunchea (Ktema) ehoot out and then the leaver and flowers On the contrary^ when the sailfron | steni is four tingera brtsudth from tJie dry ground, its flowers Khoot out, of the ooJour of tlie iriUp^ wnth four {>etaLsp and in the middle are four threads (rt^d) of aii orange colour like that of the fluwerp and of tlie length of a huger-joiut. This is tlio saffron. The land is not ploughed * or irrigated^ the plant springs up amongst the clods. In some placi^ its cultivation extends for a km, and in others for lialf a koa. It looks betk*r from a distance. At the time of pluckingp all my attendants g^>t headache from its sharp Bcent. Though I drank wine and took a cup, I too got headache. I asked the aninuiL-like Kashmiris, lyho were employed in picking the flowcrH, how they felt I a^crtainccl^^that they had never experienced headache in their live#.

The waters from tho spring Vir-nftg and of other streams and nulhdis that join from right and left form the river Bihat, which pimscs through the heart of the city. Ito Ijreadth in most places is not more than a bowshot* No one drinks its water, because of its heaviness and indigestihility^ Ail the people of Kashmir drink the water of a lake that is near the city* anil is called Dali Tlie river Bihat enters this lake and flows through to the Panjah hy the BtinVmula Pass, Pakli. and Dantur.

• Tost, mUmaI ; ■.|?|nneti% a liltiis irta

^ Tho tiSit hMS iAumilr WitiSgly fer ^i>lrp mmi it mxUm that tho CMjgmLivo of tbn t«t i* wrwig’. line® it dna nort oew in tlw AbaMstl givwi tbei DiimW ckl poLAls mad Htoidimfl otor® {TornetJy ihan Jjkhan^r

• MtUtka ; perbsp ’ tbo eiAt af m

XArXD-L-‘IlJlDi.V, Kixa OF FA 9 FIMTR.

In Ktitihiuir then! U plenty of water fnjm strentos (iiitl springH, By fur the best is that of the Ijlr valley, which joins the Billet in tlie village of .^iliabu-d-dfn-pur. This village is one of the celebrated places of fCoshmir, and is on the Biliat, Abaiit n hundred plane-trees (e/tu-odv) of graceful form cluHt’ered ^ togethor on one plot of ground, pleasant and green, join each other so as to shade the wJiole plot, (ind the whole surface of the gnound is gnisa. aud trefoil ; so much so that to loy a carpet on it would be supertluouN and in bad toirte. The village was founded by Sultan ^imi-i-‘abidln, who for 52 years ruled Kaslinvir flidth absolute sway. They .speok of him as the grout Pddahak They tail uiany stnmge ciiatonis of his. There are many remaina and traces of buildinga of his in Kashmir, One of these is in the midst of a lake called W ulur, and of which the length and breadth are more tliaii three or four kos. It is called Zaindankii, and in uinkiug it they linve exerted tlieuiselves greatlj. The springs of this lake are very deep. The first time they brought a large quantity of stone in boats and poured it on the place where now the building stands it had no result At lost they sank some thonsands of boats with stones, and with great labour recovered a piece of ground loo goz by 100 gBz out of the ivator. And nmdo a terrace, and on one side thereof the Snltati erected a temple for the worship of his supreme Ckid. Than this there is no finer place» He often came to the spot by boat and engaged in worship of the King of Wisdom. They any he spent many *’ forty daj-s " in tlint place. One day a wicked !Min of hi.s came to that place to kill him, and finding him alone, drew a sword and went tin When his eye fell on the Sultan,

■ Ul. ■ hiTB jflJiieii himctii, '

^nt ihrsrcMtmgjBTOwdoabtliil; pcrhaiakis,fr-,‘A*,^,

“f say* ll»i m Uy a cwiiet qs ihe griMS wouWW

M-danfl, luiteelinsu uiuiytnpUJiatw. and him talTgnirl,

• Tht’ text |)A« tu^ Jily, but Uw true reaiiing M>eiits t« be lUf/lftnr,

KAIXU-L-^XBIDJX, KlKi^ OF KASHMIR, Wj

howeverp cm account of hli* venerable dignity and th*? might of Ilia virtiie&p ho boccune confii.wl and bowi Idem! and turned away. The Stihao shortly after came out am! seated hitnaolf in the Ixwit with this i^rno son, and sUrtitd for the city^ On the way he ftjitd to liiM eon, “ I Jiave forgotten iiiy rosary ; get into a canoe and fetch it for me," The son liaving gone into the temple sees hia father in the same pliice^ and the gniceics^ leian with complete shame of face Falls at his fatlierV feet and asks pardon for hia fault Tliey have told many tales of auch mi nicies as this of him, and they say also that he liad well practised the science of When, froin

the and methods of his sons, he perceived in

them signs of haste in seeking for rule and government, he would say to them, " To me it b very easy to abandon rule, auil even to pass away from life, but when I am gone you will do nothing, and the time of your prosi>erity will not endure long, but in a short time you will obtain tlie recompense of your evil deeds and your own dispositions.*’ Having spoken thus, he gave up eating and drinkings and jjassed forty days in this manner. He made ngt his eye acquaiideil with sleep, aud employed liiiusoif after the iinmner of nicn of piety and austerity in the worship of God Almighty. On the fortieth da}- he gave up the deposit of his existence, and entered into the mercy of C,*od, He left three sons—Aduni Iihftn, Haji Khan, and Bahnliri They quarrelled with each other, and all three were ruined. The government of Kashmir was tmnsfemHt to the tribe of the Chaka, who belonged to the class of the common soldiers of the coiintryi During their d^Tiasty three of the rulers eonstmeteil bmldlngs on tluree sides of the terrace fonaed by Kamu-b-abidin in the Wuhir Ltikiv hut none of these is os strong as hb^

1 cf thv mul from the hoHy '

(HViklne).

AC€OUNt OF THE FA.VJAli R0HTA8.

P6

Aotainii iind Spriti^ in KaHhmir fire things to be

fwen. I witne^^d the Auto in n season p iitid it uppeared til me to be better than what I hini heard qf it, I have nearer seen +5prin^? in that pmvincts, but hope to do so some day. On Saturrky the 1st of MciharrTi.m (18th Apnl, IS^07) I left bank of the Bihat, and with one day between reiicht*d fort of Rohtaa^ which was built by Shir Khan AfghaiL^^l’fib fort was founded in fi cleft of the ground p and the strength of it cannot be irnagined. Ah the place ia near the Gliakhar t^mUyry, and they are a prt3iid and rehiillious people^ he hod looked to this fort specially m a iiieanH of punishing and defeating them. Whcti a little of the building had been done Shfr KJban died and hia mn, Salim Khan, obtained the grfioo to complete it On each of the gates ^ they have carved on a firtone tho cost of erecting the fort; Id krora, 10 lakhs of danw, and iiions wen; expendedp equal in Hindustan reckoning to 4,025,000 rupees, and according to the currency of Iran to 120,000 and in the cairency of Tumn to I arb, 21 J&khs and 75,000 hrAdni. that are now current-^

On Tuesday the 4tb of the nionth^ having traveUed four kos and tliree-quarterfl, I encampKd at Tib.* Thence I Oftuie down to the ^^llage of Bhakra. In the Ghakhar

^ 3di m text, but tbe MS3. And Elliot, vi, 0517^ h&vn, **aji one ol tbp

gwtiSp,"

• The flgu™ awm wrm^, aikI th# differ. Bw EUi«ii^ t|, SOT. Apiurvutiy thJ cdrrwt in Tup^ iji 34 laithH ^3,000. At jj. 01 thfl kluuii of Tifmn Is rwkon:*! At one tliinl of a ra\im. If the dam Im mhen HL LEA ordimwy value of dnodortiolh oi a rupee, llm nujs^bi^r of nhwild he 40 Ukh» StSpfflXI, aiid if khuii of Tumo be

thin:l of Jft rti|Kw ahouhi tmul one kror iiuntfail of One arh. rrobahly JuMiiiflr hiu 11 ^ arb lu rnmnlng kror. emd not 100 krorn. Thoru. ia a mJoablfl note cm hin expedition tbrengli the OhakkDLT country tn Blochmann, p 4SS. Blochmnnn take?* tho tignren far the nzpeee lo be four trora, hut prahahiy thb dcie to vrroag pointing.

■ Tho MS9. ukI text bfiv* Tihi or Plla. 1 datrt. from BlochmanUp \ 4 a 7 p noE^ Elliot hoH TiUab, vi, 307 p and notft.

THE DUAKKaR COyXTKY.

07

‘j torijfijt is it Jangle. The jungle wns iiipufli,«d of

cluKtens of Howetti, white and ecentlesa. I came the whole way from Tiln to Bhakm in the middle of the river-bed * which h<ul running water in it, wdtli oIwUKlrr flowerti of ^ colour of peitch-bloisHoiii. Jn Hiiidimtan thia plant

I Ik in fttll bloom (ThetiL* wjlk much o£

it on the banka of this river. TJio horsemen and men / j on foot who were with me were told to put huuchea <jf the

slower (HI their lienda, and wheHhver did not (h> so hail hia ‘r I turban taken off? n woudorful flower-lKd was produced,

h Tliuraday the «th of the month the linItiiig-pJaoe

was lit Hnt3’a. On this road many pains-trce«! (Hufeti

/poniSasfil were in blua^m. TJiis flower, too, ia jM<culiiir to

, [ the jungles of Hindustan ; it has no scent, lint its colour is

darning orange. The base of tlie Bower is block; the

r dower itself la os big as a red rose. It ia m beautiful that

one canuot take one’s ej-es off iL As the air was very sweet and clouds had hidden tlie sun, and rain was gently p, spiinklial about, I felt an inclinatiou to drink wine. In

I slmrt tliis irwl was travemd ndth great cnjo^‘iuent and

pleasure. The}* call the place Hatyu because it wan founded by a Qhakkar mimed Hiitbi {c](ipbant)>, Tfom Sfargaln to Hatj’a the country is called PotliQwfir.* Li these regions there ore few crows. From Hohtas to Hat 3 ‘H is the place and abode of the Bhugj-ftls,* who are related to and of the same ancestry ns the (jhakkiiis, Slarcliiiig on Friday the 7t1i. I travelled ko» and alighted at the stiitioti of Pakto,* This phice. is called

• in IVilbon’ii aonniiit of J.A.S,B. fm S«, tAotAni

i% gi ven 4# the imt™? af a i:T»|ding jjUhfc (vjii mypu).

• s tSufl, 4UWc11ng tn Blochmcmn, fjqouliJ be U^D ritfir

Kotuun l?Gi£ig « faf Kikhiui, Sw p. 4 h 7 But nil

the httve Rfi.

■ Bofl Elliot, vip hOto.

• Bilgjnlif ■ Elliot, 3041, nn fla^enMiAnte qf Salj^in BilgiL

• In hmntiujSffatl in TiofoTLtluilerp 1J.I*

7

XHK qujlkkau co^^TilV.

P^kkii iHJcaiiL^o ihv i» of burnt brick, und m ili^

Hindi Irtiiyiuige wlirtt h ripo (thiit is, not riiw infttmal) m culted jiaHtf. The statioii wiui fltmiigely full of dusit and e 4 irtlu Hic earths reached it with ^reat dltficitlty owin^ to tlie JxidncJKJ of the road- Thej’^ Lad brought fmni Kabul to tliie place rltvaj (rliiibarb), which wan iDDMtIy (jpoiicd.

On Saturday tlie 8th wc n^arched ^ koH and encamped at tho village of Khar.^ Khitr iu the Ghakkar language ie a rent and breakage. There are few trees in tiilft country. On Sunday the iJtli I halted beyond RawalpindL This place was founded by a Hindu named Ri^wal, and

in the Ghakkar tongue meaiia a village. In the valley tiear this station there was a Htreaiii flowingp the watorH qf which were collected in a pool. An this baiting- pLwre was not devoid of fresbnesf? I alighted thero for a time, and I asked the Ghakkars the depth of the pool. Tliey gave me no precise answer, but said they bad heard from their fathers that there were alligntora in the pool which wounded animals that came there, and on tliat account no one had the boldiie?ts to go in, I ordered them to tiirow in a eheep. It swam acro^ tlie pool and camq out, I then ordered a farm^ to go id, and he also came out safe. It thus becajne clear that there was no foundation for what the Ghakkars had said. The pool was an arrow’s flight in width.

On Monday the 10th the village of mmrhiiza® was our stage. The Ghakkars in earlier times liad built a dome here and taken tolls from tra^^eliera. As the dome was shaped Like a melon it became known by that name. On Tuesday the 11th I haltod at Kala-pani, ivhich in Hindi means block water. Tliere is a mountain pn^ns (kutai) at this place called Margalla; in Hlmli unir uiemis

^ Khor; EUia4 30fl aat^ ISimtt the .WatiikyAk tojw.

• KhorLaUi Sarmy is marked on Klfiyuatcno’ei tiittp.

ADC0t7\T af HAiSAH’ ABDIL,

99

to licat and galia is a caravan, thp nauio thcrcfoco in^tuia the place of the plqndcring of the cnravm The houndai^’ of the Ohflkfcar country ia liere. Thw tribe are woodcr. fully like aiiitmvla; they are aJwnj’s squabbling atid fighting ivitb Olio another. AUhcingh I wished to put an end to this figliting, I mis uiinbio to do lioi,

Th« «Hil of foc^ In t|«nnii!d t tnHibk,"

On \S edne.sday the 1 1th the catiip woh at BtlhA. fJiLsan AbrIaL One kos to the east of this hiation there is « waterfall over u’liich the stream rusliea with great foree. There is no fall like it on the way to KnhuL On the road to Kashmir there aru two or three like it,*

In the middle of the basin, in which la the source of the atreaui. Raja 3Ian Singh has erected a small building. There are many hdi in the basin of the length of half A gius and a quarter gaji. I halted three days at this enchanting place, drinking wine with those who were intimate with mo and einpio>ring tnyrelf in catching fish. Until now I had never threw’n a m/m net, which is a famous kind of not, and which in Hindi they call blianwar* ^Oi. It is nnt easy to throw, I throw it with my own hand and caught twelve fiab. and putting pearls into their noses,’ let them loose in the water. I enquired

• Mr. Rag)»m hna ** The mxil of tba fool ttMU cunat pturchSM far littto.’* rert^lN iho senrie ia “fioil {rnnls Ufs to Ul» fool on hud term*." EraW )»» “Tti Mm> s fiwl » hud Jiidiiol ■ fOnnbly the )it«rel menning u “Yon huy the Miql of tbs fool t > hi^h ftriDO,* tbalii, it e»t4 e ]^l deel to win htea Omr. Elliot had what {« firollablr the txat reiKleriti^, “Bulmreiu dunicten skoiiti be trentnl with Bevorftv”* tbough IP Elliot, Ti, 310, tbfl traiv^hilian iii, ■’ The life of fool* la hrU Very cheap In trotihlaaa titnoi."

• _Al)|iuEntly thin rsnurlc murt have been written after dahiiizlr’e twit to Kuihniir by the Biiniiniala mate in the fourteentb yonr.

■ AAnNMir, ui Mr, Uwn hu painted Ont. nwuu in tiindi an eddvoF iirhiri|woL

‘ Willlua Fineh any* that ai Ka«n AlalAl there wera many fiab wilA gold nog* m their no«e» hna* by AhW, ami that the water fa ao clear that you may mm a penny ia the bottom. Jahangfr’e i»fomiaaI« ware

m

ACCOUNT OF HASAN ABDAJL

into tins 8tory of Bilba H«u^n from the Mtory-tollers and from the uihdbitaut^ of the pluei^ hut no one could telJ irio any pArticuIars, Tliu celebrated place at that station m a srpring which Howb from the foot of a little liilh exceedingly cleai, nwmt, and tuce, m witne».^i this couplet of Amir ^—

** In tho hottoni uf tbo frcTO ita elDKme^, n btiiul inan

cdcmE the SdW^-giminrt in ilia heart of the nfght,

Khwiljn Sluuiisu-d-<lln MuljansnsiKl IQiwrifl, wlio woh for Joiijf employed a& Vizier by my rcrered fntlier, Imd mutlo a platfonii and ik rt’siervoir there, into which is led tlio water from the spring, and thenoe is used in cultivation and in pirdens. On the edge of this terraoe ho had built a dome for ids oikTi hurial. By chance his destiny wim not there, and (the bodies of) HakEni Abad-fath Gilanl ftiid his brother llakiui ffumani. who Vrcnj clone to tile person and had tlie complete confidence of my revered father, were placed in that dome in Hccordaiieo with liis onfer.

On the loth the halt waa at AjiirohLl" It is a wonder¬ fully pieen place, in which uo nps and doinut were visible.

this village iind ita neighbourhood there are 7,000 or b.OOO households of Khatura and IlalAieftkrt. All kinds of mischief and oppresdioii and highway robbery take place tlirough this tribe. I ordered the government of this region and Attoek to be given to ^fnr Khan, son of Zain Khan Koka, and tliat by the time of tlio rtiturn of the royal standards from Kainil they should march all tho lialiizaka to Lihorc and capture the iiend men of the Khaturs and keep tliem in prison.

ApjMtrtndy nrt VEnwl in fiil* (,(jubu, Atdil in «iuMr«nUy

Bhaiari. nnd ui bnriwl st ■ j ’^•rnrtt’s tnmsluion of the A vln, ii, atil ante,

tlw J4i« wUh their Baha Kinalt. It la not a wife rf Akh« Who 1 * bantd at lln,*n Abrtnl, but llnVi« Al.C-I-litl. end Ua urdtoor^

’ Elliot has Anardi, hut the MfJS. hitvo Amrohl, liBiif AhrCX 8co Hloehmuisn* |x 5*22.

Tlie ^[EL’ftffiTp ii, Tiw,

ARRIVAL AT ATTOCK.

101

Oil Monday, the I7th, a inarcli was made, and, with one Hta^ in between, the royal standards alighted near the fort of Attock on the bank of the river Nilab (Indus). At this stage Jlahitbat Kb<‘ui wai; promoted to the rank of 2,500. This fort was huilt by the late king Akhar, and a’os coiitpictcd bj’ the labours of Khwilja t^hai]isu-ddln Kli’vafL It is a strong fort^ At this time the water of the Ts’ilAb was low, and accordingly a bridge liad Ix’en made with eighteen boots, and tiio people crossed over cosily. I left tlip Amlru-l-uiiiArH at Attock on account of weakness of body and illness. An order was given to the bukliahis that, as the province of Kabul could not support ii largo army, they should only allow the immediate attendants of the Court to cross the river, and until the return of tlie royaJ standards the royal camp should remain at Attock. On Wednesday, the I Wth, with the princes and some of the private servants, having mounted on to a raft (with inflated skins underneath), and liaving crossed the river Silab safely, I alighted ou the Unk of the river Kama, The Kama is a river that flows by the qtt^ba (fortified town) of JalAlAlmd, Tlie jata is a stnicturv they make of bauibooa and grass and plnct.‘ nnderueath it skuia full of air. In this pra%-jnce they call tliem sAdf (or sdf). In rivers and streams in wlileh there are rocks they are safer than boata. 13,000 rupees were given to Jlir Sharif AinulT and to a nuitiber of men, who had betm appointed to perform serrices at Lahore, to divide amongst the fa^jira. An order was given to’ Aljdu-r-Razzaq Ma’inOri * and to Biliari Das, baklishi of the .\hadis, to coin]dete the force that hod been ajipointed

• ,fi /nrtit rfisefii, thv Eimuiinj; Is Mnclly the

ei^Kistte, vIl ’ luH ueme tiown jti v(Dk>iu». * Bqi If m, cciilii m bridge hsi’u Wd ramie, anl iritb eigblMe boeUif Tl» tiiiie e i.# ibe -Rti (W JDth itay* £]Ui:>i Iw •* tKc XlUh wa* fttIL”

“ AwonLlnj^ th* >lfi’^iru-1-anuu4, H*, U 4 in

Arabia.

102

AkRIVAL AT PiiiSHAWAll.

to ikcci^mpaiiy iliifar KJiiku hnd ftDtid them awny. With one stage iii bet ween, the eauip halted at tbe mmy ol Bam, tl^o the other side of the river Kiliiia there is a fort which Xaln Khan Koka built at the time when he was ap{}ointed to subjugate the Yftaufza^e Afghans^ and ealled Xaushahr (Xawcaatle), About 50,000 rupees were speait tipgii it^ They say that Huaiitynu used to hunt rhirioceros in tliia region. I also heard from iiiy father that he had twice or thrice witnessed sueh a hunt in the company of his fatlier. On Thursday, the 25thp I alighted at the saray of Daulaiabad. Ahmad Beg of Kabuh jagirdar of Peshawar, with the Maliks of the Ynsuf^a’cs and the Qhoriya-khelp came and wailted on me- As the service of Ahmad Beg was not approved, I transferred Inia from that territory (wilftyat) and conferred it on Shir Khan, the Afghan. Dn Wednesday, the SOthp I encAmptd in tlie garden of Sardar Kh^ih which he liad made in the ncigb- bonrhoud of Peshawar^ I walked round Ghorkhatri, wliieh in the W’onshipping’ploct^ of the jogis in this neighbourhood, with the idea that 1 might see some fafjtrs from OASOCiatioii with whom I might obtain grace. But that was like looking for the phoenix ^or the philosopher a stone. A herd without any rcligiouH knowledge came to my viewv from seeing whom I derived nothing but obscurity of mind. On Tluirsday, the 27tli. I arrived at the halting-place of Janirud, and on Friday, 28th, at the Kiialbar Kotal (Khyber Foass) and encamped at^Ali ][uajid, and on Saturday 1 traversed the tortnuiia (mdrpiek, i.e. snake-twisting) Pass, and alighted at Glmrib-khana. At this* stage Abh-l-qaaim Kamaklu^ Jagintlar of dalalalmd, brought an apricot, whicli wbs not inferior in beauty to good Kaslimir apricots. At the stage of Daka they brought from Kabul (cherries), w’hich my revert-HJ fatlier hail cjftitled As 1 was much inclined to eat them,

tDOsmuch as I had not (hitherto i^) ohtainecl thenn I at« them with grtat ^est m A relish to wine. On TuetKlay,

At^POlSraENT OF AfAF KllAN, 103

2nd Safftr^ I cnmtiiped at BiijuIwilI, which h on the bank of the liver. On the other side of the river there is n mountain which has no trees or on it, and on that accourLt

they call this mountain the hilJ of Bidjiulat (unfortmiatc^

1 iieard from iny father that in mountains like this tliere are mines !?f gold. On the inountaln of Ala BCighan, at the time when my revered father went to Kahnh I had had a qamar^Hl^ hunt, and kilkd several ^ red deer. As 1 hail handed over the administration of all ci\nJ afrairfif; to the Amim-l-iiiDara, and liis illne^ increased greatlyJ and forgetfnliim came over his faculties to such an I extent that what tvjus settled in one hour he forgot in the next, And Ins forgetfulnesH was increasing day by ilaj^ on Wednesdfty,i the ^rd J^afar, I entrusted the duties of the vbEiership to Khan, presenting him with j

a special robe of hononr, and inkstand and a jewelled pen. It was a remarkable coineidenec that twenty-eight years previously to this, at the same halting-place^ my revered father had promoted him* to the rank of Idir Bakh-^i (chief payniasterji A ruby wJiich his brother* Aba-l-qilaim had bought for 40,000 rupees and scat him, he presented as an offering on obtaining the viKiership. Ho potitioned that Khwaja AbCi-l-hn^u, who held the offict’S of lhakhslii and the Qttr, etc., might go wnth liim. Jalalabad vvjih traiisfeirefl from Abu-bqasim Namakln to \Arab Oau. a white rock was present in the river-betij I ordered them to carve it in the fonii of an ek-plLant

• TEip havs iod iiwteauJ of •rAujKi’, La IW.

• T7ii.4 KliAu w QiivAmis-1^-dla BcfE Euvd ifao Hi df

Bli^liinajia^ p. 411. Arfmnmtly his ajLifTOinttnimt imi- ^Ur BniUir^ Eikiuie in aSfi (lASlL In yoiLr Akbor want ta KabuU Hloi*liraiknn

»yji A^if Kb^i made Mir BakhAhi in tbs rdoni of and wo

fiiid at |i. 37^ of A.N., Hi, ibal ‘All Bokh^hi wan AppainUd in tluit jTOar io the ty “eight ytiurfl htfm KU6 (tO’ the tiegimiing

af s-hicih .Tahiirgir i» fefi?rfirig} yiebN BhaSwaI In PH right bank

of KAbnl Biter JwJciw JoltLlAltid.

^ Text firtislir hut thr M HB. halt^ fil^p Lo. dandng-gfrL

PX^‘ISKMEST OF KALYA X*

aiifj cut upon iU hn?flflt ilih hoinbtidi, whicii mtli

tins ilBbih of tlio Hijra yi^art " Tlie white stone deplinnt of JaMti^ir PudKliiili " thnt Ih,

On the euuDc day Kalym, son of Raja Biknininjlt, canie from CSiijftmt. CertfiiD extraordinaiy procee«diii^ on tin? part of tliiK rebellion]? iwcaJ had been iisported U> mi\ Aiiioiii^t tlu’AC vfm tills. He had kept a MusuliJiAu luli woJinxn in In’s liuu^, anti for fear thirt affair :?honld become kijo^m had killed her father and luother and buried them in hh hou^e. I ordered that he slionld be iinprisoned until I could enquire into hb proceedings, and after iiscertivining the truth I oi-dened rinst that they ahould cut out his tongue and place him in ]>erpetiia| oonlineiiient, and that he should eat hia food with dog-keejjen? and outcasts. On WedtK^iay I eneain[Kid at Surlj^ab, Theiiee 1 alighted at Jagdalak^ At this stage I saw many bnUill trees (oak or cheat nut), which nm the bust wfxxl for burning, A)tln.»ugh this stage had neither pusses nor dcclivith,^ there were plenty of rocks. On Frida 3 “, the 12th, I encamped at Ab-i-Urlb, and Saturdaiy, the i:kh. at Yurt-i~i>«dKbnh, On Sunday*, the 14th, I alighted ot lihurd Kabul (little Kabnl), At this atnge I entnisted the Chief Justicesliip and Qaziship of the city of Kabul to Qazi Arif, Hon of Mulla i^iq Halwnt 111 ey brought ssouie ripe (cherries) from the village of GiiUiahar

to this place; of these I ute with much enjoyment nearlv a hundred, DauJatr the head of the village of Jlgri = (?X brought some uneoiuinon Howeia. such ru? I had never seen in my lif& Thence 1 alighted at BiknlmL At thin place the}” brought to show me a piebald* iLnimal, like the rt^nng fi,e, juiuping) mouse, which in the Hindi longue they call, 7 (rhiAf-r (^luirrel). and said that mice would not

^ t-vnemlljr upelt cither the oak or the ch^toaL CL ErjikingV

14=1% Sir Burner tbo Mf^il ih^ ln>llj,

• Sm helow, I*, /a, wha^ tlw JTn ru or iieiulmiui of ChUtrt i* ni{iiUioi;iftfL ■ Cfr Knikiau”!! Bnlnr, jm 143,

NOTICE OF rm SON OF ABl -L-FA^D. 105

fn^ueiit any house in which tiiibt onhiial was. On thin account they call this animal the inoaiter of mice. As I luLcI nov-er one liefore, 1 ortJei^’d luy painters to draw a Ukenesa of it. It b larger than a inniigqqac. On the whole it b vi?iy like a civet cait Having appointed Ahinad Beg ty>iin to punish the Afghans of Bangafih, I ordered ‘Abdu-r-RiiKatiii Ma’iuuri, who -wm in Attock, to take 2^000,000 rupees under the charge of Molian son of Baja Bikniinajit» with hiin, and

diride it among the auxiliaries of tlic aforesaid artiiy. One ihoiLstiiid musketeers were also ordefed to aeeQin|Muiy this army.

«^aikh “Ahdn-r-RahniHn, son of gluiJkh A bud-fa?!^ pTOiuoted to the rank of 2,000 personal and 1,500 horse, and obtained the title of Afwil lihfuL 15,000 were presented to ^Arab 5J^ir and 20,000 rupees’ more for the repair of the fort of Pe^ BuMgh.^ 1 besiowed Sarkar Kb^^i^pOr^ in Hef on Dibwar KJian Afghan. On Thursday, the I7th, from the ^t^l^^taIl bridge a« ffkr na the ?^ahr-ara garden, which was the enmiuping pbee for the royal standards, Hcatteriiig rupe^ts, Ilalf-rupees, and quarter^rupees to faqini and iudigiuit per?^>na on both sides of the road, 1 entered the aforesjdd gardem It appcai’ed to he ver^^ grt>en ami fresh. As it wiia a Tliursday I gave a w^lntj eutertainment to my intiinates, mid on Account of hilarity and excitement ordered those who w’en? of eijual age to nijnelf and had been inj playfellows to jump over the atream that llowed through the middle of the ganlen and was about four giue in widtlu of them eoulcl not jump U, and fell on the

liauk or into tJio stream. Althougli I jumped it, 3’et ntuv that I woa 40 yc^am of Agi; I could not jump it w ith the

1 Thff flirt fif Vs^h Hul^ \b in tho thirtl voXmma Cif tha

AklMr-ni 1 ^U 4 jj. 51-2. U ia nuxktid flPi tbo mail M Aftfluinuyiii Vietiretn Dnkii n4vl JalfiJAb&tl.

“ Sk in texif hui nhould tw Jnuniritr n* m iTie MSS-

10 &

ACCOirST OF GAkDHXS IX KaJICL.

Activity tliftt I IumI shown in tbe phjst’iics; of my reverieJ £ut)ier when 1 wflA 30. Oa thiH day I pcmiiibulated seven of tlte fAiiiuus putlens of KaIjuI. I do not think that I ever walked w far before*

First of oil I wjilktjd round tbe ^babr (cily- adoruin^), then the Mnhtnb (iiioonli|rbt) garden, then the garden that Bikii Begam, grandiaother of ray father, hod made, then paa^-d through the Urtn-hn^ (middle garden), tlien a garrlen that ^faryiuij-inakritii, 1113 * own grandraother, had preiMimi, then the S{liitit>l^aua garden, w’hich haa a large cAandr-tree, the like of which there is not in the other gardens of Kabul. Then, having seen the Chorbaglt, which is the Jargeat of the dty gardens, I returned to tny own abwle There were abundance of elierries on the trees, each of which looked as it were a round ruby, hanging like globes on the branches. Tlie ^ahr^rA garden wa,s uiade bj’ Sltahr-ii&nfi * Begain, daughter of Mirza Abfi Sa’id, wlio was own aunt to the late king Be bar. From time to ti nie it lias been addt><) to, and there is not a garden like it for sweetness in Knbul* It has all sorts of fruits and gmpes, and its softness Is sucli tliat to put one’s sandalled * feet 00 it would be far from propriet 3 ’ or good uianiiers. Iu the neighbourhood of tliis garden an escellent plot of land came to dew, which 1 Ordered to he liought from the oumers.

I ordered a stream that Howw from the lyuwisjM (ferry, also bleoctiing greea) to be diverted into the middle of the ground so that a garden might Iw made such that in beauty and sweetncMii there nhouJd not be in the inhabited world another like it. I gave it the name of .lahan*nnl (world-rtdomingi. Whilst I was at Kahul I hrtfi several entertainments hi the .Shahr-ara gardeti,

• ■niirre was bEkq a .^Jlahr-hi no wiu Balvir’A nistar. BlkB Bl^glua

WM Bd bar ^ whlovr «im 1 tlm bdir viw> cairiwl [ib Eo KnhuL

= which r.l>kinc * with jiUftpcn an * aucI Ellwri.

’ wiih hui c»ti.’

.vr EAUliL.

107

flonisstmies witK my intiiiiatcsg and wtirtiurs and Mmttiihffl with the ladies of the hiiieui. At nijjhts 1 ondered thu learned and the students of Kabul to hold the cooking eivtertainnieat,’ and the throwing of hughra,

together wU!i ar^iu^tak dances.

■ To each of the hand o£ Butthra’i^^dn 1 gave a drew of hoiionr, and also gave 1,000 rupees to divide iimongat themselves. To twelve of the trustworthy courtiers I ordered 12,000 rupeca to be given, to be l^estowcd every Tliursday, ns long os I was in Kabul, on the poor and needy. I gave an order that between two plane- trees that were on the canal hank in the middle of the garden—to one of which 1 had given the name of Farilh’’ iHikhfll! (joy-giver) and the other Sftya-hakhgi! (shade-

j^ver) — they should set up a piece of white atone (marble ?) one gaa; in length and three-quarters of a gas in breadth, and engrave iny name thereon (and those of iiiy ancestors) up to Timur* It was set forth on the other aide that 1 had done away with the whole of the customs dues and cliai^gea of Kabul, and wliiehever of my

^ BivaiM Biytt (lewftbHi Ha»a.vftn w holdimf ft eootinp fraitiirftl in Sm A.N., {. twnalfttinii, jj. 4W1, n- i

biiiihm, »hkili to l» mneftrani Tftfi tcit ™ ‘”7*

as (love-dflncwj, Tin wJ wmtl, « the MSS. ^ow. is

arnAu^hta^. Wliieh (ft ft kina Oftn™ (not m diiW* {iftmo tm «B Johawn). It w doBcritied in Vnllcru, s-r.. In ftoconiBKis with the ^ont ill Biirluia-i ‘Hiti*. Tt is ft dnnt* h>’ girln Or ycang men, ftml is ftccOHliained wlh nngin^ nnii with trf hnatls. etc. Pl^iahljr it is the iiftn«

deMiihed hy ElfJiinMOiMi in hL» loeeunt sf Kfthul* S, All, wltere he »}-»: ‘* The grwt (Iclijjht of ftll the Wftrtom Alji-hliiis is to the Atlnn or

(ihnimiKKir. Frooi ten to IwenlV men or women utoti np in ft eirolo (in ijuiunnrr Iwfore iheif Iioli!«» uikI tants, nnl it* winter wuntf a fire); it |pion Blfttslit within the rirrUi la sing nnU pLiy on Mttne inutnimirtit. The dimccm (fo lhrOM(fh a nninhar trf nttitoile^ ftiwl fipiTSfti shnnllug, clfttipint their hBiMls, ond snBll|iin« their fingeT. Every now nwi tlien tlw Join hands, fttsi minD slow or (rnI oeeardlnu to the mUlc, 11 jcnninj^ in chortuL vviieu 1 was sl»o«il this, n love-i«ivf was «ui|f w an cxtrrmelv pirtly tunO, very simpts, and not unlike ft Scottuh air, Erskine i trnnHlatiDn ist Cnetsitls ftWJ MJifection* wise pi^l^ ami the ivmusewenLs of danoinp- tfirli and Hirghustak Were IntrOdilMfl,

BA UAH’s I’Ollfl.

lOd

di’«c<;iifinitts and titK^sMTs should do an^‘thinp’ contniry to thia won Id bo involvod in the wrath and disploastiio of God- Up to tlio tiiuL* of 11 ) 3 * nccossion theso w*ero Hx«d and acttlod, and ovor)- year tlic 3 ’ took large auuw on this account from the wervaiits of God (the Ifolmminadnii people ill geneml). The Alxilition of this oppression was hrutight about during my reign. On tliis jounicj’ to Kabul cotiiplcte relief and contentuieut wore braiight about in the cireumstabc«4 of my subjects and the people of that place. Tliu good and lead i rig men of Qhasnin ftiul that netglibourboud were jtnesented with toIjcs of honour and dealt kindly with, and hud their desiros txcvllenUy ^atlticrd.

It is a straitgo coincidence that (the words) jxijysftaniu inzhdotuim4-.%/ur,^ Tliuirsday’, 18th .Safar, which is the date of my eiiti^* into Kabol, gi^ the Hijra datt] thereof,

I ordered them to inscrilx? this date on the stone. Xcar a seat (foHf) on the siopo of a hili to the south of the city of Kabul, and wliich is known as Taldit-i-shilli, tlu\v have made a stone terrace where Firdi^s-nmkAiiI (BaUir) lOfcd to sit jind drink wine. In one oonier of this rock thej* have excavated a round basin whieli could contain aliout tw’o Hindustani matinds of wine. He catLswl his own blessed name mth the date to be carved un the wall of the temico which is next to the hill. The n*ording is, “The sent of the king, the asj’lum of tlic world, ^hiru-tU din ifubamiiiad Baliar, son of ‘Uriiur ghaifch Gftr^i, may God perpetuate his kingdom. ill4 (15D8- 9>;’ I aUo ordered them to cut out of stone another throne parallel

TTie word, t<, ni* u. .j

Itwtcwl of « iai«, which UlJ>oHijm d«to of J«h£nmr*«

.Tnnc, I (HIT. A eolo

Tib 1 - ehsir bj- wrilirnf rfe.i./MiSfAAjilw

t|rt 09 l>v BWting rkl of the and t>» yJ of flJKl bnngtngf oat tht

BABAH’S CUKllEXtAHlES.

109

to this, (ind dig another Imsin of the same fabJiioii Oh its ftUie, and eiignwo my iisiiie tiiere, together with that of Sahih-qirilni (Thii(lr)i Every day that I sat on tluit throne I ordercij them to dll both of the btisiiiH wth wine jiiiid give it to the servants who were present there. One of the poets of Gluuiain foiuwl the date of iiij’ coming to Kabul in tills chmnografii—” The king of the cities of the seven climes” (lOlOh I gave him a dress of iionour and a pnisont, and onlereti them to engrave this date on the wall near the aforHsaid seah Fifty thoiisaud rupees were given to PArwis [ aBlr-al-inulh was made Mir Bakhshi, A Hrman was (lent to Qilij Kian to despatch 170,000 nipe«!a from the Lahore treasuiy for expenses of the army at Qaiidntiar. After visiting the KhiyiiMu (avenue) of Kabul and the Blhi Jlfth-rO, I ordered the governor of tliat city to plant other trees in the place of those cut down by Husain Beg KQ-siyali (the black-faced).

I also visited the Ulang-yurt of Chalak and found it a very pleasant place. The tbi’ia of Chikri (Jigrl f) shot with an arrow a ntiig * and brougii t it to me. Up to this time I had never seen a rang. It is like a mountain goat, and there b a dilTercneo only tu ita horns. Tlie horti-s of the rung are bent, and thooe of the gnat are straight and convoluted.

Ill cuiitiection with tiio account of Kabul the com- iiientarIcH of Babur* iiasscd in mew before me. These were in his own handwriting, except four sections (jw’’*) that I WTOto mj’selL At the end of the said scctioini a Hcntcnce was written by me also in the Ttirki character, so that it might be known that these four sections were written by tno in uiy own haiKh Jfotwitlistandiug tliat I grew up ill Hindustan, 1 am uot ignorant of Turk!

I Evidently a kind, of uliHJji,

• Thin i» ft a!(ereiu3« to BftJjftr’g itemobs.

t A jta’ « “ eonaut of I®**** “W ■“t**” (etS*** t**®*

Jnluinglr meaji thftl Iw ft-nite iqity-iottf fUgeftt

110

M-VCtS.

sijfecli and wTitiiig,^ On tliP 2ath Pafar 1 with the peupJo cif the harem xiiftited tiiu julgHh (plain) of Safid–SftTi.ij, a very briglit and enjoyable place, On Friday, tlie SlJtli, 1 eujo^^ed the blessing of a pilgriinago to (the tomb of) H.M. Firdit^S’tiiakaiu (JJtibnr). I ordered much mouoy and food, bread, and fiweettia<Ata for tlie souls of the dejMirti’d to be diatribntfd to faqlra. Huijayya Sul^n Begam, daughter of Mirza llindAl, had not performed a pilgrimage to her father a tomb, and on that day had tite honour to do so. On Thursaby, Srd Ihibl’u-l-awwal, I ordered them to bring my mcehorgi^s to the tiiiiyabiin

(aveDne). Tim princea and the Aiuita raced them, A Iniy Ara)> horw, whidi *Adil SJiiin, tJie ruler of the Deccan, had sent to me, ma better than all the other honws. At this time the son of Mirjsil Simjar HaaAra and the son of Mira’i Mwihi, who were the chief leaders of the Hazaras, came to wait on mu, The Hazaras of the vilJage of

’ tbo Mctioiu which trnh£nj^r •rote wero tbdse jtHiKed in

tbu llmituOiy edition nnd whieli Jwing th« nirnitn-# dmrn to BnlioTV •lenth. Tliey «eem to linro been in great nvniaure «ntiiei] from tin AkW-nima. .Inhine^r dcsia not say if bo irwle thorn whoa be wta in Kabul ar iirenoEuty. According to Blochnuuin, iT.A,S,a for ISOS, p. 134. on* jnz’ = two Nbeets of jaiair. The pasxnge U trnniilateci in Elliot,^ vi, 31S. Tboogb Johwogfr does not say wiirn ho wrote the four sectioiu, I think that bU UnjfuiigB impUiss that these odditioiu were in tbo manuiieritn when he wm looking at it in KnbuL I’erhAiM be tWKle them when h« Was n sttHint in Itulia, and for tbe «ake nf iimetiM in Tnrki. H» ainy have Ironalnted the Kcdona frani tbo Aklur-naniit, All, I ihink, b* did in Kabul Was to jMit tbe Turkl note, Mntiitg that the talons were hii^ But (lOWiibLy even this irati done before. EUtut, 31.^, has the W’ords to eoniplete the work," bnt ibese wenu do not oeeui- in tiio .ysa that I have seen. The tronslatioB in Elliot, ■eema u rBpnsMrtit Jahingir’H wools os that the work w«» complex, but that Ute four neetioiu w’«* not. like the rest, in BAher * tianilwriting, and m .TohAngir rO’Cafiiod tbetn. But it Claes iwa uiPlmiir that Uttro ran H be any objert in his doing tbia Thiite Ua raltiabl* .njclo in tile Keiisclirift <L JOemsoben ilotgonL (Jeselheh. for lAHa, p. Ill, by l>r. Tgufal, entitled *‘flAliur and Afafi’I-fjifl,’’ in whkb tbe frogmente in tlmitt»ky w« dtsetueecL But the pessage in the Tdzuk-irJa)idj»j|flr1 is not reftfircd Uk

^irsHAU ^vvnAy, whighjxo. Ul

MircUkd produced befon? me two raiigM^ tiuit they hnd killed with utnowi}. I hud never seen a mng of this sikc ; it wns Inr^jer by 20 per cent, tliun u lurge ijidrMii’rf?!

News muse tliiit .3]|uh Beg Kb^iUp the govcruoi- of QapdAhur, Imd reached the parganah oE £hor^.* which is Ids jagir. I determined to give Kubul to him and return to Hindustan. A petition came from KAja Bimug-deo tliat he had inade a priaoner of his nephew, who had been creating a disturbance and had kilhd many of his mem I ordered him to aend liini to the fori of Gw’alior to !«= imprisoned there. TIib iMirganaJi of Gujrfit® in the Panjab Sarkilr I bestowiLHl on Shir Ji^LiAn, the Afghan. I promoted Chin Qilfj, son of Qilij IQian, to the rank of 800 |)er^iud and 500 horse. On the 12th I sent for i^usrau and ordered them to take the chains olf his legs tlyit he might walk in the ^^aUr-aiA gardem JEy fatherly affection would not permit me to exclude him from walking in the aforesaid gardett, I transferred the fort of Attock and that neighlwnrhood from Ahniod Beg to ^ifar KiiaiL To TAj Khan, who was iiominated to beat back tlie Afghans of Bangnsh^ 1 gave 50^000 mpeea On the 14th I gave ‘All lihiui Kamti^* wdio wtm one of niy revered father’s old sen’ants and waa the of the

NaqarayiAiai (drum-house), the title of Kaubat Khan^ and promotetl him to the rank of 500 personal and 20»> horac. 1 made Ram IMs a/dtSq to Mahil Singh, grandrson of Raja Min Singh, who hnd: also been nominatod to drive back the rebels of Bangosh. On Friday, the iStb, the itx:^n-i-q(tmart (the w^eigliing according to the Innar year) for my 40th year took place. On that day the

1 T!« text Dkeutl-Dlli ^ horw, but thi^ h*ve ml i-tu! it

Kfiiitii to be a iriL^ltike.

• Apparently the Sbrorkot ef Xili, 4{i4. la the EHecImaa IXlib

(Jamil;, i\t It a ourth of Multan ami m the Jhotig liiittrlci.

• 1,0. T, isa.

• Perbapfi the ‘All Ihlfit HMn of BkEhmann, p. 533.

112 AFFAIK of fUXBAHAB. ArFOI.^TMEXT OF OFFICERS.

JO^aenibly was hold wlion two watchts of the dny hivl |ia^sc<l. t ^ve 10,000 mpcej^ of the money of the Weighing to ten of my CNjnHdeutial servanta to divide aiiion^ those who dcaenecl it and the needy. On ihm da)’’ A petition caine from E^ardnr KIiAn, governor of Oiuidnliai^ hy way of HtLznm and tiiiaznijii in twelve diiya; its purjMjrt was tlwvt the aiiiboasador of Hhilh “Abt^as, wJio hod started for the Coiirtp had entered the Iheeilia* {comitiy ). The Shah had written to hia own people: What seeker of oeeasEon and raiser of strife haa iHnne against tjandjihar without my order i’ Perluips he dijis not know what as our connection with HJL SuIoIti T iijiniv and espocially witli Humaynn and his glorious descendants. If they by chanee shuuk] have Uiken the cotmirj’ into their possession they should liiuad it to the friends JUid set van ts of my brother JaliAiigir hld^ah and return to their own abodes.” I deternnnod to tell l^aili iSJ^ain to Hecino the Ghaznin rmid in such a way that travellera fioiii (jiandahar might reach Kabul with ease. At the annie time I apix^inted Q%[ Nuru-d-din to the •Sadrmit of the prosdnee of Malwah and Ujjsin, The sou of ^flrzil ^jidinaji Ha>£tlra and grandson of Qanleha Khan, who was one of the inHucntial Amirs of Huiaiftyfiiip Waited on me. Qaracha Khan had njorried a W’oniati fruin the Hazara tribe, and this son* had been bnni by her. On Saturday^ the lOth^ Rarifi ^Jhaiikar, son of llanil UcUy Singh, was protnokd to the rank of 2.500 personal aiiii 1,CM)0 iiorne. An order W’as given for the nink of 1.000 personal and 600 home for RAy Manoliar. The Shillwari Afghans brougiit a niountiiiii ram the tw^o honis of which had “bicome one and hod become like a rajig^s horns. The same Afghans killed and brought

^ TTio AlSl^r Itiivo Hcrmt, blj^J tEiw tg iimbabty Mrrwtr

• Tlwt b, AjipurenUyp AELrau but |ierhm|H the tt wnnni ngla tliAt

hrtii m irife far MU iMsmng iho and not timt

hv hmd hilAAtslf muri^ mtt wonmiu

ACmVST OF ^IllR-AFGAN.

(1 (Ei-Rkiiio trani^iat^ tlilB *ii serpent - eating

goat^* the like of which 1 liiid never weeii ot iniaginei]. 1 drtlerecl my arti^tpS to paint hiiiL Ho weighed four Himiiiiftaril iniiundji i the length of hin honL$< wm 1 ^ On Snnckj^ the 57 th, I gave the mnk yf 1,5(10 personal and 1,000 horee to ShajA^at Khnu, and the (district sunroiifiding) of Gwalior vvftfi pldced in the jagir of f’ttMr 10)au. 1 appointed Qa^i ‘Iziuitii-llah with his

hrothera to the Banga.^ dntj. At the end ol the wanje day a petition came to me from JnI^ih ^thAri from Agra, together with a letter which JaliAngir Qiili Kluiii had written to Idm from Btlmr. Its purport wm that on the 3rd Safer (30th May, 1007), after the Hrst wateli, ^Ali Qiill fstAjlh had wounded Qu(bu-d-diii Khan at Brndwan, in the province of Bengah and tliat ho liinl died when two watches of tiie mim night liofl pariAed. The details of this matter are that the aforeeaidVAli Qnli wn^ f^ti/nichi (table servant) to E^ah IsinA’lL (the 2nd)p ruler of Iran; after hb death he took t<j HigUt through bis mtural wickedness and iLafait of making misclviefp and came to Qaudnhar, and Iia™g met at Mohan the KhankJiaiirLn, who had l)een appointed to the cliarge of the province of Tukmba® started with huu for that province. The Kbanl^ianAn in the h’eld* placed him among the ser^wta of the late king (Akbor), and he havfng performed services in that campaign was promotctl to a rank in accordance with hts conditian, and was a long time in the service of my revered father. At the time when he (jVkhar) went in proaperity to the provinces of the Deccan, and I was ordered against the RAnil, ho came and l^ecaine servant to me, i gave him the title of ghir-

I The M9S. Iu>^ Olaii 11 gu 4

^ iSfiiTUti, 1 tliitilc, Ito Tiktln-h^ i.e. Siul.

^ But tlw iiIitaw Dvereiy tneuu tiuit ihu

u^ipaiotmeab W4ii pca iniiUe ia the FtniKror’ii frcAenoc.

114

HEATH OF ^IIlH-AFaAN*

af^an (tigur-thrawintf). Wlion I cniim from AilAliiilmd to wait on iiiy revered father, on account of the un¬ friendliness that wiiH flhoiim me, moat cf my attendants and |)eoplc were scflttt^red abmad^ and he also at that time choHC to liiii^ve my service. After my aecessinn, out of ■jeiwrosity I ovorlookcd liis utFuuccs, and f^nvo an ordiir for u jagir for him in the So ball of BL’ngai ‘Dicnco came ni’WH Unit it wok not right to Icava such misciuBVuiut porMoitH tliure, and an order went to Qulbu-d-din Kboti to send him to Court, and if he showed any futile, oeditious ideas, to punisli him. ‘J’lie nforo-said Khan Imd reason to know him (hia character), and with the men he hod pruHcnt, iiumediatoly the order arrived, went hastil 3 ’’ to Bardwan, which was his jttgir. When he (Shir*

ofgan) IwciUhe aware of tlie arrival of Qutbu-d-diu

Kbiin, he went out to receive liim alone with two grooms. After he arrived ond entered into the midst of his nnnj" (his camp) the aforesaid Khan ouiToanded him, Wlien from thin proceeding on the part of Quthu-^-din Khiln A doubt nrofle in hia mind, he by way of deceiving him

said; “ WTiat proceeding is this of thine f *’ ’ The

aforesaid Khan, keeping bock his own men, joined him alone in order to e?iplaiii the purport of the onier to him, Seeing hia opportunity he immediatdy drew hia sword and indicted two or three severe w’ounde upon him. An I ha Kb^i KoiAmiri, who was descended from the rulers of Kashmir and was connected (by mortice ?) with the aforesaid Kbaa. and liod a great regard for him bj" w’a)’ of loj’alty and monlJneas, ruahec^ forward and struck a lu*vy blnw on AJl Quli’a head, and that Wdoua fellow inflicted a severe wound on Atiiba KhAn vrith the point of hi» sworcL When they saw Qutbu-d-dm KlMin in this

» Text iKiiyiiM. ‘bo tanuMi tmmd.* Bufc tfao JISS. have eAt* i*

** V\Ti*t kiml at uruigHmcat m U1L4 T"

• ‘pcnntQcl inmnL^ |H>iiiud *T

m

VISIT TO «IAK-JAIIAX.

statii, hifl men atiuckcd hitii (•3bri‘-ii%ai)), imd cut hiiu in pieces aud sent him to helL It is to be Jiopeci that the place of tliis black-faced flcodnclnd will nlwayn 1 m there. Aiiilm Khan obtoinetl iiiaHj’rdaiu on the spot, and Quibu-d- dill Khan Koku after four watches attained the mercy of God in his <iuartcrK, What can 1 write of this unpleasant- nms t How grieved nncl troubled I became! Qutbu-tl-din Khilii Koka was to me in the place of a dear son, a kind brother, and a congenial friend. What can one do ndth the deenH’s of God if Bowing to ilestiny f adopted an attitude of rcKiguation. After the departure of tho late King ami the death of that hoooorcd one, no two niis- fortuitcs hod Impticned to inc like the deatli of the mother of Qiitbu-d-dtti Kfiaii Koka and his own martyrdom.

On Friday, the Otli Rabi‘u-l-4l<idr, I came to the ijiuirterK of Khumiui (^hjlh-Jahan), which had been inade in the Urta Garden. In tmtli, the building is a delightful and well-proportioned one. Whereas it was the rule of my father to have hiuu^lf weighed twice every year, (once) accord log to the solar and (once according to the) lunar year, and to have the princes weighed according to the solar year, and moreover in this year, wluch W’aa the cummenceraent of my son Khurratn’s IGth lunar year, the astrologers and astronomers * represented that a iiuist important cpocli acoorcling to his horoscope w’ould occur, as the prince’s health * hud not been good, f gave an older that they should weigh him according to the prescribed rule, against gold, silver, and other metals, which should be dividid among faqirs and the needy, llje w’hole of that day was jiasiwd in enjoyment and pleasure in tho house of Baba Khurrum, and many of his presents wore approved.

• The of two wimtif Ijejoj; uMil Ijnitwbly !a thst both

and I^iMi ai.tn>lagen mn reforiml to, Bhdliiuuin, An, MtH Ibal btrilidKy wm Rftbd’ti-l-mwwiib ^ Ut,, Hifl ddAitOHlLauQ hail dtuihjn!^ from ^unbilkty.’^

f

116 kaml yftvtra.

Ah I had experieacod tbe ^xcelleDciofl of Kabul, and had I

eatyn most of ita fruits, in cotiayquyDca of impoitoiit 1

cofiKidcratiouH and the distance from tile {i-apitah on Sunday^ the 4 th Jumikin-l-awwab I gave an order that they shonld send out the advance camp In the direction of Kiudustam After soiiio days I left the city, and the ^

royal staiidards pix>cecded to the meadow of Safid-wing,

Although the grapes a^ere not yet fully ripe, I had often

before this eaten Kabul grapes, Tliere are many i^krI

sorts of grapes, especially the ^hibi and Ki>^mi^L ‘Hie

cherry also Is a fruit of pl<!gR;saut flavour, and one can eat p

more of it than of other fruits; I Ijave in a day eaten up

to loO of tiieiin The term means (cherry),

which are obtainable in most places of the eonutry, but

since is like gUa^t which is one of the uaiuen of the '

chalpa^t (lizflitl), niy revered father called it

The Mrd^ii jwiyunrw/i = is good, and is abindant There

is @q>eeU]ly a tree in the Shahr-aia garden, iimi MirEii

3 [ubatnmad Ilakim, my uncle, planted, and is kuown m

the Mirzii’i. The aprioots of this tree are {|uito unlike

the apricots of other trees. The peaches also aio veiy

delicious and plentiful. They hod brought some peacdies

from IstAliL I Imd them weighed in iny preseuoc, and

tliey came exactly in weight to 25 rupeea, which is

6 S current vtiKtjiiL ^ otTndthstauding the sweetness of |

the Kabul fruits, not one of them has, to my taste, tite i

flavour of tlie mongo. Hie [jorganah of Mahilban was given

as jagir to MaJiilbut- ‘^Abdu-r-Rabltii# paymaster

of the Ahsdifl, was promated to the muk of 700 pcraonol

I

^ m/Jj W n cherry in ILiahmad. $«« BloeWua^s p. ms,

Abu 1 iQ«nt40iiii io tbo Ayin (Blddiiwn. p. afl) ttwtt calt«l

• rai»n» <W graft,- nod pondblf UtM I, tltB miuiing Iwra. »

hi«t St»H3(gW» giTca ptrpnrodl M |iart <4 tin name «f a iJnm. Tin f

t«sl. irnwn to b« CGinipt, and [i«rlim]M w|«t Johdoglr wrote wm -’tlio rwmblse tbs y

A XABGE SFIDEK. AQCQV^T OF A MUMMY* 117

And 20Q horae, ^[nhflrak ivlwii SairwAiiI \vm Appaintcd to thE> fAuJilAtHhip oE the Hark At of IIL^. I orderfnl that ^lirza FAiidlm BnrIaH nliould have a jagir in the Siihfih of Allalmlxacl On the 14tli of the afoie^id month I gave 1 rad At brother of Am! iyiTm, the

rank of ],000 porscmal and 500 horKo^ and presenting him with A special robe of honour and n horse, heatowed on him the payinastei^hip of the Subah of Pa tun and Hiljipur, Ah ho wo* my qarhpffl^ I flenfc by hiS hand A jew’elled swoitJ for my sou (/arai?ifl() IslAm ttban^ the govumor of the aforVxHaid Subah. As we were going along I saw near ^Ali Manjid and Oharib-khana a Jarge fipider of the sisse of a emb that had seized by the throat a snake of one and a half gUJ in length and half ntrangled it I delayL-d a minute to look on at this, and after A moment it died (the snake)*

I heard at Kabul that in tbe time of Mahmiid of Ghazni a person of the name of Khwaja Tab&t* had died in the neighbourhood ol Zuhitk and BumiyAn, and woa buried in a caA"e, whose limbs had not yet rotted asunder. This appeared very strange, and I sent one of my conhdential record writers with a surgeon to go to the cave and, linmng seen the state of affairs as they were, to make a special report He representod that half of the body w^hich W’as next the ground had most

^ Tflxt has YiqAt, bat it u cImit frvin the IqbAl-nlinA, p. Knd from LO. MS. iBi that Ukfl nnmv ^ tbd eoffiA Hh’rujA.’ The

Hutbor isf thfl Iqbdl^pAma waw thfl pme>u «mt m ib* iqquir^F^ and

be giv^A A account of what ha mw. A flurgiHin waa seot with hiiBk kLH tbe l^irija ^oji wid lo ha’i’e been nurtynMl, and it Wu nvroiEal^ la report on the a^nndj. The mentioseil In tlie Ajtn, h W.

See Jorrott^ ii, *M>9dCP, hnt tbe trAiudaUen N not qoite opcarabe, I tlunk. Tlte pmioiqiUleii of the text xeenu to me to be comet. It Is eboncterutic of JikhAaglr ojad ibe JiuUidr ef tbe Iqbi.tnan]m tbnt they take m tPOtiee of tbe celoHuI hguresat BAmiyAnr, though AbO^Mod doco. See ■Taml:t’‘i note. It in ftta-tisl in the fqbal^nimo thot l^iwitja Tahdt wan- naid to hare been killed in the tliscie of ChiogH IpiSru If no, tbe SnllAn btabtnM raentiotted by JidiAaglr mix^t be SnllAo 2iialimad OborL

JIS A^f ALLXOED SOX OF SIlAHaUKH.

of it ccine Mnndej-, and the otlier half wliicli had not touclied the ^(roiiiid roniaiuLfJ Jn its own eonditiotL Tlie nails of the hands and feet and the hair of the head had not Wn aliGd, ljut the hair of the Iteard and luoufftacho as far as one side of tlie nose had been shed. From the date tliat liad been engraved oa the door of tlie cave it appeared that hU death had occurred before the

tiujo of Siiltati MabiiiQd, No one knows the exact state

of the cafie.

Ojj Thcujtday, the loth Aiidaii Bi, governor of the fort of KAJitnard, who was one of the seri.‘ants of middle rank (0 of Wall Uubfiiiiinnd Khan, ruler of Tiirftn, came and waited on iae.‘ I lad always heard that Mirza flosam, son of Shahrakh Slintii, had been killed by the Lzbe^ At this time a certain peraon came and prefienf 4 id a pedtioti in his name, and brought a mby of the colour af an onion, which was worth 100 mpeea, as an offering. He preyed that an anuy might bo appointed to assist Win. HO that he might take Badakhshan out of the Uzbogs’ hands. A jewelled doggcr-belt was uent him, and an order given that, as the royal standards Imd alighted in those regions, if ho reaUy WM .MlnUi Husain son of MirzS. ghahm!^, he should «ret hasten into my presence, ho that ha\dng examined his petitions and claims I Tiiight send him to Badakhshao, Two hundred thousand ropeea were sent for the army that had been

sent with SlaJul Singh and Itiliii Daa agaimst the rebels of B&ngafih.

U" ■■ f" ■ gone to the Billri,

Hifar, t inspected the buildings in tliat place. As the

place was not fit for me I ordered thom to destroy these buildings and to prepare a palace and a royal hall of audience. On the same day tliey brought a peach from Jstalif, oecruhar ba&aluni, “ as big as an owl’s

’ He WE* atipwnted goveraw <rf Ecbw&n flqbwl-niiwa. p. «7).

ACCOUNT OF S^AHHUNH. 119

I hftfl iwt mm a of such a k\7^\ and

oixiercd it to be wei|^hed, and it mmu to U3 Aklmri rtipeois, or GO tolii& When 1 cut it in half iLi stone aliMi canie into two pieoaa^ anil its aubstance was ffWeeL 1 liad iu Kabul uev’cr eaten better fruit from any tnje. On the 25th oewa came from ^lalwa that Mirza Shahmkh had bid farewell to this transitory world, and OocI Almighty had subruergied him in Bk mercy. From the day on which he uiiterc’d the service of uiy revered father till the time of hifl departure, froui no act - of his eouM diL^ l>e brou^^ht into the i»yal mind. He at ways did his duty with sincerity. The aforesaid Jlirza apparently had four sous : Hasan and Itusaiji were born of the same womb (i-e, they were twinfl)p llimLn lied from Burhanpur and Vfcut by aea to lraf, and thence to Badakhslian, where they my he now’ is, as lias been written about his mesH^pir and hk aendin^; some one to me. No one knows for certain whether it is the Niiue ^[[iistl Ilusaitip or the people of Badakhehan have raised tip this one like other falise ^lirza^ and given him the namu of Mirza Husain. From the time when Uirzh i^hAhrukli came from Badakhahaii and hod the good fortune to wait on my father until now, nearly 25 years have passed. For some time the people of Btwlaklmluin* on account of the oppression and injury they tiave to undergo from the have given notoriety to a

Badnklmhau boy, who had on his face the nnirks of nobility, as really the sou of Miir:za fymhrulHi an<l of the race of Mirza SulaiiiiAu. A large number of tJie flcattcred t^yuiaqjs and the hilbpeoplc of BiMiiikliHlian^

• Tb? mErely lmr& ^* 0 ! ■ t3^t 1 bail iir^dr iwen hpfm.’’

PktibAbly iJae tost JH c®mi|jfc* and iJw mBwiin(f tn*y big

rt BiA a quince, nnil [ittrlmiw Ihi# b whflt b nHaautbprC. CV

the misaming liwy be la tlw hi^jgwt for Or mr m^y l»

m Rii^bc fiir and tlw msiuiiiiK tm ’’ eriniU in ma* to ihrw ((Kdlnary fwtMrhc^Jr^

120

.SlIlHUrKTl’S BOSS. k RING HUNT*

wlioni tfiej* cnil Qharchal (GtH}rgiiin 9 ?), colbctud round Iiini. mid ahowing enmity and iliaputing with the Ozbegs, took aome of the diHtricts of iSadakhshan out of their poesswwion. The Ozbega attacked that fahio Mitzfi and captiinid liim, and placing his head on a b-pear sent it round to the whole countrj- of Badaklisiian. Again the seditious people of Bsdakhalian fjuicyy produced anothi^r Mirai, Up to now- Fieveral Mirzaa have been kUled. It appears to mo that as long as there is aiiv trace of the ^>«>plc of Badakhshan tliey will keep up this diatnrbance. The tliiid soji of the Mlrza is Mirza Sui^i, who excels in appearance and disposition all the Qtlier sons of the Mira-i. I begged him from his levered father, and have kept him iu my owti serdee. and having taken gr^t pains with him reckon him as my own child. In disposition and manners lie has no likeuesa to his hrotfiens. After my aecossion I gave him the rank of 2,000 peraoual and 1,000 horse, and sent him to the Snbali of .Malwa, which was liis father’s plmw. The fourth son is Bndi u-z-zaman, whom he always had m attendance on himself; lie obtained tlie rank of 1.000 penonal and 500 hotae.

While I was at Kabul, no qanmiy^lh hunt had taken place. As the time for returning to Hindustan liad come near, and I was very desirous of hanting red deer,

I ordered them to go forward as soon as posaihle and TOrroojid the hill Faraq,‘ which is seven kiM from Kabul. On Tuesday, the +th JniiiSdad-awwal. t went to hunt, i Mr y loo deer had come into the eoclosure ({mmarcoihl About a hall of these were taken, and a ven^ hot hunt oo place, I gnir-e 5,000 rupees in rewards to tlie ryota who ivere pr^„t at the hunt. On the same day an increase of 500 horse was ordered to the rank of SbaiWi

Kh»!^’. OWH*"® aeiiDtsiiu. Tfacre is «1 bo ,|„ i^\„g

vrsir’s hIear’s tomh. r ,elites Kabul,

131

‘Abdu-r-RnbiuiiE, son of Sbaikil AbG-J-fa?lp aa iia to brin^ it to 2,000 perflonal ami (2,000) horse. On Tlmrednyp the fithp I went to the throne-plnee of the late khi^ Mbar. A.h J wiia to leave Kubol on the next ilay I looked on that day iM^ a feast dny^ anr! ordered tliem to arrange a wine- party on the spotp and fill with wine the littio reservoir they had cut in the rock. Cups were ^iven to alt the courtiers and servants wlio wem present, and few da^’s have pasKed in such enjoyment and plvaaiire. On Fridayv the Tth, when a watch of daj’ Imd jjossed, lea^ung the city auspicionsly and with pleasurep a halt waa made at the jnlffdk (meadow) of the Saffd-iiMing+ Frotn the Shahr-jira as far as the jxtigah I scattered to fiiqirs and poor people daii and chamn, that Ib^ half and r|nartep rupees.^ On tluit day, when 1 mounted my elephant for the purpose of leaving Kabulp the aewa arrived of the recovery of the AinLm-l-innnrn and SljAh Beg I5,hAii. The news of the good hoaltli of these two chief set^‘ants of mine 1 took as un aiispicions omen for myself- From the julg&h of t he Safid-sang, marehingone kos on Tuesday^ the lltb, I halted at Bikiiuii- I left Ta^h Bt

Kabul to take prt>per core of Kabul and neighbourhood until the coming of Chilli Beg Khan- On Tuesday, the 18tb, I marched two and a half kos from the halting- place of But^ak by the road Du aba,^ and encamped at a spring on the liank of which there are four plane- trees. No one till noa- had looked to the prepamtion of this hatting-plncep and they were ignorant of its condition and suitability^ It b in truth a most excelleut spot, and one fit to have a building erected in it. At this halting-plaec another cjamargah hunt took place, when about 112 deer^ etc., were taken. Twenty-four rang antebpa and oO red antelope and 16 muuiit^iiu goats W’ere

^ BlocLiTUliin, p 31.

• I>a Mbft iii e* a by FIikL

133 AN ANTELOPE* XHU^KAtJ^S PLOT*

tiikcn, I htkd nL-v*er till now seen tting iLEitrOlppc^ alivuA It m In tmtii A worid^irfnl AiiimuJ of a beautiful shape^ Altliough the black buck of Klndui^taii luckH vory finely ii>ade, thu Hhfipc and rA!!sKicii and appearance of this antelope lb quite a ditleieiit thin^. T\n:y a mm

mid a mi^g’ the ram tuiiiic to a maiind and uteent and

the mug to tti’o maimdH oih! 10 scci^i, Tlie mng, although of tbiK mn f«j that ten or twelve swift were worn out and sebcd it with a hundred tliousaxid difiicnltlea, Tlie desk of the slieep of the Biirhary goat in flavoui’ does not surjMiiss tliat of the rang. In the j^ame village kulanga (doiiioiuelle crane) were also caught.

Aithougli Khusrau fiad repeatedly done evil actions and deset^‘ed a thousand kinds of punish ixient, my fatherly adection did not permit me to take his life. Although in tlie bvwH of goveniment and tlie ways of empire one shonJd take notieu of such disaipproved deeds, I averted my eye« from hm faults, and kept him in e.^cc.Msive comfort and caae. It became known that he was in tho habit of sending men to soomidrcls w|io did not consider con¬ sequences, and of inciting th€?ni to give trouble and attcnipt my life, and making them liopeful wliii praraises, A liftixd of these ill-fated onea of little foresight having Joined together, dcairwl to attack me in the hunts that took phice in Kabul and parts. As the grace and

protection of God AJinighty are tlie guaitliarLS and keepem of this sublime d;j’niisty, they did not fittain to their end. On the day when the lialt wm at the Surklmb. one of tliat luind went at the risk of his Ufa to Khwaja Waisi. the Dlwan of my son Khurram, and revt-aled that nearly BOi) men at Khusmu’s iiistigstioii had conspired with Fatlju-llah. Hjn of Ilakim Ahu-l-fath, N iiru-d-diu, son of Qhlj^ti-d- din Mil Awif-khiin, and gharif, mn of Itiniridu-^J-dauIah (^hr-Jalmirs father), aud were awaiting an opportunity

Tijfi (Mt ermitfl tliB wcifd zitula^ * t^V€L*

KitusftAu’a pmr.

13^

to carry out the detii^nn of the cncniii.i$ and o’k’il-wisbelrM of the kinff. Khwuja WaiKi told this to KhurrHiiii^ tind Ilf! ill ^remfc pcrturlmtiou iiiiiiiediatoly told Die. I guvs lihurrain the blos&iii|j of felicity^ aiid prepared to get liold of the whole wet of those short-flighted ones and puniflh thetii with variotiti klndH of punishziuuit Again, it toine to my mind, ns I was on the iiiareli, and , the Hcisaire of these people would create a distiirbojice and confiwiua in the caiii]>/ to order the leodels of the disturbance and niuicl»cf to be apprehended J handed over Fathu-ltah in confinement to certain tmflty iiieii, and ordered capital puniflhiiient for tlio other two wretches, with three or four of the chief among the block-faced (eonspiratt^rs), 1 had dignified Qilstin ‘All, who woa one of the servants of the late king Akbar, after my occL^ion with the title of Du'iinat Khan* He always accused Fothu-llah of a want of loyalty, and said things about him. One day he said to Fathu-ll«h: At the time when Kiiiisniu lied and tlie king pursued him, you said to me:

• Tlie Panjah flhould be given to KhiiHrau atiii this quarrel cut abort*” Fathu-lkli denied thb, and both reaortcKl to t:taths and curaea (on thomsk’lves). Ten or fifteen days had nut pasKcd afU^ this altercation when that hypocritical Wretch w’os arrested^ and his false oath did its husineflfli On Saturday^ the 22nd Jiiinru1a-l-aw\vah the news came of the death of the nukJio Jalalu^-din MuaaH’ar Ardifltaiii, who was of a family of skill and medicine and claimed to be a deocetidant of Galcm At all events he was an unequalled healer. His cTspcriencu added to his knowdedge.* As he was very hand-M^me and Avetl-niiide

^ The imfa ep Cfunp waa 00* ^“ilh Jflhlngir ihcH^ ajicI he

ihntlght ihst If he aent le it for the capture ef tbero n-amJd he eonfuFbEL Ho thoireferfl hEmpcff at tha Uioo iritb

tliii ringleulcr^ TtiAro ui a full «4^4iai af the cdiu^pinuzy in the l[|liHl-n&iiuip p* ntc-

^ F^Ibly Lila nswniii^ i .i hiif expoxicnqo wtL^ gmier thint tun ^11 ”

ACCoirxT OF A pjrvsicrAy.

iu the dflj-a of liie yoaih he frt-rjUL’tit«d

ttw aaserii1>1ie;4 of ghilh XahniSsp, and the king recited UiLh hemuticlj almit him :—

■’ W« hiit’« a plijsicka: Mine, lEt us oil l)« ilL"

Ilakiin ‘AU, trho wna hw contemporaiy, exceeded him ill skill. [ii short, in tnedical skill aud uiiHpicloii>sness and rectitude and purity of method and diapusition he was perfect. Other phj’aicians of tile age could not compare with him. In addition to his medical skill he had manj" excellencies. He had perfect loyalty towactLs me. He built at Lahore a house of great pleasantness and purity, and repeatedly asked nio to honour It (with mj’ presence). A.s [ wa.s v’crj- fond of pleasing him [ consented. Iti short, the aforefiaid Hakim, from hi.s eonneetion with tno and being my physician, had great skill in the manageiiient of affairs iind btusincss of the world, so that for Home time at Allahabad I made him Diwan of my establkhment. On account of bis great honesty he was very exacting in Important bisinesH. and people were i-cxed at thLs method of proceeding. For about twenty j’eara he had ulcerated lungs, and by bis wisdom preserved in Home measure bis health. MTien he was talking he mostly coughed so mneh tliat his cheek and eyes became red, and by degrecH his colour became blue, I often said to him: “Thou art a learned physician: why dost thou not cure thy own w’oundK ?” He represented that wounds in the lungs were not of anch a nature that they could be cured. During hi-s illness unc of his confidential servants put poison into Homo medicine he w^as in the habit of taking every day and gave it to him. WTien he pcrcei^‘cd this he took remedies for it. He objected veiy much to be bled, although this was necesisai^’. It happened that ho w’as going to the prii.y when hi.s cough overcame him and

’ Lit, when h« wu AmeoUi’fguxd. ia. Ixnnlleaik

4

mi\TH OF PmSICTAX. A HUNT*

f qp^^nef^ the wuuiidH m his lungs. So mueli blood poured

4 out of lii^ tiioutb mid bmin thiit ho beemiio iTiM^Ti^iblo

and fell, and niftde a f<>ftrrul crJ^ An tlftiihitdf.1 (ewer- bt^arer) beeoiiiiiig ikwiire of this, came into the tywenibly- rooin, ttiifl 8ei:mjg him smearwl yvith blood criid out:

■ ‘*They have killed the After exauiining him

it was ssecn that there waw no fiign of wounds on his budy^ and that it was the same wound in the lungs tliat had begun to llow\ They informed Qilij Khan, who was the Covenior of I-ahore, and he, having niM?ertained , the true atate of tlie aRTairp buried hinn He left no

capibki J50in

On the 24tln between the garden of Wafa and Xinilnli, a hunt took pladL\ and nearly forty red antelope w-ere t killed. A female panther fell into our hnncls In

thi-H biinL The s^niundars of that plaecj Lu^munLs Shrdi, iitid Afghans, came and said that they did not remember nor had they heard from their fathers tfmt ^ o panther had l>een seen in that region for 120 yeai^

A halt was mode on the 3nd Jumadad-akliir, at the , Wafii Garden, and the assembly for the solar weighing

was held. On the same day Arslan Bi, an Oabeg who W’as one of the Sardarsand nobles of ^Abdu-hllumin Kban, and was at that time governor of the fort of Kahmard, having left hia fort, had the blessing of w^altiiig on me. As be Imd oomo from friendship and sineerity^ I exalted him vrith a special robe of honour. He Is a simple ir^tbcg, and is tit to be educated fuid honoured. On the 4th of the month an order ivas given that KhAOn

the governor^ of JaliilaMd, should make the Imnting- ground of the Arzina plain into a ijiitmirgah (ring¬ hunting grtmnd). Nearly animals were captui-ed,

^ Th* I.O. Uo iWft call Kim the luun™ a( tlva

dnioifll-i fajaured rfiffer in the MS^ from lhw« givfro m tbs l*5lf^ Tlw Ultcr nits ubiTOTiiily onil I have aiMamlec] them. Tho

= JqbiJ-EiAliia, haa ArZAUH flS the mmnf of tKo hnsiting grqanrL

ErfikitPa has Anina.

136

SHla BEG KH.VK.

niiind 3 *, 35 qiuh (rams I), 25 tfO^l (|), 90 rtTj,Aaff (wild ^ie«p). 55 ti^thll (yabt ?), 05 aiit^-Iope

Ak it WOK tho iLtddt(» of tho day wtiao I nrrjv’iHl at tlo JiimtitiKpl(M» and the air \s’aa very hot, the («si) Amhian dogs Iiad been exhausted.’ The time for niuning dogs in in tiie inoming or at the end of the day. On Sttturday, the IStJi. the halt was at Akftra Saray(?). • At this stage Shah Beg with a good force, cajue

and H’aited on me. He wps one who had been brought up by iny father, the late king Akbar. In Mmsulf ho m a very bravo man and energetic, so njudi so tJiat constantly in the finio of my father he fooglit several single comhata, and in my own reign defended the fort of Qandnhar from the hosts of tfie mler of Iran, it was besieged for a year before the royal army arrived to hia assistance. Hm maruiurH towards hia soldbrs am tbtwo of an Ainii* (nohlcman, ftnuHiSydna), and not according to discipline {qttdrat). especially toa-nrda those who liavo helped him m battles or are with him in campaigns. He jokes much with his servants, and this give,s him an niidignified appearance.* I have rapoatedly warned him about this,

hot as it is in Ids nature my remonatranccs have hacT

no

On Monday, the I4th. I promoted Hasljriii J£l)An. who IS one of the household, bom ones of our dynasty, to

Anbi* or rlsewTw^

Afghan ^***’"’ ^ its’ifllru > 1 - nnurn, ii, (Hi Mo ivu ae

■> “ ohscnro u(i the (Lo^b ia aarrupE. UnJiino’s truislstioo

»i Hi» nun^ Eowwii Ehe «!dJort Ls frank iwl nUant, but col aecotchug to tlw rales of dlKipUiHt, e»tsicijilly ihqo* who kawi

^ wars

1^7,1° Evideatjy Eiskiao PBod «,,« „

jH sad the MiSa. support h» raadintr.

1 tbink, |,a(ravor, tliat fcuJWos mcaas *U, jBit ■ Iosteo(lof X

hose .^.cn. wls» tare .™ved him well, or ar, ^ vv* laJ

rrwp Blochmonn, p. ajK, that wpw “a fnita T^k,”

127

A my or W Aii Rr K rr bee els.

. rank of with 2,000 lioimo, and I modo hiin

governor of the provmee of OnsJia. On the day

iiLiWH came t\mt Jiadi’a-K-Kainatip son of MirvJi Shihrukh, who wnK in the proviucG of Mnlwii, thmiigli folly und yonth liad st^irkKl w^tli n lx>dy of rebeln to gtt to the province of the and join hiin. ‘At^lu-lliih

the govertior of that place, l)eing infotmed of this event went after liiiDt and having luaile him pH^ner on the way, slew several of the wretclies who Iiad jcjinc^i with him. An order wan given that Ihtiumm Itiwin ahouJd start fojin Agra ami bring the MimV to the eoiirh On the 2nth of the aforesaid niontli newa came that linfun Quil UJbwR- nephew of Wjdl hdifttip mJer of Sfftwani’a-n- nahrp had killed hiin who was mllerj Mi nut ILusain, who had reported to bo the son of MirtKfi Khahnikh.

In truthp the killing of the eons of MEi-z& Kialhnikh Ls like the killing of the demons^ its they ijay that frcnii every drop of their blood demons lire prodnceiL In the station of Dhaka, ^^hir Khan, the Afghanr whom when I left 1 liad placed at Peshawar to guard the Khaibar PasiH, came and imited on me. He had made no default in preseiwing and guarding the road, ^^ivfar Kh^, son of Zain h^aii Koka, ho^I been appointed to move on the Dolii/iik Afghans and the tribe of Khatur, who liad perpetrated all kinds of misdeeds in the neighbourhood of Attoek and the Beas and that ’idcinity. After performing that service and the conquest of those rebcLs, w-ho numbered about 100,000 houses, and Bending them olf k>wards Lahore, he coino and waJt4^ upon me at the same halting-place, and it was evident that ho had perfonnod tluit service as it ought to have been done. As tlie month of Itajab, corresponding with tho JIahl month of Abiln, had arrived,^ and it was known that this

• Tljd (idCalbHty <if this yaai wba that the luEuir naaiLlh SOrl tho iwW iTiDCLth af Aldmr’ft hirtK via. lUjiib mini ^oddedp no that there

wu zk daulila

128

filSrrftlltUTlOK OP CJJAtllTV,

rWfLH Olio of tlio nioiitiiH KkihI for the Inoiir \rei;^hiiij^ {tm^n-UqmnitrT} of my fiLtho^r, 1 duti-rmlnt^d tliiit the mine of all the artidiiH which lie to order for hsA

cjwn weighiu^ in the mhr iitid hinar yeana t^hotild l>e e^timated^ and that what thin mme to should be Rent to the laip? cities for the repose of the soul of that enlightened one, and be divided amongst the iiecesBitonji and tlie fiupr^ The total i^ine to 1 OOpOOO e<jua] to SOD Iraq tutiOHti^p and SOO^OOO of the cuiTency of the people o£ Mawara*a-n-nahr«

Tmativorthy men divided that sinii anaong the twelve chief citJea^sueh aa iVgtHp DeIhijLiihore,G tijarat( Aliniadaliurid X cto. On Tiinnsday, tho Srd llajab, I favoured with the title of Khaii-jalian niy son (furzajHl) ^^ahat KbaUp W’ho k not lc8a? to aie than my ow’w sotiep and ordered that they should in all lirriiaiiK and urdern write of him aa Khaii- JahAu. A spechd robe of honour and a jewel le<l aivord w’ere also given him. Also, iiaving entitled ^ilh Reg iJi^an Khan-dan ran, I presented him wHih a Jewelled waist-dagger^ a male elephant, and a spetflal horse. Tlie whole of the sarkai^ of Timhp Kabul» Bangashp and the pix>vines of Sawad (Swat) Bajaur, wdth the (task of) beating back the Afghans of those regions^ and a jagir and the faujdarsbip W’sre conlinned to him. He twk leave from Ralia JIasan Abdah I aliso ordered Ram I>aa Kachhwaha to receive a jagir in this pro^nneo and to 1)0 enrolled among the auxiliaries of this Suljah. I eonferred on Ki^an Cliand^ aon of the Mota (fat) Rajap the rank of 1,000 personal and 500 horse- A dnuan w^as wittew to Slurta^A Khnn (Sayyid FarTd)p governor of Giijamt, iliat as the good conduct and exccllenee and ab^temiormnesB of the son of 3Iiyaa Wajlhu-dnliii ^ had been reported to me, be should hand over to him from me a suiii of iiioneyp and that be sbonhl write and send me some of

Wujibti-d^bEi wu a famourt (riijamt Jie died m

UUNTIXO.

129

I the nani«» of (Jt»d which had Iteed tested. I£ the fjrace

i of God Hh<nild tic with loo I would codtioiinll}’ repeat’

I them. Befoie this I Imd given leave to Zafor Klitiu to

I’ go to HAbii I]iUiJin Atxlnl to oolleot together gume for

r sport. He had nmde a (literally a tying

f together of horiw or branch es). Twenty-»eveu ml dem-

1 arid tW Avhite ones came into the I uiyiielf

struck with aiTowH dhtelope, and Piirwiz atid Khwmun also killed some others with arrows. Aftora-ards orders were given to the servants and courtiers to shoot. lilmn J Jahfin wn# the best shot, and in cose of liis striking

/ an antelope the arrow penetrated thmugti and through *

|l Again, on the I4tlt of the month of Ibijab. ^far OAn iiad

J arranged a qauiHignh at Hawalpindi. I struek mth an

jp^ arrow a red deer at a long distorite. and was highly

delighted at thn arrow striking him and his faJling down.

I Tliirty-fonr red deer ond 35 qtira-qa^rS^i (black-toiled) antelope, wideb in the Hindi language they call cAiitti™, ati<l two pigs were also killed- On the 21st onother ; ■{aumrgah had been arranged within three ko« of the fqrt

^ of Ruhtas by the elTorts and exertions of HiKU l^han.

r had taken with me to tliia luuit those who wens screened by the curtains of honour (the iiiemberH of the zunHiinliX The hunt was a good one and emue off with great tcUit, Two htuidml red and white antelope were killed- Timsing on from Rnhtas, the hills of which contain these antelope, there are in no place in the j wlwle of Hindustan, with the exception of Girjliak oiid

! Nnndanab, red dcjer of tliis description. 1 ordered thent

j ’ The WOrrl hy bikI vliieh hu be«n - repeat

cODtinoaUy,* i« mieM-raiMV, and Cnkinc anelfriFtaid it to nuw that Jalkun^r hojieil to jirolmig hi* lito fay tliin exereue.

s ihr oAfl’t kiS titti fftr mtr i-tle The literal Irntleriiig

^ »;)piurc4»ly b i " wfaensTer an anlelcipo vju »trucfa liy faJm the arrow

entered iip to its (lliv atrow^a) keed.” Perhnpe tfae iq«atiin|[ Kimply la eroiy arrow {or fanllvt) that be afamt went home.

9

13U

to catch And MJiue of tliem alive, in order thj^t

posisibly KOine of tliem reach Hindir 5 taii for

bnecdinf,^ purp(>^\s. On the ilStli jaiiother I milt took plaet? hi the neij^dibourhood of Rohtiiy. In thia^ hunt aiwj in}’ al^ftcrs and the otlier ladfCM were with me, and nearly HH) red deer were killed. Jt told me that K^ains Kh^i, unclo of Jalftl l£lLan ^ Gakkhaiv who wa^i in that neighbourhood^ rjotwithstandinff his jjreat a^o took inutJi delight in hunting, Huch that youn^ men lind not m much enjoytiieiit in it When I heard that he wiu* well-diapu«ed toward.s faijins and det^ ialieii I went to hi^H 1)0X180. and hi^ dJapositiuu anti manners pleaded me, I boHfcovTed on him 2,000 mpeea, and the iwime fiuiii on liiw and children^ witli five other vilhigeM with large

receipts by way of livelihood for thenir that they might pA88 their daya in comfort and contentment. On the bth Slia^bau, at the halting-place of Chandalah^ the Amini-I- itiuani came mid waited on me. I was greati}’ pleii-Sed at obtaining his sockt}’’ again, for all the physiciausp Hindu and iliiHnlman, had made up tliuir minds that he would ditv Almighty in Min gnicc and mercy grantiHl him the honour of recovery; in urxier that it miglit be known to i&iieli as do not recognize His xvill thjit for eveiy difficult ill, Avhieh thma who look on the outside of only 111113“ liave given up os hopelesa,

there Lh One who is powerful to pro^ndc a cute tincl remedy out of His own kindne^H and cunipmsion. On the same daj- Ra}’ ll^y Singl),* one of the tnosb con¬ siderable of the Rajput Amirs, usliamed on account of the fault he had conuiiitted in tlie matter of RliUBrau, and who was Jidng at his home, came, and under the patronage of tlie Auumi-l-umara Dhtaimsl the good

^ JiklM KJmn wha a ^pnculMm of AtUju (Bkichmun, pji. 4^

aji;!!

■ Hifrn for icMHtliBr nqiiCQ of hits in Uw chfljkter on litu^l^t.

RXY llAlf $>1X011 OF RlKAlilU.

fortune of vraitinj^ on mu; hw offences wore panioiit’ii. At the tiuio that I left in pursuit of Iviiusniii

I had in full contideiieo left him in cijjiigo of A|:ni, «» that when the Imlie:* should be muit

for he might come with them. After the ladien were »ent for lie urciit for two or three BU«jes with them, and in the villnge of Mnthum, on merely hearing foolish tales, sepatwted from thcio. and went to his rnittvo pIjMe (Bikaiiir). He tliought thot ns a eonnuotidn hod arisen he would see w^bere the right nwd was, TJie luerejfui God, who cherishes His serviints, in a short time having armngetl that nflair broke the rope of the alliance of those rebds. und this betmj’al of hw salt renioioed a. burden on his neck. In order to please tlie AmEni-l- utiiani I ordeml the rank whieli he fonnerly held to be confirmed to him, and his jagir to remain as it wiui, I promoted Sukiumn Beg. who was one of 1113- attendants from the time when I was prince, to the title of Fida’t On Aiondajv the 12 th, a Imlt was made at the l^rdcn of Oil-ainiu, which is on the Inink of the river Ravi, I waiter] on my mother in this garden. ilirrJi ClliBzi, who had done approvini serrico in coiuinaud of the ftrui3’ at Qandahnr, v’aitorj on mo. and I bestowed great favour on him.

On Ttiesdaj-, the Ittth, I aiupiciously entered Lahore. The next day .111 r fOmlilu llali, son of Gl>iyAHu-d-diri Unhaimnad, Minniran, who was of the descendants of .^^h Nihiiatudluh Wall, juid his reapeem.* In tlia reign of Shflli TAhuiiisp there was tio family of such greatness in the whole countrs’. for the stater of the Shah, by name Jonish Begani. was in the house of (marriefl to) Mfr Xi’riiatu-ikh, the father of the Minniran.

’ Ooo rtf .fahlingtr’ii’ wieiw vm a. daughter of Riy Kiy Sii^h it/ tUliiutlrt Sae Qlochnuuin, p. 3]<X X Res R{«a, Cm. U. p. 694.

m

A daiif^hter who was bom to them, the Shah ga^ in iiiurria^n: to his own son iHinail Miriia, and milking; tho FHJiUf of tlirtt Mlnnliuzi sons-in-law, his youdger

daughter to hia eldest son, who Imd the sniiie aonm its his gniddfuther, Add cotiiiected (in luurriage) the daughter of iHiiiall ilirisA, who was boni of the luece of the SIuili, to another son, Itir titiAldu-Uah. After the death of the Shall, by degrees the faniiij wvni to decay, until 111 ihe reiijii of ^ah Whims they bceau^e oil at onte extirpated, and they lost the property and ulftMits that they had and could no longer retnoin in their own place. Mir l^ialltn-ltah came to wait upon rue. As he liad undergone trouble on the raid, aiwl the of sincerity

Were apparent frcua his cireinuHtaiices, liaeing made him a sharer of my unstinted fa vours 1 ga%^e him 12,000 iiipeiiia in cash, and pniiuoted him to tJie muk of 1,000 personal and 200 horse, ntid gave an order for a jagir.

An order was given to the civil departiaeut (c/funniyan) to confer the rank of S.OOO personal and 5,000 horse on my son IQinrmm, and to provide a jagir for him in the lU’ighlxairliWKl of Ujyain, and to assign the Sarkar of llimr FirTLzn to him. On Thursday^ the 22nd, on the invitation of Aimf iihan, 1 went with niy kdies to hh house and passixl the night there* Tlie next day ho prt^seutetl before me his own ofTeriiigs, of the value of ten lacs of rupees, in jew’els and jeivelled things, robea, elephants, mid horses. Some siugle rubies and Jocintl^s lUid eome pearb^ also m\k cloths with some pieces of porcelain from China and Tartaiy’* were accepted, and I tnnde a present of the rest to him. 3rurta%ii Khali fnxm Gujarat sent by way of offering a ring made of a ringb niby of good colour, auhatauce, mid water, the stone, the socket, and the ring tK-ing all of one piece. They weighed tanks and one surkh, which is ec|ual to one uiwial and 15 surkh* Thb was rent to me and mucli approved. Till that day no one had ever heard of

IISVOY FROM MECCA, MIRJCa ^azL

Miich a riii^ Liflviu? coiDi? to tlie h&iiriM of Any A siritrlo ruby hIk HurkliK or twq tankw nod

15 HUrkh.^.^ and of wljJeh the value stated to be £25,000p was also Heiit Tiie rin^^ vcm valued at the

On the .same day the envoy of the Sharif of Mef?ca canio to wait on me with a letter and the curtain nf the door of tlie Ka’bfth. Jle ahowed great friendship towarTls me, TJio said envoy liad bestowed on him 50^000 ddm, ef|U6il to 7,000 or 8,000 rupecH, and I resolved to send the Stiarlf the erjuivaleht of lOO.OM rupees of the precious things of Hindustan. On Tiinrwifty, the lOtli of llie month, a piece of the Subuli of ^Tiiltati W4ia nddod to the ja"ir of ^Elr^a (JjFUch though the whole of the ppovtuce of Tliiittah hail h^n given to hini in jagir. He was al-to promotefi to the rank of 5,000 personalty and 5,000 horwe. Tlie guvemnicnt of Qandahar mid tJie protection of that region, which \n the frtmtiar of Hindustan, wm ossslgned to hia excellent udininfstmrion. Conferring on him a robe of honour and a jewel I t’d swoiti I gave him hbi Ife^ve* In Hnc, ifinsa Gliazi pofssessef] pctrft?etioii ’ and he made alao good versca He used Waqari as hh or poetic name (Hf^z-i-rushati, Bhopal 12rt7, p. 455; also 3la’:^im-bnniaru, voL itt, p, 34T> Tills is one of Ilia couplets —

*■ rf my wwpmg i^liould mU96 htir to itrhai weEidcr?

Tlniiu^h iKo uloiai Hfwjv the chwlt of ihtt rtMe-lrnnh railed"

^ Tliere in eviiiQnlly wiufitKiaif Hmng ia tbs text, for m ruby ird^ng 41 pmrkhif ce«y not wrei^h 2 txeik* ami la AUfkIai. I.O. MS- iHl bu barja of ***rkA^ hat T *to oert krtew ^hat this meuiift. PsrkMjH

wttn iniviHlcd. TKipi nmr b eoaflftnKl hy ihs Iqhal tiinui, ju ni, mhich has *P.lK !.iH<!iL/ KisOtitie^s Mfi.

bIhd JmU Fklal/ atfcii ho tmEuIiit#) nia-sulfil mliy which wQijfbeil

two ftfUMD I.O. MSL afTt hiu f^rtAn, awl it in

that thipp Wonl, ahMi the h^rjn of Kc. liU, ia tbfl /«fn Jh ct wliieh eisans a !wgn]£at or facot.

• mmark alieut ^llru llhixf, and also tiua {|eotiaEioEV, 4o DdL ocQur in the two J.O. MSS.

m

klv DVn^A, iSnlK ^AN.

On the I 5tli llte oflTering pf the KhAnklsaiiaii was pre- U} me: 40 ekphwt% some jewelled and decorated veseielH^ ifipinc Persino robeis^ and cloth that they make in the Deee4iii and tlioHe pirti?. Iiad been »cnt by him, altogether of the value of l.i0*000 rupcefl. MJrssft Rnatani and most of the ufficediolderH of tlmt Subah had also sent good pfferingifl- Some of the elephants were approved. News of the death of Ray who was one of those

who had been brought up by tny rcv^cTOl father^ arrived on the 2 8th of the iiiontk He had been in attendance for forty years and more In the position of an Amir on iny revered father, uiitih by degrees, he liad risen in rank to 4,000, Before he obtained the good fortune of waiting oil 11 ly father, he was one of the trusted servants of Hana iJday Singh. He died on tlie 29ih, He was a goofl military man. Sultan Shah, the Afghan, whoHe disposition was tnrhnknt luid mischievoiw. pisstd his time hi the service of KhuKrau^ and had his coiiipkte intimacy, so iiiijch so that this rebel was the cause* of tijo ttmning awav of that uiifurtnnate one. ^ifter the defeat and cavpture of KJjUfnan he went otf aloiio {f) ^ into the Kkiria pf the hills of Khixmbad ami that region. At last he was made priwner hy JHr Muglmh the kamrt of that placre. As lie had been the cauJne of the destrnctioii and niJn of such a soiip I ordered theui to shoot him with armwH nu tlie plain of LuJiore. The aforesaid karori was proiuoted to higher rankp and waa digniiied with a grand dress of hoiiou^ On the 29th ghir KMn, the Afghiiii, who wna one rjf my old servants, died. One might say tliat he took his own life, because he was contimially drinking wine, to the extent tliafc in eveiy wuteh* he used to iJriiik four brimming cups of arrack of double strength. He had broken the fast of the Rama/An of the pvst year*

• BkgehmAna. |a. ^17,

■ Itit tlieio. MSS. Iiave

I\TE«VIEW WITH A SAINT.

135

iinJ took it into his liurtd ihla year that he would hist in the ijioiitli o£ Shaiiin qn neeoiint oE his luiviw^ broken the of liiLinji^iln^ nnd would font for twu iriuiitFns

tof^ijther In alwuidoniuj? h‘m iisnal crnttom, whidi ib a second nature, he becsunc weak and hia apptjtite left him, and becouiin^^ very weak he pasHed away in hia 57th year. Patronising his children and brathera according to tbeir circuniidanees, I bestowed on theni a portion of his rank and jagir

On the Ist -of tlio month of Shaivwy I went to vinit .Manlanii ^fubainniad Aniun who was one of the diwiriples of Sb^ihh Maliiiihd Kamai^gar {the bow-iiiaker), The ^aiklj AiiibmilrP tiientloned was one o£ the great men of his agCi and H.x\L Huniayun had entire reiianee on him, so iiineh ho that he onw poured water on his Jiaiid.s, Tlie aforesaid Manlaua ia a man of go^jd diBjKtsition, and in free, notvbdthstanding the attachiiienta and accideutH (of the world), a faijir in manner and ways, and acquainted hrokenneBB of spirit His

com piny pleiLsed me exctH!dingly. I explained to him Kome of the grief b tliat had ent^uigleil thcmseJv(*s in my mind ami Jn-^rd from hiiu good advice and agree- abie words, and found ijiyself greatly eonsoled at heajl. Having pnjHcnted him with 1,000 hJ{jkd and 1,000 ni|jees in CJlsh by way of maintenance, I took Icave^ Chie watch of <iay liad pissed on Sunday when I left Laiion;’! on my way to the capital I of Agnu Having made Qilij governor, Mir Qawainu-d-dlu diwan^ Shaikh

Vusuf biklisbiK and JamAlu-dHrlin kotwal, and pix^sented each according to hia circumBtaucea with dresiiiiirt of honour* 1 turned towards mj desired way. On the 25th, liaviug passed over the river at -Sultanpurp t prooi^edcd two koa and lialteil at Xakmlar. My revered father liad given

• PTojicrly Zalaa-dnUn ^Ishmad. the r^Gty m Badavfliilt Ranking, |i. riBil; A if Iwr-TiJinia ioiniiibit.iau* K t And fil whmiuiTi, p,

miJ tiqtc+

DKAtH Ilf WAKrHU-r.*Ml’Li;,

• 1

Sliaikh AbCi-J fail! ^ ^kl of the of 20*000 i

to build mx ^liibinkriieiii liotAveeti tlief 4 > two parj^nalm ^

and pixparc ii wAterfiil!. mid in tnjtfi I found a haltiii^- pluee oxOi^eiliiigly pieo^nt and fn^sL I ordered Muiz:zu-J- niulk, the jii^ciidar of Xiikodat* to ereet a Imildinj^ anti preptire n garden on one side of this eiidnanktnent* so ^

that wayfarers seeing it might be plcJiaed. On SaturdaVi )

10 th ^-ki|a’da, W who Ijefore 1113 " asceiif^ioTii y

Imd the good fortiino to serve me, and wilh Diwan of 1115 * \

(^tAblishiiivnt, died of diarrhiea. At the end of his life y

a son of evil fortune (lit. footsteps) had beoii ]K*ni in hk \

hpitaep who in tlie space of forty dii*s ruined* (Ei^kine has ^ate") b>th his father and mother, and who himself ^

died wlien he vrm two or three years old. It imurred 5

to me tiiat the honse of Wazjru-l-muJk niiLst not all at f:

once lie nuiitsi, and patrenising Mansur, his brother’s son, t

f gave hJm rank. ludraid* Le showed tio love to me (the seem of love did not come from him). On Hlfonda^-* =

the I4tlii I heard on the n^ttd that between Pani|mt and KaniaJ there were two tigers that were giving much treuhle to wa^‘farers. I collected the elephants and sent them oti: ^Vhon 1 arrived at their (the tigere") place I mounted a female elepharitp and oi*dert?d tiiein to placv the elephants round them after the iiiaiibor of a r|ftmaigah (encltKiureh and by the favour of Allah killed both with a gun. and thus got rid of the raging tigt re that had dosed the road to the servants of tltid. On Tlmnday.

y Id* tKTt kpcKS’ if ihh Lf BiaW. Thare ufiiwani to lue m lui^itkm. of tlw d*Ei!aroctlaa ia tho Akhnr-P&ma. Nakodor in tW JolAodUr >

dl^rEi;’! iLtS.p X. ISlir i^wf Up 31 7 ^ ri£rhK|^ thu two |*mU» mt *

Nikodar mpaiionfE in Lfi, m Johinglr tinUa ore th«e of MltipEu the Wn^m-I litulk nhd ha*! wifB, Ta^ak, iiji. li nod m.

• Khi^urd, Itt. ^aevonred/ A]i|Arvn% life fefm to tho fact of birth mit- * mufprtunje, tO. MS. |»| fwm nr irmM^r a pid«r nf l^wvrtl, onci lh« Ar S. Js;4 luu P^rr^i’-nufctor k ‘ tlie tnilk of hiit uwn ]

motbfer and rAthor’ I '

■ TtdA |i (fivfflii oa A quotation In Xo. IHL |

i

mn/l kkahhukh*0 (hildhes.

137

tlio I8tli,^ I halted at tX’lhi Awl alighted fit th<? n^Aidt^nce which Siillui KMiv^ the Af^diaii, had made lu the daj’B pf hia rule in the iiiiddlp of the river Jiiiiiriji aud ciilkd Salliii^dh. My roverecl father had jp’ven the pbee to MurtayJl Khan, who w?Ui oH^iially an in habitant of Delhi. The aforesaid Klmii hod built on the luar^in o£ the

river a tei-race of atone esceAsivol}’ pleasant and bri|jhk Below that building® near the water there waa made a ACjuare chmikand* with glazed tih?» by the order of fl.M. Huiiiaytin, and thoiio are ft>\v pla^^«^ wilh ntlirh air In the dayw Avhnn the late king Kuinayiiu hoiionred Dellii with hi A prtwence, he often oat there with IiLh iiitiiiintoif, and oasociatefl with the membera of Ida intseuiblies.

1 jiaaoed four days in that pbeo, and with my eourtiers and intilua tea eujo 3 ^ed tiiysielf with wine partieau Mu’a/^^ni Klnin, wdio was governor of Delhi, preiiented oheringrt. Tile jagirdara and citizens also nunle otieringH and pref4enta, each according to haii circuiiiatances, I warn dt^irouA to

employ aome da"s in a ^laniATgah hunt m the pargunah of

P^lam, which is one of the places near the aforesaid citj" and one of the tixwl hiint.iiig-ground#i. Ah it wojh represented to me tltat the (fortunate) hour for appnxiching Agra had come verj^ nearp and another proper hour wiah not to he obtained at all near that time, 1 gave up the intention, and embarking on boaid a boat went on hy wabw. On the ^Oth of the mozith of Xl-hqa’da four hoyn and three girls^ children of MirzA Slwlmikh. whom he had not nieiitioued to my father, w’tre brotiglit. I placed the \yoyii aniong my confidential HervantSp and made over the girls to the attendants of the lodJea of the harem in order that thej’ might look after them. On the ilst of the snine inotdii RAja Man Singh came and waitiid on me

• Thw hlsculil t>e Ihlf ITlii if Mondmv miw tba ]4Lh.

• Tiw: Actm to liuva like

A cbaiikkndi 11 Wm frotn ihn uf diw twiildlBg iIuiJl tf uculyHla fell

m

Simu^ THIRD YEXU.

from the fort of which 13 in the province of

Patiift urid Behur, after orden^ had been went to him six or ^cven times. He also, like ^lan A^zom, ia one of the hypocrites and old wolves of this State. What they have done to nfiC;, and what has happened to them from map God the knower of Jiecruts knows; poraibly no one could mention such another case (?)p The aforesaid Raja produced as oderin^^s 100 elephantSp Tiiale and femalCp not one of which waw lit to bo included among my private elcphjints. Ah he WOH one of thcae who had been favoured my father, I did not parade his olfenccs befoitj his face, hut ^dth royal condewcenwion promoted him.

On this day they brought a talking Joi {lark) which distinctly saJd ** ^Jiyon Tuy^’^ It wasj very strange and wonderfuL In Turki they call this bird

^BE Tnim) JTew Yearns Feast erom my Accehsio^^

On Thunrtlajp the 2nd ^i-l-biu*^ corresponding wHth the 1st Farwardin {19th March, lh08)p the Snn^ winch en¬ lightens and heatw the world Tvith its splendour^ cluingcd from the constellation of PisceH to the joyful niansion of Arit-s. the aViotle of pleasure and ir^joicingi It gave the world fresh brightnesw^ and being aided Ijy the Spniig dotlitd those who had Wn phiiideixd by’ the cold s4-a.iodp and tyrannJsed over by the Autumn^ wilb tile rolxts of honour of tho Kew’ Year and the garments nf cmciald green, and gave them cotnpensatiou and recuperation.

** Aj^teI t)D Xnl-Bcing ciLniE!i I be vcrkl’ii

• wLnt tlioa hut de^Dnrtiir^"

• Tn^r^f or ia ■ thnifih neefinlEiig to m*i wui the

tuims. of TStiiiir’* iHthcr, PtrlwjKt the Uiti wm iloo hirgfl tiMUHtf, th® BUlmnlj or Bhrlii4^J(r) of tlm Ay\n, Jnfrett, fn nil anti ncSe. Id Scully’ii If34»ftEirv\ furffhat is wd ta h® tho IojIl. Tlu? text arrau^^ tho wonL«fc diflimnily triKtiL ih® MSS, Thoy hov® J/iyrlu T^i*.

and Endtine tranaUiefi ^^-Lich mM Miytn TutL’ But

pfw4iti|y ilAMo^lr Ruamt that it clwly Uke a parroL

NEW YEAR YEli^T.

m

Tho of tJid New Year war hdl^l in the village of Hankatta^^ which la Hvo kti^« oJt’ (from and nt the

tiiiid of transit (of thd sun) 1 Hoatdd myflclf on tlid throne ’ivith glory and gladness. Tin* nobles and etmrtiers and nil the servants cmne forward with their congnstuhitidtia. In the same assembly I beatoAved on bJiitojaliati the rank of 5^000 personal and horstN 1 selected Khwaja Jahiln for the post of bokhshi. Ebsmissiug Wassir lihan from the Vixierahip of the province of Bengal* I ^nt in his place Abu-l-bosan x5hitiabyiAni ^ and Natti-d’din Quli liecame kotwal of Agm. Am the glorionn tnamiolenm of the late king Akliar was on the road, it entered oiy iiiind that if in passing by 1 should the jipwl fortune of

a pilgrimage to it, it might occur to those who were ahort- siglited that I Ansiteil it IjecaTm’ it wm the place where my i™d ei-os^sL I aceoiiliiigly bad determined that this time I would enter Agra, and after tlmt would gn on foot on this pitgrimage to the shdnep which is two and a half kos oH; in the smtu ! wny that the l lo/J^t (my tat her)* on accemnt of my births had gone from Agra to Ajmir. Would that I might also traverse the stone on my head 1 When tAVCJ Avatches of da^’^ had ptisaed of Sjituidayi the 5iU^ of the month, at an auspicious: hour. I retiimvd toAvarrls Agra, and scattering with two bainls 5000 rupees in ftinall eta ns on the- way* entered tin.’ august imtiice which wirs inside tho fort. On this da}" BAja Bir Singh L^eo brouglkt a Avhite elieeta to show Hie+ AJtliough other worts

• Siltunilm, AklrtfV tonib. Iibh lialfway Jurtween

KjinliiilUh imd Agrw, Tiefuiitluikr, r. the ii«aw ns Rniurt*,

anfl 7iAy^ it is n fipi^sdEta iilncv, ttH ROiu thei-e tOfik the tigiina ed PofM RStii. Jarrcltp lia« atnl It ^ thiins ileH«iribe-l wi

n an JiimM, near tlw^ cEl>% nml a mueh

of wurshE|L The Agm voIqeh^ <4 the X.VV P, p. 7t4,

it RunkutCd^ nw\ isiy* it miiSfis Agm, Eev also >rm*4gir,

ii. -W^T.art. fia’Jd K|iin, wlwtn Iffluitidn istiMifloQf Baakall* fttid HiUliUidd, «i3Jt filiic}Toinrtia 1^

• If TliorMiUy wm the ‘inil. SkwnliLy wmikl the Uh. Ho went hm. ta A^fl [roni Eiuiirhi^ apporently.

140

A WHm; CHKBTA. KLEPIlASm

of crcotiiiv^, iKrtli binls iiiid ha^‘c white vai’ietiea,

whicli they call I Ijftrl ntM-ei* seen a white checto.

lu* apotfi, which are (ilhiuiII} ) black, were of a blue colour, uud the whiteiies.s of the Iwdy wiwi alao itidiiiLTl to bluMh- iieiiH. Of the iilbiiio alll1|‘laI^? thiit f luivc Heeu tJiere are falcons, siMirrow^iawks. hawks (sAiA«iwJ that the^v tall ^ in the Feniinti lan;|fnaec. aptirrows. crows, partridges. Ruricaii, {Sjfh’iit oliva<^), and peacocks. Many

hawks ill aviarieH are alhmoa. I alsso aecu white

flying mice (flying sijuiiTela) and aome albiuoH nninng the black antelope, ii’IiJeh Is a species found onlv in Hindii^tan. Among the t-Aifalm (garelleK wliich they call m./iria in Pernia, I have frci|iieiitly seen alUnce. At this time Katan. son of Bhoj-Iinm. who w one of the chief Hajput i]uble.H, came to the comp and waited on me. bringing thrvs? eleplmnts a* an ottering. One of tliese wiis nmcb apiTroved, and they valued it in the ottice at IS.flOO nitieea. It was entered among my private elcpliatitw, and [ gave it the name of RatangftJ. The value of elephants gf the fonuer great Rajas of India ivas nut more than 25,000 rupees, but they have now ijecomo veiy- dear. I dignifierj Ratan with the title of Sarbiilatid Ray. f proniotisi Minin !?udr Jahan to the rank of .5.000 peisioiuil and 1,500 hoi-ge and ^Iuaj;!Miu Khrui to 4.000 personal and 2,000 horse. ‘AUlu-llah laiiin was pro«,oti-d to 3.000 and 500 boree. .Muaiflkr l£han and BMo Singh each obtained the rank of 2,000 personal and l.OUO horse. Abri-l-imsan diwnii had 1,000 and 500 honte rtimn<lu.d-d«ulah that of 1. 000 p..t>*»JUal «nd 250 hotue. On the 2,5th lUja SitmJ Sitigii, the matenial uncle of my son Khumiiii, came and paid Ids respects to me. He brought with htni Shyaiii, the cousin of the turbulent

THe

COM rL IM I>\TA RT VERGES*

141

UninL in truth Iw ^u\v tkill And Uiidt^rntandK

^■ell how to rid^ eh*phjnitH. KAja Surifij Siitjyph hnd limiight vrith hii3i a pc^t who wvotn vi?rsc in the Hindi tongue?. He tftifl Vtefore uie a poem in my ^vmm to tlie ptirpoit that if the Sun hjul ft scm it would be ahvflj’S ihiy and never would be night, ^xK-^nise after hm n^ettnig Hint son would ktt in hln phicse and keep the w’orld in light. PmiHe and thftnkKgi-ing to Ood tlmt God gave your lather auch a non that rtf ter death men should not wear Dionming which

in like the lught. The Sun lind envy on thb ftcoount, «ft 3 dpg, U’onld I might also Iiftve ft son who, taking my place, should not allow night to iipproaoh the world, for fmzn the light of yollr Hhiiig and the iUiiziiination of y^yur jiisiieo, notwithstanding such ft mbfortune, the spheres afo m* bright that one might say “ night had neither name nor Few Hindi verses af such freahneas of purport have ever reachefl itiy ear. As a imvard for this eulogy I gave him an okphiiiit. The Kajput^ call a j>oet Ch&ran (name of a caste w’ho are maiy of them poetsj. One of the poets of the age has turned ^ these acntimerits into (Pei^an) versa—

If the worhl^illnmi/iAtor IiaeI a *KKn,

Im nq iiJght i it ;

Tm- wliitn hlf* gakJ’Wiiriwd tmul was hMld#n KI4 4011 would dL^jtlnv hit tiAra peak,

TluinkiH tluiit after mich a fmiher Hmh 0 itCMi siLft in hui |iIi4oe.

For from tive deznu# of tkat kin^

Xo Mo biailo ktac^k rtboi for

On Thurjjday. the 8t1i }Iubarnuu. 1017* {24th April, lOOS), JalA^ln-d“din Mos’ud, wdio held the rank of 400 personal and was not wanting in braveiy^p and who in several battles had done great decile^ died at about the age of nU or 00’ y’ears of diarrhena. He was an Dpimn-cater, and uf^ to eat opium after breaking ifc in pieces, like

^ A|i|^irerilly a trounilatiati from lha HitviL

• TeJit wTongly hu lOH.

142

A ^iOTABLE

cheese, and it b ndtoHoii.s that he fre(|aently ate opiuiEi fron> the hainl of Iu.h qwii rnotheiv Wlicn his dLsi^juK^ ))eCBZiie AHolent atid thect? was a pros[jeet of Jus tk^ih, ilia mother from e^ocssive bvo for him ate more opium than Wfw right out of that which she iimkJ to give her soii^ and two or threo lKaui‘^5 aftor hb death who rIskj €ik<l I hava never hemtl of such aifocrticHi on the jjart of a mother for her son. It h the custoiu among the Hindus thal after tlio deatJi of tJieir hiLsljanda women bum theiuHelvi.^, wJiether from lo%’e, or to mv^ the hnnour of their fathera, or from Iting (kshamed before their sons-io-Jawj, hut nothing like this was over manifested on the part of mothers, MiisuJinau or Hindm On the 15th of the same month I pnsieiited my Jjeat horse by way of favour to iLija MAn Singh. Shall ^Abims had sent this horse with j!ft>ine other horses and fitting gifts by Minii^ihr, one of Jiis conJidential slaves, to the late king Akbar. Fmrn ijeing presented witli this luirse the Raja was so delighteii that if I had given iiim n kingdom I do not think he would have shown aiich jo}"* At the time tlioy brought the iiors<? it waa three or four yeura ohL It grew up in Hindustan- Tlic whole of tlie tenants of the Court, ilogliui and RjiJpnt togellier, represented that no horse like this liad ever eonm from Iraq to Hindustan. When niy revered fafclier gave the provinct! of KJiaudesh and the Suhali of th<t iJeccnn to my brcjther Daniyah aiid W4is returning to Agni, he wjiy of kindness to[d DmiiyAl to oak of him wliatevcr he desired. Stdzing the opitortunity, ho asked for this liorse, and accordingly gave it to hinL On Tuesday, the 20th. a report came from LsMiii mjAii with the news of the death of Jahingr QnlJ Kltfiu, the governor of the Snhih of Bengih who was my special slave. On ardount of his natural excellence iiiid innate niciiit he had been enrolled in the list of the great Amirs, I was much grieved at his death. 1 l.^:^‘^towl^d the rule of Bengal ami the tutorship

. /

144

“ ‘‘ w ’" A

ti - i: "

’ ^ NT OF * M?

to rriocu (^nJiiindAf jti uiy ]\if0-^’’^’^ laliliii Kbfth, ntift u* in’s pljic- t;nVf tliu tjowriimA^^oE tK<; Sr|! ih <.f yn-harj^ ;VM lilMUl (XJII of Alwl-1^). r: n of (UklPt^

whcliu I Jiasl >"nt f>tt i ilfitrip^ Uj iUurluift|jiir»

^-ftIi 111 111 Kiii rmtif ju^^lt*i^ wl i w^d 13^

li^Ti k O f ijqiiiik; I dr ori^’ t>f with

tell bitllfl, of to am him 1 t.rF^

to 4 i citron* iind ‘Jri^ to n ni >-uch 4 Ljal ]

iiotwitKstmiding ^^nudl itriii s&oiiii^ hfs

iniferit J fcTirtj

from Q[j£^ti eitriH nnti Irtnnj^lit a ftniniiil^

ft (or ItM fiice \vii?5 tf.\a™5?-!rki>“A 1

bjl^, ipjll thi- irhrlJi^ i^hApt^ Ufctfi Ilk’ thilt r^f ETAf5K5y^4pt i| limd no tfiil Ju niovi^ merits wer-e tiko tli’^i* isi tliv*

^1^k tttilk <•’ iiiunkev wbieli tlicv I’flll 0rni^h^ muni in iHl^ Ilimli liuig^iiagt. itf^ kidj*’_w 4 tr* tiki-

tlifit of ft voipij^ mntikf^y two or ta^^>e n-onfln^ oIO; tt

had bf^i rn ’«oth tlii^ rkrvx’^k for tiw- yrriri^;* 11

that Hi?:? anitftul wrmlii ii»5vor ^n>w liLrp;i;T. ffiod 3 j*

jiiiJk Tkiid It also pSflTitaLiiH. cr^‘iitiir.j njjj^Tiivd

v"t’ry ■^iniiigir, I nisJi^twd the nrttwtfi ““.o tak<‘ a likrin^Hs of it in vjkrioiL’^ kiiidH of lU”’. ll fotik^^ viiiy’ ngly*

iju iht htiJiM’ driy ilif . Fftrbtfin Biirli-? wft.^ proiiiot<Ml tc tJ^r raink i>f h-KK) ^^-jssaikl jiji! I.?iOO An

on Jar wfti given tfmt S!t 5 ’atidA* ‘ibrin ilh he

liud h’liched old ngy alter e!tertin;iJ liimtiL-lf iv^ r soldier Hhottld nwive a ja^or t i^uftl to 2,000 pa raounL [If l^bikn wim pnannti-’d Us tlie rank a t" TOfi personal and ijOO Ha >•*. The nuik of Intatn Klinn^ my hon yhrrwjiifh

I csnlU li-LAin liw wit-^ 0.- -r»n of lib f<wtar‘

bjrotViiir. fctftPfcATij;tr tj’mtl iiM-iti’isi * >^lik-s*’ mI itiitiiij^i.r,’ ^

^ TIiMl -od tiff A firtf * ^ * r«*. |f

• Of Jit Tho MSri. 1 ttk« yXf^ «|fcd Tbo

loist I* iNinfuj.it mmi Jmh- 4^ifaTt:r|cii tlw.Vnrl Ns?’ " licil’ into^ Wab*

• 111 # n xt cwTsijir ’ Blucimiftiuii Hi 1^7.

‘V

144

^ irAHHriOE.

^…^i AJKl 3,fHjfl ho,l^ ^TL

W.. i!!‘f

fu th. «ink .rj,onr. .“. 45^^’“’ *-l-d

stiTr UiJi^ (.idjjiiniii aniJ was nnl ‘““'^

til,. ,^„,T,vi of Ik-J*"”on !Lv Sli.Lui^iiHj-diii Klion, i«n of KUft 4 vai,, / <’*’’ ^iafiic

of i..n ^dfphnnta. aiaf. rf«ivia^; t li/^nkA J.5<)0 lior^. iva. tht, tk

-{^iilf ISiftii. a,uj £,ifflr t™!i..„f ,i ’ ‘Tdhmi^ir

P^r.^a,n\ I,CI«U W A. I WJ ,),

pn^,.nt) to th. iot«. of tb, Ra*

TwIh^I ^ (tapt^lrv). tb. JiX

b id tr (H^tji wtu. f tn the «.nic d.-iy ,t,y vS

.-1 diH i. tbe .is-t .J:/ hT

A^iXii th; ’ of tj…«… „t

^ J Jftjf, ak. tor ji lojig time bnfl bePti ju Turkev

iSL”"* T‘ 1“’’““ ““"““Um™ ,nj re^noiiB |,„„»J

xtirfcujh f-jniH-mr, wn.fe^ u^jt, ™

■nmaf ™D,|.rmJ lutkTv »d”!nr ““i’"™’’’”- ‘O’””

J m iutke>, anti \iJdiriiii BA^mid. the rnkr

‘A’L;

1

’’ 1 =V’

4 ^^,; * *™nK

KXl’EtUTKW ABAJi’jjT iUK iLvSS.

14S

fjf tlint pliict’, fell nlivu into liii* hnnds, he, lifter levying triliiiU- mill takiiig one ywip’is reveime, iletermvned to hiuitl buck into liis posiWBsioii the whole of the country of Turkey, .fust m tJmt time Yildirim BayaKld died, nod (TiinOr). Iiuving luuided over the kingdom to hla non 3Iii*<jt dielebl, ndunicd. From tiint time until now, iiotn-itlistmiding such favours, no one had come on the jMirt of the einjierors, nor haa any mulitiasaiJor been sent: lioiv, then, eau it now lie LeUeved tlint ttiis penmri from Miiwnnl n-ii-iiiihr should Iinve been sent Ijy the L-ntpeTOr f I could in no way utiderHtand the iiHkir, mid no oiiif could bear witness to the sccunicy of hia daim: I therefore tohl Idni to go wherever he might wish, thj the 4th Hiibi ii-t-nwwal the daughter of Jagut Singh entered the hariuii, ntid the marriAgc ceremony whs pcrfonnisl iu the house of Her Highness 3Iaryairi-7jmifuil Aniongst the things sent with her Ruja llJiti Singh were tiO

As I luid detenuiniKl to curnfuer the K/nu’i, it occurred to Inc [liut 1 should oeiid ^Jiiliniiat Khilii. 1 appointed fully milled caroliy niiiler able officers to go with him, and in addition 5tHl ahadis. :2,iXiO iijuskeUsfnj on foot, with artillery made up of 70 to !i0 guns nionnted on elepliants and caniek; 00 elephants were appointed to tills duty. Two uiilliou rupees of treasure were onlered to be sent with this uriny. On the IQtJi uf the said month .Mir Slialilu-lluh, gnmdsun of 3lir Xi*iiiatiidlnU \aKdf, the W’bolo of whose; cdrcuni-staticui and fiiiuily hwtory lias already been written, ilied of diarThren. In his iipfieamnce the traces of sincerity and derrishhood were uHiuifwft. if ho had lived and passed a long time in my service he would liave ristm to high ruitk. Tlie baklishi of Burlianpur had sent somo niungoea, one of ivhich I ordered to be weighed ; it came to 521 tolas. On M edncMby. the Itlth, lu the house of Maiyam-amiUd, the feast of the lunar weighing of niy -lOth year

U)

AX AXCItlS’T JAk.

vr^ Iwld* I ordered the riioney in vveijfldiig:

to lie dlvidtHl ELiiiQn^t women Jiiid needy |jerHOrLs, ihi Timrsdfiy. the 4tb Iljibi’ti-l ilkhir^ Tnliir He^^ the Imklisshi of the wtin giA’eii the title of ilakhliH Khitm

iiiid jlu11a-i-Tiir|iyj’al H’lio wan adonie^l with

excelleiioitw iiiid peefectlons^ and \yi\s ^I’ell ueiimltited with the science of history and genealogy, that of Jtu’amkh Khan. On the lOth of the sdiEio month. j^ven

Biirkhnrdar, the bmther of ‘^Abdq^llah Khan, the title of Ihihndiir I digriitie^i hint nmong his fellowtf. M fin in

Khan, i^m of Mihtar py>an^ presented me with a jug of ja^tper (jade), which Imd been made in the reign of ^[Lrm Ulugh Beg Gfirgun, In the hunonred nnine of that prince. It W’fis a, very delicate rarity and of a Is^^aiitifiil sliape. Its etoiie wan exceedingly wliite nnd pare. Around the neck of the jar they had cairvecl the au-HpieioiiM name of the 3i[lr/A and the Hijm year in charnclers.

I ordered them to inscribe inv name and the auspieJouH name of Akbar on the edge of the lip of the jar. ifilitar* Khitti vras one of the ancient slaS’es p£ thin State. He Jnid the lionoiir of sermng the late king Hnmaj’^aiip and daring the reign of my revered father had attained the /milk of nobility. He regarrh^d him as one of his con- tidential Hervants. On the Kith a fimiEin was issued tliat the country of Sangmin,* which had Imx^ii given for a yejtr by way of n-ward to riiy sou (/iiratjwi’) Islani Kllaii, should be handed over for the .Haiiie purpose for a year to Af^^l the go’^ornor of tlie Siibaii of

Behar. On this day I promoted ^^lahilbat Klian to the rank of 3,000 personal atid 2,500 hoisie^ and Yiiauf Sian, son of Husain Kban Tukriyah, obt4dned tliat of 2,000

^ wftMgly lu-‘R Th-Q huTcr Sha^tocip Knd tbLf ia

right. Sen Rli:iehmjiiaCt pfi. ‘JDE^^ ;dQ0i, and 51^

• is m kind of writiDg {Btochmann, pp. EMI. lorl). ,

• p. 417- Hh nuzau- iro.^ Anbiu-d.-dlx>.

^ This inii^t l» k&jA Sangram of Khitcthk|ibr, who hjd been m refssl Sotf SWhiiiien!i, [ 3 l 44a ftud not*.

At•I’Or^T3Il5^Tf?. THF KHAN’KHA^Ay. HT

jwrsomil lint! «O0 On the 24th I gave leave to

MohalMit (Oiaji and the Aintrfi and uicti who (lad beeti Appoints to sulxliie the FUina. The afonwAid Klioii wjis honoured m’th a robo of lioiiour, a Iicuw, n special dephaiit. and n Jewellrt] HwonJ. ^ifar liliftn. hai-u.^r heeti lionoumi with a standard, wiw pm«fiited with n [iKvnte mbe of honour and a jewellLHi dnsjfer. i^linj&’nt iilw) was piwanted with a fitandurd, nnd I gave him a nolle of honour and a speeuil elephant. Riija Blr Singli Deo received a robe of lioiKiur and n .npecial home, and Jlangll Khiin a home and Jewelled dn^fger Narityan Diia Kacldiwilhah. ‘Aii Qull Dannnn, and Hi^Ihr Kitiin Tahaintan obtained leave. On Bahadur Khan and Mu-izzu-%tiiulli the bahlishi jewelled dagRcra were conferred, and in the Hanic manner all the Amirs and leadens each one according to his degree, were honoured with ruyal gifU A watch of the rlny liad iHiaaetj when the Khiuiklianau, wlui hiul tx-eu selected for the high honour of my Atalhj tgmirdian). came from Bnrhaiipur and waited on me. Delight and liappiness laid so over- powercfl him that he did not know whether he came cm his head oi’ his feet. He tlirt’w himself bewildered at uiy feet. By way of favour and kindness I lifted up his head and held it in an embrace of kiadliaess nnd afli-ction, and hisiesi his face. He biought me as, olferings two strings of pearls and some rubies and eiiieraldH. The nUue of the Jewels was :|00,DOO rupees. Besides these he laid iieforc me many va1ub1j]i<

On the iTtli Juin^tdA-Uwwal Wazir Kiaft. the Diwan of Bengal, came and wniUsl on um, and otfered «0 eUtphniita, male and female, and one Bgj-p*^^” ’ ruhy. As he waJ one of the old servants and lie ix-rform^ evetj’ duty,

I ordered him to remain in attendance on me. As Q^hn’ KJnni and lii« cider brother. Islam Kban. could in no way

• TtfXt Qutblp luat I think ih? w^yrd u Qibtfp ■■

14 ^

PHESKNTS, AX A,\TEI,«irE.

kut’p the fMTnce togetlier, I had isent for the former to iny own presence; and lie ye#terda 3 ’ raiiK* and waitial on iiic. On the 2^Dd, Asaf Kbaiii made nie uii nfj’eriiij^ of tt nd^T tjf the wciffht of seven ttiuk, whkli Ahfi-1- ilfwiiii, his hruther, hiid bon^dit in tite port of CaiiiJiiiy for T5.000 rupees. It in of h la^antiful colour iind well- nliftpeil, but to luy Ijelicf is not worth more than lift,000 nipees. flreat faults harl been couiuiltteil by Dulip Ray. soil of Riiy Ray ljut aa he took refuge with my

yifi’Crtiif/ Khat) Julian his uHeuct’^ were pardoned, and I knowingly and purpwselj’ i]aas.i<i over Ids delimjiimicitw. Oil the 24tli the sons of Kbanldianmi, who hjui followed after him, arrived anri waited on me and pruducorl as an ottering the sum of 2.i,tl00 rtipeca. On the ‘urtiic day tile said Klian ottered !)0 clepliants. On Tliiirsday. the 1st JuimldAss.iMni, tlie feast of uiy solar year was celebrated in tile }iou.>ie of Jfarj’aHi-zatnanL .Sooic of the money 1 di%‘itler] among the ivooien, aud an onler was given tliat the lialoncc should bo distributed to the poor of th<‘ here(Utar' kingiloiiis. On the 4tli of the montii I urderwl the Diwans to give a jiijt^r, according’ to hm tank, of T.OOl) rupi^‘es to (Qian A’wni.

On this rlay a female anUdope in milk vraa brought that alluwed itself to be milked wdtb ea.se, and gave cvety day four seera of milk. I had never seen or heard of anything of the kind fcadore. The milk of the antelope, of the cow, aud the btitfab in no way ditfen;. They say it is of great use in asthma. On the 1 Uli of the month Raja Man Si ugh askid for leave to eomplete the armv of the Deccan to w’hindi be had been appuintod, as w’ell as to visit .4inber. Iris native placr. I gave iiini a male elepltant of my own eallurl Hijjij|3‘Brinast, and gave him leave. On .Monday, the 13th. as it was the anniversary of the death of the late king Akbar, in udditimi to the expenses of that entertainment, which are fixed separately, I sent 4,000 raja-es more to be divided umoqg the fn}im and

KHl’SH-lt’s DAI’flifTKIt.

HO

di^rviiihcH irlio are pivi^iit in Hip eitlightPiiid rii!iufif)|t}Uiij of the venerated oiip. Dii that iky I exaltwl Alidti-liiiJi, the «>n Ilf Kh’in A’jmiii. w’jth the litk- of Hurfaruj! Khaii, ftiid ‘AlxIu-r^Eiahiiiit son of t^tisiiu with that of

Tailiiyat Klkn- <hi TueHiky, the Iftth, f lient for Kiui-Hrmra djiujrhter. mid saw a eiiild so like her fatlier os no one ean rtaiienibcr to liiive seen. The iistroloj^-rs used to say that her advent would not be uuspiehms to her fatJier, but wnnld lx? auspicious to me. At last it kTaiiie kiiuivu tliat they had au^tun-d rightij-. Tiiey said that I xhoiild wfe lier after three years, I wiw her when she had pusoetJ this nwv. On the 21st of the month KhAiikhaiiAn determined to clear out the provijjpe of the XiaAnm-l- iniiik. into which, after the death of tiie late kiiifr Akkir, Bonie ilistnrhaiices luid foiual their way, ninl stat-sl in writing that “ If I do not Pompletc this service in the conrsc i>f two years, I shall he wujlty ^of a fault), on the coudiiioii that in addition to the force tiait had been allotted to that Suhah 12,000 more horse witii 1,000,000 rupees should Ixtxont with me.” I ordered that inateriak for the amij’ and the tnuixim^ nhould be fpiickly prejiared, and he should be desjxitched. On the 2Uth ^fukhtis lihAn, hakhahi of the iihodix, wax n[tpotnted kiklishi of tha Suhnh of the Occcan, and I bestowed his place ou Ibrnhliu l[u.xain Kbitn, the aiir Bahr* On tlio fst Rajab,

Khftn and Iviinull Kliiin, who belonged to the servants who were in cuimtant attendaii«> on me (riJ-sAfmix). di-.-d, Shati Taliinfuip Imil given Rishrao KJ;iiln «.i a slave to niv gram I father, and he was callixl Ma’ildat. When be was proiiioUxl ill the service of the late king Akkir to the daroghakship and snp,TtKteiidi‘nce of the /■n’rtJsAHijTJu:* {carpet department), he ohtaintsl the title of Pishniq. He wtix «o well uctjuainttKi with tlik (x-rvicc that one might suy it wax n garment they hall sewn on the -■‘tatiire of hix capacity. When he was 00 year^i old he was t]uicker than lads of 1+. Ho had, the good fortune

Idti

ACCOtxT or I’l-StiKAU kh.Tn.

to Merw my gnindfatht-r. my fatlu-r. an-i me. Untii lie brinthwi his last he was nover for ji moiuent vi^thout tlie

of whie.

Wijw FighinU want tc Um dLt!»t I i( |}jo ithgtU ^ HmeJt hl% fnwh -ihrouij \ *

He 1,500,000 nijH.*es. ][« \um one very jrtupid son, tiUltfl KrAjat (hi acKtunt uf hitt fathers clainw for Bcrvicca performed, I ;^avo the nnperintendence of Imlf the fa™«|,klumu to him and the otlier half to Tuklmiu,, Mwn. Kama! Kimn was one of the slovea ainwrely

KoJais

of IMlii, (in account of the gnat honesty and trust- worth mess t Fiat he had Himvni I m.ide him A«Jfc,U«d-^f (eh«f of the kitehc-n). Few such servants are ever met with. He Imd two sons, to both of whom 1 showed great kindm^ hut where are there othetu like him ? On the

t’ni? J l" ^^’‘^a’vont. who fir™ his

childhood had grown up in my father’s service, who had

toiight him every bit-atliir^r ^nd sound that appe-rtains to the Hindi language, died f„ the doth or 70th Lr of his age. Uiie of Ins girls (oolmubims) ate opium on this event and kilh-d herself. Few women among the irusuli.imis hate ever •<howii such fidelity.

It. Hmdiistan, esp.s.iaj|y i„ tlie proidnee of Sylhet*

the’tn’’‘i “ ft the tfistom for

the people of th.«e parts to make eunuchs of some of their

and ^ve them to the governor in place of revenue mother provinces, and every year some children arc thua

-I s!S:"«;:ro"Jr<LT ^ ^ «-■ i- .

*tv Smkli Ptnd Mnnkar. ^ ^ odpur I Thu

" BlochniiLnit, flli.

• Cf. JATnett^ ii^ j;,

mOM BENGAL. J^l

rtiiiitil unJ gut otf from |HT>erii‘fition. ‘Vhh pmctigg hm bggunjc ctmiitiioii. At tius huim I isHiied an order tliat hcix^iftei- xio ocig Rliquld follow tliis alwuiiiiablo cu.stoiu, and that t}itj tmriiy hi youii^ eiiniichjt should In> coiiipletdy done iiwjiy ivith. Iwlftiii Khali and tlie other governor^ of the Siihiili of Bengjil ^ect^iv^fd liniiji.iis that whQe%n^r ^ilioiild commit atich uet^ eliould lie capitally piinialied, and that they HliQTild s^tfiKe cttnock-^ of tender years who mipht I>es in iinyone^a pof^-st^ssioiL No one of the former kingH had obUtlm^l this suceim Pleawf Almighty Ciod, in a sh^^rt time thin objectionable pmctke will be completely done away with, And the traffic in eitnnclia being forbidtlcii, no one hIiaII venture on this unplca:mnt and unpitifitahle procmKling+ I prewented the KJjHnkhilJiAii with a I>fly horAe out of thof^o sent me by ghilh MbhTis ■ it wm the head of the t^Uible u£ my private horses. He %vas wo rejoiced over it thiit it ivoiild be difficult to dt^riUs, In trulii a horse of tbiw great size and l>eftnty lifts hardly come to Hiiidiistau. I also gave hmi the eleplunit Futfih» that is unrivalled in tighlingp with tvronty other eleplmnts. Aw Kigali Singh, who wiis accompanying Mahabat Kimn, p+irhirmed laudable sen’ic?e, and was wounded in the leg by a wp.utr in the Hght ivitli the KAniVs men, so that about twenty nublemeu of liis were killed and about made

captive, he wan promoted to the rank of 2.000 p^n^nul and 1,000 Jiorse. iJn the 14th of the some uiotith I gave an order for Mirza Qhazi to be cake himself to Qaiidikltar, A strange occum-iice wajs thjit os soon as the aforesaid llirza starttAj fn>m Bakhar for that province the news of the death of Sartlfir Kluin, the governor of that place, came. ^^rdnr KtAn was one of the pruiancnt and intimate attendants of my uncle Mubaiinnnd Hakim, and was known aw Tnkhta ^ Bt^g. I gave half his milk (the pay of it) to his sons. On ^Icinday, the ITlh, I went on

^ Blochnumii, p. 4i!ia.

m

AKIIAH S TOyUi AT HlKA>t!RA.

io*>t Oil my pllgriliiitwe to tlio maiL^jliEsuTii of

thf late If it Iwl lH]+>n j would li&vo

tnivt^rsefl this roiui with iny eyolftHhiiS Ami head. .\ty revered father, on /iqeoiint of Jiiy biilli, had ^ne i>ii hx^t on ii to tliv Hhriue of KltwajA Mu’inii^l-dm

Satijori CJiiiditi, from Fatl^pilr to Ajiiiir, a dmtAiite of km : if I xhould tmvetae thin road with iiiy hm€l and eyes, what should 1 have done ? WJieii I wan ds^iilied with the ^axxl fortune of making this pjlj^riuuij^^, J saw the buJldi!i;^ that laid Wn ereetixl in the e^‘nleter3^ It diii not powiis wp to my idea of wlmt it ou;(ht to be, for that would be apptrjved whirli the wayfarers of the world should point to ua one the like o£ which w’as iv>t in the inbibitetl world. Iniisniueh m at the liiuo of erectthe aforesaid hnildiiij: the atfair of the ill-starred JQiusitm took place, I started for Luhore, zital tlie arehitiNets hud built it after a design of their owna. At last a ceitain expenditure was iiuide until a large sum vvius exjjcndiHl, and w^ork went on for thr«e or four years. I onlcrcd that cS|ierieneTed architects should again lay the founda¬ tions, In ngneenietit w ith men of exijcrience, in fH^veral plac*w, on A actthxl plan. B}’" degrees a lofty building was erected, and a very bright garden was srraugerl mmid the bqilding of the sh^ine^ and a large and lofty grttewiiy with rnimirets of w^hite stone built. On the whole they told me the cost of this lofty ediJica was 1,500,000 rupees, equivalent to 50,000 current tumaus of Pei>ik and 4,500,000 khaniri, acc^Jtding tn the currency of Tdi^n.

Chi Smiflay, the 2Sid, I went with a band of courtiers who had not seen it to Itxik at the r&^‘rvoir in the hous4> of llakiia ‘All. like one tliat had lxs.‘ii made at laihon? in the time iif my father. The’ rctst^rvoir is 0 gax by fl gax At its side has Uien erected a w’dJ- lighted iMJtotn, the entrance to wdiieh is through the water, but the water docs not get inttj U. Ten or twa^v people could meet In it. Ha nuide an otfering of some

u\Kn\ \kiXb kivSICKvoiKh

m

df the taNli A lid thAt hfid iiccitiuuldt4.Hl’ in IiIn

Aftt-^r Ithokin^ ut the? iwiu^ mnd tliy eiiterinjii^ Cif H tuuijVCT oi cdiirtiiM’H I miwl him to tht^- rnnk

of 2^(>0th retuiiiL^d to llie t.hi SiiiMifi}’, thr

I4tli iShft’ljftii, thr. Khankhiiiiivn vtaa honoured with n jewelknj fiwotd for the Wrtiit, ft rntx" of honour, fuwl ft MjM’cifti elitpliiiiit, eiiicl ivu^ ^ven [oftve to to his duty 111 tJie iXctffti3. Kfljn Suraj Siii^li, who Wits uttiielied to hiiii ill that fftTviets ivim tuisisl to the rank of ^i.OOO purHOiml 04id ^,000 horse. As it wan aj^iii iNf^preseiited to lue tlifit oppjwsiois uft-H Ixfinw conunUtod hy the brethren Hiirl iitkoidftiits iif .^Jurtft^ii Klinn on the ryot^i and people of Ahimidjibud jii Giijurat, ixiid thai he wan uiiiihle pro|M?Hy to restrain hln relotiojiH mid [>eo|}le aVjuut liiin^ I the Silica h from him ami i^ftve it to

A’^lln tvliBlii, and it wits setlleil that the Irttter ?^^hiftlld attend at eourt, that lits eldest son Jalmii^r Qiili Khiin should po to Cujiirftl m liis deputy* The rank of Jfthitn^ir QiiIl Kjian was fixed at ?hf^00 [ier^>Uiil and 2,5CK! horse. An order wrm ^ivt«n tliat in coiiipany with Mohan Das dhvaii and Mas’fHl Be^ Hania^‘ui[ liakhsbl ho ahould cfirr}’ cm the huMjiiess of the piTivinee. ^rc>lian fMs warn promoted to the rank of 8fMI vrath 500 horscj and Mas’fld Be^ to ^Hth 150 horft\ Tarbiyat KiiAn, One of the personfti stTvante, was jjiveii the rank of 700 with 400 horse, and Na^rvi-lhth the sMiine. ^SilLtar Kdiiiii, whow cittnimstances \mxe Iw’en relatefl, died at thia time, and 1 prT>ifioted liis son MOnis ^iitn tej the nitik of 500 penflfjiiEil anil 130 )ior>4? On Wedn^^ay* the 4th ^[-[-hijja. IQniHrftu had a w>n bom to him by the dau^fliter of the KbAn Azanip and I jjJive him the rmine of Bnlaiid-akhtar. On the Uth of Ehe same month Muqarrab l^aii Hent a picture (with a report) that the

I moEi^jr eutield# litf ^uU prodaee kE fhi^ l4ni«^ (ElEii^,

Vi, aan.

1 S 4

TIMUft’S 1 ‘lCTrtlE. FiitiJiTK VKAJi.

of t,h»; FruiIch wjoi this, tlmt t)i« picture wiw tlmt of TiiJifir At the time wlicii Yildirljii BS_vmfd wivs Uiken prisoner by Iilh victoriouji untij’, n Nnxiirejie, who at that time wan rider * of Coiwtrtntinoplu, luni sent an aiiibnKUKlor with jpfts and presieiitft iti token of wih- miHHion and Hennee, and an artist who had ticen fwint witli the anilNissudor took his Jikene^ and brought it away. If this story were true, no iaitter ^ft could he presented to me. But ns the picttiK! luul no rcsenihlainje to any of his descendants I wan not satisried of the truth of the stAtement.

(S’he Foitiith Xew Year’s Feast afteb the al’si’jcious

A^.■CEssIo^^

Tile passing of the great shir tlmt illumines the u’Orld into th(? couHtellatioii of Aries took pliice on thtj night of aSatimUy, the 14th Zi4-hil}ft, in Hfjm laiT f2L^t Murelj. IdOy), and Xow Year’s I>ay that iiiiule hriJliJint ihe %vorkl began with good and rejoicing. On Friday, the

5tli iluharniiii, in the year WIH, nakim *AJi diecL He Vi’an an iinrivajled physician ; he )jad derived ninch profit from Az^hic Mcienees. He had written a coiiniienkir^’ on the Ciuioii (of Avicenna) iti the tlzne of inv’ rev’ere^l father. He hail greater diligence than utitler>itanding^ jaf4 ilh lihi appeanince wa^i better than lib diNpoHition. and Ida ac([iiire]neut>i betb^r than hia talenta^ 0111 the whole he Wi^jt liaddiearted. ajid of an oviJ spirit On the 20th i^afat I dignified Mlrz/i BarkhSirdar with the title of IQian They brought from the neighbourhood of Fathpur a water¬ melon. greabjr tliaii an}’ f had ever Kcmi. I ordered them to weigh itp and U came to SS On itonday, the

J9th Rabi^-I-aww’al, the feast of uiy annual lunar w eighing

• A|>|jAreDtty t|w jifirwiMi sjwkMi of An h NfUitrenfr (Ctinntiali) wa» ihifl KmfwTrtr of ConnLB4!iti rxopleL C^n thi^ jidclHre be tbe ortg^fuJ of that [irelixeci w- “SiVtiite ft. DAiii‘4y’ai tranjilatiDD ol TltFiLlr% InAtitnt^J

PARWIZ SE.VT Id Jll£ Dm-AS. 165

amiiigtHj ill ih^.^ iMiIacc of iny roveml uiottu-r; rt |>iirt of the iiiouey wan divided the women wlio had

there on that day.

As it lirtd been tluit in order to uiiny on the

Atfiiirs of t|ia Strtte in the of the Ikwan it wan

iiecesirtftry to !«‘iid one of the princes tliere, it tjiiiie into my mind to send my hoii Parwl:; there. I ordered them to 1^‘iid luH eiiiiipnientfl and Hx the hour for his ilepirtiin!. I HammoiicHl to Court Mahnbtit IQiitii, who had been nominated to the command: of the nrmy a^^tm^t the rebtti Rana to iiriiin|;e eertflin matters at headqiitirters, and appoiitU^ ill bis pbee ^Vbiu-JIali Kluln, whom I exalted with ttie title uf FirCLz-jang. I ^Alxlu-r-lbiyj&iiJj

hakhuhi to carry an order to all the niansabdars of that army not to depart fn>m the orders of the aforesaid lilmii, and to pay e^very heitd to his thanks mid liiaiae. On the -tth Jiiiiiada-l-awwal one of the ^mathenls, who are a pariicuhir trlV^e, laoiight before me a ^^elded ;^t that hn(i like a female, and every day sutficieril milk to take with a ctip of coffee. As milk is one of the fnvcaii-s of Allah, and the -^uree which noutHshei^ many animab, J looked on this stranj^e affair as an onicn for i^^cxirh On the (ith of tht? sAine niotith, having given him the milk of ^2,000 pi^HOiml and horse, I sent

lihnmiiji, son of ^jjian A’mih, to the government of the province of Sornth, which is known na Juimgadh (in Knrhiyawfnl >, [ lioiioured* [Inki in Sadra with the title of

.^]llKillU-z-Kr1illlAln and gave him tlie rank of 500 [TersotaU and 30 honse. On the 10th a jewelh*d waist’sword was Miint to Rtlja Man Singh, On the 22ndp hanng handed over 2,000,(MJO nipees for the expenses of the army of the l>ecean, which had been onieiNL’d for Parwiz. to a acpamt^i tre^asurer, 500,CKKJ rupthcs mon^ were given for

’ ?«rkapi ibfl mjefining ui «floug!i mOk Id l3tl m

• AeOOrdihjf ta the eont4?mfiarur^\ imt niKm^-iuowi, auitlKir ijiaMteal \n !^Uot, vl, 4*Sp EhS’f Wim ia rewinJ for revtoria^ the dghi of !^u<ir4v.

soK jahandah.

iiJ

tho privutt* expf uf Parwiz. On tlie 25tlj, Weddi.^ii3% Jnhj^iidar (hiH non), n’ho previously to titis had lfc?yn iipjKsinted, toother with Qtitbu^l-dni Khun Knka^ to 011110 uiid vi’iiitod on inv. In reality it bc’C-uniR kiioxink to iftif tliat ln“ was ii Ixini rlevoteu,^ As my njiufl wiiH tukon up with thv priiiMimtioiiM for thv Ut’ocan^ on the Ixt duiiiftiiA-l-akJiir 1 nnniniated the- Aiiiim-l- inimru ua hoH to that duty He \va» honounxi vvith Hie fjiv’our of a rolie of honour and a ho^sL^ Hatnng proiiioU’<I Kumin Chaiid, son of JA|pitinuth, to the mnk of 2.000 penustial aiul horee^ I ?4ent him in ctmipnay

T,\ith Parwht. On the 4th of the inonth 070 nhadi horse Were appointed with ‘Alxlndlah to the mjifiifttiince

of the army employed agniijwt the Jia’nia, One hundred horses were also despatehed from the government stabjt^ to be given jto lie thought proper to the maiisalidatTi mid alnidis. On the 17th I giive a ruby of the vnlm* of 4i0,000 rui>ees to Parwiz^ and another ruby vvitii twcs single pearls, worth about 4t>.000 rupees, tii lOnirmin, On Jfondn^‘p the 28th, Jagannath was promoted to the rant of 5,000 penmimi and bO(H) horn;, and on the 8th of Rajah, Ruy dhy Singh wan pn^iaotod to that of 4.000 |jersona] and il,000 lionR, arfd was dismissed for service in tlie IhfCcajL On Tiniraday^ the Oth, Prince Shahrijur from Oujarat came and w*dtiMl on me. On Tuesday^ the 4th, t despalelicd my son Parwlz *m the service of con- tjuering the country uf the Dectsam He wan preseiitecl with a mbe of honour, ii special horse^ a special elephant, a swords mid a jewelled daggen The xSardars and Aniim who were apiminted uith him eaeli accfirding to Ids conditiun received and were made happ 3 * with the favour of a horse, a rfjbe of honour, an elephant^ a sword, and a jewelleil dagger. I ap[miuteil l,IK)ft nimdls to be in

• Frobalily th« qieMifsg Is that hfl sas n horn

idiot.

PROJJIBITION OF Split I IS.

107

ntteiuljiiict’! Oil Pari^lE for tlio ,servit5tf of t!u^ l>t™ui. (Jts tlH+ NUJie ihiy iL rt’pryw^‘iitiUtOD mriui fn>iii ‘AlHlu-lliilt litian thrtt htivint^ pui’Hiitil t]w rebt?) Hfina into ili? hill cuimtry inb» phices^ he liarl e/iptart’d of \us doph^nt’^

and hopitw. Whon ciiiiio on he ha^l encftpL’d with

dilSt^nlty with hh life. Am lie had made thin^ go hard with hhij^ he would rtoon l-n* iokeii pr^ner oi- killed. I pfoniotLHl the said Khan to tin- nink of oJJOO and

Hr ramry of peatla. wui-th.lO.OOhnipeesi, was given to Parwiz, Ah I hfid given the province of KJiandeah and tkM^ar to the Nil id s->n, t also conferred on hini the fort of A^iTp iiik) :10<1 homes were sent with hijn to be given to iiliudis, iniin.^lxJam, mid vvluLauevor else he might consider worthy of favour, ^Jn the 2lith, Saif Khan Burha wets given the i-ank of 2,5(H) persoiml ainJ I ,^150 horse, and app^iintcd to the faujdamliip of the Sarkar of Mimir^ On .^Lnday, the 4th .Sliadiaii, an elephant wjis given to WuEfr }^nn. On FrIch^3^ the -22ud, I gave an unler tliat im hou/ and ^il;a (rice spirit) were injunoiiii, they Khniild iiat lie sold ill the baxara, and that gainbliiig should be abolished^ ami on this subjiiret 1 LssmaJ stringent orders. On the 25th they brought a tiger fiuris my private menagerie to tight with ft buJL Many people gatkared together to see the show, and a I mind uf .logis (religious mendicatilH) with them. One of the Jogia was luiked, and tiie tiger, hy Way of tiportn anti not with the idea of mge^ tumetl towardn him. It threw him on the grf>iiiirl and iiogaii to behave to liiia aa it wouki to its uwn female. Tlie next day and on several ocieasions the same thing tcnik place. Ah no Kiich thing had ever lieeii seen before and was exceedingly st^fln]^^ tlds has been recortied.^ On the 2nd of the month of TbuiiayAn, at the ret^ui^ of lalain

^ Thei Atorv I* told in th^ Ir| p. wh^^re It £fi biud Hut

tb4 l^aer w-^ one brought hy enJeuiior Asi a [irewnL 1 1 bail tiup njUR4 or Ia*\ Kk^n Ou4 wus v^ry Lome, h ii4 inlr|«nl ihe tij^r diiL no

injui^- to this Jcigi with hia islawH cjr ioetb.

Ai’l’OIXTJIEN’TS, POElitV BV JaMaXOIR.

lilt*.

KiAiJ, C}lil 3 -iU’ Kij/m %vaji pruiiKitt-rJ t*> tlw-’’ rank oE 1.50(1 peraoniil and 800 liorst”, FarldOji Barlas was pn)-

inot«(l to t1nf rank gf ^,500 with 3,000 horst-. One tliuiLsimd (olcha of pold and siher and i.OOO nipociH were ^veii in aIzuK on the daj’ of tiio proceaaioti of tlie sun into the constellation of the Scorpion, wJiich, nceortiinp to the ({BDora! HccepUition of the Hindoo;^, ia called the Sunk rant. On the tOth of that moiith «n elephunt wus present*-.! to ShAi, Beg VuKi * (? the panther-kfiei>er), niid Sulitinii.lJah. the Arab, who w a distinj^niiKhed jguii^ man and * relative (sajii-in-hiw ?) of .Miibilrak, tJie* ruler of DarfnJ.’* On account of wme suspiciou tliat Slpilj ‘Ahhoa luul entertained ngidiist him, Jie caiuo to wait uixm me. I patmiiiscd him. and «uvc tiTtii tlie rank of 400 pervHUil and 200 horae, AK«iiii, another force, eon^ taining 108 iiiansabdara and 41) uliadis. I sent after Pftrwij! for sen-ice in the Deccan, Fiftj- horaea were also entrusted to one of the servants of t!ie Gmrt to convoy to Pftrwiz.

Oil Fridiiy, the l?tth, tt certain idea came into my miml. And tldw rhymed gAucti/ protlpced

WhB! fibrnll I do, tor llifr arrow pf Josi af ]iiL> plvrccd my liver So tiujit llic jpvU) ovH BKit raidup^ nia Again may r^Ach naotlinr»

Thou nsovciit iw U freiydwl. ami liw wutM k tumiitil fpr tJiee. t barn rt 4 fl ^^et thy aye .nhoalij n»oh tn*.-

‘ Tlic liar« ‘Inivat.

• 1,0. MS. Va, I HI. iiiib Bejf Khin,

^Itin-Uuli b mcaciennl litor an (fi. 7SJ, and is rli»cri]i«i| bra ],«« of Mubs™!*, she Md t!« of i>,rfoL

“i»». P- M. shew >! i*. d.«rit,«i

UN rvUt of JayBi sfld gafiil (.j. But a MS. ..f tlu Ititdl-nsnui in

toi only memtoa^ Jpvm or Jflj-mi. 1 tliiuk JO™ unuit 1»

.rams or Janny, wUch. to Sir WiIKsm Jo„«. h odp pf Ifap

pf J^p,or tfirtrnsu (o„„ of ,|„ C™pm> LHlppds.J., “■* U s towp op the ™«.l pf Afrk.u

W . J«,« ws* LukM on Jobiipps,

l Ibo*] fsee bu worluK The IuInU-hAiiui hhj-j* thsL Salflinu-llBli iiiliod hiiitwlf wah dniik, T1 i(!« fit a j-ipn nafl« pf him in the JUVr, ii. wheru he fs calJeJ hj- hi» tf tk Pf Sibrtji ‘al S^iin. -sz ’ *

OF JAlJAN.

\m

t nju frBiiued at unlion writli my friDildv on?! 5ft iilofljMtr til liesr ntprsMiie^. AltL-i ffirr U»fr jfrl«r ttuif h*A aVrwrhielineii 1 I %’!• iiuul that I may nuJi on th£ iMilhl^tiy of m^tiliig :

Wdb for tba tiniD- that 1:irO[;l^]t me [Jie iiuWH \

Jnfwnj^ir, t|se titno for huinility oftil jtniyer bi ityrry nuirftEti^,^ t liftfris Lliftl siermo Hjrfirk of tijilkl nuk;|’ lakn

(Jn Siindjiy* the 15th, ] neiit iih aavhuq

to the IkOiise of tlie clikiighU^r of Mu^itlkr Ihitkiiu »fjii of Siilinn ^lu^iAtn ^flrart, Kim of IMhmm ^iOti of

Shah Iniiiai] ^fawl^ hiid ^Tt-en detofllldk-^ in niariing»f for ifiy soil Kiuriiun, Ou the I7tli of tlie month Jiiilialrak ttiiniii ^SarwrtJif wag hononri^fl witJi the rank of IpOfM) persurnil and i500 horse. Five thuUKatid ruiieea ^vere al>H> gfiven to }iiiii* iind 4,000 nipei4i to l.hijl Bi iin

the 22iid a ruby and a pearl were given to ghnhriyar^ One liiindred thousand nijx^^s worn given for the snlj- HiHtenee of the If^vinA^ia {wpeciat cavalry) who had Jieen appointed for likervice in the Deeoaii. Two tliounarid rupees were pveii to Farrnl^k fieg, the painter, who b nnrivailed in the age. Four thou^iand nipeHiis wt-re went for e^qiepditnre on Babii llasaii Abd/d. One thoiiHJViifl rupees were handtHj to ilujlii *Ali Ahmad Mtihrkati (engraver) and Mulla KriKbUkAn J^hTriUsI to espmd on tlie anni versa TV” festival of Ila^tut fjhMikh Salim at bin uiausoleiiriir An elephant was given to ^inijaiEiiiiad Hustiiru the writer^ and 1,000 mpees to Khwaja’Abiu-l- Ha4]f| An^rL 1 gnve orders to the hhvans that having miaeii the mnk <if MurtoKii ^lan to 5JK>0 perH^ina! and lioim’ they Hhnuld give hini a I orderk-sl BihiiH

Chand QanOugft, of thi^ Sarkar of Agra, to take 1,000 focitmen and eijuipment firiia the JSauiindarft of Agra, and, H.^ing their monthly pay, to send them to PnrwJK in the Deeeiin+ and 500,0f>0 nipies niotti were tivt^rl for the espeiifttsH of Pnrwir., On ‘HiurMlay, the 4th ^iaww’iVl,

1 The LO. Uftvo- B flidervnt lwfTi3, lo^UivI ftf ■o-very

raorniug * ttwy hava ’ irnew rhtttnility?/ Tlu? wof^l vtAr-^ in like

IfiHit lift# firolHlaly rtfor* Uk *TiiliaBgIr’« jtbim oi

ECLIPSE OF THE MUOX.

im

IhIuiii pTfliuotcd to the niiik of 5.0(¥) piii-Hoiitil

ond 5,000 horat. Abu-l-wali Beg Uxlieg to that of l.oOO niid ^{afiir Khfm to that of 2 , 500 . Two thoiimihil wen- givon to BJitlPn-i-ZAinAiii, of l^llrwi l^fihnikhr

ivml 1,000 nipeoH to PHtlmn Mi^r, I ordeied tiuit chiiniii Hhouh! !» given to all of them as tlieip rank had Ixjen mint’d to 3,000 arifl higher. Five tlsounfind iiiurt’

of the Tiioiiej’ from in_v weighing were eiitriiHtetl for the con.’ntruction of a hridge at Bill A Hasan Abt’lal and the building that ia theru to Abad-wufa. aoii of fliikim Abii-I- fatlj, ill order tlint he iiiiglit eiert hiuinelf and put the bridge tuid the tifomsaid ijuilding in pi-fcct order Oii Saturday, the 13th, when four giiariK of day vitre left, the moon hegitii to be ecliivsed. By degreL-s llm whole of itfi liody was obscurwJ. and it ccmtimieri till Hve gliflrifi of night bad ptViStxL In order to avert the Iwil omen of thin I Inn] my.‘H.’lf weigln^tl against gold, ailver, cloth, and gmiii, and gave away in aliua all kinds of animals, such as elephants, liomes, etc., the cost of all of which was 15,000 rupees. I onlercfl them to hv; distribottd among the drserving and the’poor. Cln the 25tli, at the reipieat of her father, I took the daiighter of ItMin Chain] Handilftli into nay service (i.e. miirriefl her). f gave an elephant to Mir FAzil, nephew of Jlir who had

been apjKiinted to the faujcUmhip of tjahiilah and thoae wgiona ’ Inayat-ullah was dignitied with the title of ‘Inayat Kdian. On WtKltKwday, the 1st ^i-hija’da, Biharl Chand wiia grantetl the rank of 500 personal and 300 horse. A ItloJ/mw ^dagger), adorn td with jewels, Vim given to my stiii Babft l^jiiirriiini, llulla lla_vatr, by whfun I lirtd sent a ines-sage to the ]£liankhiinan, with ii verbal iiK.‘wyige containing (expressions of) all kimU of condescension and atfection, came and brought before me a iiiby and two [learls of the value of about 20,000 rtipecH, which the KhiUikhanan had sent by hinL Mir Jamiilu-d-diti Husain, wlio was in Bnrhnnpur and wlioin

KHAS JAHaX LODI SENT TO THK DECCAX. 161

r Iml fon canie iimi wrtit^^ on me, I pre^fat^d Shaja^at FQiaii Dakhiud with 2»0(K) mpeeH. On the 6tb of the aforesaid months Ijefore Pam’iz arrived at Bnrhanpur, a petition came from the Khaoklianan Jind the Aiiiira Huit the Djikhanb htai o^‘inhled toother and were ■ dis^tarbances. When 1 diacovorcd tliat, notwith-

Htanding the Doininatiun of PnrwTz md tho army that liml prootK-ded with him and l>een appointed tq his fierviccp they were atill in nee<l oE i^uppoi^ and aHHlAtancep it occurred to me that 1 should ^ myself^ ancl by Atlah’a favoar satisfy myself with regard t«i tliat afiair. In the f] lean while ir [letitbn came also fruna Asaf lihln tliat my coining the re would be for the advantage of the daily-inereaMing State. A petition from *AdiI JiJbAn^ from Bijapnrp als^j came, timt if one of the trud;^ odes of the Court could be aip|iointed there to wdiom he eonld tell his desires and claiiua^ so that the envoy might convey them to me, he hoped that it anight Kwine the means of affording profit to the^ (i.e. hJneielf), On thin

account [ cousuLted with the Amirs and loyal Tnen, and -t<»ld them to represent w’hatever enWred iiitrj anyone’s mind. My son lihiiii Jalnlti repre^mte<j tliat inasmuch os so numy Amin4 had been despatched for the ccmi^uest of the Dcccan, it vraa not necessary for me to go in ptrrf«ii. If he wer^ urderiKJ, he hitaticlf would go and attend on the prince and would, plea^ God, perform tliU duty w’hilo Horving him. Those words were approved of by all those who were loyal. I Imd never con tern platerl separation from hi nip hut a.s the affair wjis an important one I nece^’^rily gave him permission, and ordered tliat m soon as matters Jiad been arrangecl he should return without delay, and should not remain more than a year in those n?giona On Tuesday* the 17th ^i-I-fja’dap he was free to go. 1 presented him with a j^peciaJ gold- cmbToidered robe o£ honour, a special hor^e with a jewelled aaddle, a jcivelled swordp and a special ebplnmt.

11

162

AtlEAKGt:3lKXT FOB KXFEWTION.

I alwi wave him a yak-taU stAndard ^

app(iint«d Fidii KUn, ‘’’>«* faithful

aervante. and to whom I guve a mhe of honour and n horae and his oipeiista, promoting hiiii to tlie milk cF 1 000 pemoiiftl and ^00 home, uriginal and I’Xtm, to go with !□>«« Jaldm, ill onlLT that if it were n^^ty to send anyone to ‘Adll KbAn uccording to hw request, he might despatch him- Unkfi Pandit, wlw in the time of the late king Akli’ir hiui come with oftermgs fmm ‘Adil SJbrfcii. I Icav^ to ^ Itbaui Jfibvn,

bcatow’ing on liim a horac. a robe of honour, and ^oney. Of the Amirs and wldfera wlio had lieen appointed with Abdu-llali lOian to the duty of beating buck tlic RAna, men sucli as Mja Bir Sing]. Deo. Shaja’at KMn, KAja Bikramfijit, and others, witli 4.000 or .u.OOO liors.-, were nominated to support IQiiUi Jaliiin. I Mu tamad

^ii’m witii the aiinouncement that 1 had innde him u snsuiwl <i.e* one vrho urges on olliers). and tliat Jio was to net along with Khan JahAii in Dijain- Out of the men of tl.e palace. I sent 6,000 or 7.000 home witii him, such as Saif K])au Bilrha. Haji Bl Czbeg, Salimiu- llah ‘Arab, brother’s son of Mubarak ‘Arab, who had in hh, possession the province of and DarfulC?)

and that neighbourhood, and other mansabdars and courtiem. At the time of giving tliem leave I gave eaoh one an inm^ of mnk and robe of honour and money for their expenses .Making ifuhaminad Beg pay. ™wter of tlie army, I provided him with 1.000.000 rupees to take with him. 1 sent to Parw iz a special liot^, niid to the Klrnnklianaii and other Amiis and ofliccre who were appoinbtsi to that Suljah dros«!« of honour.

^fter earrying out these matters 1 left the city for the pun»ose of hunting. One thousand ruiwes were given to

■ Se4 not# aboye. JBtra or lilftanil qf is- HiniUin.

Jqtrm in pnwlftlil/ J* nuiUJes fdr tiwj DvfOt is id iO’-

^ Iwjhly ^Hjr W righiU but mgst {cabe^Uy it ft pAi^urui

■ttAchod to UiB ^1r, for idilch mw Blochnuisa, [l

IG3

Slir ^Ali Akbtkr. As the RivbP Fii?l {Spring iml

arri^W, for foar any datiingo RhpuJd Ixappr^n to thu cultivation of tlic ryota fram the pa-^sagy of the ATiny, and notwithatanding that I had appointed a tffiTtsaifid ^ (Erskiiic (liiri Kor^tiio Yaaftwul) (probnbly a kind of pro V4>fttr innnfhal) with the Uind of ntiadi^ for the purpoHc of giiiiiding the tioldM, 1 ordcrcid certain men to hcc wliat dama^^ liad Ijccn ilono to the cropn from at&ge to titii^^ and jMiy coiapensjition to the f ^ve 10^000 nipeen

to the daughter of the Khankluinan. the ia^fe of Oaiuyah 1,000 rup^cfi! to ^Ahdii-r-Eah1iii Kliar (Lo. ass) for expetnses, and 1^000 to Qaebil the Dakliani^ On the I2tln Klifiin brother nf “AMn-Hali libJlnp receivnl the rank of 1000 pen^iial and TyOi) horsahp original and e:d:ra, and Bahadur another brother that of UOO personal and

300 horHc. On thiH day two aiitebpes with homH and one doe were taken* On the 1 Sth I Ijestowed on and nent to Kh an Jjilain a Mpeeial hoim% Having promote^l Bacil’u^sS’ Jifatimu, Hon of ifirrJl Shahnikh, to the mnk of 1,000 and 500 hoi>ie% I gave him 5,000 rupees for expeiisea^ and he ^^’ 2 ^s i^ait off “with KliAn Jalinn for acrvide in the IK^ccan^ On this day two male and three fcTnnle antelope were killed. On W(Hlneaday\ tlie lOtIn 1 killed a feznale ufitjaii* and zi black antelope witii a gtin, and on the 15th a female nilgaw and a chikiira (garelle). On the ITtJi of the month tivo mbii’H and a pearl were latiught to me by Jahangir Qull hkJtian from Clujarntp as well as a JeweUed opium hox* which Muijarnib Khan Imd sent from the port of Cnnihay. On the 20th 1 killcf] with a gun ii tigress and a nilgaw. TJiere were two eulisi with the tigress, but they dLsappeared from view’ in conMS[iience of the thicknCiSH of the jungle and the mmihtw of trees* An fjpder w*as given that they should search for ami bi’ing them. When [ rcacfied the

i

16* JAHASOia’s CHUILTV TO HIS SERVAMif.

hnJtbg’pkcti my son filiurram brought me omj of the cube, and the neit day ^lahalnt f^haii caught the other and brougtit it. On the 22ad, trlien f Imd got within shot of n. nilgaw, suddenly a groom (j’ffewrfai-) and two iwA<Jr (bearers) appefifed, and the bJIgnw <.>scnpcd. In u great mge I ordered them to kill the groom on the spot, and to haimtriiig ‘ the kohats and inouiit them on nascti and parole them through the camp, so that no one should again have the boldness to do such u thing. After this I niounhd a horse and continued hunting witJi Imw ks and falcoiLs, arid came to the halting-place.

Next day. under the guidance of Ishaudni- ,\In’[ii, I shot a large nilgaw. and promoted him to the rank of GOO IH’rsoiwl and 500 horse. On Friday, the 24th, Safdar (ihan. wlio liad come from the fsnhah of Beiiar, hati the gootl fortune to perform his obeiimnee to jiie. He presented as ollerings a hundred inuhrs, a sword, and hve fetnoJe and one male elephant, The male elephant was accepted. On the same day Yadgar IQiwaja of Samarkand came from Balkii and paid hiH respects. He made otferiugs of an album, some homes, mid other prosents, and was dignified with a robe of honour. On Wednesday, (Uh ^i-l-hljja. .Mu’izzn-I-imilk, who liod been romovtd from the pay- m^teiship of the anny agaiiwt the ruiiel BAna, ill and imsemble, waited on me. On the 14th of the said month, haling pardoned alt the faults of ‘Abdu-r-Rahlin Khar.®

I promoted turn to the muk of (ceatnrioii) and

20 horse, and ordered him to go to Kashmir, aud in

W«I, hot ha. tt

rul UlTf ^ i«s prfjr. Tho>«ek

• Thi* im. ik^”” “S him.

fttwl h k’ •**”• whowA^ a compiLaian Kliiuraii,

r ^

the nenoufeJ wn- t “^etlon. jmJ, licinif relesMsI, bccejns one oE 1^’ vT”*’ Msj«tj tiu by ticgrwi till. Isiter

beefttaegiaaou.toluin. iNmeol Seyjid AhietLl

NEW YEAR CELEIBRATLONS.

165

coQipany with this hnkhHhi ol that phict^ hold A niu-^^t^-r of the troops of <^illj And all tho jagii^iars and

UyiiinkH m tho Horvloti or not and to bring the li^, KJsh war KJianH ^^Oil of Qutbo.-d-dtn IQiaii, CAtne from tho fort of Rohtas and had the good fortune to pay his respcctn to inc.

(Tii^ Fiith New Vear’s Feast khum tke Ai’ariCKiusi Accession^

On ^Sunday^ the 24th ZL-UblU^ Ifarcli, 1610), aftur two WAtx:huA and three ghuris the suLii entered ii^to tho GODNtellatioii of Aries, which is the houne of honour and good fortune, and at this Auspicious hour tlie New Years feast was arranged at Biik Bhal, one of the villages of the paiganah of BAri, and according to the rules of my revered father I mounhkl the throne* On that momiiig, wJiich WAS the New Y’ears Day that lighted up the world, and eoiueided wdth the Jst of Farwardin of the 6th year froui my accession, I held a public reception, and all the nobles and servants of the Court Imd tJie gtM>d fortune to pay their respects. Some of the nobles’ offerings were laid before me. lihAn A’^ni gave a pearl worth 4,000 rupeoiif; Mi run ^ySkdt .Jahau, twenty-eight hawks and falcons, and other gifts; MahAbat Kbaii, two European Ijoxes^ the sides of which were made witli Blabs of glass, i§o tluit whatever was placed inside could be seen from uuteide in a way that 3 ’ou might say there was nothing between them ; Ki^nur Khan, twenty-two tiiflie and female elephants. In the same way each of the servants of the Court laid before mo the presents and offeringH that thty haiL NiLtini-llaln sou of Fathu-llah ^arbatchi (in charge of the ^arbai), was placefJ in charge of the offi^rings, By Sarung D^h who had been iippoiniod to carry’ orders to the victorious army of tho I^trccati, 1 scut souvenirs (tab^^rn^k) to

IBG

VISIT TO RpPEAS,

PiirwTz iirid to eacli of tha ofiicers^ I prei«ietit 4 .‘dl Hmriiinu-il-4m, mn of tjjiiizl lilittii ^ who had

taken to the ways uf a derviHli mid Heekisioiij with 1^000 rttpets and a /ttr/i Hliawi. Tl’ie day after the Xew Ymit’s T>&y I nioimted and started for a tiger-limit. Tw"0 iiialeM and a female w^ere killed. I gave rewarck to the ahaditi who liad bra very and gone m to the

tigers, and inenoaFted their monthly pay* (>n the 26th of the Kflme tnonth I went and busied myself iiioHtly with htinting niJgaw^ Ah the air wan liot and the (prop!tSous) hour for re-entering Agiit had nearly arrived, I w’^ent to KupMs, anr] hunted antelope in that neighhourhcHxl for some days. On Saturday, tlie 1st Miil.iarmm^ 1019, Rfip libawaw, who was the founder of Rupbrnc, pri^sented the offer! ug that he hail prepared. That which pleased was accepted and w’hat remained was given him bock aa a reward. At the same time Bayjizid Mankall and hia brothers, who hiid come from the Subuh of Bengal, w^ere honoured Aidth paying their respects. Sayjkdd Adam, non of Sfiyyid Q^im Barba, who had tome from AJimadabad, also hajl the same good fortune* He pre- fientefJ an elephant as an offering* The faujdarsbip of the Subah qf ^Inttaii was given to WaJi Bi Os^beg in place of TaJ hJiiAn.

On Monday, the ^Jrd Mul.mrram of the 5th year, I halted at the Mandakar Garden, which hi in the neighlxairhoad of the city. On the morning on w^hich was the aiisptcioiLS hour of entry into the city, after a watch and two gham had passed I mounted and rode on a liorne to the beginning of the inhabited part, aud when I came to the immediate neighbourhood mounted on an elephaut,^ NO tliat the people from far and near might see, and scattering money on both Hideft of the road^ at the hour

• lihfn one ol the officen of Akb&r. Hufubi his

nm WLM Hurraed to Ahfi-l-fa|lV niister* Elochnunn, p* 4^0-

(?A1JK-BOOK. presekts prom so rat.

167

thftt the astreiogera had chofton, nfter midday had pnasetl, entered wilh eoiijfmtulation and happiness the royal ptilace. In nccordaneu with the uh\»I eusienu uf the ffew Year 1 had ordered them to decoratfl the palace, which is like the courts erf heaven. After seeing the deconitions. Khwftja Jjdian laid before mo the offering that he had prepared. Having accepted out of the onuoaoDtH atid jewels, dresfws mid goods, u’liatever I approv<,’d of, I gave the rest as a reward to him. I liod ordered the clerku of the hontuig dejiartiiitnt to write out (a list of) all the auiiaals that had tieeii killed fro)!) the time of my leimng until I re-entered the city. At this time they represented that in 5ii flays 1,362 aoiinalRi (piaflrupeeLsi and birds had been killed ; the tigera were 7 in nninher; nilgaw, male and feinolc, 70; black buck, fil ; does and mountain goata and auU-lope (i^yA), etc, H2; hiUryj (cranes), peacocks, lUid other birdfl, 129;

fish, 1,023. On Friday, the 7tb, .Mmiarrab Khan came from the ports of Cambay and Surat, and had the honour of waiting on me. He had brought jewels and jewelled things, and vessels of gold and silver made in Europe, and other beautiful mid uncoiiimoii presents, male and female .A,byssinian staves, Arab hors^i, and things of all kinds that came into his niJiid. Tlims Ins presents were laid before me for two and a half months, and moat of them were plea-sing to me. On tins flay Jiafdar Khfta. who held the rank of 1,000 personal atifi .500 horne, liad an increase of -lOO personal and 200 horse, and was presented with a standard, and given leave to return to hiff fonner jagir, Standarils were also given to Kish war Khan and FuridCin* Khan Barlft-s. A hghting ihphHnt for Af 7 al Khan (Abn-l-fazl’a son) was handed over to his sou EishOtaii. to take to his father. I bestowed

• Bnhitlini tiuclw,

1 A K 0 « qC AkW’J! offic«r, MuhinmuHi Bailifl |BldcliwuLE4

jp|K M2 and 47«}.

163

AK ILLUMLVATED an ASSEMBI-Y.

1,000 rupees on TiliwiVja tlasniiii, i* descendant cjf Kliwaja Mu*f[ni-d-d5w Clii^tj^ as was usual for tlie half-yijar, Tlie Kliankliauaii had m^iit as an ofteruig a YiLsiif and jjulail^a ** in the handwritinnr of Mulla Mir ‘AUp^ witli illusttntioiis aiid In a IjOftutiful gilt biudin^p wrjrth 1,000 muhrH. This hia Wakih brotiglit and submitted.

Up to the day of culmination, which in the eonclusion of the Xew Yenr^H feast, everj^ d^y man}* offering?* wefe laid ttefore me h^- the Aioirs and servants of the Q^nrk Whichever of the raoties was approved of by me I acceptetlp and gave hack what was left. On Thursday^ the 13th* corresponding to the l&tb Farwardiii, which is the day of culminatbn of the mn and of gladness and pleasure, 1 ordered them to prepare an entertaiiiinent of different kinds of intoxicating drinks, and an order w’os given to the Amirs and servanta of the Court tlsat eveiyone might choose the kind of drink he atleeted. Many took wine and aonie mu/arriA (exhilarating drinks^ whilst same ate what ttiey wished of the preparations of opium. The assembly was Kaccessfdlly held Jjilianglr Qnlf Sl^n froTii Gujarat had sent as an offering a thmne of silver^ inlaid and painted, of a new’ fashion and shape, w’hich was pressented to me, A staridnitl was alw conferred on Maha Singh. In the commencement of my reign I had repcfttcilly given orders that uo one i:*liould make euiiuclui or buy nr escII tbemp and wdioever did so would l>e aiLsw^erable as a criminal. At thie$ tJnie Af/^l l^nin sent aome of these evdldocrs to Court from the Suliah of Bcliar^ who w’ore continually perpetrating this vile offence. I ordered these unthinking ones to be

imprisoned for life.

• *AII was & fnmouH Cftt,, le, 5^L Cttin

ttiir eo-m’ by J^luln^ir b« lhat in tbo BodlEiati Lihmry\ vhiah

Sfcr W, praised *j M^iily T A writer in JouraAi of the Mor^Erm InMtituta for J^niury-Mj^^h, p. IjWI, thut. the copy in in

tho Banklpnr Libnuy.

StIiANOK tlEATU.

m

On tlie nifjlit of the 12th an hticoiiiiuoii and wtraiij^i evfnt took place. Soian Di-lhi siiiyei* {yttufMitUiin., w?e Jamtt, u, 236) were Hinging flongs in my pi’eseaee, and Sayyidi ‘■ Qtiah wiiH, by wa)- of buHoonui-y, niiinickiiig a religioux dance. This verse’ of Ainlr Khunrau was tlic ref mill (T)itya7i-W<T’Wi) of the wiig—

**■ Edich iLtttlQfi la*A tbi riijfht rcMul df tniih rtfui itJi hlirlllfr

pT# iMt Up my httrina (gi7i/ri> mi ttR«- jMlh of liini with the eodtad

1 Oinked whrtt wftH the iiiititiimg oE tku (IftHt)

heniisftich- Slnllft ‘AJi Ahmad.- the seal eiigm>cr, who in hiH own craft was one of the first of the age, and liml the title of IQiallfa, and was an old servant, and with whose father I lind learned wiien I was little, caniu forwartl and said, ■‘I have heard from my fatlier tlmt one day ^nikh Xiaviiivi^d-din AiilSyfi had put his cap on the aide of hia head, and was sitting on a termceil roof by the bank of the Jtiinna and watching the devotiona* of the Hindus. Just then Amir l^iiisniu appeanxi, and the .Shaikh turned to him and said, ’ fhj you stee thia crowd,* and then he recited tiiis line:—

• Eftclk rwdA hft’t itJ right itwi o^ faith and it* no * (qililarg4hi>. The Amir, without hesitating, reapcctfuMy did homage to the Sba’lflj. addreaaing him aaid—

• I Vb ►wii up Eciy Khrinc Sll tK* directSon of him with, the HJck,m!l C4|k.

Tilo iiforvHoid Mullft, when thesfl worda wep& utteml.

and the words of the -seconti heiiibtich passtni over bis tongue, became seiwolciw and fell down. Conceiving

» The Iqbii tvMitm p. 41, Im* ** ^IcrTinh, » ■rtd

the K-A.S. hM Siiyyidl flbjiyyi<l, ShMyricI h u*».[ At j?. m frp

mma Aft ImiJOBtur. HAte, iperlwiiieip it would « Ikudban.

• ‘All fAther w as i^hollik HuAAtn. Sw Tiloelimiuin, p. JEl-

• It WAS tho bAthmg of thB Hittdu.-i iJiAt th<^ wpJnt was Hatching.

• Tkfl jicHnt of Amir Khtwmu’N hcroirticil W thmt fai/-lni/dA litnrAUy

lAjaAttA ^thif ftwry iMhI mm refute to Um Maul, wko liad his ^|i

Oil bis CAT or on tbo of lii» IwfuL But It a 1»0 otw who i»

prer^uml^UOiiS And httt* lirEt Uw true path of toligion. It aMo moafiiv According tfl SnHngttat^ a Iwloved jwrw>n.

170

GIfTS OF ELEl’HAN rs.

u fear from his pJoitVn, I went to him lioa<L

Momt of those who were pnisent doubted whetlier he hiii] not had im epileptic fit The physiciaiit> who were present distractedly made iiii|uii^^ and felt his pulse and brought ineditine. However iiiuch they Wat their hand:?^ and feet and exerted thcmHith-i^, lie did not come to, Iiniiicdlately lie fell he had delivered Ida soul hi the Creator, As his body was 4 iiihr WAriii, the^" thooght that posHibly Home life un^ht be left in Iiihih After a short time it heeanm evident that the thing was all over and he W[w dead. ^Hiey eamed Idm away dead to his own house. J had never seen this kind of death, and sent money to hia hohh for his shroud and hiirial, and the next morning they went him to E^lhi atKl hnri( 3 d hiiii ill the burial-place of his ancestors.

On Friday, the ^Ist, Kinliwar ICbum wJm held the rank of i,500p was promoted to 2,00l> |)erac 5 iual ami horse, and, having been pr^ented witli iin Inuj horse out of my private stable^ u robe of honour and a private elephnutp tiauitxl Eakht-jltp^ and the Faujdarshfp of the country of Uchp was dismisse^l with a view to the punishment of the rebels of that region, Bft3^aisrd ^^hinkali, having |>een honoured with a robe and a horse, was sent off together with Ills brothoi^ in the company of Kish war An

elephant from my private stnd. by name ‘Alam-gnman, was entnorted to Ilablhu-llah for Kaja Man Singh and Kent. A special horse was !*ent to :^ngd for Kaaho Das Maril^- and a female elephant was now given to ^Ankh lihan, tlie jagirdnr of Jalalafwl At tliia time IftikhAr Klmn had sent an odering of a rare elephant fmm Bengal As I approved of it^ it was entered among my private elephant’s. I raised the rank of Ahmad * Khan, who

• J-O. MS?. JSJ hm (Throne &t fortuiM-h

Ke<4^ [)i.^ wmA perliApn th^ fAthor of KArmnifi, one of Akbor’s Vrivqp, Blochmuoft, p aiO.

■ fllocbmiLHtt, p, 405 .

KAUKAH^S MlSBEKAVXOiTB.

171

hfwJ htm ndtrLiiintt^d to the coiuiimiid of the aniiy ui Boo^Hh on iiccoiint of liis g^tKid strrs^ice and that of his ftQiLR, froin hif5 original mnk of 3,000 personal and 1,500 horne by 500 more personal. I sent a gold tbrone * of jewelled work for Parwl/, and a mirpldif whicK waa of ruhieji and pearia, and made at a cost of 2,0^10 rupees, was mni for Ithtin Jalmn by the hand of Habib, mil of Sarljdituh libati. ta Biiriiaiipnr. At this time it became known tliat Kaukab^ Jioo of Qiuuar hml hecQino

intimate with a Sanyasi, and by degrees Ins worda, which iverc all bJaspheinous and impioua, made an inipret^ion OH tliat foolish fellow. He hud mode ^Abdnd-Latif, son of Xas^h lyiari, and Sharif, hi^ cousins, partners? in timt error. When this affair wuia ilLseovered, with only rt slight frightening they reveiikd certain circuniatAnees with regard to tliemselvafl^ the relation of which wonld be estremeJy disgOMting. Conflideriiig their punish in vnt jidvdsablcp I iiuprisoned Kaukab^ and Sharif after giving them a w^hipping^ and ordered ^Ahdu-bbutif a hoiidred laidies in my presence. This special chaalisement (waa given) for the purpose of isarrymg out the Divine Law in order tlmt other ignorant persons might not be dkpoHcd towardn the same actions. On Monday, the ^-^th, MiVa^^ui (ihuii waa dewpatchecJ to Delhi to punish the rebels mid dmaffecteil of tliat neigLihonrhood. Two thoHHuad rupees were given to StiajA’at I>ftkliani. I had ordered

^aildi Hiiaaiii Dat^lpim to prctcee^l with certain Hmiana to Bengal and presents to each of the Amirs of that Siibah. I now gave liim his orders and dcKpatched him. With an eye on his actions and hw approved services, I promotcfl Islfttn Khan to tli»^ rank of 5,000 iK^nal mid horsoj and lies to wed on him a special <lrei« of honour.

I qa. II signet I

• KAukab E.4 at the #itd af twelfth ytr Fcf

RfftiM of hi?i father sec BLficki&Bnnp |k iU’S-

1T2

A WllWW’a COJII’IJIINT.

I gave II spwiiil dre-Sft of lioaour also to KiNhwar KJjfiii, and ppest’iit«J RSja Kulyfiii with an Itoj hot^, and (fimilarly to the other ArntrH therti ivere ^ven robe,"* of honour or horses, Faridun Bari as, who held the rank of 1,500 personal and 1,300 harm.’, 1 promoted to 2.000 personal and 1,500 hutne.

On the niff lit of ilonday, the ]st Safar, throutjh tho careleasiK-ss of the servants, a fire ticciirred in tins

houwj of KJiwftjai Ahu-J-hasaii, and before tliey iiecatnc

awnre of it and the tire cuiild he put out many of his

properties were burnt. In order to affurd consolation to the mind of the liXiwaja and to make up for tlie loos he had sustained, I gave him 40,000 rupees. On Saif Kbaii Bar ha, who lind iiecn clicrislied and brought up

by me. I liestowed a standard 1 increased tin? rank of

Mu’ijau-l-mulk. who hwJ Ijeen appointed to the Ihwaaship of Kabul, from his origiiuil of 1,000 persoDal and 22.’> horse by 200 personal and 275 horn*, and dwnnW him, Tlie next day I sent a i/fial-hifdtv, (dagger) stwlded with valuable jewels to Burlmupur to IjE^an JahAn.

A widow woman complained that Mmjarrab Khiin had taken her daughter by force in the port of Cambay, and after some while, during which he had kept her in his own house, when she cnijnired for the girl Iind said that she had died by an unavoidable death, I ordered an einjuiiy’ to 1;* made into the affiiir. After much search I discoveroil tlint one of hw attendonLs had lieen guilty of this outrage, and Jiad him put to death, and reduced Mnijarrab ^an’s mansub bj’ one Jialf, ami made an allowance to the Vh‘ojuan who liad Ijeen tlins injurwL As Oil Sunday, the 7th of the month, a (an unlucky conj’udction) had (xsurped, ] gave alra.s of gold and silver and other metals, and ditferent kinds of Cereals, to faijirs and indigent people to Ik^ diridtfd hi most |jarta of the doiiiiniou. On the night of Monday, the 8tb, iiaving sent for §baJ!di Eliisain Sirhindf and

BELIGlOirS DANCE, PATNA DVTBRUAK,

173

,%aiKb MuAtafil. who were celebrated for the adoption of the ways of Jervishdom and the idnte of poverty, a party Wiiii held. Mid hy degrees the oHBeiiibly engaged waniiJy in and irtyci (dervish dancing and ecstftjpf).

Hilarity and frenzy were not wanting. After the meeting was over 1 gave money to (jach and gave him leave. As itirzA (ihftzl Beg Tiirkhan repeatedly made repreaeiitatlons with regard to pro^Haions for Qandahar and the monthly pay of the tnuaketeers of the said fort, I ordered 200,000 rupees to be sent there from the treairtiry of Ijihore.’

CJn the loth Hrdibihialjt, in the fifth year of my reign, corresponding wdth the +th Safar. there occurred a Htiange jifiair at Patna, which is the seat of goverament of the province of Beltar. Afi-al Kban, the governor of the Subah, went off to tho jagir to which he Imd just been appointed, and which was at a distance of GO kos from Patna, and handed over the fort and the city to tho charge of Shaikh BmiomsJ and GldySs Znin-kljani. the Diwan of the Snbah. and to a iium>»r of other man- wdidarK, With the idea that there were no eiieiiiica in that region lie did not satisfy hiptiself as he should have with regani to the protection of the fort and eitv. By chance, at tliat time an unknown man of the neimi of Quth belonging to the people of Uch. who was a ndsehlevous mid seditious fellow, came to the prumuce of Uijainiyya,* which is in the neighbourhood of Patna, with the look of a dervish and the clothes of a begg^ar, and having made aciiiiaintance with men of that part, who were always aeditious, represented to them tliat he was who had escaped from prison

and conveyed himself there; saying that if they would accompany and assist him. after the affiur had l«en cmnpkted they would be the ministers of his State. In

1 Elliot, 321.

• Ujjiiniy>’* here mciiiw Bhojjyafa

PATNA OTTBREAK.

ITi

whort, decesv’injj liliiipletdcL^ witli foolwli \voi*d» ho

brtiii|;ht thoni over to him and persuaded them thiit lie \vm Kliuj^rau. He J^howed dtfCt^ived otius the

parts about liis eyes, where’ at souie fciloe he had produ<iv:d fK4irK, of which tlie marks were still apparciitp uiid told them that in the prison they hud Fastened cupn (io/orf) on them and those were the inarks.^ Thi’ouj^h these fatselidods and deceit a nxuid>er of foot- and horsi?iiien had colleeted round hiui, and Imd obtained iiiFoiritation that Afr^l ^i^n was not at Patna. Considering this a great opportunity, they made a raid, niul wlien two or three hours o£ the day huei passed oii ^Sunday came to the city^ and lieing liiiidered by nothing went for tiie fort. Shaikh Haimrasi, who wan in the obtainin;^ news of thi.M, went In a di.Htiirlxd state to the gate o£ the Fort. The oneiny^ who came on wnth siKed did not give him tiiim to close tJic gate of the fort. Together with Qhij’fiHj be betook himself to the side of the river by a vvieket gate^ niid procuring a Umi pn>pused to go tt> Af?.al Khun- Thiise rebels came vrtth ease iiitn tile Fort and twk pim4<»ssion of Afi^al Khan’M pttiperty and the royid treasury; and some of thop^e wretched creatures who w’ait on events, who were in the city and its neigliltourhood,

• ApjunanLEy we nmy {nf-sr fram Lhii ibnl JolLun^r dal hlincl or t-o hlinil h» son l^husmii, thcai^li be Miyi* Doirliln]^ A\tout it why tibo^ltl thi-i hn|ja^t«r lirttcial tbftt hi tuiil irutrltH ol tins liiirtdirjjl? Tn^tsmier *aiyrt Khll,^rnu li]iiid«L Uu Jarric idso U4 tlutt Jdwm^r btimiErii on kw way imek fmm Knbul, wlicn

ho came to the where l^iiijimn hunt ^qoght the lialtia Ho m*

tiliiiHed: by Minfl Juice ol a pbnt tieing fsourtiiL into his eyi. TEm juice tfrHStnhiEwi imlit i MjjylorfijoJr Ona hbi capLa.Lns, wh Wa.-^

hIbd A juflge, WflA litowM bhiHlHl ftloop with W. Fittch,

too, of thl^ OntWk. He Aim myn thot Khn^taU waa re|nrE4d

to li*^ Ihho blioded oa tho Imltloficld with a i^lMSii. Andtlkcr wtixry WAS that chihnugir moroEy Oaumd a liamikoreluef to Iw tiad ow hU *>&• ami hu3 U Hc»led with h|A own ml It ih oHiiitinibl in miitewai n of thfl Power in p, IHB, mlo, thnl HfUmi

nlntivi^ of thD Kin^ of Onniii bu] l>e«n bllnaod hy red-hot I^Crtrl^ baivln^ hecn |iaM>ieil cCoab Io tlicir eyws

1>AT*VA OL’TBH^AK.

175

jaint’ti them. Thif* iiewH renelied Af/Jvl liliiiii ( Jonikhpur (KliiirnkpiiT); fliid Shflikh Baniira-s! ami QliiyiU* alao cumt* Ui Iniii there by Wrtj’ of the river. LrtterN ciui^e fi’oin tliu city that thui wp-ctch, ‘vIm catl«l hiniMelf KluiHrau, was ill reality not SiuiHrun. Af^al Khiin, phicin-f iih* tniHt on the ‘’nice and im.‘rcy of Allnh, mid thrt)U{;li my ycHxl fortune, wtarted witiiout deliiiy afjainut thoac relic Is. In Kve dnjTi he rvachcd the iicighljourliood of Pntnii. When the iicwft of Afjal ILLifin’M cominjj reached those HcouudniK they entrusted the fort to one of tlnwe whom they hflfi ccmiidehce in, mid the hot^ and foot iirrayirtg th(ijuselve,s went out for four ko» to meet Afwil IChiiu. A ti^ht took pliee on the hank of the river Pun Prm. and after a Kkinnish thu nmty of those ill-fateil

oiieM ivaa hrokcii and they la*ciitiie scattereil. In j^reat bewilderment a Heoond time that wretch was comiJit^ into the fort with a few men. Afs-nl Kiian followefl him, ami did not allow them to ctoae the gate of the fort, Goinir hj Af^l Khan " house in a state of confusion, they fortitied the house and reiiuiinud there for thrL-e watches, and fought. They woutidisl almiit thirty i>eople with arrows. After his compaiiionw Iiad gone to jr(An (lieU) he hiuiflolf became helpless, and asked fur iniarter, and watted ujxm Afijal Kiifin. In order to put a stop to thiH affair, Afj-,al IGiiVu o.swiitcd him on the same day. and Imprissmed sonic of his tompaiiiona who IukI falleti alive into hi« hand. Tlnise items of iiew.s oue after another reached the royal ear. I .smiinioneil to Agni Shaikh BtUiArasl and Ghiyfis Zain-khiiul ami the other innnsabdars who had made default in holding the fort and protecting thv city, and ordertsi their hair and beards

i K,|iLjmikpAr. TfeiD irriUHt.^n liorayjijHjr MSS., bnt

[ ihink It m clfflir ihul KWJt|iflr i Uae place mmAt. •Abfl a-r- Burmin hail Ut«ly g«t of Kharmk|ir()T in Thu ffcet, tM,

thftt ho fnaght wilh tho imiiwlor At to the eairt df Patna

fhow% that Jie coininft tJlO tiang*^

3

V

’t

ArPOINTllF:>TS. ACCOUNT OF KHASKHANSN. I

KiiAti. I st-nt Tflrbij’at TQiiiii to tlit" fuujdurHliip of tlio f

i^irkar of Alwn^ On tliy i2tli of tlie aanio montli j

a ropn^ontation arnv«l from KJinii Jalmii that tJie Khan- ^

khaiuijn ao^rdinif to 1113 ’ order, lind atartod for the Ouurt i’

in conipnny with Mahfibtit KiiAu. and that Mir Jaimllu-d- 1

dill ItuHuin, who had heoti iioniinated b 3 * the Court bu (■

jjo to BtJjipur, hud nlf(o j;oiie from Burhaiipur, togf‘tlier |

with the n-nhils of ‘Adil l^nii, to Bijtipur. On the 2 l.Mt i

of the aanie month I promoted llurtaiA Kiian to thfl V

tmhudrtrtjlnp of the I’anjah, which is one of t)ie InrgeHl ^

charges in 1113 - doiniiiioua. and gave liitu a apiisial ahawl I

appointed Taj Jihfin. who was in the Sabali of I

Multan, to the govemonship of Kabul, I added ,500 horse to the rank of a ,000 personal and 1,500 horse alniady held 1 ) 3 - him. At the rutjucfit of ‘Abdu-llah Khan, FiriuE- |

Jang, tlie sun of EAna Shankar was jilso promot(!d in rank- W hen Muhahat Khiln, adio had Iweii sent to Biirhanpur |

to iLscortain the nundjen* of the forces of the Amirs f

appointed to the Deccan, and to bring the Khankhanari, [

arrived in the iieightxmrliood of Agra, lie left the Khan- 1

khanan some stages otf the city and came 011 in front I

himself, atid was honoured ivith tho good fortune of paying his respects and kussiiig the threshold. After ;

a few do 3 ‘S, on the 12 th .lljaii, the Khatikhaiiaii came and I

waited on me. As man^’ of those who a’ere loyal hart !

represented the state of hLs affairs, whether title or false, J

according to their ideas, and I was displeased with him, '

because the degree of favour and regard tlmt 1 previously- !

Iiad observed tit his case and that I Itial Been in m 3 - 1

revend father harl not produced Its etfect, I did Justice in the matter, for previously to this a letter of app^natiiicnt j

to the service of the Lleccan for a certain time had iMfcn ^

given to him, and he had proceetk’d therr* in attendaiici: 1

on .Sul^n Parwiz with other nobles for that important ■ matter. After he arrived at Burhnnpur he had not i

looked to the opportuneness of the time, and at an J

xwSyKrrlNlN-9 misbehaviour*

179

iiiiprojKsr BiMiHon for iiiovinj/, and whm timl otht^r

iiL^t^^sarieH hail not laid In, he hod taken Siilttln

Parwiz and hiH forcejf above the Ghakn, and hy rlegreeA, hi oonHi.^uenee of ivanfc of concert anioiig the Saiviftrs and his trenchery, and of con diet in opiniouti, things had come to h’nch a pass that gmi]]i was obtained with ditHciiltyp and not a miln wjih to be got for lat^o mima of money. The ftdairH of the army beeariie so confused tliat not king went on properly, and horsws, camels, and other four- footofl bcastH dkxl. In consef^nonee of tho exi^^ency of the time be hod patche<l up a kind of peace with ttie enemy and withdrawn Sultan Farwl^ and the army to Bnrluuipiirk Ah thm biiHineKs did not turn out well, all the well-wlsherH of the State knew that thiH division (of cDiinoelR) and confusion ha^l arisen frotn tmachei^’ and want of arrangement of the Khanklmnan, and repre¬ sented this to the Court. Although thia appeared altogether incredible, at lost this impreseion was left upon my mind, and a representation ciune from Kbmi Jalmii to the etfect tlmt all this mischief and confusion had arisan through the treachery’ of the Khankhanan; either thb Borvioe shoidd be left entirely in his control or, summoning him to Court, 1 ifiihould appoint to this duty thia man whom 1 had loyaclf eherisiied and brought up. jind appoint ■^O.dOO Iiutmi to support this slave (Khan tfahitn hintself), in order that tn the space of two 3*ears^ jm™ig freed the whole of the royal provdace, now in the poAfK^asion of the enemy^ and having bmught the fort of tjandahar^ and other forts on the border into tiie occupatiaii of the scnanbi of the Court, he HhoukJ include in thi! royal dominionn the province of Bijapur, If he did not complete this service in that tlme^ he might Im <]ebamH]; from the good fortune of paying Ids respecU (to me) and would not ahoTV hts face to the servants of

A fort In thfl Dfloen^ ** nity nortli of Bl-dnr " (Elliot, 70)i.

m Af-rOlNTSlENTS. SULTAN Ul^KItAM/S ^lARElAGK.

the Court, When the rektiona between thi^ Swrclarn iind the KliankhaiiJiTi reached thit? point, I did not eonsidi-T it advij^ble for him to bo there any longer, and handed over the couimand to Kliiiu Jahivii and jsent for him to Court. In riifllity the cause of my disinclination and want of favour to him waa thiH, The degree of iiiclUiatioii and dLsinclirmtioii towards him in future will be in accordance wuth whatever laay become clear.

I faviuired and promoted Sayyid ^AU Bilrha, who is one of our dbtinguiahL’d young men, with an increa^ of 500 perHonnl and 200 hoi-se beyond his previous rank, which was 1,000 pcraonal ainf 500 horse, and Dilrah

Kluitn son of the Klumkhanan. the muk of 1,000 [sn-srsial and 500 liorae, with the Sarkar of filiazipur as his jagir. Previously to this I had had the daughter of Mlr^l Mu^tiar Husain, son of Sul^ii Eiusaiti ^fawi, micr of

Qaadahar, betrothe^i to luy rou Sultan ^U)urrairi. and on this date, the ITth AMin as the iiLaniiige meeting hail been armngeil, I went to the house of Elsha Khnrrani mid passed the night there. I presented most of the Amirs With robes of honour. Some of thof^o conHiied in the fort of Uwalior 1 releasc<l, ain^cspecially l.Iaji iliruk. (IhERhi Khan had collected lOthOlK) rujiees from the Mallei (directly managed) |jarganali!a. As he at the head of the army and the service, I handed this OA^or to hiia as a present?^ Giving a little gtild and silver and some of cverj’ kinel of jewel leiy and grain to trustworthy tneii, I detemiined that they should cJistrihute them to the poor of Agra. On the same day a report came from Khan Jahan that the son of the Khankhanaii, had obtained leave from the prince, and aceording to orders he had despatdied him to Court. With reguni to wliat liad been ordcml iii the case <if Abii-l-fath, of Bijapur, as the ahove-mcntionetl wm an e.vpcrienccd man, and his being sseut would cause despiir to the other Sartlarn of the Deccan to whom promises had been made, he

KEWHCi DAS. An^ADNAGAft.

\iy\d (then^fore) kept him under f^u^velilIlIlce.* An order hafl be<?n went thftt m Keghd Dan, the nqn of Kay K^ilQh (Oi wim in the namce of Parwr;;, if any iinpiMliiiieut nhould ocHQur in aetidinj^ him, he JnliAn) nhoitld denjimteh

him whether he viinhed it or nest. Immediately on tinH biwoniing known to Parwiz^ he gave him leave and liftitl to lihAn JaliAn t " The*e few words fron^ my moutli them wilt represent, tliat as 1 would give my existeoee and life for the Heodte of niy visible Ccxl (Jahaiigfr)^ wlmt ih there in the Iwiijg or annihilation of Ke^o that I nhnuld

show ail}" reHis^taneo in i4etiding him? When the}" (he. the king) send for niy confidential nerA-aiits for any reason it prodnees a feeling of hop^^le^saneas and dis^iuietude of mind in the rest, and becoming known in these tegioos gives an Idea of disfavour on the part uf otir lord and Qthla (plaet‘ looked towards in worship). As for the rest, it m Hifi Majesty’s order,’’ Fmm the daW on which the fort of AiimBdiiagar^ hy the efforts of my deceased brother Daniyah came into the possession of the heads of the victorious State, up till now, the guardianship and preservation of that place liad bt3on entrusted to l^waja Beg Mirza wlaPwas a rLdative of the asylum of

pardon Xaiimasp. After the disturbance of the

rebid Deceanm w^eiit to a great lengthy and they besieged the said fort^ he hod c^mmiltted no fault in the duties of devnteilnesH and holding of the fort. When the Khan- khkuian and the Amira and other lemlers who hafl asH^-mhled at Burhanpur in waiting on Parwiz devoted theinselvesi to the driving back and dofi«at of the rebek^ and from the dilferences of opinion and quarnflji of the Amirs, and the absence of provision of forage and groin^

• So m Am^wtuntly l^ln JAhAn^ raBaning thni if Ihh

ntLci ware nent to Agm (a-^ If to ba iiHni^hfKL] Urn other ]>ao«j!][l taAdarfi would be dijiqcHun^i^

• Tbe [4iit edrrapt, AppAreotl^ LO. MS. Itu OorgAU, mid thie

msy bava b«m Ka^hci tiOa,

103 SUKRESDEll OF AHMADXAOAIt. UUSTINU,

thoec who Iwfcwi after TOjittc^ni of lUipurtaDco brought this large nniij’ into improper roiuls and iimong hills iiud difficult posses, they j’u a sliort space of time rendered it wretched and impoteat, mid matters had come to hqcIi a jMUis and the difficulty with regard to grain wils such that they were giving a life for a loaf. They then tunied hack tielpicssly with their objects unfulfilled, Thegiirrisoti of the fort, who were expeetiitg aid from this army, on hearing this news, lost heart and stahility, and tumultuously wished to vacate the fort at once. When Khwilja Beg Jlir^Fi beuame aware of this he endeavoiirc<l to stNithe and (juiet the uien. but though he did liw best it had no good result. At last, under an agreenieiit, he vacated the fort, and procecdcfl to Burhaiipur, ami on the day iiiefctionid waited on the prince, Hepiwseiitatiuiis wdtfi regard to his coming rt^ached me. and. m it was clear that he had not been >vant!ng in bravery and loyalty,

1 ordered his rank of 5,000 personal and horse to be coiifirnud and a jagir to be gi%-cR Itiiii. On the yth u petition came from some of the Amirs in the Deccan that oil the ‘22nd Sha’ban Jfir JamAln-d-din (hisain hiaJ gone to Bijapur. ‘AdiI Khan sent his wakil fnrwatd for 20 kofl, and himself received him at a distance of H kotj, and took the Allr hy the same rmid to Ids own residence.

the desire to hunt overcame me, at a propitious hour dcteniiitied by the astrologera, w’heii a watcii aiid six gharfs Jind p»«»d on the night of Friday, the 15th Rama#n, corresponding with the 10th Axar in the 5 th year (of my reign), I started to hunt, and made my first halt in the Dahrah Clardcu, rrhich is near tho city. At this stage I gave ifir ‘Ali Aklrnr leave to go into the city after liestoaing on him 2,000 rupees and a special warm wrapper In order that the grain

and cultivation should not he trodden doaui by my men I ordered that all should remain in the city but the men who wen? actually wanted and my personal servants)

IvCLirSK. ilt!iMAXA<)KMKST JN DECCAN.

1&3

entrusttil the dini^e of tho city to Khwiytt Jniiiia [ gftve Jiiin Ills leave. On the 14th Sa’da-Hah lihflii, son of Sa’Jd Kbfin, wa» given an elephant tJti the 28tli. coms- flpondinp with the 2 lift Bjuiuvmn, forty-fonr clephanta, which Htwhiiii non of Qilsim lOi&n, had sent oh Jin

olfenng from Orissa, went produced liefore ine. Of these one ivaa very gocxl and tauiv | this oiie I put in my private stud. On the 28th an eclipse <of the auii, litsti/) took place, ill onier to do away with the uniuchineSB of which I weighed my self against gold and silver; it came to l,H00 tolnft of gold and 4,900 rupees. Tliis, along with several kiiidH of vegetablea and sorts of atiiiimls such as elephants and horstsi and cattle, I ordered to lie divided among deserving people who were unprovided for and helpless poor ofr the city of Agm and other cities in.tile llyi^hlK>iirhoOfL

Asa the attkire of the army which )ml been noiiiinated for the ?iuhjiigaticjn of the l.lcecjiii under the coiutiiand of Parwi?’.. and leadeniihip of thu Kluuikiuumn and other hijih Amirs such afl Raja Man -Singh, Anaf

lihku, the Amiru-himuini, and other mansabdurH, and other l^wieni of every tribe and eoudition, hod ended m this, tliat they had turned VjAck from half-way wid retunted to Burlieiupur^ and alt the oonfidential servAUts and news- iVTiters who spoke the tmth had sent in reportw^ to the Court, ttiat although there were iiiiuiy caui5e» for the ruin of this army, 3^et the chief reason was the disagreement of the Amirs, especially the treachery of the Khankhamm, it caime into my mind that 1 must i=w;nd liliaii iVmm with another fresh and ptjwerful army to iiiaka auieuds for and set to rights some of the improper prfxx^dinjpi that liad arisen from the tlisagreemeiit of the Amirs ttiat has been de^ribed* On the I Ith of Day he A’^ni)

was hououTed with the charge of thU duty* and an order was given to tho Diwans to make preparations and send him otf quickl}\ I appointed liJLian “Alatn, Faridnn

1S4 or KHXn KUNTINO.

Harl^, ViLatif lOian^ ,s4Jii o£ lluwiin ^iiin Tuki’i^‘rtli, ‘All ^irui Kiyil^fJ, Bkz Bj|)^ur QalniJiq, and other lUiAnsalxiaT^p wear to the miinber of 10^000 horse, to hirii.

It was settled that in addition to the aharliH wlio were appuiute^i to this duty 2,000 others should Accctupaiiy him, iuakiji|j; alto^ther 12,000 hor?iw. sent witli

him thirty laklis o£ rupees aud sevend eleplinrita, I gave him his leave and preKcnted I dm with A iiiaguideent drtens qf Iionourp A jewelled sword-ljeltj ii horse w’ith a jewelled saildlep a pri’^ate elephaiit, and 500,000 rupees for eKpenaes. All order iv41m given tliat the eliiefs of tlie dvil departnient shrmld recover this from his jftgir. Tlie Amirs who were under his orders w’ere liunoiired with rol>es of honour, horse-s, and pre^uta. I increased by oOQ more horse the iiiTik held by .lilaliiibat fibAii, of 4,000 per^jiial and 3iOOO honK% and ordered him to conduct Khiin A^miiu and this army to Buriianpnr^ and having etiqiiiraJ into (the cincouistanctts of) the destruction of the aniiy. should give the order of the app<jintmcnt of the Khan A’mtn to tJie Ami 114 of thoe^e regioivs and make them of one purpose and counsel with him. EIo w^is to ^tee the state of preparation of the army of those parts, and after arranging all matters should bring the Khankhiuian with him to Court On Sunday, the 4th Shawwah whm near the end of the day, I engaged in a cheetah Jiunt. I had deteniiined that ou this day and Thursdays no auiuLals should be killed and I would eat no meat, on Sunctay especially because of the respect my revered father had for that day iu not biting iuclinod to eat flesh on it. and in forbidding th^ klUiiig of any anlmaJs for the reason that on the night of Sunday hts own Iionourii^d birth liod taken place. He used to say it wan l>ettor on that day tluit all animals should l>e fret^ ftom t!ie calamity of those of a butcherly dispositif>u. Thursfiay is the day of my accession On that day also I ordered that animals should not be killed, so that whilst spirting

K3«C0UNTF:it. WITH A TIOEH-

im

I ffhoiilil not Klioot im nrrow or a gun flt wild nninmR In hmitiiig with eheetahH Annp RAj; who U one of luy dose atteidanis^ vcm heading the nieu who were with him In the hunt at a little distance^ from me and came to a tiw on which Kome kites won^ sitting, Wlien hin sight fell on those kites he took a Ixjw and some pointless itrrowfl {hikkd} and went towards them. By chance in the ndghl>ourlioDd of that tree he saw a half^eaten hulloek. Xear it a huge^ |.K>werfiil tiger got up out of a eluiiip that was near and went oif- Tliongh not niore thaq tivo gharis of day remained, as he knew- my liking for tiger- liunting, he and some of those who were wdth him Hiimainded the tiger and sent some one to me to give me the news. When it reached me 1 rode there at once in a state of excitement and at full speedp and Hkiljiv hQiivrrani, Biim Das. Itiinnd Ray, flay at Kiam, and one or two otlier?^ w’ent with me. On arriving 1 saw the tiger Htandiiig in the shade of a tree, and wifthed to tire at him from horttebock, but found that my horse was iiiiJ^teiidy* and disiuotmtetl and aimed and fired rnj gun. As I was standing on a height and the tiger l>e!ow’. I did not know whether it had struck him or not. In a moment of excitement I fired the guii again* and 1 think that this time 1 hit him. The tiger and charged,

and wounding the chief huntsmaiin who had a falcon on his wrist and happened to he in front of Idiii, sat dowTi agiiiii in his place. In thia state of affhirs,

placing another gun on a tripod,* 1 took aim {mttjrd^

• /Mto ifartur^ but tl wouM wotn from ihw Hp 231, fivo linw

from foot, ttuil «■ is ft Wiml ft Wj- of niBn.

Perhftiift it a ftfJmdt

« At [a. wu kftvfl Lh« ]i1traj» vmjrd fti^^ti^ to tlwi dirMtfu^

Oinnon thft InuiMinifft of Fort Ranttiftwl^bor. I cOHlean that

I lb not know whethi?r .Tftlifth|rrr Aral the guO itkit ™ on iHo rtmiiU Or

tho mw thftt KamSl Ifwdlecl. ^ . i ■

• g^rilhjpw ftewttiit rftEhpf lo nicftn iirf|ufttH tho tnpmlH

Tor frcmi whftt it ftppc-fttn tWt tho emu »ftA not then l^e<L Tlia

iqhki Euliiift. 47. hft* ^ «uppltsd iho mfttoh *{!J.

iSUBJECT CONTINVED.

m

All lip Kay 9it4XJ4l holding’ the 1131 * 1 , iipd had a swore! in hi-H belt and it bat<jn {hitHkii) hi his hand. Hiiba tibuniiui was a short dLsinmcie olT to iny left, and Rain Dtts and other .sei-vanta behind him. Knmal the hnntHiimn loadiHl the gun and placed it in

my hand. Wheii I was about to Jire, the tiger catne Tt>iidng towards m and charged. I immediately hrod+ Tlie ball passed thiimgli the tiger^H mouth and tneetlix The noise of the gun made liitn very sa-vagCn and the sert’antH wdio had crowded together could not ntarid hia charge and fell over one another, so that I, thmugli their pushing and shock, was nioved a couple of paces fnjin my place am! fell dow’R. In fact, I am sure that two or thrfjo of them placcal their feet on niy chest and piUHsed over me. rtiinild ItAy and the hmitaniaii Kumill assisting me, I atood up. At this uionient the tiger made for ihofte who were on the left-hand side. Aniip Kay let the iiist slip out of liw luind and turned towanb the tiger. The tiger, with the -satne activity witJi which he liad chargt^cl, turned on hiuit and lie manfully faecfl hi III, and struck him twn’ot5 writh Ijoth liands on the heail with the atlck he had in liLs hand. The tiger, opening his mouth, seijted both of Anfip Rays anus with it, and bit them so that lii-S teeth passed through Ijoth, but the stick and the bracelets on hia anm were helpful, and did iiotalluw^ Ins arms to be deattnytxl From the attack and pushing of the tiger Anup Kay fell down between the tiger’s fore-feet, 30 that his head and face were opposite the tigers chesi At this iiiomeut Bahft Murrain and Kiiin Das caine up to the assistance of ^Vnup Hiiy. The prince struck the tiger on the loins w^tli Ida sword, and Kam Das also struck him twice with his swoid, once on the shoulder-blade^ On the w’hole it was very wan a work, and IlayAt liJian struck the tiger several hh.ivi’?» ever the h eaiJ wi tli a stick he had in hiji hand. An ftp Ray with force dragged his anns out of the tigers mouth

SVBJllCT COJiTJNUEO-

1ST

nnd struck Win two or three times on the cheek with his fist, and rolliiig over on hia iside stmxl up by the force of hiH ktieea At the time of withcirftwiiig iiis artivs from the tiger’e mouth, as liia teetli had piwsed through tliem, they were pirtly tom, and both hi« pawn puwed over his HhouJdens, \i’htii he stood up, the tiger also stood up and w^ouiided him on the chest with his claws,

HO that thoflo wQUtidH treiihled him for some days. As the ground was uneven, they rolled over each other, holdinjj on like two wrestlers. In the place where I was stniidlng the ground was f|nite leveL Anup Rfty says tliat ftxl Almighty gave him so much intelligence thivt he hore the tiger over delibenitely to» one side (in the origiiial. that side), and that he knew no uiore. At this time the tiger left him and was making off. Ho in that state of bewildenueofc raised up his sword and follo^vcd him and struck him on the head. When the tiger turned his face round, he struck him another blow on the face, so that/ 1 x>th his eyes were cut, and tlie skin of tlio eyebrow’s, which had iieon severed by the sword, fell o%er Iuh eyes, ill this state of affairs, a lamp-man of the name of f^lih. as it was time to light the lamps, came in a hurry aud by a blind chance* came across the tiger. The tiger stnvckj him one blow with hi.s [law and knocked him down, To fall and give np his life were the same thing. Other people came in and tinisbed the tiger s hnsiticase As Anup KAy IumI done thbi service to me and I had witnesHed the i way in which he offered liis life, after he had recovered l from the pain of his wonnds and had the honour of I waiting on me, I bestowial on him the title of Atiiritl J

1 A|JIrtiitly Ihe mconitHf io timt lie rtHeJ thfl ti^^r ovr U the *iUe

furtliwtffoni

1 A’enijf. The p. i*. ih" aildit wm =litrk. iot »

thii lanptitrHier Wisely (« W«sll /*ll upo" the ^ ™ lolle^

Thin ti*?W hnia eml JiiltanBtr’l dsHgtr, rtfl.. are by Wlllism

Finch tFuK:hcU>* iai).

IS8

FISH I NO.

Singh-djiliin. AntnVii tliej’ cn.ll in the Hindi hingun^e the leader of an arm3% and the meaning of Sin^^h dalan in a tifjer-slaj’er. Giii"iit^ him a npccial sword of iikj’’ own. I increased his uinivtab. I «tive Kburniiii, aon of fihjin A’ami. who had been appointed to the ^jvemonthl]! of the pnorioce of JtinafjndJi, the title of Kiiinil IGiiiii. On Simdnj’, the 3rd 2E-lqa‘da. I employed inyaelf in &hin<j, and T0« fcth w‘ere caught; tlngte were divided ill niy presence among the Amirs. IMkiaii (f). and moat of the servaiiLs. I eat no «sh but thoec tliiit have scaJea. but not beeauae the prufeasors of tile Shiah faith look Oil those ii-ithont scales a« mdawfnJ, hnt the cause of my nversion is this, tliat I have heai-d fKnn old men. and it has became known to me bj’ experience as well, that fish without scales eat the flesh* of dead animal.a and fish with acttles do not «at It- From this cmiae, to eat them m contrary to my dispositbij. The Shiahs know* wh}’ they do n<A eat them and for what reason they corittider them unlawful, (hie of my home-bred cam. Is that wjis with me in the hunt carried five nilgau’s Hint weighed d2 Hindustani mannds. I luul before this wnt for XawrI of XishApftt, who excelled other men in the art of ^poetrj, and pimsed his time in Ciujarat as a merchant. At this time he came and waited on me. and imitating a poem of Anwarl,

*’ A|piin. whBt a.iul beauty thi^ ^ for the irnriil!"

lai<i iK-forv Iim a poem that he had composed on me, I prtsented him with 1,000 nijxws. a horse, and a rol* of honour m. a gift for this poem, f had also wnt for llakiin Ilamid Gujarati, whom ilnrtaai l^hhti greatly

./ Tr^h LO, 1st luM /Jn.‘AJayjB. i.e, pwiJo of th^

HAMiD, MOllK HttJfTlSO. IBlf

[imiM.’d. fliij lie ™i’ie on me. IIis fiood

ijiiiSLlitlus hikI punty were l>etter tlnin liis doctoring. He waited on me for some time. When it became knomi tbftt there was no phyKicinu hut himaelf in Gujarat, and I found he hiniHclf desired leave to I gave him and hia Hons 1,000 rupees anti some ahaw Is, and set aside a whole village for his inaiiitenfliice ; he went off to hk native place .luite happy. Ynsuf ^an, son of JIiLsaiu IGiaii Tukriyali. came from his jegir and waited on me. On Tlniraday, the lOth Zi-l-biija, was the festival of the (Jurbim (the ^eicrilice of Ishmael). As it is forbidden to take life on tliat day tTlin™day), I ordered tliat on the Friday they should kill the sacrificial animals. Having Hacriliceil tlux^ sheep with my own hand, I mounted to go hunting, and tetomed when sis gharia of night Imd passed. On this day was killed a nilgaw (cBiumoiiiy called blue bull) of the weight of II maunds and 35 seera. Tlie story of this nilgaw is written because it is not devoid of straiigeutiw In the two past years, during which I had tome to tliis same place to wander about and hunt, 1 had Khot at him each time with a gun. As the wound-s were not in a fatal place, he luul not fallen, but gone off, ‘flue time again I saw that nilgivw in the huuting.;^iuid {^^ihlnjah). and the wutclimaii recognized that m the two previous yeara he iuid gone away wounded. In short.

I fired at him again three times on that day. It was m vain, t pui-suei him rapidly on foot for tiirce kos. but however much I eserted myself I could not catch him. At lust 1 made a vow that if this nilgaw fell 1 would Imve hja tl^h cookfsl, aud for the soul of libwftj*^ Mu’liiu-d.din would give it to cat to p-wr people. I also vowed a muhr and one rupee to my revemd father. Swoii afti>r this the nilgaw became worn out with moving, and I ran to his head and oniertd them to make it lawful feut its thraat in the name of Allah) on the spot, and having hraught it to the camp I fulfilled iiiy vow os 1 Iwid ptopcaed, They cooked

MtOOTINO Of XILO.lW.

lill>

the nilgaii’, and expendtiig the rimlir and rupee on HWeetH. I iuisentbled poor mid linnjjiy people and divided them ainonjf them in my own presence. Tivo or three diiya Afterwards I saw another nilj^aw. However riiucli I eit-rtefl in3’4#lf and wished he wonitl ntand still in one place, iio that 1 lui^ht tire at hitn, I could get no chmice. With nij- gun on 1113 shoulder I followed Jinn till near evening iiiitlJ it ims sunset, and despaired of killing him. .Sudden 13- it cmrie aerws 1113- tongue, " Jiiiwilja, this nilgaw also is voA’ed 10 3-011." M3’ speaking and his .sitting down were

at one and the same moment. I fired at imrl hit him. and ordered him, like the first nilgaw, to bo cooked and given to the poor to eat. On Saturday, the 10th ?id-hijja, I fished again. This time about 330 fieli were caught. On tht; night of Wednesda3’,the 28tli‘ of the same roonth.I encami>ed at Ruphiis. A<i this was one of 1113* fixed hunting-places and there was an order that no one should hunt in the neighbourhood, a great number of antelope hod come together in the desert there, so much eo that they cariio int*> the inhabited pnrtH and were not subject to aiii* kind of moh-station, I hunted for two or three days iii thosu desert plains, and shot, and hunted vdth cheetalw many ante lopes. An the hour for entering the cit3‘ was near, making two halts on the way, I alighted on tlic night of ThurKda3’,the 2nd Muharnim, in the year 1020 (17th March, leH). at the garden of ‘Abdu-r-RoKisaij Ma*miiri, which is near, in fact dose to, the dty. On tins night many of the ^panU of tlic Court, such as IJhwaja Jahan, Daulflt hjian, and a number who Iiad remained in the city, came and waited on me. Iroj also, whom I had sent for from the .^ubah of the Heecaii, had the honour of kissing the threshold. I staywi iu that garden also on the Frida3’. t n that day *Ahdu-r-Raj9Eii<| presented his own offerings. As the, was the Ust day for hunting, an order was given

• Tlw itaa tiight^ but I Mlo’m lIiq J.Q. Ms. IN|.

OAJ|t>UAO. ENTHV INTO AOHA,

101

t\mt the (itimtion of the hunt mid tlw namU-r ol ammaU killfd should be counted up to me. Tlie^ time ot the hunt wjw Irnui the Uth of the month of Awt to the 39th lanindstinuK of the fith j’liiir, or three iiiontlw mid twenty (IsyB. In this time tij;erH 12, deer (f/fiifstm)

(jjfizeUe) 4i, (ho^f-tleer) 1 head, fawns 2 head,

black buck 68 head, does ill iiead, foxei* 4. t-iirdm decr 8, IHiUtl (?) 1, !>«>« S. hytenns i), harefl 0, iiilffaw 108, fiidi 1,006, eagle I, huBtaid 1, jxafowl 5, lieroivi o, paiiridges 5, brahmiul ducks (ein#di) I, S. d/tfl’ (?) I ;

tohi.1, i,4i4.

On Sftturtky. the 20tli IsfandiniiU!!, correspond ing to the 4th Muhamiin,! mounted an elephant and went to the city. From the garden of ‘Abdu-r-Riizzaii to tlie jialaee the distance in a kos and 20 foiintt. I scattered 1.500 ruiiecs to the crowd. At the lixed hour I entered the palace. The bazars liad been decorated with clotlis after the inamier of the Xew Year’s feast. Ai at the himtiug-timc an order liad been given to Miwilja Jahan to prepare in the (Zenanah) a building tit for me to sit in. the said Kliwaja liad in the space of three montlis prepared and brought to perfection this kind of lufty building, and with Mik’d hands (ill huiuillty) had done exceedingly active work. Coming olT the dust of the road I entered tliat Paradise- like building and went to look round that aliode, and it was very^ mncli to my Uate. l^hwajiv Jahftn wiis digniHed with much praise and comiiieiulation. The offerings he liad prepared were displayed to me in the same hnildiiig. ^me of these were approv«l and nccepU’d and the remainder presented to him.

(The 81 nth N’kw

YEAKS FEA.ST AbTER HT AUSPICIOUS Art’EiWlUN^

Two gliaris and forty seconds of day luai paseied on the Monday when the sun (lit. his honour the greatest star) entered his tower of honour, which w in the constellation of

m

SLXTir TIAIL APPOINTMKNTS.

Ariffl. ‘rijiit fifty wm the 1st Farwapdiii, com^ipondiiijj with the ^Jth 31til>iuTftiii ^ (2lKt ^Iiii’chp I ill I). The feiLHt of the New Vtw been prepared, 1 .^^ted luyiself on the

throne of good fortune. The Aunn^ And aH the .servantnof tin? Court enjoyed the good fortune of waiting on inej jiiid gave their congratnhition^ The ofletiiigs of the wervanta of the Coiirt+ ^[IrFiti f^adr Jiikan, ^Ahdu-liftli iQmn Hriu!- jang, and JahAiigir Qii!i Khaiip were laid before me* On Wi’^lne^rdAy, the 8th ^Enbft^^in, the ottering of Raja Kalyftn, who luid sent it from Bengal was laid before me. On Thursday, the 0th of the same months 8haja^at Khitn and S(D-nie of the iiiniisaMars, W’hu had come on HUiuiuoiiH from the Detcaiip waited on me. I gave ft. jewel!ed Wftist- dagger to KaKK^U|-\virdf Uziasg. On the same day the New Veara offering of JIuitiisiH Kjjiln w as laid before me. He }iad prepan:;d all kinds of things. Having inspectol all these, I took vvliat I approved in the sliape of vahaibJe jewels, tine clotliSp ekpliAiitA, and horseApimd gave back the nwt I pi\«euted a jewelletl dagger to Abu-bfatb Dakhani, rtipeiw to Mir “Abdu-llah, atidan Iratj hoi-se to Mmjyn Kham I increased the nuik of Shaja’at ¥^mu, wljich was 1,400 personal and 100 horstr, b}^ 500 perstii the Dccean for the purpose of sending him to Bengal to Islam Khan, in reality to tiike Ida place pennftni?ntly. and I entrusted him with the charge of that SuEmiIl Khw’ilja Aba-bhasan laid Ix’fore me (oa otferings) two i^ttbies, one rijyaJ pearl, ami ten rings.

I gave Im], the son of Kl^inkMniliip a jewelled dagger. The lank of Kim mini waa g,000 persimal ond 5p000 horse I I increased his pc^Tsonal allowance by 2,000, and

Jahlngir dow juat mtiiitkiti tluut it V^h in thh year that, lit married Nar-Johln. tmw Ikst Ob »w l>ny (IqMi [k 08 ), nhd it

frtrtii a TMrto of .rohaAK^r im p. |32 J B.il. M8, Or. 3!27G tliftt ha urnrHetl lier « Uih KlmirUil {uml of ilay, iaH|. Uyri^ ih Um I Id; that -ihe got Oic tiih of Xdr Jalue. that ^he koo^Ti

NOr MahoU. It wetaH .«tn that .Tahanglr msfried Nhr-kalian foyr yttir?* ana a few daya ait^si- h«r firat hwiIjiAmVa de*tli.

SIlAlI kmbasst;

m

that of JaJiAo, which was 1,500 pcrflcnalt

1,000 hdiive by 500pei;?$cnfifth 200 borne. Oti 24th Ituh^rmiii, iSth Forward in, the day of the ancciidunt^ Y^lg^nr ‘AIL StiJtAn ^ aiiiba^Hndor of SLiilb ‘AbbAn, ruler of Pemia^ who liad camo oil a viftit of cahcIdledCie on the dL’^flth of the late kiii^ and with SHUi^tiilfttionn on luy acccHKion, Imd the hanoUT of waiting on tiiL% and laid befoi^ me the giftA 8hAh my brother, Imd aeiiL He had brought good honseSp clotli stuHk, and every kind of titling prenent After he had prt‘^^^^Ilted the gift«p on the Baine day I gave hiin a superb robe of hunour ami JIO.OOO rupees, w^hich were ei|mvalcni to 1,000 PerKian tiimanH^ He handed me a letter in which were nungtriJ coiigruitulatioiis and condoleticea for the deat h of my revered father* An in the letter of <»iigtTittilation he expressed the greatest frieodshipp and oiiiitted no point of rx^ganl and concord^ it has pleased me to enter hero an exact copy of it.

Cf>py fif the letter of ^uh

** May the apHiiklings of the cloud of the grace of God am) the dropping of the favour of the Almighty inipart freshnei 5 « to the gardens of wonderful men and inventors (of new things) T May the flower-bed of sovereignty and rule and the mead of magniticence imd exalted happiness of hin Honour of heavenly dignity* of smndike grandeur* the king wdiose fortune irt young, of Satuni-liko majesty, the renowned prince, possessing the authority of the spheres^ the Khedive^ the world-gripper (Jaliruigir) and countiy* com^ncring sovereign, the prince of the exaltednesa of Sikandar, with the banner of Darius, he who sits on the throne of the {mvilion of greabiesa and glory# the poas^flflor of the (seven) cliinefl, the Encrcuser of the Joyei of good fortune And pit^sperityp adomer of the gardens of happiness* decorator of the rose-parterftv lord of the happy con¬ junction (of the planets), the optmer of the count^^nance,

13

104 LHITHH FR031 SHlit

the perfection of kini^hood^ exijotincler of the iii)^i^teri«* of the sky, tile ndoifimeiit of tile fiiee of leaniincf and in- Hight^ indent of the book of crcatiou^crompendiiiin of liumaii perfectioiLH, iiurmr of the glory of God, ckH’ator of the loft)’ soul, increiLser of good fortune anil of the btmeticent aeecD.^ion, siiii of the gnindetii: of tiie Kkie«p the i^hadow of tlic beriignft)” of tiio Creator, he yvho ha.H the dignity of JaTO^^hld among ttio ^itars of the liotit of hea^nen, lord of conjimetion, refuge of the worldp river of the favours of Allah, and fountain of uneiidiug mercy, verdure of tim plain of pnrit)^ um-y his lutid lilt, isiurface) guarded fmiii the calaiiiity of the evil eye; niiiy iuH fountain of perfection be preserved in truth, hi» desire and love; the tale of iiLs gfxxi i|ualitieM and benevolence cannot be WTdtten.

‘* * Tbs |i«d has not the to #xptre» tho sooret of Iqlto/

Although outwardI 3 * tlie distance (betw ecu us) prevents my attaining to the ka^kih of deaii’Op yet he ih tlie ^iMu/r of inv keen lunging for Kpiritnal intercourse. Thank God tluit by virtue of eswential oiiencKa thla Iiunibte ftupplicant and that pure xiursling of glor}’ have in reality been united to one another, Tiie distance of Hpacre and outward separation of the body not having prevented □eames.s of soul and spiritual uiiionp my face is ntill towarda friendj^ldp. and accordingly the dust of f^orrow hm not settled on the mu- like tiiin-or of ni}" mind, but it has n*eeived tlie reHectioii of the beauty of that exhibitor of perfection, and the olfactor}’ of ui}’ «oul has been ever scented with the sweet savour of friendship and love ami the nmbt^rgi-is-ptrrfuined breeayzfl of atfection and coticord, and spiritual fellowship and pttrpetiial union have rubbed ott’ the ruM fniaa friendship,

• I Bfit InriJLiici tK« in lUcrtijfbi, afui my tienn is si Fot thi* vh ftfl iiiMon iwt r-ottowre^J % wiiwotiaTi^s pwci.’

Praise be givtn to the nios^t mighty and pure God that the pljiut of the dcsinci of true fricndH hath borne the fruit

CONTl^fUATlON^ OF LFtrl:lL

195

of fruitioii. Sqcee^ tbat beattt}* who for

hiddL^n iM’hipd ttiK^ Ims by dint of hiinizlity and

AuppHcatiiun (it the throne ol the Almi^hty> come forth and ifiiinife-^ted herself fmiii the hidden bridiil ohainbi?rp iind II ray of perFecfcioj^ hrtfl been throiiTn on the plain of the hopes of the ejcpectantsi she has eiscended the uuspicionH throtie ftiid (Wilted hemlf beside the king who adorns the assembly and enliances the glory of the tribune of the king of kiiiga. Tile ivorld-oponiiig (Utaiidiitd of the Caliphate and rule, luid the sky’Scraphig uuihrella of jiistioe and world-sway of that creator of the diiultiiu and tlmmv, and that opener of the kiints of knowledge iind wiadoni have cast the shade of eijiiiti’ and Bovereignty and tueivy over the heads of the inhahitants of the world. My hope is that the chief of desire-grantors may make the auspiciotia ascension of that blessed rising of fortune hrighten tho cmwn and illuiinnate the thrones making it of good onion and prosperoiw to all and may the thinga tliat appertain to kingship and rule of the wmrld and the catLSes of dignity and prosperity he ever on the increase! For long past the custoijis of amity and the w’aya of intimacy, which have been in existence Ixd w(?cii our ancestors, and noiv freshly have been re-established fxtween this one who is bent on friendship and him who is intent on equit}’, demanded that when the good news of the accession of liini who siU on the Ciujgiinl throne and is the hdr of the proivn of Timur reachtd this fs>anlrj% one of the contidiints of the royal palace should be t|Uickly nominated to convey coiigmtu- latiouH, but inasmuch as the business of A^rhijzin and the conquest of the province of ^hirwAn just then occurred, and until my loving mind Tvas Ratisfied as to the afiaim of that province, 1 could nut return to iny capital, some delay tocpk place in the uccompliahiiient of this important duty. Although outward ceremonial oiiservaness and politeuessea have not niutii W’etght wHth people of knowledge and discernment, yet the obswcv^ance of them b* the obwrv’dnce

196

CONXlNUAllON OF LIJITER.

of the of fneiicLihip. Of thereforif^ at tbjB

aUMpiciou^ time when the attention of the iwjrvant’ii of holy (?) htLs beoa VhHtbdmwn from the &tlkirN □£

timt province, lA’Iikh liavi* Ix^ii arran^^ed in accordance with the de&irea of eny welKwiabera, and I am at ea^e in that quarter^ I have relumed and settled downi In my capital of iHfuhan, which is the pennanent seat of rule* Therefore 1 have despatched Xainaln-d-dia Yddgilr ^AJj^ who poasewses the attributei^ of nobiltty, m perFtfCt la sincerity imd fuliy teliable, wbo ia moreover of the nnmbcr of devoted servants and HufTa of pure design of our family^ to the moat exalted Court, that after he has obtained the good fortune to ^lute you, to condole with yon^ and kiMscd tlic carpet o£ bonour, and perfonned tile dues of inquiry (after health, etc.) nnd cougratulatioitR, be may obtain leave to return, and may convey to the ftincete mind of your vvell-wTaher the good tidings of tiie safety of your angelic person and tlie health of your temperament tliat ia of the bdghtiiesii of the sun and increases joy. it is hoped that the tree of hereditary friendship and assidnoiMnees, !iud the garden of intimacy Juid n^gard, both apparent and spiritual which by the irrigation of the rivers of affeetton and the brooks of sincere regard acquire grc^it splendour and greenness, not casting their leavett may set in motion the cord of intinuiey and drive away the miftfortune of estrwQgemeut by the arriml of correspondence, wdiich 13 the couimunicaLtion of the soul, and may connect by spiritual chaitis our vkible friendships and may favour the course and accodiplishmerit of business

" ^fay God Almighty give the osaiatance of the secret , powers to that living family of dignity and glory and that household of grandeur and good fortunix**

Up to tills is the copy of the letter of my brother Shah ‘AbbAs*

Jly brothers Siil^u Mur^ and Daniyol^ who had died in the lifetime of my revered father, people hod called

wEioirrs, 3rEA5tfni-:s, \xp coinaoe.

197

by fwveral tifltiu**, 1 ordtrijd that one of tliem fihould bii called iiiaghfur (the [uirdoucd prince), and the

other ^iihriida niurbfttu (the prince admitted to iiiercy>

I promoted rtituftdu-d-daul ft h and ’Abdu-r-Bazzat I Ma’rniiri,

a’ho each held the rank of 1,500. to that of 1300 , and incrcaecd the horfle-rank of Qaaini 1j|,|>An, brother of iHlarii Kkankhumn, by 250. I di|piifi«d Iraj. eldest non of the Khaukliaiian. with the title of Sljali-nawjii! Kbiin, and Sa’du-llah, Hon of Sa’id mian. with the appellation of Nawiizi?^ liiiAn. •

^t the time of luy acoeision I had inEneaaei! weights and meonarva (lit. yos), viz. to the extent of three ratia (ainall weight eijual to eight harlcycoma). in the weight of inuhtn and riip«^. At this time it wm represented to me that in nicicantile transactions it would be for the convenience of the pimple that niuhta and rupees should l)e of the same w’cight as previously. As in all iitl’nira the contentment and case of the people are to be looked to, 1 gave an order that from the present day, that is, the I Itli Urdlbihisht m the 6th year of my reign, they should strike muhrs and rupees of the foriacr weight in all the laints of niy doniinioi^ As before thi.s, on Saturday, the 2 im 1 of the month of Safar. in the year 1020. the evil-dhipoaitioned Ahdad liad heard that Kabul was deprived of an erament leader, that l^iaii Dauran’ was in the interior, and only Mu’iznid-mulk with a few sen’ants of the afonssaid was in Kabul, thinking it a good opportunity he (Ahdad) Wtnok himself unexpectedly to Kabul with a largo number of horsemen and biot^Holdiera, Mu^izau-hmulk, according to the measure of his ability, displayed actiWty, and the Kabulis and other inhabitants, especially the FarrauU tribe, barricaded up the iftrcets and fortitied their houia^ The Afghans with some guns ^me in to the streets and iMuars

• KMn jMurito «fl* >"> tliB lUWlva. of Kingiuhar (Iqbal, ailnu,

p. my.

• Tcit TTUflgly Q?ijlhlAb»fc,

1&8 PlSTUBltANCE IN KABUL.

froin difiercut diiwtionfct people from thfl of

their terrace*! aud hoiiWH killed tnany of thei^ wi^tchesi v^dth arrows and guiiB* and Bar^f,^ one of the conHdentTo] leaders of AhdiUh was killed. From the cM:rcuri?iice of this adkir^ for fear that the people from all sides and ijuarters should a^^lnbk and block the read for them to get out, giving lip their hearts and feet {in a state ijf distraction), in fear and confusion they turned bock* About 800 qf those dogs went to jAhanimiii (helJ)^ and 200, liaving caught horwefl, liiLstily escaped witJi their lives from that deadly place. Nad “All JlaidOjii, who was in Lahiigarj at last on the same day arrived tliere^ and puraued them for a short distance. As the distance (between them) was tqo great and his liand small, he turned back. For tlie energ;^’ he had shown in coming quickly, and for the activity displayed by MQ’kzu-btiiuJk^they sverc both promoted in rank; Nad ‘Ali^ who held that of 1,000 personal to ihut of l^oOO, and Mu iEzu-l-mulk, who held the rank of 1,500, to 1,800. As it transpirecl that glifm Drturftn and the Kabulis vrere in the luvbit of passing their da^^ in carelessness, and the repelling of the evil disposition of Abdad had taken a long time, it oocufTCii to me that m the Khankhaiian wim without employment 1 might appoint him and bis isoas to this duty. Soon after this idea occurred Qilij l^han^ to Huiuiuun wdioni a timian hod already been lasueil, came fram the Panjab and oinained the lionour of an audience. It became e\H(Iciit from the forehead of his circmristances (hiis nmimer) tlmt he was annoyed at tiie duty of driving back the iLL-dispositioned Ahdild being assigned to ijliankhanan. As he faithfully promised to take up this duty^ it was settled that the guveniOTship of the Subah of the Punjab should belong to Murta^ Klian. and that the Khnnkhanon should remain at home, and that Qilij fQiIni should be promoted to the rank of 6,000 personal and 5,000 horse^ and be appointed

I Or BvkU

APFOINIJIKSTS.

m

to Kalml to drive b«.k Al.dS<i flod the tcUkt.

i ordered the KlirtokliAimn to have a jagir m th^ Su)«h of Amu ill the Sarko™ of Qfltiatij and Evalpi, JJuvt be might ioflict condign punlahmeiit on the relx^lfi of that and extennimto them (pull them out by the loote). W hen [ diai..ii««l them I pave each of them apccml of

honour and horse, and elephanta. and imving received the robes of exaltation they started ol At the sanie Unie on aewunt of tlic rincerity of Ills friendship and his oW bars ice. t beston e.1 on I’tiniMu-d-daulah the mnk of and 500 horse, and presentcil him with a sum of 5,000 rupt hv way of gift Miihilbftt liliftn, whoiu I liad sent to make the necessary pn=parutions for war for the victorious nnny ^U^rS^nU^point =ot to tb. A»in. lb.

„f »n»,ni …d p.id bi. ‘1™ f

oipil.! of A«™ 0.1 tb. l itb of tbo …ontl. of r.t, bo -lot

of Rahim-s-saaL It was brought to notice m a ettcr fren Islam Kluin that -Imyat KLAu k-^d i^rfor-msl approved

„„i« in th. SnW. rf Hnnisnl: on •“» by 300 mrnoial tli. rank li« nltsady bdd of - W. ’ ^ ii,„.o«d by 500 pononnl nnd 300 bn^,«. to .™ke . „p nlto».-tK.r to 1.500 p.n«n»l ni.d «M l»r«, “

RAja Kalyan, who was one of the olhcials of t^ •

I appointed HAshini iil^n,* who was m

government of Kaalimir, unci sent his unde. _ J

Muhammad llnsair. there to h«k after the

country until liLs ariivai. In tlie time of my ;

his father, Mufnwnmfld Qfciim, had con.iuertd koslitiur.

Chin Qilljt who wo* the ddisft son of QUlj liJ>un.

I snbnb of Knbnl nnd ™i«d » me. A» .n to ili. natumi excellence he was a ^dna^^i one), he was honoured with the title of Khan, and according

1 Tlie teit him hew the iwtd which

h« ■ knawWg*/« he

hul g*d’iMi« in hii sis.

MOO A?FOINT3i|KjfT3. A WOJiK Of ART.

to the prayer of hh father* and on condition of his uiidor- takiii)^ Hcreicc in Timh, I incrcavsed hb rank by 500 perwna! and 300 borne. On the 14th Aiimrdad, on ai^count of the previoiirt service and ainccrity and abliity of

f^iinftdu-d-ciaulrth, I bestowed on bitn the hi^li rank of the vizier^liip of the kiii;^oiu^ and on the same day presentid « ^xdt with a jewelled dagger to Yadjunr ‘AIf, aniijosstidor of the ruler of Iran. As ^Ahdu-Llah who liad btren appointed to command the atiiiy a^inst the rebel Rana, promised to enter the proWnce of the iX’Ccaii froii; the direction of Gujarat^ I promoted him to lie Suhuhdar of that proWnce, and at hm request appointed HAja Baso to the command of the army against the Hiinap increasing his rank by 500 horse. In place of Gujarat I confened the Subah of Malwa on Kh an and sent

400,000 rupees to provide for the arm}” and warlike materials for the force that had been appointed to accompany ’Aljdu-llah Khan by way of N^ik, wJucK ia near the province of the Deccan. SafdaT Kh^n. with his bnithent, cariiie from the Sulwh of Behar^ and had the honoiir of kLising the threshold.

One of the royal slaves who was serving in the seal- cutting departnicnU prepnrtjd and laid before me a design such as 1 had never seen or heanl of before^ Aft it la exiceedingly strange, a detailed^ description of it is givan. In the shell of a filbert four compartments had been carved out of ivorj% The hrftt com|Mirtment was one of w’rcHtlers, in which two men W’ere engaged in wnwtling^ a third was standing with a spear in hirt hand, a fourth with a hard stone,* Another was sitting with his Jiands placed on the ground, while in front of hitii were laid a piece of W’oodp a how and a pot. In the Keci:)zid a throne had been made

^ CatQ|j*rD ElUiot^ vi, S’il.

» Eltiirt; KmI the rMrUeg illrl irsmjilatw

Acrn^.* Bat hoih htkVm mmff # ramM. Hl4n« nnrl a oord/ c| utiry

■ ■LLng+ umI is pfftAiqlj,- ttw figlit rAwJtn^. Iqh^-Jiaisj^ p. 57,

IVOBK OF AWT DEbCKlSED.

201

ubovtJ which a tent Hy or c*nopy> w>«

depicted, «od a in-m of wealth (a priocc) waa ™ ^

th^nc with one Ic^ phwedover the otb«r and a pdlj^w at hii* hack. Five servants were stand.ii- aronml and before liiiii and tree-bDtiffhs thivw a sliadc over the tbronc- Ii the thirtl compartment Is a company of mi«Mlance^, w .o h,we raised tipritcbt a pole with three A tope-dancer upon it (-lu. on the ropes ? ^\ of hiroa-n ri^bt foot with bia left lumd belnnd hen h.ad and standin^^ on one foot Ims pbwed a goat oti the top r the pole. Another person has thrown a drum on i m „eek and L, la-nting it. whilst another man m standing wi h hi» hands Uftetl up and looking at the roiie-daticiw Fi ve otlu r men ii« also standing, of whom one has a stick in his hand In the fourtli compartiuerit there is a tree, below which the figure of the revcreil d‘’««s is ahowiu

One [H^mon has placcil his head at Jesus’ feet. ^

man ia convening with Jesus and four others arc sUndiii^ by* As be had made a<teb a imuitcr piece, 1 honoured him with a present and with increased salary.

On the :iUtb Shahrlwar, Mlr«i Sultan, who l.ad Vah i. «ent for fwm the l)i*ccan. came and waited on me. . nfdar KhAn had an iocreaac of rank conferred on him, and wr impointed to go to the iLssistance of the army agam.st tti.

SLiA. 1-Ahdu-lhdi ^hAn

prop«»sed to cuter the neighhwinng province of th W wav of Kasik, it occurred to me to appoint Ban. I>as Kachhwnha, who waa on« of the aincere sen ana o my

1 Te%i Repair, bat ‘he l-O. MS. s«l [K IW, MU

1 Xom Ssyyal ’.►«“ dei-rtment, for

thi*iiuu.len»e“ W« ^ ^ iatrode«;«l lam

tho ftsirtb tho hmXrf d»e b1 »™. 1**

the **

20i a.Tu dx^ KACHfrtt’AHA.

■J’liAXaOXlA.NA i,-01jH;.S.

revered fatht r, to fteojiiipujiy him in order that he iiu^lit in every place loqk after him, and not alJow Jiini to ^ too wh Olid Iiaaty. For tliia purpose I beston ed on him «rcat favour, a« ^vell tJie titJe of Raja, wJiiih he had not thou;;bt of for fdmselL I also ^fave him drums and tlie fort of RanUainbftr. which is one of the noted castles in Hindustnii, and honouHiift him with a superb robe of ^lononr and an elephant and horse J dwmisHed him. a <31 appointed Owilja Aba-i-basan. who bad l^een transferred fmrn the chief Diwansliip, to the duty of the Subalidartliip of die IJeecaii, as he bad lx<en for a Joi.^^ time in those retooUH in the flemice of my deceased brotlier (DaniyalV i honoured Abiul-basAn, son of f’tiiiiada-d-datiUh, with the title of I ti.irid Kban. ami liavinfj promoted the sons of ilu’azram IQian to Httin;i milks sent them to fkmL-al to iHlam Mian. At the request of Islam Mian, Riiju. Kalyan was appointed U> the goveniinent of the Sarkar of and had an iiiCTeasc in rank of 200 pewoiml and home:i I pTOieDk^ ghajil’iit KliXin iMkhtiiii with 4.000 £l(f rth A ban Badiu-K-sauitfui, son of Miiai .^lAhrukb, came from tlie Deccan and waiter] on me, ^

About tlii.H time, in eoiiseijin-nce of tlie disturbnnce.s that bad o«orr«l in the eountiy of llilwaril’a-n-iiahr. many of the Amirs and Uiibe^r soldiem, such an ilusain Bi PAhJuwanBiibii,niid Xauma Bi Danmimaiid Baram Hi and othem (laiiie to Court and waiterJ on me. nmy wem aiJ honoured witli robes of iionour. horsos. cash, inaimt^ .„id

apvointments. usemftio.v v«05I fhostrations. ‘-joa

there two Jays oiui two iiiijliti!. on the niji^ht of Suudiiy i returned to the dty in lieolth ond fmfety, anti one nij^ht this couplet threw its brilliance *n »iy ■—

Aji lotig M thcru’si III liEftven light XIa snu,

B* nsrt ihff reUffctkiB fr“in umVKpelltt^ ”

I ordered the kmplij^^hters jind the relfttom of Ktone^t tlutt at the time of their (taiutatioiirt and telling’ stories they should commence vidth this couplet, and it is still in use- On hsaturrlay, the 3id day. a letter caiiio from Jibaii A’torn tliat ‘Adil Khfin BijApuri hod i?iven np hm evdl ways and become ptsiilcnt, and in tlie mnk of ser%‘antH wiu* now iiiore loyal than ever. On the Hth day. oorresponditi^’ with the hist day of ^awwAl, leave wiwi ^^iven to Haahiin lihan to jfO to KaHhtnir. 1 ^ave a apeoial wrapper^ (/inr^nl) to YHdi{ftr Ali, AiidjaAsador of Persia. 1 presented I tiqad Khiin with one of my special awords called .Sar-aiidaK (thrower of heads). Havitij^ honoured ^admai). son of J^jin A’jsain, with the title of i^jJjSdniftn ^an. i increased his rank to 1,700 p« 2 rsoiial and 500 liotm He was also honoured with a J?tandard. ^5^lrdll^ Kluiii. hrother of ‘Abdudlaii iy>An FirOif-jamj, and Arsluji Bi Usbej;. wlio hiul lieen appointed to the eliarpe of Slvistin,* w-ere alw presented with sUndards. I ordened tliat ja’t-iwunus (prayer carpets) should be made of the skins of the antelopes I had myself killed, and he kept in the public audience hall for people to use jn siyiuj; their prayer?. 5y w’ay uf special respect to the BiitiV I ordertsl that the Mird-‘Adl and QftKi, who are the pivot of aHluiTH of tiie liiviiic law. should not kiss the ground (before me), which ia a kind of sijfiu. ()ti Thursday, the 2l2iid day, I went again to Samoiiflgar to liutit As nmtiy antelope hod collected together in tliat neighbourhood 1 laid this time sent off Khwaja Jahhn to prepare a naniargah and drive in tlw antelope into a broad place from all sjde.s, to place canvas-

^ ^ BIocIuiujifIf pr nou^ It cAmo from EtirF-

’ la Scifide i it in th* nidi« M SfthWfWl, *m 1 in Ott

2U

walbi iitid ii roiiiid it. Tiit’;y

eiiclo^ a kc^ and half of ground with iidm|mttlEia. Wlttii nt«ws came that the liunting-pkcc had been prcpai^id and a gmit deal of gaiaa liad boen condnech f went Dic^re and began ta hunt on the Friday, Until the next ThuparJay I went ever}" da}" to the qanmrgah with the ladies and hunted aw much aa I likccL Some of the deer wens taken alive and aon^e killed with arrows and gum. On t!ie Sunday and Tliureday^ on which I do ntjt fii’c gmin at aiiiiaaiA, tliey took them alive in tieUir In theec weven day** I>17 head, male and female, were caught, and of thufto 041 fleer were caught alive. F’our hundred and four head were nent to Fathpur to be let loose on the plain there, and with regard to H4 I ordered them to put silver rtngH in their no«t^H and wet them free in the .name place. The 27G otlier antelope that had been killed with guns and arr[}W’K and by cheetahs were divided from day to day among the Begataa atid the slaves of the palace, and Amirs and scr^‘ants of tlie ^lalare. As I l>ecaine ver}" tired (dil{/lr) of hunting, I gave orders to the Aniir^ to go to the (tiunting-phice) ami

hunt ah that were left over, atid iii^‘self returned in safety to the city. On the I at Hidinian, eorrospondlug with the ITth Zi-]-qa*dap I ordered that in the large cities of tn}^ dondniotvs, like Ahmadabad, Allahabrd, l^ihore, Delhi, Agra, etc., they should arrange bulghnr-khazias (places for the distribution of cooked food) for the pcxir; thirty mahallH (dLstricts) luad been ordered Six Imd already lieeii ts+tab- Ihhedp and twenty dour other dLstricts were now ordered. On the 4th Bahnian I increased the mnk uf Raja Eir Singh Deo by IpOOO peD^jnal; It w’om prevdoiiHly 4,000 persotuil and 2,000 horse: I gave him a jewidltKl swotd. Another a word out of tny apvcial ones, that wan cidled Sh^-bacha (king’s childwas presented to Sh&h-naw;^ Khilii. Qn the IGth IsfariflArmu^. Badl’u-z-zaman, son of MiT7A -Sb^ru^i,

• BlecUttiann, 4.1.

onnEBS TO GOTTEMfOas OF I’HOVISCKS.

205

appointed to tin- anuy aipiiin.t the rebel Riiui and a avi-ord sent by bis bund for Ruja Bu-^hx H«v,n- again beard tliat tl.e Aiiut« on the borders interfere nitb autbority in matters that do not concciti them, and do not olwerve la\i-s and regulations, I ordered» tlint the Bakhshis should circulate orders, to he obeyed amongst the Amirs of the borders tliat lierrodter they should not interfere in such things, wbicb aro the private affair df kinga The tbiri Ls this, that they should not sit in the yoimt/ur /?rrk^ (private window), and ahould nottrouhle their othceia and eapteirw of the auxiliaries with keeping guard or saluting them, arul should not have elephant tights, and should not inflict the punishment of blinding, and should not cut off .ani and noses, and sbgu kl t.ot fnm- Tula… should not confer titles on their servante, imd sliould not ottler the royal servants to do or prostration, and

should not foTco singers to remain on duty in manner custoiiiary in (royal) durbars, and ahould not heat dmm« when they go out. and when tliey give a horse or elephant to anyone, wimther to the kingVattendanta or te their own son ants, they should not place reiiia or elephant s gomls on their backs and make them porforiu obeisance. In going in piueesaion they ahould not take with theni on in their retinue the roydl nttendante If they write anjThmg to them they should not put a seal on it* The la^giilutimis V which luive been styled the rules of Jahfingir (Ayln-i*

Jahaiigiri) atu in force *

• Mve lee rC (Ti-Uoal of tee e. ■ in fmnl’ « * ™

«f and dii, is au .teebl ths ew«rt t«dmsr. See I-itel

to to Jahincn-sonlsr ^0 Pf 7“*“l

dadr eals on Ihe f« Of ibeSr toler* or olter

d to te, not » d.«!« sateWia^ regnJatioos. bet to

the n.lo» pmBsIgalod ty him «t ll» ceiaii»n««eDt of

liiM rec|fta» -

206

fCEW TKLia CKLEURtTIOXii.

(^IIE Se^‘esth \ew Veae‘3 Festival aeter the

AUHPI OlCJlS ACCEJLS IOaV)

On Tiic.Mdfty, Hie 1st Farwardid of tliu seveutli year from tiiy accest^iOd on tfie 16th JlnbaiTtini u-l-ljaraiii (13tli llntrli, 1612) In the year 1021, the New Year’s assomhly that illiiinimttes the world, and tho ftsilial that brings Joy. were lield in the capital of Agra, After four gharia of the tiiglit had pasmsl on ’nniratinj-. the 3rti of thc afore^aid month, the hoar that the astnilogers had chaseii. 1 sat on the throne. I Imd ordered that, aeeordltig to annual custom, the Ijajsam should dccoratesl and the assembly should lx kept up until the day of culmination J£husrau Ei P^beg, who was known among the I’;!txgs u» Khusran QlmcKT,^ came on these flap and liad the honour of waiting on me. Ah he was one of the influential men of .llawani’a-ii-mdir. I bestowed iiimiy favours on liim, and gave Jiim ,i fitu,. roW of honour,

I gave 15,006 rupees to Ysdgiir ‘All, audsaasador of the ruler of Iran, for his expenses • On the same day the offering of Afs-al TSiiiin, which he had sent from tJie Siiijah of Bvlwr, was laid before me. There wch- 30 elephantH and IS ponies (ffiltifk}, and pletea of Bengal doth, sandalwood, some pods of mu-sk, aloea-wood {Affatiortniinl and all kinds of things. Tlie offering of Klvun Daunln was also prtsiiieed t»fore mo. He had sent 4o heafJ of horse and tn-o strings of camels, porcelain from CJiiiia dressing-go^viis (jriWriiAfl*) of sable (aunimiir), and other valuable preaents prtjeurable in Kabul aiid ita neighbourhood. The offioew of the palace had taken trouble about their offeritiga, and according to the yearly custom from day to day of the festival the ufrerings of the servaatH were laid before me. Having looked at them

• QirH^At ia 10. MS. ».[ Is Ifit«l-nlUn». oo. Stei„™ ri™

«. ^ ^ l^ks .fc«r th. ItingV gamt. .sd « .

» Teit kiuj^ArT, skins, Imt LO. M.S. hu yAfffiijy.

defkat or ‘usmas the afghan.

SOI

[|| dt:trtil, 1 took what 1 approval and fJAvc thL’m thu

reuidinder. On the lath Karwardiu, coTiitsp^Jiidmg with

the SSnli Muliai-rani, a repfeiieiitation from Ishmi yi’»’ anived to the cHect that through the blessing of Allah s favour and through tlio Uwign influence of the royal gracv. Bengal Imd heea freed from the disturbance of ■Usman the Afgliari. Bidon.- the circniustancas o£ thw ^ar are written donm, aomu particular with regard to Bengal will be rticoitlod.’ Bengal is a eountn* of great extent, and in the clime iU let.gth, from the port

of Chittagong to Gari, is 4o0 kw; and ita bn-adtii from tlie Northern hilla to the liouiidai^- of Sarkav Madaron, koa Its rovenne ia about 00 krorea of dan.s.» The former rulem of thin place always had 20,000 horse, a lakh of foot.soldiers. 1,000 elcplamLn, and 4,000 or ,^000 war-hiaiU Fma. the time of Shir lihfii. and Ins mil Sidim Kjum. this country avbs in the pnsswwion of the Afghans. When the throne of sov^-rcignty o HiiuluHtan in the hands of my rcverr^l father acqumsl bcautv iiiid splendour, he urdertsl the victonous fon^ fof the empire) into it, and for a kmg time maxle the conuuest of it his object, until the afo^^id province, thmu-^h the great ettorta of the cliicfa of the victorious

Stater p«^wio« of Jland

was the last of its rulers. That wretch waa killed m tim ixahi with liimn Jahftn, and his army beciuim scatten.’d and in desperate condition. From that dato until now Ihe province is in the poasesaion of the aervanta of the State, In the end a few of the remaining Afghana had ^.mained in the comers and side^ of the conntry. and kept a few distant plncea in their posaessioii, until by degrees, most of that l™ly became despised and lielplt^,

xCapi^irmmAyio. «« H. f ^

iNtae of Sij yid AhBKh)

30S

i’AHTlCl’LAEfJ EEGAHDIXG BEXdAL.

und were captured bj- the cfiiefn pf the State in the placc-s uf which they had atiJI powession. ^\nien the ftmuige- lueiit of the artiiirs of rule and empire, simply UjTOUifh the ^pince of God, htcutiie eiitrtbited to thin humble ser^ftat of the tjirone of Alldh. in the year after my accession r sent for Rfija Man Sinj^di, who hud l»en iippointctl to the rule and govenimeiit of that phxoe. to Court, and wilt Quibu-d-din Kiian, who, out of all the oJfieiaJs. wiw dijrtiij^ruifihed iw my foster-brother, in his place. As he eutere-d tile province he attained to umriyiviom at the tiand of one of those uiischievoui! ones who Jiad lit’en appointed to tliat country, ami that man, who ImcI not thought of tiie conaciiueiices, also obtained tliu reward of hm deeds, and woa slain, I promoted Jalian^r Quli Klifin who waa governor and a Jagirdar in the province of Behar, on oceount of lurt iieameas ter that neighliourhood, to the rank of .5,000 jjerKoutt] and horse, and ordered him to go to Bengal and take px^v^^ion of the province. I sent an order to Islam tiJjan, wiio was at the capital of Agtn. to go to Eohar and consider that province hJs japir. \S’heii a short time hud pa,-sn«l under the rule of Jahangir Qull Mian. Im contracted a severe illn&ss, in «HLse<iiJhnce of the txid water luid air of that place, and by degr^ the power of the disease and his weakness became so great a« to end in his de-strufttion. When the news of hia death came to my hearing at Lahore, an order o-as issued in tlie name of Islam ^An to proceed aa soon us possible to BcngnL WJiuu J appointed him to this iinporteuit duty, most of the servants of the State made remarks on his youth and want of cxpenence. A.s the ewseUenoe of his disposition and his natunil capacity had been iiotfred by my judicious eye, f myself cheme him for this duty. As it happened, the attairs of this prosnnee were carried on by him ia such II muiiner os from the time when it first ontercil into the possession of the Chiefs of the everlasting State until this day has never been attained to by any of the sor^anta of

DKFEAT* Q¥ ‘PSMAN.

20 &

th« Court. Olio of hiH noteworthy deedK wuh the dtiviiig Away of the rebel the Alihan. He fm|qently in

the time of the Inte kiiijf encountered the royi^A forces, but hift expulsion wa^ not ACComplWsed. When Islain iTiAdc Dhaka (Ufl™i) bLs place of ali^tde and made the subjection of the Zainiiidara of that nei^hljourhood hU chief object, it Dceurted to him that he should send an anuy ogaln^ tlie rebel “Usman and his provincei If ha agreed to serve loyally, well and good, but if not, they should ptminh and onniliiUito him like other seditious people. At tliiit time ILhmi * joined Lsloiii than, and the lot

of leading in this liervice* fell on his name,, Sevetnl ^jthern of the State servants were also appointerl to go with him, wnch as Ki^war liban, Iftil^ilr Khan, Sayyid A^Jain Bar ha, Shaildi Achhay/ nephew of iln^iarmh mmih Mu^tttinad Khan, the aolis of Mu’a^in Khan, llitiinriin Khan, and othera. He took with him also some of his own nicm At the hour when jrujdjtail iJnpiter) was propitious, he .started olf this baiid^ and appointed Mir Qils-im, son of Miivji Murad, its chief paymaster and news^-writer. He took also some of the ^mindan^ with him to show the road 1’he victorioiLs annics started. W’hen they reached the nrighbourlaxitl of ‘Usman’s fort and land, they sent some clo<|ucnt men to admunish him and point out to liiin the way of loyalty, and bring him hack from the read of rebellion to the right path. As much pride laid soatwl itself in his brain-cup^ and he had in liH head a desire to aeiss? the country, hcside other fancies, he ttinied a deaf car to their wordn and

lAIw e»llod SbftiliJ’ KatAP iBIochtniinnt li. 510; Mft’Aftins-1-

… I

x. I’cThdj^ this 1» tjaly rhiitOTw. U% Aba I frl itMcribw hciw lot« were t»tw»£i Um * emI RJm Btfbfll to who should jpj on tbo VUwlfwi (KipwUijon.

^ Ichi naeiHW A h»wk, Vvai the meofisti^ m^v ha n « U<in.

u in Zenker ueiinin^ n rather in Tarki. The Ifjljfil-nimft

htuf Ajhd,

H

ifl’FUKCT COSIT-VI KD.

iJlO

prepared himself f<jp conflict and fi^ht. The fjiittlefleid hap[)eii«i to be on the Ixink of a nulliih in a place whidi wa,s ii complete bfj^^ On Surnkj’ (] Jth March, 16J 2). the l|th Aluhairam, fJljnjjl’at Kbnn, chounini; the hour for the fiffbt, arrayed the victorioiw forccH. .so tliat everyone ahoulti go to his place nnd Iw prepiitsl for the twttk ‘Usuj/m had not xcttleti the hiittlo for that tltiy witli hini-self. When he heard that the royai army liad come prepared for buttle, having no remt-dy he hirua^lf mountial and Came to the bank of the nullah, and arrayed hjs own lioree and foot oppo-site tite victoriotis anuj-. When the uttkir grew hot. and the two tom^ oppossJd each othT. that foolish, obstinate noui at the first um«t threw hk own fighting raging elephant against the advancnl gnatti. After much fighti^ laany of the leaders of the advanetd guani, aa Sayyid Adam’ BArha and ^aikii Aclihay, attained the dignity of martjTdoni. Iftikhilr Ktmij. the leader of the right wing, AVOS in no ivay reinias in attacking, and sdcriKecd hk own life. Tlie liund that was n ith him fought to sue! a degreti that they were all cut to piecesi In the some svay Kishwar* lihan and his band of the left ‘wing hmvely waeriHced thetiwelves in the affair of their inoster, hut ninny of the enemy (lit those of dnrk fortune) were also wounded nnd killed. Tlint evil one (‘Usman) t«>k aceount of the eombaUinta and asrerhuned that the leadere of the advanced guard and right and left wings were kille<L Tlic centre nlone remained He took no aec-ount of the killed and ‘wounded on his own aide, but attacked the centre (of the royal army) Avith the same etiei-gy. On this side the SOD and brothers and Mms-iii-hiw of SlinjAat KJban. ji« well as other oflicere, stopped the adAance of those lost onea, and attacked them like tigers and Icopurds tiriiied with clnvi’M and teeth. Some of them attainetl the dignity of

1 Tail bn, A lain. See Bkpchmann. ^ Sai, neta.

» the ppMi of Jshao^lr’a feaicr.hnthar jbinl .(iLi, »bo

was hy Sliff.ttfgadL ^

srBJEcr contimjkd.

SU

nmrtynloin. and thaw lliat nsniaiiied alive borii away fatal wounds. At this time (‘Uaman) drove a mgiiiff elephant of the name of flajpnt.^ which was hw ptciiiier elephant, at Shajft’ut Khun, who hud hold of hw apear and Htruek the elephant. UTtiat does a raging elephant enre for a javelin I He then seiaed his sword and struck him two hlowa f«io after an«jther. How did he regard these cither! He then drew hw dagger and struck him twice w’ith it. but for this. too. he did not turn back, hut over¬ threw ShajA’at ISbiln with his horse. Immediately he was separated from his hoisc; calling out “JaMnglr ghAh,” he leapt op. and his equeiT}* struck the ekphaiil on both front legs a Wow with a two-handed sword. As the elephant fell on his knees, the eqoen^’ pulled tlio elephant driver down off the elephant, and ghaja’at witir the dagger he had in his hand, and while on foot, struck such blows on the tmnk and forehead nf the elephant that the elephant roared out at the pain and turned round. As he was severely wounded, he Went to hLs own aruiy and fell domi, ShajH’at Khan’s horee got up safely. As ho was vnonnting his horse those vile ones drove another elephant at his standard-bearer, and overthrew- his horse and standard, ghaja’at Khan gave a manly shout and roused the standard- bearer. saying: “ Be b.>ld: I’m alive mid the standard is at my feet {?) " * At this critical moment all the serradta of the Stale who were present selBwi their arrows and daggers and swords, and smote the eleplmnt- SJjaja’at himself came up and shouted to the standard-hearer to rise, and got anotlier horse for the standard-Irearer and mouiUed him on it. Tire stnndard-lrearpr unfurled the standard and maintain id his ground. At the time of this struggle

i TIai Iqliiil aiLma swl the 8.U. Call It Baghla-

• Thaw Iwt wenis wwB la ta |>art of SJKiajil’it’i!’ »porch, but lafat-nAma, p. M. Soo also Elliot, d, a», airf U» Irajialatlwi (4 tlw Iqbal-nAnUl acccrant Itt Appeniiia U StBart> Cat. of Tippo ButunV Mats., p. ats. ‘TliO lubal-uifiut «>• that ‘UitrsAn’ eofpolonce coaipol^ him to cMo on an ctepliani-

SUBJKCT CONTINUED*

m

a (ball froiii a) gmi Hiruck that Od hia

However iimcli they eiiijdirecj f€>r the man who tired it, he could not te foundn AMien tliia atmck liiiu* he recogniised that he waa a dead nmii. Yet for two watchf^ dotwithstanding this fatal wound, he urged on hia men to the fight, and the hattletield was still deadly aiitl the struggle wane. Afterwards the euemy turned their faces, and the victorious aruiy pursued theiiip and continually striking them drove back those vQu ones into the place where they had eneainped. With arrows jind guns thoiw wretches would not allow the royal tiwps to enter the place where they were. Wlien Wall, the brother of ^U™an, and Ifatnrez, his (^Usoitiu s) son and other reliitlona and followers becmiie aware of ^ Utinulri’s wound, they made up their minds that he ivould not recover from it^ and that if theyp defeated and put to ftiglit^ should go tow’ards their fort none would reach it alive. They thought it liest to remaiu for tfie night in the place where they had encamped, and towards the end of the night seek an opportunity and get to their fort. Two watches of night had passed when “Uanifui went to hell. Ill the third watch they raised Ids lifeless hexJy, and leaving his tent and llie things they had wdth them in the catnp, proccedt^d to their fortress. The scouts of the vietorious army, liaving obtained news <jf this^ infomted Shaja’at Kl^n. On the iiiomliig of Monday the loyalists assembled and decidcsl to follow” tliem, and not allow breatidng-titim to those of dark fortune. In the end, in (^nsef|Qeuce of the tired state of the soidiers, and in order to buiy the martyni and out of s^nupathy for the wounded* they were perplexeil in their minds ss to going or settling do^ui (where they were). Just at this time ‘Abdu-s-Salfnii, son of Mu^a^m Khan. arriv<sl ’^vith a l#ody of senwiits of the State, altogether HOO horse and 4(>0 musketeers {tilp€hi\ When tliis freah body of men arrived it was detcnniniMl to pursue, and they accordingly went on.

i»l.‘BJ£CT COJtTlNEEP.

513

With Wall, who alter ‘UMuati wat the stock of the dlnturbancei leanied that SjiajA’at lihAn with the victorious artiiy had come tojjether witli another fresh force, he saw po resouTCO for hiinsalf but to tto to SJjaja’at fQifiii on the stiaijjlit line of faith and loya1t3’* Itt tlie end he sent a inesHajfe that he who had been the cause of the disturbance had Kon<=, and tliat the body of those who were left were scr>-ants and Jlusuluions. If he would give Ills word they would wait upon him and would agree to aeiwe the State, giving their elephants os an uHTering, Sbaja’at Ohh and Mn taipd KJ>an, who hod nnived on the day of the battle and had done approved service, and all those who were loyal, in accorduiico with the necessitj’ of the time and with what waa best for the State, gave tlieir word and encouraged them. On the next day. Wall and the sons, brothers, and Mim-indaw of ‘Uainaii all came and waite<l upon SbajA’at and the

other servants of tlie State, They brought forty-nine elephants ns an offering, .\fter the completion of this work .5haja‘at Khan, leaving some of the royal servants in Adhftr’ and the neighbourhood which wa.s ill the

1 Tlrt tet Iw- rfnr Vikie f!*f/tik ctw 1 ilo not know if -wfAdr Li tV nnmo ot a or wUt its m^nff (s,

Tint 1.0, MSS. , Koh. 11 nnil SOS, lisvnen^if, Bloehnmnn, iHU, 0" ths aatiiority of the M»^n-l-Afg1«ni, xayn th# Sghl Ux place IW k^ f,^D. nnil In » plsco NVk Ujyill. STvd 1"

,H«t tW sortnd UjjilU in Eastern Bchi!^ tWiUr Udhir nr UiOr. stti a comi|aion of t?jjrtl. ‘Hi* * lul^ “f UmjCiIt U>M- Blnehoinoo, inifdn h* Ran Bhivwiil Of tho Slivltiapar jonjflo. RiviifB-n-sniiiiln d«w not tnontioa the »it« of tlm Iwttlc, ■M ti^nslslor, iloalswl Abdn s Salim, Km in hi» note t p. 1|3 rtnfoundwJ two ‘isi KluiiiS, ami » dwwn ifrannitlrM infereiwce^ BfcditnaJio pdln(» out. a. Rltt, Uut tho StaApni l-umaf mu th* prisononi wen! after. w>nl* UBl to dmUh. Tho ijoswtgo i« at Wit li, p BSi It ihey wore imt to death .tohinjfif’a order! Ky -AMo U^ [Tho wtaihiy was Kmle cooogh for onytitagl. Jirhiinsrlr, Tflauk, p t I’i tl,*

mtflviil of ‘Csmin’* notis onrl lirtthw »l Cmrt. so ilut Blochmwio s otatemcat at’p BfiO ahotit their Wng «»"

cwnvct. It B|H>eare. Wo, they come U> Court after *t s death

JohanrfT Mjn (TOiilk, p 112) he trade over the ^omt to mepwible ser^u Of goveromeat. ‘AWo-lloh may have hwo me of those, and

214

aUBJJiCT CONTlStEIf.

lum’Siiion of that out) of evil fortune, took with liiiii WaJj and the otlier Afi;hfliis, and on .Monday, the hth of tiie uionfli of ^far, came to Jahangima^pir (Dacca) and joined Islauj Kijftn. When the joyful news reacJied in A.-Ta tliiH supplicant at the tlirone of Allah, ho pei-fonaed the pioatmtiona uf gratitude, and recognij*.^ that the n V ing^ aa ay of this deiieription of enemy n’as broug!i t atout Kimply tln-ough the uiiHtinted jnercy of the Almighty C.iver. As a reward for this good aervi« I pronu^ttri Iskm Khiln to Iho rank of (i.OOO petrwnaJ. and iionoun.sl *!JajH-at vltU the title of ■’ Rustam tile age "

(RuMtaia-attiaAn), ns weM as inenumed hw rnnk by 1,000 pernonaJ and horse. I also inerea,s<id the lank Jf other mtvaiiU acaotding to the measure of their serviot^s and they were sselected for other honoum

When this news first came of tho killing of ‘Usnmn it appe^nd to be a joke, hut by way of ascertaining the truth or faWlexjd uf tJie words I took an omen from the divan of the tongue of the unseen world, JQiwaja Jlatix uf ShirrwE, anti thift gliBlukiH tdniL’d up;_

’ “*** lirow patlienH: to the wild*.

^ la laeli « eai-o tlirew mj h«rt inte the sea,

I ai Wftmided hy tho .shilt ot heavcrt :

^ in the of

rid ^ 1 ^ iirisoacm by fcUiiag theta. It would aiiooar that look thot«st or„otl..««t 7 lloSL

fljsi m* near Oruwm « ijtewart NntipciMd.

vl ^ L" ibo letter M, BjrectUuB’ cA,

. ck aw but Jiilnjflr has jfltaMid out two line* m hta nuolatipn, Aa Ii>^i bthograph l™ iu ibp i5m lino inatwd of hut th.

in Brookhaa^ In tho loorih line i, * niBtafco

CMemhle a quiver ia

lhemngof a aiusJoal iB»trani«ni. the meonlni; of the line*

fT f lk5 ^ beniiai. Tiio alfiooiEraeM of the /nf i, not very oti^nl bu^ of „ to tw an allueion Co d^ of

hy a MhiH from « unknown haflfj.

CVBlOSmES FBOM GOA,

215

Afl this couplet was vciy appropriate to the occMion,

1 drew an omen rrom it. After some clays news again that the arrow of Fate» or mtlier of God, had struck Usinao. for however much they enquired for hmi, he who fired the shot was not made manifest. This has been recorded on aceoutit of its strange nature.

On the Ifith Farwardin, Miitjarrab ***

my cliief retainers and the old confidante of the Jahangin service, who had attained the rank of 3,000 peteonal and

2 000 horse, came from the fort of Cainbay and hod tie honour of waiting on me. I Imd ordered him. on aej^unt of certain business, to go to the port of Goa^ and by for the private ««e of the government certain raretn^ procurable there. According to ordcra he went with diligence to Goa, and reuiaining there for i^me time, took at the price the Franks asked for them the mreties he met with at that port, without looking at the face of tile money at all (ho. rcgarrllcss of cost), \hen ho returned from the aforesaid port to the Coort, he pi-odnccd before me one hy one the things and Reties he had bought. Among these were .ime animals that were very strange and wonderful, such

I had never seen, and up to tins knovi.1 their nanu^ Although King Babar has described in his .Memoirs the appearance and shapes of sevem animals, ho harl never ordercl the paintcw to make nicturVH of them. .Ai thoKo aiumals appeured to me to L very Btningcr I both dfiicrilKid them ami orderyd that painten, should draw them in the JahAngdr-nania « that the amazement that arose from hearing of might I* increasid. Chiu of ih^ •‘iihiials ^ ^ larger than a peahen and smaller than a peacocmn

i in the EeglNh

r T ut ^11 St jsur* - PmjM-knowinC lEbdiHiiit cll It m PersM

216

ArcorNT OF A TrttKKV,

it IS Hi heat and db^idaiTM itwlf, it Hpruads out ifaj fuatheiH Ilka tho paacock and dances about. Its beak iLnd legs art like those of a cock. Its hi-ad and neck and the part under the throat are evurj- minute of a different colour. When it w in Jieat it in ijuile red^ one uiiuflit say it had adonied itself with red coral—and after ii while it becomes white in tJiu Mine places, and Jook,H like cotbm. It aoiiietiines looks of a tuft.uoisa colour, Like^a chameJefai it constiintly clian^-s colour. 1 wo pieces of flesh it has on its head look like the oouib of a ^k. A stninfos tidily; is this, that when it is in heat the aforesaid piece of Hesh han^p* down to the leuirth of a SiMu from the top of its head like au eleplumt’s ITunk imd tt^in whm he it up it upp^arn on Oh

lead hke the hom of a rhinoccHw. to the extent of two nifer-brearlths. Round its eyes it is al wnyn of a turquoise colour, and docs not change. Its ft«thers apix-ai- to be of vanous colour, ditteriiig from the ™loun* of the peacvjck a featheiS. He ui^ bwo-ht a monkey of a struiiiie and womlerfuJ form. Its imndn, feet, ears, and head are like those of a monkey, and tta face like that of a fox. The colour of its eyes is like that of a haivk’s eye hut the eyes an., hirfpjr than those of a iiawk. Pitmi its head the end of its tail it is an ordinary cubit ia leiigtio It

Ls ower timn a monkey and taller tlian a fox. Ibn hair

IS like the wool of a .sheep and its colour like that of Mhes. From the lobe of its ear to its chin it is rxd and

of the colour of wine. Its tail is two or three dufier-

h^‘OdtlM longer than half a cubit, ijuite different from that of other mopkej.Tt The tail of this animal hangs down the tail of a cat Sometimes it makes a sound like I >7’^^ On the whole it is a ve^’ ntrango

beast. Of the wild birds which they call Im/ril (pheai«irit) till now It htw uever been heaid that they breed in captivity. In the time of my revered father they timdi- Rreat efforts to obtain eggs and young ones but it woa

ArroisTJtEsi’s.

317

W>t nmmged. I th«in to some of them,

male and feiiiak, in one plaw, and hy de^^His he> in- - I onJered lli«n to place the under kens. JJ

sp«c.> of two years sixty or seventy L «ftv or sixty screw np. Whoever heani of -

was astonished. It was said that xo the \ i ayat tfie people tliero liad inaxie gn^nt efforts, hnt no cgj.- produced and no young were obtained.

In them* days I incioased the mani^k of M^axbat _ hv 1,000 personal and 500 Ixorac. which thus became 4000

p;rsonal and 3.500 hot^. ‘Hie maimb Affinal and mcroas«l. xvaa fixed at 4,000 pe^al and 1,0?0 korac. To the xnaxLsab of Makft Smgh a incroase- of 500 ^monal and h^-

ri» n»n»b of iiHM sibo»«»

600 p.«o.o.i …ri son t Ih”

poruiul •ml 300 l».r».

days came from the Deccan and waited on me. 1 ft ,

X “l„ hml beo-n .ppomu.1 0, tho I

An-,mb.d ml of u,. “".rxxt!

hi. m^poot,: ‘idm-tioo (.a.i-

which wms 1.000- Dn ii ^ j

4nirfif\ whiirh >viis fch« % lOOOO t<i 1 ’ OOO

..d mmlo 1^. of Itil- KMn. »“r.Xb of •mi 1.000 h.«». ~P “ „„j i,(*o l.„», by

Mm|^™b tb»l of K!l*»j»

^bTTbS ^ W i-momd m.d 1.300 bom., by 600

aJatiAii, wnicji rr r , 4.1 ^ xVk^ Year dJ-flJiy of

Aft Wi^rv th*? ■daj’s of t ^ ^ ^

., f fnf the State-) obtained axi increase of their

the \pi tiik c fUr,

k„ tx.6 th« aanif day DuOp IKsnaix

irmtf” It “v 1.1. “X t”

. 1 I ■ eUK ilii* title of Riiv find clutfieil

« Xr:?.r-:r -I*!- bus- sm*!,- hml -brnb. .on. by

518

0VLTi:> -siNfiH,

^uraj Sm^h. Although Dulip hi, tiia (tnark.^ with the lita) U wished Sataj Singf, to HiiL-««ed hhn in eon^fiU«.ce of tJ,e lovo that he boro to his mother \ fmzi the mreua.,ta„eee of his d^th wen. niported to me Suraj Siijgh, jti conseiiueoce of his want of info)licence

and tender years, repre*nUvJ to u.e: -‘ijy f,jther has made me his successor and gfv™ i„e the /m” Tin’s TCinark was not to my liking, nnd I said; “If tliy father given the /iAil to tiiee. wo shall give it to Dulfp” ITier. marking the ffAu with my o^m Imnd, 1

1 K t ^■*‘1 hereditaiy pmiei^iods.

I Ihiatowed on f-timridu-d-dauJah an ink stand mid jewclJed

Fn. Rhdar, the father of Lakhmi Clamd, Lh of Kumaoii. who ,s one of the considemble Kajas of tiie hill eomitry. h^ eonie in the time of the late King Akhar and when ho came fiad petitioius] * that tlw son of RAja Tm.hir Mai migJit take Jdia by the imnd and

jlmjar S!als) srm ],ad Wn appointed to bring him i -T Jf rf aak«i that the wn of

l^nt Sbapilr- to bring iiim to wait on me. He laid befoiv me rare things from his nwm bill country’, such as Jt^A pomes and birds of prey, stieh as hawks, Jnr^

skins of the musk antelope with the musk-bags on tiiera.

otds wfudh in their language they call Ifulnda, and dagger whmh they calJ i^fUr, and all kinds of things ^^…ongst the Rajas nf this hill country this Raja is wS! knoa-T, for the Urge qomitittea of gold he has. They say there ,s a gold-mine in his territOTy.* ^

1 in (bn -’«nl year.

dr. .™r “>■ •“ -«lAkW.»™.

A- J, ‘■” ‘-“iM-

• Blocllliunn, p. fjiDtS.

affaiks of the deccan.

mu

In order to lay the foundation of a palace at Lahore,

by hlH pride and Im ,„d .vont

wordi, lof advice), and J it hnd Wn

f Khan ahonld atari fmm the

truHtaorthy leaderoand^i 00^^ Bahadur, ^afar

Don. Shan A’loni, ^3alf ^ number of

Mfin. and other servonta of

the amiy hud passed 10,000 am ^ Sin^h.

On the aide of R^rar it ^os

o«l. olh«r’, .»"=!.« .««i tl« LX. H

.l*y tl»y “’ 5 *^ “j ii„d Ihoi. h»rt« Imd bwo

.hi, ™W ■■»’^’»^“ be..wn, it U

ill uniaoiJ. and stdf-i , ,5^ vj-^uid have pven them

most probable that A ini« ^ .^^i^judlah Khau (MLs«cd the .Hctoiy of the day. he did not

thf (llwt. …d ^i,,) to 1™.K ■dd.lli«e.i»

take care to send nmn t? ■ rt^rdonce with the

fnnu «« harmonise with theirs

arrangements. maKt n

• • • ’‘rttltfhemlicd™

between two armies- Katiar

HQO

OMFtlxr or ‘AttIHf.Ll,Alf.

-Hi „„c|, to,, to ■” ki- »W.

go fonvsH tdth dut dditiemHv ^ ‘ ^ proiiiiso to

fintMlIV li’-Jii-L I it WlLK of no T]i^ rpj,

nS; ^ cr t:’;”

mid encountet,. took pi**co*‘Sh not fail to

n*jEri»t. At la«t the oncini- ,?tu ^ liroworka at

*io fiitelli^nco about the other’Ttt otAained

approached Daulotahad whfeh I- «r of the iMkhaoL. -W L ^ w

SRveiiefgnty a child nI,o. \n hia n7 ■ to the faiiiiiy of Nizaq,a-U„m||f"“T’ ^ ffintiotisiiip ‘mftht fuJIy accept hia (the IhtU^ “’‘’n

i”»i up and took him by the h raised

the Peahwa a«d leader

(AKnimst ■Abdullah) and th V’"^” *‘od a^iri

-“tinuaiiy * «f the enemy w.h

and by thro\ri?i;f rtxjketa nut made an attack,

matte™ hot fur bitui At icnJh f!I T *^«orfes made m, no osaistaucc had eonS to « ‘

and all the Thikhani, C T ™’* i^treat «t once and ttj- some ti!

m.d ^ith one Smaent Ti.. Dakhania foIlow^Xn to ^ 1 t>wii couoti^’, and the t-av imatidariea qf their

■ikiMi,iih’t ,;;?r r ‘^”">• -.,-.

ambitious and j^abtaf vonn ^ of the

M«rdAn Ki,H„ Bahadur beL*””’“ir”’

«iined ntt-ay terrible wq »„^^ “’“n-

• Ellbt, iri, 533

SUBJECT CO^■Tl!^li■ED.

til

the leg, aiitl two days (ifterwtirtls he died. When they entered the eountry of Biijs Bimrjfl,” who wtw one of those loyal to the throne, that body (the enemy) tnmed book, and ‘Ahdu-llah Khftn proceeded towards Gnjamh Ttie real tmth m this, that il in going he had drawn his rein (gone slowly) and allow*.-d Uie other army to have mine np to him, Uie matter would have tumwl out nmcjiding to the wish of the chief meu of the victorious State.* soon tiH the news of the retreat of ‘Abdu-Hah Sliitu rcaclu-d the leadens of the army tluit was advancing from Berar, not seeing any advantage from further stay, they also retired, and {oined tlm camp of Parwiz at ‘Adilabad m tlio neightourhood of Burhanpur. When this mtelligenco reached me at I was greatly agitated, and prop^

to go there myself and destroy root and branch th^ Ftervaute who had hsjcome marttei-s- The Amira and other devoted ones would in no way consent to thia Mwaja AbQ-l-Kw lepreflented tlmt as no one undcratood the busiueas of that ragbn as the Kbankhaiinu did I ought te send him, and tliat ho sliould again arrange mattera timt had fallen into disorder, and according to tho eaigmc,^ of the time nhauld compose differences so that affaira mi^ht return to their original condition. Other «ell- wbiicrs being consulted, all their opimons were at one in this, tluvt tho Klianklianan must 1* sent and tliat M>v.ija \hu-l-hifwin Hhould accompany him. Ag^-mg with this determUiaticn, those who hml charge* of tho atlmra of the Khanklinnaii and hia compamons olitained leavo ^ ^

on Sunday, tho 17th (TrUHuhisht. in the ith ^ ^jate nawii* Abft.l-hit^an, to^-b.rdi U.lK‘g,

oml s*.‘veral others of hiu a«»ociatea paid their parting

, , ™ sl.«. Rnhiu dav. The Khatiklmnan wo-a

salutatiOBJs on the «nio nay. ^

promoted to the rank of O.OtHJ pcmonnl. Sboh-mwai hiian

( Kaj*. Of Bo^Ului. ,

■ A ijeriiibntfi’l (ot Joli&Dgir himftU,

PEIATH Of’ jt.SAr JTJfAN.

ii’ii

to that of s,000 and Iiomj, that of I)ar»b filiftn ijim-aatnl hv oOO perwual and 300 horse (alto-uthei- 2,000 personaJ and l,aO0 Jiotw), and to Raijuian-ciAd, Ida (the Khmiklianan’s) younf^r ^n, I also a Httmg ,„a,Lsak I presented the Khaiifchatiaii with a f,mind drijss gf honour, a jewelled tflgijer, a epecial ekphiint with taldyir (accoutretiiente), and an Itikj horse. In the same way I bestowed on his Bons and corninmbtLM dreasea gf honour and hotsea. In the Mine mouth Mu’iBan-J-niulk came from Kabul with hiH sons, and had the good fortune to klM the tiii-eahold. pyilm hmgh and kay MniiKat Bhadaiirfya, wfio Ix-longed to the army of Ikngaah, ae^jiding to the r^.jneat of QillJ him, were promoted to higher ,nam«ihs. SliyAm SmHi had J,o00 i^^Ronal and ww incieMc^ by 500, ,ii,d KAy Mungat was also raised to a higher i,mk.

For a lung time past nows Jnvi come of the iiluess of A-vrf hian ; sometimes the wim got under and

Bornetimea recurred, until he died at Burimnpur in the f>3rd year of his age. HLh undemUnding and capacity eery good. He was ver}- f|uic!i-witted. Hu also wrote poetry. He composed *’ fQmsruu and .^htrin” dedicating it to me, and called ft the " Xfir-nfinin’’ (the writing of lighlM He fmd beam ennobled in the time of my tuverod father and made Vinicr. In the days when 1 was a pnneu he Imd several tirnea done fooli-sh tliiinm and nsc^t tjh-u, and indt5t>d Khusnan Iniijifelf, w LTt? of opinion that after rny accession I would do unpleasant ™gMni to him). In n manner contraly- to what had entered the minds of hiinaelf and othera.

I favoured him and promote! him to the rank of 5 000 proonal and luirse, and after he imd for some timel^cn \ iKier nnth fu 1 authority, neghwted no point in incroaain.^ fn^nr toward, bun. After his death I gave maimai: to hi,s sons and bestowed kindnesses on them. At !a,si

‘ Tbe hiitory cf Xtir, j,#.

ite hiseor}^ of XOrn-eldjin JsJian^lr.

PKATH OV SllliJlI OHAZT. ‘2^5

it Mi’iiii tlfftr tliat liit* dLH|K)ttition and sincerity wert not as tltey should lie, and. conHidering his ovm evil deetlfl. he hwl always Ijeen suspicious with rvgarf to me. They Hay he wtw aware of the conspiracy atid diKturimuce that took place on the Kabul expedition, and had given support to the wretchtsi. Indeed, 1 Imd no confidence that notwitlistanding inj’ lavour and kindness to him he was not disloyal and of perverse fortune.

After a short space of time, on the 2.1tli of the ssimc muiith of Urdibihiaht. the news of llirzA {Ihazfa death arrived. The said JlirrA was of the niling family of Tlintta (Tatta). the trilje of Tarkhani. His father, Slirm JAni, ill the time of my revered father became loyal, and with the Khajikluimin, who had been appohited to’ bis piovince, he bad the good fortune to have the honour of waiting on Akbar near lahore. Hy the royal favour he was given Itia own province, and, choosing himself to wr^e at Court, ho sent his men to the charge and administration of Thatta, and remaimsl in the sen ico white be lived. At last he died at Burhanpur. Jlirm tjhfbsl Klmti. bis aon, who was at Thatta, in aceordanee with the firman of the iate king obtained the gijvemment of tlrnt country. Sa id KMn, who was at Bhakar ( Buk ku r). resieived an order to consoh- iiim and bring him to Court. ITu- aforesaid Khan sent invn to him ti; ivoouimcnd loyalty b) him. At iftst, having brought him to Agra, he procured him the honour of kissing tiie feet of my n-vered father. Me wjLs at Agra wlien my father died and I ascend.sl the thrutie. After f arrivwi at Isihore for the pursuit of Khusrau news came that the Amirs on the borders of Khunnsan had assembled together and ptoceedisl against Qamlahar, and that Sliilh Beg, the governor of tlmt place, was shut up ID the fort and looking out for assistaticv. t>f lu-ccasity an aniiy was app>iiitcd for the relief of Qandaliar under the leadership of MlrrA Ciba*! ‘^^her Amirs and generals. When this army reached the

224 ACCOUNT OF

nuighbourliood of Qundahaiv the imiiy of KhumHiin, not in theET^I vtfis the power to Await it. returned. Mirzk Gliazh having entered Qftndnhar, handed over the country and the fort to Surdar Khiln, who htid been appointed to tlie gov ennnent of tJie place, and ^kh Beg went to hb QViu jagin (ynizi started for Lahore by way of

Bhakar. Sardar J^kxi wojf only a Khort time at Qaridahar before he died, and that province iva?^ again in need of a leader and ni^iAter. Tlib time I added t^andnhar to Thattjr and handed it over to Mirrjl iUiaai. Prom tliftt time till hi^ death he remained there con- tiimon-^ly in performance of the duties of its pmtection and government, Hia conduct towards the disattccted was excellent. it was nix^essary to send a leader bo Qandahar m the place of -^fErza Qltkzl, I appointed AbQd-bi Uzbeg.^ who was at .^lultan and in tliat neigh hour h’TXsl,, to that po^t. I promoted him in rank from LoCM) ptt^mal and l,im horse to :ifiOO pi^rsonal ami home, and honoured him with the title of Bahadur Khan and a standard. The govemornbip of Delhi and the protection and administration of tliat province was conferred on lln^jarrab Khiin. I dignified Riip Kbawm^s, whu wiLs one of the perw>na1 servants of my revered father, vnth the title of Khawasg Khan, and, giving him the rank of t^OOCI personal and oOD Jiorse. bestowed on him the fuujdarsliip of the Sarkar of Qaiiuj. As I had saought the daughter^ of I’ti<|^l J£barip .son of I’timadu-d- danlah, in marriage for iiliqi"ram> iind the tiiarriuge

• ^hoalcl bo Aba-t^-tHibL Bw

• Tlit^ WAH Aiiuimw} BfinC or Om Uvmnio wU^ ot

Sbiili Jabjln aac| tha moilKr of foartwO of K.k diilUrun. £$h& Wim- tho

Tii«M Of^ XAr-Jahan. bfir fAthfir bojcig Xftr-JohAn^ii timifau, tlitf Atfmt

Kl^n TV Aba-UhAan of IkikSv, who Atw hiul tTip mmw* of KiiAo WhJ Vaminu^d-drmUh. TlK^ro in aq mxmnl of the WrothoJ miif WHidmg m tlie Vvub^-tk^tnA, I, 3SS, Jt ™iel^ that the UtrcthiLl look phkco hve yearA ami three laonthn hfifore ibn mArriHge, AnJ whco JaMn WM 15 yeitm old. At the tiiiw of tlje tEuuTLagft ^hih Jfhthi waa

SHAH JAHAN’a SLAJIHIaOK. AiTAinS OF S1>‘D, 225

festival had been airangtid for, I weot on Thursday, 18th KbOi’diUl. to his hovuw, and stAj’cd there oue day and one night. He (Khurtain) preaented otterings and he gave jewels^ to the Begaitia, ajid to his mothers (including stepiiiotherH) and to the female servants of the harem, and dresses of honour to the Aminj.

I sent ‘Ahdu-r-Razzaq, the bakluslii of the palace (darMdna). to settle the country of Thatta (Sind) until a Sanlar should be appointed who could conciliate the soldiery and the eultivators, and so bring tlie pro^nnee into order. I increased his rank and presented hiiii with an elephant and a Rhawl (;«rmrmrta), and sent him off. I uinde ilu’ifflsu-l-imdk hakhshi in his nroin. Kh vrapi Jahan, who had been sent to iirspect the buildings in Lahore and to arrange about them, came in the end of tlds month imd waited on me. aiirziv ‘is* Tarkhan, one of the relations of .Mirza OjaSEl, Imd been appointed to the army of the iJeccaii. I sent for Kim to arrange about the hnsuness of TliatlB, mid un the same day he liad the good fortune to pay hia respecU. As he was deserving of favour, he was given the rank of 1,000 peirwnal and 500 hutse, Tliu disease

30 itlua <uj<l 3 motalu old tw«l Arjontawl Eintt lU years ami

I mOttlli. ISO* ItliOnUd. I Oil, would <!flrT«ipo[nl K* abont the eml of Mar, 181-i but the PfiddiSli-nitf* p™* tbe eve of Friday, 9th KaLl’u-t- nwvikl o( Ittil, cotreRponiHag (a itiiMl Cnilluhi^t, as the day of the inatriagB. Thw wonkl Wfres jioad to Will April, I Bl i so ihal. app^nlly Jebiopr’e vunt to tio house (apparently Itimitlii-d^laolab’a, lint iMKifihly ajih Jahtn’O laok |jJaoa aboat a monlh after On* marriagU. ArjumaiMl BanQ died ia childbml at Burhanpuf lo llMO, nr July, I Wl, the chniuopaiu helog one wntd, Tk. (rhart, * grief.’ SIh- mort have teeu horn id 1S1H, and waa in her fOth year when die dieO. She was not Hhah JahAn’s first wife, far he wa* taarrind Ul (he daughter ut Muftaflar llasain Safawl, a dncendant of Sbih Ihdb’O o( I’amia, in SapHtther, 1610 (Rajah. laiO}, hut the betrolhal to Arjuaiaiid wae eartiar (Jam tius. J( wna in ArjttuiuUrl’i haniour that the TiVj waa tnult.

I refhil. T1*e eorrtSiioMiLiJg laeaagi ia the IiiliAl-idmB, jv •?,

Lue, allows that jowele aiu taeaut. The (mi tuaiia. the pmpoaitica *« befuie Btjamdn,

1 $

226

OF JAHAyora- Al-rOiytiTKNTd,

of M hftd affect<jd 1113 * health. By the advico

of the ph 3 ’s[ciaiis)! on Wediif^Miji 3 \ tlie (date not given) of the said Eiientb, I drew about a kit (a#ar)" of blood from my loft a™. An great lightno^^’^ resulted, it occurred to tile that if they were to t^ll bloCKl-lotting * lighteniiig * it wotdd be well. Nowada. 3 -^ thiH expres^sion ia made use of. To 3!u[jarmb Khm, who liad bled tnCj I gave a jewelled hli^ipwa (dagger), Kinbaii LhLs, nccountaut of the elephant department and stable, who from the time of the late king until now hm been the clerk in ehaige of two depart 111 cntH, and for iigoH had been hopeful of the title of Eaja and the rank of 1,000 personal, and befort? this hod been gratitied with a title, now had the rank of 1,000 conferred on him. Miral Hustam, son of Sultan Husain Mirza l^afawl, who had been appointed to the army of the Deccan, I scat for at Mh request. On Satiirfiay, the 9th of the month of Tlr, he catne with

hiK sons and waited on me. He made an offering of

a ruby and forty-six royal peurU [ increased the rank of Taj Kban, the governor of Bhakar^ who was one of the old Amirs of this State, by 500 personal and horse.

Tlie tale of the death of RhaJ^^at Khan is a vciy fltrangy adair. After he liod performed HUch services and Islam Khan had given him leave to go to the Soirkar

of Orissa, one night on the road lie was riding on

a female -elephant ehmikcindi^tlr^ (?in a square howdah or four-pillared canopy), and liad given a young eunuch a place behmd him. When he left hb camp they" had

• ■coai^tka of bl»d* l jtrfffit ot ftdn* is. to nieon

It Mllectkia or gutherin^. Se« l.iiBwi* iS, vhttTJS bavo

fcifra jjo’bJ ^ntkan-D, in spitfl &f hw bfSvp rBtid3 rjidn jsfrti 410(1

tmaAktes * A0 ^eiinkvalw/

■ wtinh. nocordlDg- to Forbte, k « sir weight.

• Forlupf it was msly what in cMljetl w. unit JWt wi

howdah.

DEIATU OF SHUa’aT KHIS.

fostciuKl up an okphant that was iii heat on the toad. From the noise of the horses’ hoofs and the iiiovemeut of the horsemen he attempted to break his chain- On this account a ^rcat noise and conftiHton took pla^ When this noise reached the car of the cunUch, he in a state of tjewildennent awoke g^jaja’at who was

asleep or in the insensibility of wine, and said; " An elephant in heat has got loose and is coming in this direction." As soon as he lieard this he became confused and threw himself ilown ftom the front of the cliaukandi. When he threw himself off his toe stmek agaiiLst a stone and was tom open, and he died in two or tht» daj^ of that same w’onniL In short, from hearing this affair 1 was completely beMdldcied, Tliat a brave man on the mere hearing of a er>’ or a won! coming from a child should become so conftiscd and throw’ himself down without control from the top of an elephant is in truth a matter of amaMment. The news of this C^-ent reached me on the iSth of the mouth of Tir- I consoled h» sons with kinchu-sews and the conferring of offices. If this accident had not happtmed to him, as he had done notable service, he would have obtained exaltation with ^eatcr fjivoura and

ciltinCJt ngairwt

fclaui Khan Imd sent 160 male and female cleplmnta from Bengal; they were brought liefore me and p]ac<.>d in uiy private clepliant stablea. RAja Tekchaml the I^ja of Kumaon. asked for jeavc to depart As m the timo of my father there bail been given to his father lOO horses, I gave him the same number as well as an elephant, and while he was at Court bestowed on him dresses of honour .md a jewelled dagger. Also to his brothett. 1 gave dresses of honour and botses. I pttssented him with his territory according to prerious arrangements, and he went back to his home happy and succesaful.

Vf:ilsrFlCATJ 0 Kf 5 .

3Sfl

It )i&ppeaefl Incid^iat&lly tliat this vlw of the AniitTi-]- miiam w&a quoted :—

‘“Pafisip O Mw^ai-bp oW tih 4 ht2ti4’i of um ifi^m bjf love;^

Thy Mtoriihg one hh IB ■ hnodml miirdefw,“ «

An 1 Jtave & poetical dj&pftiitiou I s^methiieN inten- tiouaJly and $»aiiietiuie!i involuntarily coinponie couplets and quatraintiL So th-^^ following oouplet cnnie into tuy” head

**Tqfn tiOt thy chwt, wfehcibt thee I cAnnut Jive a mmocot j For thee to hrmk one heArt ht h^caJ a hundrDd itteMcrs."

\VTien I fiqd recited thiH, cverjrone who lind a pot^ticail vein compacted a coupliiit in the sanie iiKjdti!, 31iiUfi “All Ahmadp^the scal-engtaver^ of wliom an account hm been given preWounly, hod not said badly—

0 Cf»W^ fear tVbB weejiing of the old vjcitncr;

Thy hreAking one ju- m eqti*l m w. limHlrtd murder?/’

Abu-l-fatb DakhanT* who svm one of tho most con¬ siderable of ‘Adil Khiln’a Aiiiitw, and hud two yearn previously taken to b^ing loyal and had entered himself among tho leaders of the victorious anny, on the lOtli

^ tlifli referetic* i» to the X-^ioh an thfl rt^itorcr ta lifn hy br£A|h. For by/ Eriikine htid in hm MS. mcrijMmr,

" piui>f Apparently tho vai?** tluit it i# mom inericorroiii

for tho Mcfiflijih to Omi m&a to lifo tJuui it mb for anolhoT to ahiy

a handreil inidcL^

■ ^All Ahmwil died Modclonly tw ymm biifcKi] ualM indeed tbo pfttuinge At fK ms rtffcTsi to tho niimid Aud not to “All AEmtod. lW;iftbly tbfl mofuun^ Ia thn.1 “Ali Ah nuul h^j nuido thin couplet on fiome pmviottA ocouaonp and that mm uf tho oourtMln now C|Uotod it, Hti* Vbtw nbotlt the hujHlrnL murdorm nwy oontain a plliy on the m^rd * IIockJ/ oud

refer to iho ffpiUinR of the f>lood Uko win*. It U Uj moult to uodonitond W J4daAngir cwmo to iatrodow the verH* into hf» Momoir? hm, Jt dOto not to have any ooutwetion with the account of the Raja

of Kumaon. Johati^r aiiyH it waip quoted " sttddontoUy,* iid PerhapH tlw wxinS. \mv miiann * by wjiy of tutrody/ or " Iry way of |:*»]diRhM/ In the MS. umd by Emkine die woitbi of thu flnrt line ftmm to Lm Afa^M^r hi;tr 4iir-4%ttclp and w En^hitiB tnuiuktcB JWi

not, O Mramah, the lieadH of us victiEiui of lovei.^* I^rhaj»>

tBoaft§ " do not ptm by/

^ Thbi ill the iMkhnnj ohieC mgnrionod prnvioosly at p.

appoiktuots.

■229

of AinurdAd Wftited on me, und being (leccpted by my griice and favour had buatowcd on him a ejK^ial sword Mid a mbe of honour, and after some dft3’» I ftLw gave him a Kpeciai hcrec. Klmiijagl MiiUamiiuul IfuMin.

who had gotio to Kislimir aa tho deputy for liia brothers eon, when lie wa. entieHed in hU mind with the atate of affiuw of that place, came oti the same day and waited on me. Ah a Sardar wa-^ needed to be sent for the govomowhip of Patna and the rule of tliat place, A occurred to me to send illrzii Bnatam. Having iaw<d hie rank from 5.000 per^iml and 1,600 hor» to 5.000 personal and horse, on the 26th .Jun.iida.«i«ni, coi^- aponding to tlie 2nd Shalirlwar. I gai;e him the Rovernment of Patna, and K-stowing on him a HpecuU elephant, a horn uHth ft jewelled saddle, b award, and » superb dre^ of honour, ^

His sons and the of his brother MuraHar f nsam

Khan llirai’I wem exalted with incrcoHcd rank, ekphimts. horses, and dr«vses of honour, and sent off with him. I appointed Bay Dulip to support

bis miidence was n.w that place, he collerted a ^ bodv of niBii for that serviw, I increased hm rank ny

^ ;L,™I .»1 Lon., » th,. it !.«.»» .

1,000 horn, and oL^ gave him on ciephant

Dakbatii had obtained a jagir lU the tsu*”

and that neighbourhood. He was dismissed ,n Jlmt

he might administer his jagir and iM ‘ ”

and government of that country as well. Khusmu Bi

of Mewar. HLs rank of SOO personal and dOO home was now increased to 1.<KK) personal and 509 home, and 1 also presented him with a home. As 1 had my eye on the 1 service of Muriarrab KbAn. it ^ nm

that I must not pass by the desire nf hts heart. I hod

iBi™ho,«ia.p.H.V II,«i-liaKssW(whibmd-fHashi».

230

SOIAH W£IOKl£I?iT.

irKTrcajh^d his rank and he had obtained good jagirs, but he longed for a standard and diums, and he waa now honoured with these as well, Mftlib. the adopted atm of IQiwaja Bcg.lirryii Safawl, was a youth of great bravely and aeni. I gave him the title of Khanjar l^Jjan, and made him eager in the service.

On Tliutisduy, the 22nd Shahnwiir, corresponding wnth 17tli Bajab, 1031, the feast of my solar weighing took place in the house of Maryam‘-aamftni. It is on approved custom with me to weigh myself in this manner, Hie late king Akhar, who was the place of manifestation of kindness and grace, also approved of the custom, and twice in every year weiglied himself agaiiust several sorts of metals, gold, silver, and many precious articles, once accuttling to tlie Bolar And once according to the lunar year, and di^-ided their total value, which was worth about a lakh of mpees. among fAi)iw and needy pcgplv. 1 also observ’e tJiis annuiU ctistoui ami weigh myself m the same tuanner, and give those valuables to fa4|irs. ilii’taiiid Khan, Diwan of Bengal, who had been relieved from that service, prodqced before mo the sons and brntliera and some of the sciwants of ‘Usiiiiiij, whom Islam Khan had sent w’ith him to the Court. Tlje charge of each one of the Afghans was entnteted to a responsihle servant Then he (.Mu’taqid) produced his own offering, which consisted of twenty-five elephants, two rohicH, a Jewelled phal htfam^ {a kind of tlaggcr), trustworthy etinuclis, Bengal stuffs, etc. .Mir SJiiiin, son of .Sultan Kfiwaja, who was in the Deccan army, obtained the honour of kissing the threshold and gave a ruby as an offering. As between Qilfj Khan, leader of the army of Bangui

. I?**. l™lf. iMrraw da^r. Blochnumn’s Avln,

pL »U, %. tt. Bd( Uw -vord iiAjq/ (flowcrj is oiaanrt. (Vrlups it mmni lha koat Of Cnpcbet of iewrf, e>l|td by Chordin, iv. 1(4. ed. Beam, •’ qaa ^soigno raode il* piErreriw,” u>d vhicii. bo mys, tho IVlMibMl, called

• row lifl-

APFOlNTMtSTS- DEATH OF AMTrU-L-VHARI,

331

on the borfet-fi o£ Kabo], imd the Amin* o£ that Snb^. who had been fient a» companions to him his

leadetship, there were quarrels, e«p«;iftUy vatli lyjim Daurftn. I sent libwaja Julian to make emiUiry ^ to which side was in fault On Uie Utl, of the month of llihr. Mn’toqid Simn was nppointed to the high digniy of bakbshi, and hw mmisab was raised to 1.000 penwn^ and 300 horse. Kaising for the second time the mansftlw of Mnqnrrab Klimi a little. I made it 3.500 pi.rsonal and I 500 horse by an idcrcose of 500. On the representa mn of the Khnnkhanan, Faildan KhTui Barifts w.» tmsed to the m«n.-^b. oHgiml and increas… of 2.500 pe^mU and 2.000 liORse. R«y Manohar received that of I fiQO and SOO horse, and B/ija Bir Singh l>eo that of 4.0^ personal and 2.200 horse-. Bterat. -irandium of Ramcla nd Lidihd,. 1 . after the latter * death hononr«l with the title of Raja, tbi the 2Sth Abaii. Zafar ^a’h ^a ff come according to summons from the bubah waited on me. He brought as ottennga a imby imd three pearls. On the Otb A^r. conx-oponding with the Srd ghawwol. ne.^ came from

Ainirud -omaTft had died on -1’’ ^ "

the parganah of Mhalpur. After the dlpcss he had at

UiiZ hi.a intelligence appeared to V«

loss of memory liapiicned to him. tie wn. r> - It is sioi that he left no son capable “

favour. Chin Qilij Khan

WOH at Peshawar, on the 20tli A^. and offered (on li^ fathers behalf) 1W> muhts and 100 rupees, and also

‘^ L w «■ w- O’;;

of a home and doth stotT* <‘"<1 '

j,-ovemijient of Beliar 1 peomot*.-d Zafar if the trustworthy hoiise-bont one# and and increasing h» mansah by 500 p-monAl and hot#^ I made it up to S.fHK) persona) and 2,m hoise. _

honouring bis brother# with robe# of honour and horse#.

2.3-2

death of ft a LI Sf a SLfLTAX,

allowed then, to go off to that provinoo. He had alwaw.

that he niight obtain ffomo aeparato Morvtce id order that he might show his natural aWlity, I also desired to praro him and toake this scnito the touch- ^oiie by which to try him. As it was the for

travellmg and Jinnting, on Tuesday, tlie 2nH Zi-J-oa^da (L5th iX’Cember. I(jl2), corresponding with the 4th Day, 1 left Agra floth the intention of hunting and encniupod jn the Dahrah garden, remaining tlicre four daj-s,! On r^c wftHie iriDnth tho news came of the death

of Salima SnltSn Begam, who had been ill in the city. Her mother was GnKrukh Begam, daughter of King BaW, and her father Miriai Xfira-d-dln Muhaiiimad. of tho ^ac^sJ,^amd^ Khwajoa She w™ adorned witl» all good qaalities. In women this degree of shill and capaeity is seldom found. Fi.M. HnnUlyai,, by way of kindnes.s (to ^iram). had betrothed her who was his sister’s ^Ugliter to Bain’iin Khan. After his death, in the beginning of the reign of tlio bte king Akhar, the manage took place. After the said Khan had been killi^, toy revered father married her himself, She r^itied mercy (dienl) in the GOth j-ear of her a<m.- On the same day I marched from the Dahrah gulden and 1‘tii.mdu-dMiaalah to bnr^- her (lit lift her up), uml ordered him to place her in the building in the Mandakar

S.IiS»”diSrwlr^"^ Ituin ton, tbLy», j„ pa the ef

8*11’Vbj. FBrhajie theileCe Itllh

W-. I. U»

i»i.’uirSlTk’‘a!.!T’!If’ .S’”"* *• *"’•

y«o. ow. &; n’SmtS’

far tWM ^ * r . ^ ^ flJad HU urtielfl HI

r;r.ir^.”:r:£,r

ADFOlNTSliaTS.

333

annkn which Bha her^lE hiid nwie. On tho lith of L mopth c£ L%. Minsp -All Be- Akbvrshfihi the «™iy of the rk-«*m imd waited oii me.

Jatu’up whom 1 had despatched to the Sfll^U of returoed on the 21 moi’th and ^

BH-. The time for hia {joing coming hud es eni tJ to three months and eleven dej-^ He brought twelve niuhrH and twel™ mpeeu a* an oflenng- ® same

Riim Dfla ui«o came from the of the Deccan and paid hb respeeta. and inade an oHcnng o£ 101 mnhn^ Aa robs of honour for the winUr «ea» had not been sent to the Amira of the De^n they we^ forwarded by the Imnd of l.Iayot Eham As the port of Smat hud been asaigned in jagir

that Chin Qilij (Tii« -1’) ^ , t

^„Uanahip and ^mhibtratmrn On ^

Sd a dre^i of honour, and tomg lionoured wAh a di^^

of hoooor and the title of and a

leave to go. For the purpoae of advmmg the m of Kabul. S on account of the dl.^t,mnto ^hat aprung up between them and QiUj Kbao. I

, t »Ti,eledt of this fttrtte.

Husain who yva^^ of the ancitni- i-

Hi, .ld,r b^lh… Jlul,.n.l~.l «*»!“ KW”’ ‘"

„{ ,,0, K,.ml f.llm »»■’■>■> P*“‘ [‘’■“[■."‘I

Hain-a U««» - «” ‘r.,Tt utJ

«r.«nt., .ml W’l .".pi"} ™""’" “ “■*

iat.,d«t of the kitchen <toM..e.J> end left n„ «,« end ,» Wl«-. end net . j’

movieUehe or «hiekci» eppeeeed rat hlio. At to lime

STv^hino h» H»k. ver,- ehrill,-, »d «•«* ^ed ep™. i 5*h.n.«», Kb»n, -hen. to

L «el fm,. Bortmoper to teJte eerttun reptwentehon..

234

APP0JNX3II^:.\TS. humiko.

tome on the JStfi of the same month and waited on tiie. He presented lOO imihrs and 100 rupees. As the affiiiol of the Dew^. in consequence of the liiwty proeeedinea of ‘Abdu-llah Khfiji and the treaeliery of the An lira did not ptesent a good prospect, the Daklumis obtained an opportunity for speaking and began to talk of peace to the Amirs and well-wiahera there. ‘AdiJ ^Qian embraced tlie robe of loyalty, and prayed thftt if the aHkirs of the Deccan were eiitnv^ted to him he wonJd .so atrangL. that some of the dLstnets which laid hecfi taken out of the ^sse.^ion of the officera of tl.o .?tat« should he restored Tlio loyal ones, looking to the Jiecewities of the time, represenfed this, and a licttlement of some hind was arrived at, and the Kliankluinaii undertook to settle matters, ‘Die Khan A-jtam was al.so desirous of putting’ down the rebel Kana. and k-gged for this sen ice by waj o obtaining merit (aa a He was ordered to go to

Jidwa. whjcli was hi,s jagir, and after amuiging muttera tliere to take up this duty. The iinuLsab of Ahu-hhi Uabegi was increased hy t.DOO peraonal and 5Q0 Jmrae to 4,000 peraonal and rh,500 liorae. y[y hunting went on for 2 months and 20 days, and during that time I went out every day to hunt. As not more than ,50 or fiO days remained before the world-iUnminhig xVew Year. I retuniJd, and on the 24th Isfaiidiyftr uijcaiiiped in the fMiiah gardem Tlie eourtiere and some of the mansabdara. who by Older Imd remained in the city, came on that day and waited on me. Miiqamb Khan presented a decorated jar. h rank hats, and a jewelled sparrow (f), I remained three daj-s ID the garden, and on the 2Tth Isfaiidiyilr entered the aty. During tin’s time* 22M head of deer etc;

■5 iiilgaw 2 boan*. 30 cranes (or herons), ete,, and 1,4.57 tifih were killetL

c’t,^ “Sf ^ Aba.n.imhi. Ha had the titia of

Eidivliir bw Ma^aMiTU.t.a^larLi f 400 In *1,.. ai.i» - —.

m be !, C^te.1 Aba.l.4r ’ Akbar-i^ „i.

• This toQjrt «for lo tfan 2 ai»i 2fl da^R of hnating.

I

CELEBBATIOXS.

235

’Jhe Eiuhth New Yeak aftem the auspicious

Accessio;^

The eighth year after uiy accession, correspouding Mubarrani, 1022. Oa the night of ThntHday, the 27th jMubarr&ni, corresponding with the 1st Farw’ardhi in tlie eighth year after my aoceasion, after gharis of day ha4 clapped, his honour the sun parsed fwin the tsonstellatioa of Piscea to that of Aries, whicli ia his abode of rejoiciiig and victory. Early in the morning of the New Years Day the feast was prepared and adorned after the custom of every year. At the end of that day I sat on the throne of State, and the Amira and niiiiisters of the State and the courtiere of the palace came to salute and «>ngratulate me. On these days of happy augury I i^at the wliolc ilay in the public audience hall. Those w ho had auj-thing to ask or claim presented their petitions, and tlie offeringH of the servants of the pahice wera laid, hefore me. Ahu-I-bl, governor of Kandahar, had sent for an olTeriug fn«i horsea and hunting dogs, and they were brought Ijcfore me. the 9th of the same month Afsfal Kb’vn conns from the SuUh of Behar.and isi waiting on me preHcntcfl lOO mubre iLDil 100 nipotM, afil well iis an elephant. On the I2th tlie olTering of Ptimadu^bdaulah was laid before me, consisting of jewels, clotlw, and other things. That which pleased me attained to the dignity of occeptontt. Of the clephanto of Af^ial Khan’s otfering ten others were inspect^ o« this day. On the 13th the offerings of Tarhiyat Khan wore kid before me. Mu-taqid KliAn bought a hotue at Agra, and passed some days in tlint place. Misfortune* happ*med to him one after anotlier. We have heard that proapi-nty and bad luck depend on four things: dret, upon 3 ‘our wdfa;

u.cbr«rkTMl invnn vour

,,nnn vour slave j third, upon your hoiue; fouc^.

236

ACCOUST of jrAGBS.

say it I.H mfttllible. One must chat n amnll pieeo of tlm wtfl ftom earth, and a^jain rti-uw the earth upon the same ^und. If It cover it, one may call Jt niiddlin<j gtwd fortune for that house, neither prosperity nor uiisf^I^rtune; If It becomD (i.e. does not cover it exaetjy) it points to ill-luek, and if it does more (timn cover it) it «t fortuimto and auNpiciomi. On the Uth the rnanaab of I tibftr lOian 7^ 1.000 and 300 hone to 2,000 pemonal and

5M Iiorse. I mereoaed the mansab of Tarbiyat Khhti by 500 peraonai and 50 horse, so that it became 2,000 persona! and «50 Iiorae. Hftshari-, son of fsifim ghnn, who was in Bengal hm father, came at thia time and paid hi.n

He brought with iiim wine Hughs, whiMe country is near Pegu and Arracan, and the country is still m their possession. 1 made boh, a enquiries na to their customs and religion. BrieHy they are animals in the form of mem Tiiey eat e^nei^-thing there is either on land W in the »ea. and nothing is forbidden by their mJiidon. They eat vnth anyone. They take into tlmir poase^.ion their sisters by another mother, fn face they ate like the Qara Qalmiiqs, but their language is t!iat of Tibet And quite unlike Turkh TJiere is a range of mountains, one end of whicli touches the province of Kashdiar and the other the country of Pegn. They have^projair religion nr any customs that can be interpreted «.h religion.

They aii^ far from the Musnlnuin faith and aepamtod froiii that of th^ HindiKi,

or three dajns before the gharaf (the sun’s highest point) my wn Khurtaiu desimd me to go to his house that he might prewnt his .Vow Year’s ofTerings from tliat place.

I a^al to his request, and remained for one day and one »g a s house. Ho pre.wnted !iis olferiugH, f took what I approved of and gave him lack the rest, ‘The nest day 3furt^ Khi’m ppe.sented hi offerings. Every day until the day of culmination the offeringa

of one or of two or tlin* of the Amim were laid Ufore mt

ArPOlSTMESTS.

237

On Moi«Uy, tilts I9th Farwnrdln. the iLsseiably of the f^araf wiw held. On that auspscicais dny I »«* ™ throne of State, and an order was given that they should produce all sorto of intosicaling thinga, such aa wine, etc., 80 that every one according to liis desiro uiight lake what he liked. 51 any took wine. The ofieixngs of ilnliabat lyiiln wero on this day brought to me, I gave one gold Tiiuhr of l.OOtl tolas, which is called the star of deatiuy (kaukub-Hm. to Yadgftr ‘Ali Si.an, the niahi^idor of the ruler of Imn. The feast went oft well. After the afisembly broke up I ordered that they might carry off the furniture and decorations. Tlie offering of the Mmiarinb Khan had not Wn amingcd on New Year’s Day, A1 rorts of roreties and excellent proeents were nrm- produced which he had collected together. Amongst other*, twelve Iriui and Arab homes that had Wu brought m a ship, end jewelled aftddlcs of Frank workmanship^ wero pr^ duced lieforo me. To the luaosab of Nawiizish U^u 500 home were added so - to make It one of 2.000 i^i^nal and hopw. An elephant called Bansibodan. which Ishua Khan bad sent from Be^ugal, was brought to among my sp«ial vlephanta On the tlrdibih^t. Kliw^a Vadgftr. brother of AbdudJah J^mn enme from (iujarat and waitt-d on me he othnsi ^ ngi

mnhia. After ho had been in attendance a few days he waa honoured wHth the title of iSardar Khan, As a com- petent iiaklmhi had to be sent to the army of Ibrngasb and tlmco regions 1 chose Mu’taqid KiiAn for this duty, and incri-a-sed bis manaab by 30<) pemonal and 50 so

tlmt it became i.500 with 350 horse, and dmmiiffled hmi. It was settk-d that he must go quickly, I sent off Muhammad Husain Chclebl. who midetstood the purcbi^ of jewels and Collecting cmiomtics. with money to go by

. The ilSS. m the AM. m h»-.

fdjnnjn ^

338

13XFEEri£K>TS WITH MfSIlVA.

way of Iraq to CoiwtaDtinopJo and buy and bring for tlio Sarkar curiosities and tareties, For this purjxsw it was iiocesaary that lie should pay his respects to tlio ruler of Iran. I had given tilm a letter and a menioranduui (of what he M-as to ptocure). Briefly, he saw my bmtlier, Sh&h ‘Abbas, in .Mashhad, ajid the king enquired from him what kind of things ahouid be brought for hie iiiaeter’s Sarkar. As lie w,w urgent, Chelebi showed the list he hvl brought with Jiim. In that list thenj wei^ entered good turquoise and mUml^a (bitumen) from the mine of Ispahan. He told him tliat tlieae two articles were dot to be bought, but he would send them for me. Ho authoriard Uwaisi Tflpcht(gunner), who wius one of Ids private servants, to hand over to him six bugs of turfjuoise

earth holding about 30 soors, until 14 tolus of mumiya and four Iraq horses, one of which was a piebald, and he wrote n letter Coiitjuaing mnny, many expressiom of fnencLship. With regard to the inferior qualltj’ of the turfjuoise dust (M«lTtf>and the small quantity of luuuiiya he made many apologies. ‘J’he khaka appeared very inferior. Although the jewellers and tiiakem of rings made every endeavour, no stone that was fit te be made into a linger ring could pnxiuced. Ptoliably in the.st* days turquoise dust is not procurable froui the iiiiues such as it was in the time of the late king Tahmasp. He mention^ all this in the letter. With regard to the effect of mumija I had heard much from scientists, but when I trii^ it no result was apparent. 1 do not kuow u-hether physicians have exaggerated its effect, or whether its eflicacy had been lessened by its being sUle. At any rate f gave it to ft fowl with a broken leg to drink in larger quantity tlian they .said and in the manner laid down by the physieians, and rubbed some on the place where it was broken, and kept it there for three dajTi. though it was said to I* aufficieut to keep it from morning till evening. But after I had examined it, no effect was produced, and

APP01>‘T»EN"rS.

239

th« place ™ir,ed as it was.‘ Ib a letter

the Shah had written a rMommendation of halnwu-llah, the Arak I immediately inciKflwjd his maiisab aiirt hw

o»« ot «.r p-ivofe el.plm»f. .ill. l«ppi»g. to ‘Abdti-llali Shan and gave another to Qily U’a«- I urdewd lliat awijnimeiite {kinkk^»ih) should l‘»000 hoTso on the establishment* o£ ‘Abdii-lai Sjan at the rate of three horses and two horse* for each As prtjviouHly with a dew to st.r^ice ^

increased the man^ib of hi* brother 8aidw biiin b> oW personal and 300 horse, and had afterward o^igried the Ly to Kamil Khftn. 1 ordered that he should retain h^ increase and that it should counted (permanently) m his maiisah. 1 increased the rank of SarfatAz wlrich was that of 1^00 perMual and 500 horra‘, by horse more. On the 37th Uidlbihis±t. eorrespondiug with the 2(5th Kahm-hawwal, in the eighth year of my re,^^ in the year 1033 of the Hijra eta. on Ihumilaj. the meeting for my Irmar weighing took place rn the Uoaot- o Maryarmzarnant (hi. mother). Some of the ^

vms weighed I cmlered to be given to the women and d.«en i4 ones who had a*«embl«i in my rriother a hou^. So theLme day I iucreo-sed by 1 OOO the marmab o Murta# KI-. that it came to 0.000 Ea^rsomd and .xOOO

’ ,Ti)hfin|r1r’ii ‘»«nLf Becm (e iwplj thrt ‘^sod

d«i to -r s<»-t «„ ita

X-U sox* -t:

a iitiiii™ -«»“j.” “»“

».l.i..i«.. .1.

Ol Wili»ir’* Gto«ry.

240

rAIRINO OF CHIIETAHS TIOEHS.

horse. Jihusmo B^g, a. «|ave of Mi«a KIjhu, came from Patna in the company of ‘AbcIu-r-Bmwtfiij Jfa’muri and waited on me, and S&idar brother of ‘Abda-llab

Kiinn. obtained leave to go to AIimodalMd. An Afglion brought froin the Carnatic twogoata that hofl jMsahar (bt‘»Mr stones, an antidote against poiaon), I had always h^rd that an animal timt haa poaahar is very thin and inieerahle, hat these goats were very fat and freak I ordered them to kill one of them, which was a fetniiie. Four poKahar atones became apparent, and tiiis great astonJaltment.

It IS iui estnbliahed t&Ant tliat esIieetjilL^ in ttniiccu^tciDed plaots do not pair otf vdth a female, for iny revered father once collected together 1.000 chcctalLs. Ho was vety dewroua that they slionld pair, but this in no %%‘ay came off He iiad many times conpied male and female cheetahs topither in gardens, hut there, too, it did not come ofF. At this time a umlo cheetah, Iiamng -ilipped ita collar, went to a female and paimi with it, and after two and a hnif months three young ones a-en? bom and grew up. This lias U’cn recorded bccanse it appeared strange. Ah choetaiLH did not pair with che^italis, (still leas) Imd it ever been heard in former times (?) tliat tigers mated in captivity. Ah ill the time of my reign wild beasta have abandoned theix savagery, tigers have iKOOiae so tame that troops of them witJiout chains or restraint go about amongst the people, and they neither liann men nor liave any wildness or alarm. It happened that a tigress became pregnant and after tliree monttis bore three cubs; it Imd never happened that a Wild tiger after its capture had paired. It had hreii heard from philosophers that the milk of a tigress was of great use for brightening eyes. .Uthgagh we made every etfort that tlie moiattrro of milk should appear in her bn^ts, we could not acdomplish ft It occurs to me tlmt as it ia ft raging creature, and milk appeam in the breasts of mothers by reason of the atFectioa they have for tiieir

EXCURSION* BIJILBINO OF A

2U

youn^, m nulk * corner into their bren^ti [n eoiiiiiM::tIo]| Mrith their youn^ on^ drinking and utiekinj^ at the time of their taking; (the milk), their (the uiotlicrs’) increases and the milk in their breaata is dried up.

At the end of Urdibiliisht, Qnaim, brother of

i^wAja At^d^^1-^JVzu!, who is of the Nm|^handl Khwajas, came from MawnrA’a-ii’imhr luid waikd on me. After a few dnya 12000 rupeea were given to him na a preaentp Ak ^ihw^ya Jnli^n Iiiid oisde a melon-bed in the neighbom% hood of the city* when two watches of day had passed on Thursday, the lOth KhOtdai]. I got into a boat and Went to inspect the melon^bed, and took the ladles with me^ We reached there when two or three glisris of day Were left, and passed the evening in walking lunong the beds. A wonderfully aliarp wind and wliirlwund sprang up, so that the tents and Bcreens fell down^ I got into the Ixiat and passed the night in it 1 also pas:^ part of the Friday m w^alkiiig al)Out the muIon-lK^], niid returned to the city, Af^-aJ Khan, who for a long time liad been afllicted >vith boils and other isorea, <iied on the 10th Ktifirdad. ^ transferred the Jagir and hereditaiy land of Rttja Jagioan, who luid failed in his »er\dca in the iJeocam, to MahAbnt KhanJ Shaikh Pir^ w’ho b one of the t^moncipated ones w’ho hold aloof from the attachments of the age. and who on aceoont of the pare friendship tliAt he Ijears towards me has chosen to be my companion and servantp Imd before this founded a □io!»£|ue in tJiO parganah of ilairthn^ wlildi b hb native place. At this time he took occasion to mention the circiiznstance. As I found hirt mind licnt oil the completion of this building I gave Mm 4,000 mpeca, so that he himsell might go and expend it, and also gave him a valuable

I The 9 dnUiw ^ary obAcun). ^8. Na ISl 1.0. hut iJpAn^ ‘blocsd,’ ^ * SA" mod pcHiapa the m*iuiig u hiood |d tb? kifi3i«tii

in™ to mitt Oil MecHiiit of fwr tlielr eabi, mnd UiAa tbe sockiia^ thje Later incTwWB the iflotlier’s lucuml feroeiiy wid the m\k dfiiB up,

1«

342

ALTEH.iTIONS IN* AVDIEME HALL,

shiLwJ and disriiiiised hint. In tilt’ public lUidicncE! ball there were two militigs {Tn/iAjftr) of wood. Inside the first, Atnire, amWsadors, snd people of honour Siit. and no one entered this circle without an order. Within the Bwoiid railing, which is broader tlmn the first, the maiisabdars of inferior ronk,’ aJmdis, and those who had work to do are admitted. Outside this railin^f stand the servants of the Amirs and all the people who may enter the Diwankhana. As there was tio difterence between the first and second railinga, it occurred to me that r should decorate the tirnt wdth silver, 1 ordered this railin^f and the staircase that led from this railing to the balcony of the Jharoklia. us well as the two elephants placed on the two sidt« of the seat of the Jliaroklia, which skilful people hari laade of wood, to be decorated wntJi silver. After this was completed it was repotted to me that 125 manndis of silver in Hindustani weight, cfjual to 8fi0 mauiids of Persia, had Ijeen used up; indeed. Jt now assunied a worthy appeanmee.

On the 3rd of the month of Tlr, lluMlfhr Kban eamo from Thatta* and waited on me. He mode an offijring of tWelt e muhre and a Koran with a je weJ led cover, and two jewelled roses (?) (du (fiU). On the Uth of the same month Safdnr Shan came from the Suliah of Behar and waited on luo, offering 101 riiuhra. After Mi^jiffar Sbiin bwl been some days in attendance,

I increaaed hia former rnansab by aOO personal, and giving him a standard and a private shawl dismissed him to TJiatta.*

I knew tlint every animal or living thing bitten by a iiind dog died, but this Imd not Ijcen ascertained in

’ IntheR.Vt. MJjg. tba WDnlg ire B^djijnWareji-i.rfsI.uiQjifnt, T1iea« \mxt two Wisds w^lin^ in thft lest ■ Teirt hut a>r. ilSS. ThAtt^L.

• Teit hfip ptatha-

TTVO KLEPIlAVfS DIE OF HYDRO PHOBIA,

243

thf CA»c of nil tiepliant lu my time it so liftppeii.kMl that erne night n mad dog cflinc into the plaet whenj waa tieil one of my private elephnots, (.jajpntt ^ by name, and bit the foot of n female elephant that was with mine. She nt oneo cried out. The elephant-keepers at once tan in, and the dog Hed away into a thorn-bmke tliat is there. After a little wliile it cniiie in again and hit my private elephant’s fore-foot a.H well. The elephant killed it. When a month fuid tive days had passed after this event, one day when it was clfiudy the growling of thunder cnine to the ear of the female elepluuit, that wa« in the act of eating, and it of a .sudden raised a cry and its limha liegan to tremble. It threw itself on the gmtuid, but rwte again. For seven days water nin out of its mouth, then Kuddeiily it uttered a cry and aliowetl distresR, Thu remedies the drivers gave it had no effeet, and on the eighth day it fell and died. A month after the death of the feinaie elephant they took the large elephant to the edge of the river in the plain. It was cloudy and thundery in tJie same wa}’. The oaid elephant in the height of esciteinent all at once began to trumble and sat down on the grouiwL With a thousand difficulties the drivers took it to it« owii place. After the same interval and in the aaiue way that had happened to the female elephant this elephant also dirtl. tircat atnazeiaent wa,-* caivicd by this ntfiiir, and in truth it is a matter to be wondered nt that an animal of such siw and bulk should be bo much affectrtl by a little wound inHieted Oft it by such a weak creature.

As KlianWiAuan luid repeatedly begged for leave to be given to his son Shfth-nawaas SM". on the 4th Amurdad I gave him a horse nntj a robe of honour and di.‘imb^id him to the Deccan. I promoted Yn’qdb BadaWgilii. whose

• Toit Kachy, but St is ClujpftU In KM. MSS-

244

HlS’DU CASTiai.

mansab was 150, to 1,500 personal and 1.000 horae, on itccount of the brnveiy he Jiad dl>iplayed. and gave him the title of Khan as well as a standard.

The Hindmf are in four divisions, and each of these acta according to its own rules and ways. In every year they keep a lised day. The first m tJic caeto of the Brahmans,‘ that fa, those who know the liicoiiiparablc God. Their duties arc of sis khids—(1) to act|niro reJigious knowledge, (2) to give instructiotis to others. (3) to worship Hre. (4) to lead men to tiie worahip of fire, (5) giving sornetbing to the needy. (B) takhig gifts, There is for this caste an appointed day, and that Ls the last day of the month of S<iWAn, the second month of the rainy season,* Tlicy consider this an auftpicious day. ami the worabippens go on that day to the Iwnks of rivers and tanks, and recite encliantments, breathe upon cords and coloured threads; on another -lay. which is the tirst of the ^‘ow Year, tlicy fasten them on the hands of the Kajas and great mcti of tiie titne, and look on them as (good) omens, Tlicy caJl this thread «iI-Ar,* that is, preservation (trij/riA-dlciMj!). Tins day occurs in the month of Tir, when the world- heating sun is in the constellation of Cancer. The second caste fe that of tlie ChLatri, which is known as Khatrf. Their duty is to protect the oppressed from the evil of the oppressors. The cuatonis of this caste are three

’ ukn fpgto AbC bM. 1i« Hi, JJS. Th ihird

duty, Vhich J^uDgir Cdls " worshipping Jinc," is hy Ahfl.I fi,! tinned

■ It ifl xhi day <if thn lull tdOon ia Mwmn, tliat in hoJy.

speaks rf AkW H wwniis the riMJ «n tho Sth day of V™,. I rfn

*’tJl‘ ^ ss™ the finrt

day of New Year. here iiH«iLa * another day/

^ tho am ifmy’; tmt then^ if why is it the mkhi for thit

w ia a™ * The Hiada ,\Vw Ybmt la Bai-Akh [April! it will

^ from Je^tt It. 17, that Siwss i, el* the asma af e month

a partboukr len^L Ferhft.|jfl ilnnliMf the two Uimg^

HlfiDV CASTEii.

thi ngH—(1) they study religious scicacc thcnisclvefl

but do not teach others; (3) that thej- worship fire, but do not teach others to do so; (3> that they give to the needy, but although they ate needy take uotliing tlieiuselves. The day of this caste is the dawiTafTt,

’the victorious tenth.’* On this day with them it is lucky to mount and go against one’s enemy’ with an aniij-. BAm Chand, whom they worship M their god. leading his army on tJmt day against his enemy mtoh a victoiy, and they consider this a great day, and. decorating their elephants and horses, perfomo worship, Tliis day falls in the month of ^hahrtwar * when the Sun is in the iiianHion of Vii^. and on it they give presents to those who look after their horses and elephaiitH. The third caste is that of Bai^di (Vai^ya). ILh custom is this, that they serve the other two cast™ of which mention hos been made. Tliey practise agri¬ culture and buying and selling, and are employed in the Imsinesw of profit and interest. This caste has also a fixed day which the}* call the Ifeailil; this day oecun in the month of Mihr when the sun is in the constellation of libra, the 28th day of the lunar month. On the night of tliat day they light lamps, and friends and those who are dear aMsenible in each others houses and pa^ their time busily in gambling. As the eyes of this caste are on profit and interest, they consider catTving over and opening new accounts on that day atts^idotis. The fourth caste is the Sudras. who arc the lowest caste of the Hindus. They are the servonta of all. and derive no profit from those things which ore the specialitiea of every (other) «urte. Thursday is the Holi, which in their tieltef is tlio lost day of the year. Tljis day occurs in the month of Isfandanniii, when the sun is in the conatellatiod of PLwes. On the night of

) It ii tb« I0li As***

• Thi test wrongly Km <l«r «■ md at only < 60 - adA

KAKHI CifiESIONV.

this dny they light tires at the head of the street nud ways, and when it bwomes day they for one watcli «cjitt4.T the ashes «i each other’s heads and faces, and make a wonderful noise nud dUturbiinw, and after this wash theinseiv-es, put on their apparel, and walk at«qt in the gardens and on the plaiirs. As it is an established cu-stom of the Hindus to bum the dead, to light tires M this night. Which is the last night of the year that hm mgtiiBm they burn tht: Imt year whldi

has gone to the abode of the dead. lu the time of my revcreil father the Hindu Amirs and others in imitation of tb«in iKTfonnt^ the ceremony of rakhi in arfoniing biiu, making atringH of ruhi^ and royal pearla und flowere jewlled with gems of great value and binding them on his auspieioim arms. This custom was carried on for some yearn. As they carried tims cxtmvaganoe to excess, and he dislikH it, he forbade it The bralimaii.s by way of auguriea us«l to tie th«s? strings and (pieces of) silk according hr tbeir cu-stom, 1 also in this year carried out this laudable religious practice, and ordered that the Hindu Ann re and tlie iieads of the caste’ should fasten mkhift ou my arms, (in tlie day of the rakid, which was the 9tli Auuirdad, they perfonoed the same ntes, and other imstcs by way of imitation did not give up this bigotry; this year f agreed to it, and ordered that the brehmans shoald bind strings (of cotton) and silk after tile ancient manner. On this day by chance fell the atinivereary of the death of the late king.® Tlie commemoration of such an annivemary is one of the standing mies and customs in Hindustan. Eveiy year on the day of tlie death of their fathers and those who

apporeatty. It doM not mar ia

. I*’,;■" tiw a JJ. Mas., ^hich hnv»*c or

,,lth tlw Hijrm of AkW.

^ 5-*4nl. ,hich ,hi, m.« occutrtd iq July.

Aecerdiitg to tl]« («lar (Mlaodoj- AltW* de«lh ia Octotisr. ^

AKBAH’jt VERSA BV. JSlItANOE: DRATHsJ. ‘247

are Gear tg them, each according’ to hk drciunstanees and ability prepares food’and all kinds of perfumes, and the learned meu, the respettabJe and other ineii assemble, and these afweiiihlies sometiiues last a week. On tlds day I sent Buljn IQiunmn to the venerated tomb to arrange the assemblage, and 10,000 rupees were given to ten trustworthy servants to divide among fakirs and those who were in wanL

On the I5th of the month of Aiiiurdfid the offering of Islftia Khan was laid before me. Ho had went 2S elephants, -tO horses of tliat part of the country a Inch are known as tdiwjfMn. 50 eHUnclis, 500 |Mir«7«/<i Tia/la Hitarkunl}

It had been made a rule that tlie events of the Suljdhs fllionld 1» reported acooiding to Hie boundaries of encli, and news-writeis from the Court had been appointed for thk duty. Thk being the rde that my revertd father had laid down, I also ohsene it, and much gain and great advantage are to be brought about by it. and infuniiation is a«iiiir«l about the world and its la^ habitants. If the advantages of this were to be written, down it would become a long atfair. At tlik time the newa-w-Titer of Lahore reported that at the end of the month of Tlr ten men Iiad gone from the city to Amaiiabiid, which lies at a distance of 12 kos. As the air was very hot. they took shelter under a tree. Soon afterwaTTk wind and a dust-storm (cAuirH) sprang up, and when it blew on tlwt liand of men they trembled, and nine of them diwJ under the trw, and only one remaimsl alive; he was ill for a long time, and recovered with gtvat diffienlty. In that neighbourhood such bad

I Parailat wem to be clrtl*™ of Sam* nort. IVriMis ttw wwd (■ .notbsr form of th* Aprffllf of Blochoisoti, fi, SB. The text h« SMrmt^a * veil, hot proboUj- *0 -hoohl r»H ‘of

f3oaux*on.^ Both tlw MSS. give the nomUr of elcplwnu u flS larteml

2^ lu m test

viiirr TO jjivoNAOAi!,

utr wfljn ereaU’r] that nuiiierviu birds who had their neats in t^iut tree all fell down and died, an<i that the wild beasts (beasts of the plain, perhaps cattle) came and threw themselves on to the cultivated fields, and, rolling about oil the grass, gave up their lives. In short, many aninjBis perished On Thtiraday, the ]3th Aniurdad. having said my prayers (lit. counted my mmiy), J embarked on lioard a boat for the purpose of hunting in the village of Sanioungar. which is one of my fixed hunting-places. On the 3rd .Slmimwar, Khan ‘AJam. whom I had sent for from the Deccan in order to despatch him to Irar) in company with the auiliaasador of the ruler of Iran, came and waited on me at this place. He oHercd 100 muhrs. As Samonagar was in MahAljat KbAn’a jagir, he had prepared a delightful Iiol ting-place there on the bank of tlie river, and it pleased me greatly. He presented offerings of an elephant and an emerald ring. The farmer was put into my private stud. I’^p to the Gth .Sbahriwar I was employed in hunting. In these few days 4T liead of antelope, male and female, and other animalH were killed. At this time DiJawar Khan sent aa an offering a ruby, wliich was accepted. I iwiit a special sword for Islam ^an. I increased the mansub of nu.san ■All Turkuiiifin, which was 1,000 personal and 700 horse, by 500 personal and 100 honw. At the end of Thursday, the 20th of the same montli, in the houoe of Alary am- aamani, my solar weighing took place, I weighed myself according to the usual custom against metals and other thinga. I had this year attained to the age of 44 solar yenra. On tJie same day Ywigar ‘Ali, amlwMMdor of the ruler of Inm, and KtAn -Alaui, who had been nominated to accompany him from this side, received their leave to go. On Yadgur ‘Aii there wyre- bestowed a horse with a jewelled saddle, a jewelled sword, a vest without sleeves with gold embroidery, an aigrette with feathers and a (turban omameut), and 30.000

TI31T TO aKBAR’S tomb. DEPARTURli TOR iii9

rupees in cask, o1 toguthw 40(0W) rtipce*!, mid on l^han A1 Ahi M jewelled: kfMpim or phal katant (ti sort of da^eger) witli a pendant of royal poftrb^ On tko of the AAToe

month I viaited the venerated inatwoknm of my revered father at BihishtalJlld, riding on an elvptmnt. On the way 5,000 rupees in Huiall coin were scatterud round, and I gave other 5,000 rupees to KhwAja Jahnn to divide among the dervishea. Having said my evening praj-ent, I went back to the city in a boat. As the house of rtimadml-dtiulali was on the Ijwik of the river Jmiina, I alighted there until the end of the nest day. Having accepted what pleased me of his offerings, 1 went towards the palace^ TtlqBd Sbftn’s house was aUo on the hank of the river Jumna , at his request 1 disembarked then) with the ladies, and ‘w-alk«l round the houses he hod lately built there. Tliis delightful place pleased me greatly. He had produced suitable ofTeringa of doth Htulfs and jewels and other things; these were all laid before me and most of them were approved. When it was near eieuing I entered the auspicious palaee. As the astrologere had tiieii on hour in this night for starting for Ajmir, when seven gharis of the night of ilonday, the 2ad Sha’tAii, corresponding with the 24th SliaJiriwar. hj paaseii I started in happiness and prosperily with intent to go there from the capital of Agra. In this under¬ taking two things were agreeable to me, one a pilgnmage to the splendid mausoleum of Khwsja Mu‘imi-d-dln Chishti, from the tdesaing of whose illustrious soul great advantages had lawn derived hy thia dij^iHcd family, and whiise venerable shrine I had not’ visited after my accession to the throne. CTIn- s«?owd was the defeat and beating back of the rebel Ran Amar Singh, who b one of the most Miwiderable of the Zamindars and Rrtjiw of Hindmdaii and whose headship and leadership and tho«.-‘ of hLs ancestow all the Rajas and Raya of this provinw to, TJie adminbtration haa for long beea m the

250

Accocjrx o>’ jianas of uoaii-lk.

hfljicl-‘j of thin fuiniiy, ftDii they ]mvo bog fjome nib townnin the East, that ia the Pural* ^,ey bee&me in that time ivell known under the title of Kajim, After this they fell «n the Deccan ‘ and took pesaesHion of many of the countries of that region. In the place of Kajn tliey have taken the title of Riiwal^ After this they came into the hill countrj’ of Vewat. and by degrees got into their jKBisesNioii the fort of ChJtor. From that djito until this fiay, whicli is in the eighth year after my accesaion, 1,471 year« have passed.®

There arc tw’enty-sis others of this caste wlio iuive niled for IdUO years. TJiey liave the title of Rawal. and from the kAwal who was first ktioinj as Rnwal down to Rank Amar Singh, the present Rank, there are twcaty-sis individuals w],o have niled for the space of 401 years. During this long time they have never bent their necks in ok-dience to any of the kings of the wnntiy of Ffindimtan, and have for most of the time been rebelliouii and tronblcsonie. so much so that in the reign nf the late king BAbar, Rank Sangft collected togetlier all tlie Rajim, Ra^v-s, and 5!auiindare of this pronnee, and fought a Isittle in the neighbourhood of Biyana with ] 80,000 horse and soveml laklis of foot- sol^en,. By the aid of Almighty fJ<xt and the assistance of fortune the victorious anny of fsMm prevailed against the infidel forces, aud a great defeat liappeiicd to them Tim details of this battle have beeu given in the .Meii.oire of King Bkhar. My revered father (may Ida bright tomb be the abrde of unending Grace) eserted himself greatly

th^flneHtqrof (te Bini, aisjoiTcd Chftar oL t muket, twenty-Mj |iric™. rule fw 1,010 yesrs

SUBJECT CONTINUED.

251

to put dowa tlii^so rebels, and iKvenil tinie-s sent ivnnies tUcui, In the twelfth year after lus a<xe;isioD lie net hmiself to capture tJie fort of Chitor, which is one of the strongest forts of the inhabited world, and to overthrow the kingdom of the RSjia, and after four months and tell (htj-s of siege took it by force from the men of Amar Singb’a father, after much fighting, and returned after destrojHng the fort. Every time the victorious forces pressed hiui hard in order to capture him or make him a fugitive, hut it bo happened that tliis ivas not ettected. In tlie end of liis reign, on the same day and hour that he proceeded to the coDtjoest of the Deccan, he sent me with a large army ami reliable Sftidars against the RTuia. By cliancc these two aHhirs, for reasons which it would take too long to recount,

did not succeed. At last I came to the throne, and os

this matter was only half done, the tnrii army I sent to

the benders was this one. Slftking my son Farwis its

leafier, the leading nobles wlio were at the capital were apixjiiited to tliis duty. I sent ahiuidnnt treasure and ftrtilleiy with him. As every matter depends on its own season, at this juncture the unhappy althir of Kiiusrau occurred, and I had to pursue him to the Panjal^ Hie province and the capital of Agra renmiiied voiA I had necessarily to write that Parwiz should return with some of the Amirs ami take cliaige of Agra and the neighbourhood. In short, this time again the matter of the RanA tlid not go ofiT as it should. When by the favour of Allah my mind was at rest from l^iUHrau’a disturbance, and Agra IJecttiiie again the alighting place of the royal atiindards. a victorious army was appointed under the leadership of MahAbat titan, ■Abdu-llah tibAn. and other h-adcra, and from tliat date up to the time wheii the P03^al sUndaivis started for Ajmir his couiitiy was trodden under foot by the victorious forces. As finally the atfair did not assume

2 ^^

KHUSRAU PUI-TAN. h^ntixo.

nn appiToveii fonu, it occurred to me that, oh 1 had nothiDg to do at A^n. and I was convinced that uiitf] I myflelf went there the aliiiir would not 1» set to ri)jhta, I left the fort of Af-ni and alighted at the Dalirah Ktrden Ou the next day the featival of the Da^Lhrft took place. According to the usual custom they dc«>mted the elephwito and horaw, and I bad them before me Ah tlio mother, and aistei^ of mnisnin repeatoUy repre¬ sented to uie tliQt Jie wa-s very repcntjint of Iiw deeds the feeJinga (lit. of fatherly affection having

come into movement, I sent for him and deferniintd timt f,e should come every day to pay his luapects to lae. I remained for eight in that garden. On the

28th news arrived that Raja Ram Dfte, who was doing wrviee m Bangash and the neighbourhood of Kabul with Qilij Khto, had died. On the 1st of the month of Mihr I marched from the gattiem and dismissed Khwftja to look nfter the enpitai of axxd g^rd tht-

treoKore and the palace, and gave him an elephant and a si^sial robe On the 2nd Mihr neivT, arrived

that Raja Bitso Ivad died in the thannh of Shahabnd’ which is on tile bolder of the territoiy of Amar. On the lOth of the same month f hiUted at RQp Ban. which has now been named AmAnab*d. Forijmrl 3 - this district jmd bwn given a,s jagir to Rflp SlmwiUe..’’ Aftorward.N, heatowiiig it on Amanii-i]ah. son of Mahabat OAn,

I ordered it to bo called bj’ his name. Hiev’en itaj-s were passed at this halting - place, Ah R Lh a fixed hunting-place. I cveiy day mounted to go hunting, and in these few days 158 autclopea. male and female, and other anil,mis were killed. On the 23th of the month I marched from AmanAbad. On the 31 st. corresponding with the Hth Ramajiaii, lyjwAja AbA-l-hasan. wliom f had sent for from Burhanpur, came and waited on me.

bJL ^ t’’* R«ir-<n«ia Sum of .Jiiaiiww.

KikjpElLBJSBi ^jaZ4St Uwr, ‘iil 1 +

DEATH OF QLLIJ

and ptes4:?nted as urfertn^ ^50 iiiulitn, 15 jeweU^ vesM^k^ and an elephant, which 1 placed ip my private atud« On the 2nd AbAn, eorrespoiiding with the KJtli Ratno^ilnp news came of the death of Qillj Klian. He was one of the ancient Hervantn of the IState, and obtained the mercy of Hod in the &0th year of hi« age. He was employed at PesLiawar in the duty of keeping in order the full of darknesziu^ Hia rank was tjiOOO

personal and 5^000 horse, ^dnrtftJia KMn Uakhani was Unrivalled in the art of wJikh in the language

of the Da k ha Ills they eail and tho ^lognJa

wAain^fr-thcisE^ ‘wword-play" {fencing)* For some time I studied it with him. At thir« time 1 exalted hfni with the title of Warzi^ {Exercise - tQian), ] had

cstablishcfl a cuatoin that desserving people and dciriHhea should be brought before me every night, so that 1 might la^st^iw Oh them, alter persoua] enquiiy Into their con¬ dition, Jimdt or gold^ or clothes. AmongHt these was a mail who represented to me tliat the name JahangSr, according to the science of ahjad (DUniemln reckoned by letters), corresponded to the great nanie Allah Akbar." ^ Considering this a good onien^ 1 gave him who discovered (this comcLdence) land, a liorrie, cosh, and dotidngi On Moflday»the 5th ghawwiJ, corresponding to the 26t]i Abm, the hour for entering fixed. On the morning

of the tsaid day I ivent towards it. When the fort and the buildiDgfl of the aludiie of the revered Khwajft appeared in eight, i traversed on foot the remainder of the road, about a kos. I placed truatworthy men on both sides of the road, who went along giving money to fakirs and the necressitouH, When four gharis of day hod passed H I entered the city and its inhabited portion, and in the fifth glinri had the honour of ^dsiting the venerated tiiansoleum. After viaiting it I proceeded to

I Tiui Rfl,xi;lihAiil% allfid hy tbclr rascnnM Uia THrlkli,

^ Bodi and AUAb Akbar

2oi

ttriilfKAK i^KE.

tliL" ftiupitious palaw. micj t1i& next duy oi-dtred aM thfjse present in thi-H liononred restiii^.place, Irntfi snifill and belodgin^r to tlic city, and travellers, to ho brouglit before mo. that they might be iimcie happy with nqineroiiH ^ft.H according to tiieir real circiinrstaiiccfl. On the

Tth Atfar I went to see and shoot on the tank qf Pusiikar, wJiich is one of tlie eKtablvjhed praying-places of tlie Hindus, with regartl to the perft«:tioii of which they pvo (excellent) accounts tliat tire increrfible to any intelligence, and which is situated at tv disttvnee of three koft from Ajmir. For two or tlirce da>‘B I shot water- fowl op that tank, and returned to Ajiiiir. Old ajid new tcntples which, in the language of the inHdels, they call Deohani ^ aro to be wen around this tank. Among them Ranh Stjankar, who is the uncle of the relsel Aiiia^ and in rny kingdom ia among the Idgh pohlcfl. luid built a I>eoliara of great magnificence, on which 100,000 rupees had lieen spent. I went to sec that temple. I found ti form cut oat of lilack stone, which from the neck above WAN in the shape of a pigs head, and tlie rest of the Ijody was like that of a man. Tile worthless n-iigion of the Hindus ia tliis, that once on a time for some particnlar object the Supreme Ruler thought it neceasarj- to show himself in this shape ; on tliis account they hold it dear and worship it.® I oidered them to break tiiat hideous form and throw it into the tank. After looking at this building there appeared a vvhite dome on the top of a hill, to which men were coming fmni all iiuartera. When I asked about this they said that

a Jo^ livtfd there, and when the simpletoiiH come to

see him he places in their hands a Imndfnl* of Hour, which they put into their mouths and imitate the cty

^ SBiLikrit Tl«^‘Ahu^ * an Seldl '

■ Rajpqt4ifm Si,

• of krtf ardi, ‘ ft liMiKlfuJ of floiir/ tbe ha#

ki^ urajr. ’ hw 3(kittb/ iTid. thijc. Nae<tns mm

PORT cor ESE OUTRAGE,

255

of ail fiiiiuinl wliich fools liave ftt wino time injiire-dp

ill order tliai }yy tliis net their mm may lie blotted out I ordered theio to break down that pbce and turn the Jogi ont of it, m. weJI aa to dnntroy the form of an idol there wax in the dome. Another belief they have iH that there la no bottoiii to this tank. After enquiry it appeared that it in nowhere deeper than 12 eubita. I also [neasnred it round and it wafi about kosL On .Kthe IGth A^ir news came that the w^atchmen I tad ijiarked doivn a tigrexs. I ioiiiiediately w^ent there and killed it w’ith a gmi and nrtiime<L After a few- days a nilgaw (blue bull) was killed^ of which I ordered them to take otf tlie skin in my presence and cook It ax fofxl for th« poor^ Over 200 people afiflemblcd and ate it, and I gave nione^’^ with uiy own batsd to each of theiin In the xanic inontli news eaiiio that the Frankn of Ctoji. 1iad> contmry to treaty, plundered four cargo that

frequeiitoi the port of Surat in the neigh bourhood of that poi’t: andp making priaonem a large numlxT of MuxuJmanSp hod taken possession of the goods and chattels that were in those xhip^L Thix being v^ry dtsagret^ablc to tuy nund, I despatchikl ^[uqamib Khan. ‘W"ho is in clinrge of the port, oil the iBtli Azar^ giving him a hor»t* and elephant and a dresa of honour, obtain ciinipenxation for this atfair. On act.‘oiLnt of the great activit}’’ and good fiervices of Yiiauf KLinji and fhihlkliiru-b luulk in the Subali of the f>ecean, I Si-nt stinuhirds for thenu

It lifts heen written that iny chief object, after iiky ^

U* the IQiwAja, wax to put a stop to the adklr of the rebel MniL On this ficcount f detemiined to renmin luyi^elf at

^ Tcjit * foreigii" or ’ M nmg#/ luid IkHWMni lnul tbn hudu

reulm^, far Mt li, 3^7, in Iiav« Uw InuiiiUthm etvgiiftod in tin

Joreigti trprfle of Sanit,^ Rut I aiiQjrt tho rwliag’ of 1,0. MS, IS|, vhith in a/rh‘M+ mft it not s^ertn liketj ihat j^ihnnufr wonld inktoroit Kint-ieU aljont * fowign ^ ?hs|ai.

256

liXpOTITION OF IShJh JAHly.

AJmir and ^nd on Babii fortunate

This idea was a ver>^ good ona. and on this account, oa the 6th of Day, at the hour rixtMl upon* I deT^patchcd him in happine^ and triumph. I presented him with a g«6f| pouter coftt) of gold brocade with jewelled Howery and pc4u:ls round the flowers* a brocaded tnrlian with stringa of pearls, a gold woven mi^h with chains of pearls* one of my private clephj&nts rallied Fatb Ctaj,. with trappings, a sptjcial horse, a jewelled sword, and a jewelled with ajrjiili ^T(!a|<iixi, In addition tu the men first appointed to this duty under the leadersKiip of t£}ian I sent

12,000 more horse with inys^n^aud honourt^ their leaders^ each according to his coiKlltian, with special horses and ekpliantA and robeta of hoiiaur^ and distni^^ed them. I ida I KJian was nuniinated to the pti 3 ‘uiastershjp of this army* At the same time Hafdar Klion was despatched to the govcmiaeut of Kashiair in phice of Hashini Kban. He ruceived a honia and robe of hoiiotir. On Wudiie^ay, the llth, ^wAja Ahu-l-haflari was made general pay¬ master (bak^l-kttl), and received a dress of honour.

I had ordered tliem to nmke a large caldron ^ at Agra for the revered mausoleum of tho Kiwajo. On this day it was brought, and I ordered them Ui cook food for the poor in that pot, and collect together the poor of Ajmir to fccci them w’hilst 1 waw tJiere. Five thousand people assembled, and all ate of this food to their tiU. After the food I gave money to each of the der^^shea Viith my Own baud* At this time Islam Klmn. gov^cnior of Bengal, was promoted to the monsab of 6,000 personal and hotse, and a flag was given to 31ukarram Ikban, son of Mn’ar*r^iii KIloii.

On the 1st of Isfondannuz. corresponding with tho lOth Muhorrom, 1023 (20th February, 1614)* I left

^ ii* fii There wJlt miw l-wa Ifttgc caldrOM

lanride tint f£u^A eiicIosorL*.

HTJ.VONO. ISLAM KMix’s HEATH. 257

Ajiiiir to hunt nil^aw, aii<i returned oa the 9tli. I halted at the fomitnia of (hifiz JauiAl.i two k<M froDi the city, and pa«^(ed the nij^ht of Friday* tlierv. At the end of the ^hly I entered the city. In these twenty days ten niJgnw liftd been killed. Ak the “tiod sernee of fQiwaja Jaliiin and the smaUiiesa of hia force for tlie defence mid government of j\giia and that neigh bourhotid were hronght to my notice, I Increased his inatLsab by 500 personal and 100 horao. On the sitnie day Ahu-]-fatk Oakhanl catne from hie jagir and waited ou me. On the 3rd of the same month news came of the death of Islam KllAn ; ho liod died on Tlmrsday, the 5th Riijahi in the year 1022 (2let Augnst, 1613). In one dayj without any previous ilhieas, this inevitable event occurred. He was one of those boni and brought up in the house (hoase.bom). ‘fhe naturally good dispuution and knowledge of atfkir!i that showed thentselves in Iiini were seen in no one else. He ruled Bengal with entire authority, and brought within the eivil jurisdiction of tlie province countries that had never preriou-sly come under tile sway of any of the jagirdars or into the possession of any of the Chiefs of the State. If death had not orertaken hrni ho would have done perfect service,

Tlie Siian A*^n had hinmelf prayed that the illustriouji prince should bo appointed! to the campaign against the RanA, yet, notwuthstandiog all kinds of encourugement and gratilM»tion on the part of my two fSljiUi Julian), he would Dot apply hitiiBelf to tlie task, but proceedixl to act iu hbi owu unworthy nuuiiicr. \V7ien this wa.s heard by mo, I seot Ibrahim tltuiain, who was one of iny moat trasty attendants, to him. and sent affectionate

1 JuaU wms Uac duso o( tlw nniut Ma lutu-ildiiiig‘J^E4ir

It lifrf «t tliQ hnek at t|>« Tunf^vb hilt iukci naw comtmnly odlocl Xdir Th# fminUion, in

■ miimi prtflte, Sir T^dielm Rw Tuited thim jiIwm p,

• wbidi ii l^rkLk^ ftccsonlii^ to Blodumnii.

IT

3’>8 insBKHAvrorii ov KJfAj.’

tiiesattgi'3 to him to nay liiAt when he wiin it Burliiitipiir he hiul daijy Ugged this duty of me, as lie coiisideivd it equivalent to tJio happiness of l»th worlds, and linJ said Ln meetings and sssemblies that if tie should be kilJetl in this enterprise lit would be a marlyr, and if he prevailed, a ghajm I had given him whatever support and assistance of artillery he had aske-fi for. After this he had written that without the movement of the roj’al standards to those regions the completioti of the utTair was not free of difficulty. By Ins counsel I had cornu to Ajmir, and this Deighbourhood had Ijoeu tines honoured and dignihod, Now tliat he had hiiiuielf praj’ed for the priiiee, and everything liad been carried out according to his (»uiLsel, why did lie withdraw his foot from tlie field qf battle and enter the place of disagreement ? To Baba Khurram. from whom up till now I had never parted, and whom I sent in pure reliance on hLs (f^hAn A’zani’fl) knowledge of aftairs, he should show’ loyalty and approved good-will, and never be neglectful day or niglit of his duty to my aom If, contraiTwise, ho should draw hack his foot from what he had agreed to. he must know that there would be mischief- Ibnahhii Ilnsairi went, and impressed these words on hut iidod in the .same detailed way. It w-aa of no a^ail, a.s he would not go back from hb folly and determination. When Balja, Kliunam saw that liis lieing in the alTair was a cause of disturbance, he kept him under obneni’atjDn and represemted that Ins being there was in no way fitting, and he was acting thus and spctliug matters simply on account of the connection hu had with I^iisrau.’ I then ordervaf ifahAliat Khali to go and bring him from Udaipur, and told Muhaiiinuui Tarp, the divvan of buildings, to go to Mandesur and bring Ids children and dependants to Ajmir.

On the nth of the month news came that DuJjp, sou

• KhiuniD was aunwt ca hi± daughter.

EX^CUTrOX OF Dtri,l"p srXGH, MXTJJ VHAR. 339

of lliij Sin^lip who vras of fl r^^i^iuoN nud reb^llioun disposition, had hmn heavily defeated by hln younger brother, KOq SfirSrj Singh, who had Ixhju went a^inNt him, and that lie was maklww disturbance m one of the districts of the Sarkar of Ilis^r Atout this time HAsliim of ^^|0^it, the fBuJdar, and the JagirdorA of that neighbourhoud seized him, and sent him aa a prfpioaer to Court, As he had mLHbch£ived repeated 1)% he was capitally puniahedp and this was a warning to many of the iiM^Hlitious. Jn reward for this serince an inereasc of SOD peisonat and 200 horse was made to the iriansab of Kfio SOraj Singli. On the 14th of the month a repre¬ sentation came from my son BAbii ItLburram that the elephant A!am-gunian, of whicli the Eanfi was very fond together with seventeen other elephants, had fallen into the hands of the warriors of the victorious army^ and that his master would atso soon be captured.

(jjjE Ninth New Year’s Feast after siv AUNpicrous Accession^

The commencement of the ninth 3 *ear after my aru^picious accession, ccurrespondmg with tlie Hijm year 1023 <ltiI4).

Two watches luid one ghair had pii.s^ed on tlie night of Friday* the Dth ^far (2lst March, 1614), adieu the world- warming sun shed his rays on tlic coii}>itellatiuD of Atiej*, which LB h\» Jiouf^ of dignity and honour; it was the rirst morning of the month of FarwardiJA The assenihly for the New YeaFn festival took place in the pli<asant regions of AJmir, and at the time of entry (of the .■vun into Arien), which was the propitiourf hoar, J fwated myself on the throne of good fortune^ They had in the usual manner decorated the palace with rare doth- Sturts and jewels and gem-decked thinga. At this

360

PSOSIOTiO?t«,

auhpieioTiB nioment the elephaut ‘AUm-^Timan,* which wiw fit to be entered in the private stud, with the ec^enteen othei* mate and feiuale etcpfiAots w’tiK’h my son Bi-iba lihiirtam had sent of the HAni’s elephanU, wen? presented before me, and the liearts of the Joyni rejoicetL On the 2nd day of the Xew Year, knowinff it to be propitious for a ride, I mounted it and scattered about much money. On tlic 3ni I conferred on I’tiiiad Khan a imiiuwb of 3,000 pcrsoiiat and 1,000 honse, increasing: thus that wliich }ie Imd already, wliicli was of 2,000 pcraoiial and 500 horse, and f distinguished him with the title of A^f Khan, with which title two of Ids family had been prerioualy lionoured, I also increased the inansab of Day&nat TJJjftn by 500 personal and 200 horse. At the same dine I promoted I’titnadu-d- daulah to the tiumaab of 5,000 persojial and 2,000 home. At the request of Baba lyjumiiu I increased the iiiansab of Saif Khan Barha by 500 personal and 200 liorae. that of Dilnwar Khan by the same number, that of Kishan Singh by 500 horse, and tliat of SarfaiAji Kiftn by 500 per^mal and 300 horse. On Sunday, the lOtli, the offering of A*a£ Khan waa produced before me, and on tlie Uth I tiiuadn-dKiaulah preduced hia oivn offoriug. From tlicse two oflerings I took wliat pleased me and gave back the re.st. Chin gilij Khan, with hi.s bnjthere, r^^latfons. and the army and retinue of his father, came from Kabul * and waited on lut IhrAhim KiiAn, who had a mansab of 700 poRWimi and 300 horse, having been promoted to that □£ 1,500 personal and flOO horse, waa appointed jointly with Kbwaja Abil-l-hasan to the o.i[aLted dignity of paymaHtcr of the household. On the tSth of” this memth Mahiibat KbuJi, who liad been appointed to bring KJhAii A’zom and his son ‘Abdudlah, came and waited

• TJm ” ATTtigBiit Qf the Earth “ (Tod},

• Perbsp. tbE» mean. Ptabaw, for appore&tl^ QiUj van there when ha Giadr

exclusion of KHUiiaAU. 261

on ine. On the 19th the luiseiiibly of honotii- wjw held. On thiit d&y the utfering of Mnhabnt Kl’itn wns laid before me, and I sent a private ekphnnt called Kiip Smidar for my son Parwia. When that day had passed 1 ordered them to deliver llban A’anui into the charge of Aaaf Jiban, tliat he might keep hiiri in the fort of Gwalior. As roy object in sending him to the fort was in caac sorno disagreement and dLstnrimiice should occur in the matter of the Kanil in consefiuence of the attach¬ ment that he had to l^bus^TOn, I ordered him not to be kept in the fort like a prisoner, but that they should provide everj-thing necessary for his comfort and con¬ venience in the way of eating and elothing. On the same day 1 promoted Chin Qillj SJjan to a rnansab of 2,500 personal and TOO horse. To the rank of Taj lihan. who had been appointed to the charge of the province of Bhakar, I added 500 personal and horse. Gn the Iftth Urdfbihisht 1 forlM*ic lilmsrau to pay his respeetB, The reason was this, that through the atn.‘Ction and fatherly love (I bore him) and tlie prayera of his mother and sisters, I had onlcred again that he should come every day to pay his respects As hi.s appearanco

ahowed no signs of openness and happiness, and he ivas alwa^‘a incuimfnl and dejected in mind, 1 accordingly ordered that he should not ci>me to pay his raspocte. In the time of ni3’ revered father, ilu^dar Husain Mlnui and Rustam MinfA, sons of Sul|An Ita-sain Minn, nephews of SljAh Xahmasp i^fawl, who had id their poasesHiou Qaiidalmr and Zamiiidawar and that neighbourhood, sent petitions to the elTcct tliat id conBequcnce of the iieamnssH to Khurasan and the coming of ‘Abdu-llah Klian Cjibeg to thot country, they could not leave tho chargo of looking after the country and come (to pay their respects), but that if he (Akhar) would send one of the servants of the palace they would hand over the country to him, and thcniaelvea come to pay their respect*.

262

SllRZAa py UAN’IlAJUF.

Aft they repeatedly innde thiJi refpiest, he sent ghah JJMn, who ta now Jionoured with the title of Kjifin Dauriiii, to the govcriiotahip of Qimdahar and Zanun- dAwar and Uiat neighbourhood, and wrote hniiiiiift full of favour to the ifirKAs Riiiiitnoning them to the Coort Afk’r their arrival favours appropriate to the case of eaeh were beatowed on them, and he gave them a territoiy ^|nai to two or three times the colleetiotis of Qandahar. In the end. the manageoient expected froia them uas not achieved, and by degrees the territory^ deteriomted. Mu^tfar Unsain Mlr»i died during the lifetime of mv revered father, a«d he sent ilinsa Rustam with the Khankhamin the Suhuh of the a-«an. where lie had a siaall jngir. Wlicji tho throne was honoured by my succession, I sent for him from the Deccan witli the intention of showing him favour jind sending Idni to one of the border territories. About the time he come ^rxfi Tarl^an, who Jield the gi^vemorship of

l^atta and Qandalmr and that neighbourhood, died. It ocOTrrwi to me to send him to Tliatta, .so that lie might show theta his natural good fitialitiea and administer that countiy in at. appioved miLmier. I pro¬ moted him to a man.sab of 5,000 ptrsona] and horse 200.000 rupees were given to him for expen-ses. and I despatched iiini to the Subali of Tliatta. My belief \vas that he would do good service* un those borders. In opposition to my expectation he did no service, and TOiiimitted so much oppression that many people complained of his wickednesfL Such nevi’a of him was heard that it wa-H coosidered nece.ssaiy to recall him.

Actcnling to the ia.

wrt ai m pat do^n tb and *Li««ded id doiDyf

h ftattiini. when, it i« Mid1h«t

Arghun.,. PerlHij* the

m iUijtr. Ji 4,^8, which SCcoctliPjf to JJIochnjanil, p. 314. mairnTth^

“I™” he ihtrigdcd with

licm trot OI»p^^Mwd the *

DEFEAT OF AHOAD AFGHAN,

One of tlie servants of the Court was ajipoiiited to Hiimiuoii liim, and I seat for him to Court. On tho 26th TJrdibihialit they brought hiui. As ho had coui- luitied great oppression on the people of Oocl, and iijfiuiiy into this was due (WWordiiig to the reijtiircdiebts of justice, I handed him over to AjiItA’l Singh-dalan iC. that he might eutpure into the facts, and that )f guilty he might receive prompt punishment and be a warning to others. In those days the news also came of the defeat of Aljtlad, the Afgliaii. Tlie facts are that Mu toiiid lihaii came to Pfilam ^ Ciizar (fctiy ?). in the district of Peshawar, with an army, and Ktan Daurin with another force in Afghanistan and blocked the (latli of that rascal (Ht black-faced one), ileaiiwhile a letter came to .’(u’tonid Khan from Piah Bulagh that Ahdfld had gone to Kot TirAli, which is S kos from Jalalabad, with a large number of horse and foot, and liud killed a few of those who had chosen to lie loyal and obey, and made prisoiiera of othem, and was about to send them to Tiriili, and intended to make a raid on Jololabatl ajid Pish Biilagh. Immediately on liearing this news 3Iu’t[U|ld lihan started in great haste with the tioopa he had with him. tVhen he arrived at Pish Bulagh ho sent out spies to ascertain about the enemj\ On the moniing of Wedinisday, tho 6th. news reached him that AhdM wa« in the same place. Placing his tmat on the favour of God, which is on the .side of this suppliant at the tiirone of Allah, ho divided tfio royal army into two, and went towards the enemy, who, with 4,000 or 5,000 experienced men, had Slated themselves Imnglitily in oomplete careleasru-Ha,

■ TiiooEh the text him PClJini. Uw meJ word iwems to he Ikm or Ailftm Alton Hbui Iii>p«n (o l» » [«m In ■ Tungt ill hilto It «Jiy, L.=w.vef, be a fenj im tho Rebel Riirer. That Tie« to b. ALto

es the &hib ‘Aton, end ii * Jerry On it ol t^

The text speals of Kta Tlrih M * l»* f™ bnt ^™h

Zi mu^ fart^ewey. The RM* JfSS. tore A’etoJ-J-Twh, •theTlirAb

ilvfilc. *

264

DEFEAT OF AFGKAyS,

and did not fiiiftpect that bt-sidea KiiAn iMuHins there waji iin amiy in the iiei^fhboiirliood tluit could oppose itself to thedu When news came that, the royal forces were coming against that iJJ^fortmied iimti, and the afgna of an army wore becoming umnifcHt, in a state of bewilder- inent ho duTbributed hia nien into four Iwdics, and seating himself an an endnence a gmiahot Away, to get to which Ava« a difficult matter, he sent his men to fight. Tlio musketeers of the victorioiia army ft’etailod the rebel with bullets, and sent a large number to hell. JIu’taqid Khan took the centre of his anny to liw advanced guard, and, not giving the enemy inoro than time to shoot off their arrows two or three tiities, swept them dean awA 3 “, and pursmng them for 3 or 4 kos. killed nearlj’ of them, horse and foot. Tliosc left of the sword took to flight, must of them wounded and with tlieir aTtiw thrown away. The %‘ictorious anny remained for the night in the ttaino place on the liattldield, and in the iriommg proceeded with fiOO decapitated heads’ towards Peshawar and made pillars of the heads there. Five hundred horses and innumenthic cattle and pi’opertj’’ and manj’ weapons fell into their hands, llm prisoners of Tirati were rdeased, an(J on this side no w’dl-knoivn men were killed. On the night of Thursday, the 1st of KhurflSd, I proceeded towards Puahkar to shoot tigers, and on Friday killed two of them writli a gun. On the rtniiie day it was represented to me that Xaqih Khan had died. The aforesaid Khan waa one of the Swfi Sayj.‘ids, and was originalJy from QazAvin. The tomb of his father, Mfr ‘Ahdu-l-Latlf, is at Ajmir. Two months before iii.s death his wife,* ijetween whom and her litisband there was,

• OmniKtrt I-riw** Jaliinglr, Si, tt apiiMn frein that

that Mu’tM^id alitim tji^ir tllUii wu grfjpiuilly callod ALil.MiuMin. Aomnliivr to tht smtmat th«ra, tJia jirasjMrt. wen LrcriiK^ht t* J^Wiglr with the dmiiitated he4(l.t of IT.OOO |!> Haepeitaed from Ihsfr neoA’t!

• 33w W 11 » a dau^htur of Mir JI»hmCd, Ahbm-‘ft wwUry (Hlochnisith,

DliATFI op NAQIB lil[AN. PIBTH OP AN KI.EPHANT. 26^>

ti threat atfectkn, md who for twoUe drt 3 -H wm dl with fuv’er, clniiik the unpleasant diaaght of death, I ordenKl them to buri’ liiiii hy the side of Ids wife, whom thej” had pbeed in the tiliwajft’a veneratefi tnaiisolenui. As )lu’t 4 itjid VQiai’ had done nppi-oved acrviee iu the h«;ht with AfidSd, in reward lie was exaltrti with the title of Ijishkar fihhn, Daj-annt ShAn, who hiid been sent to Udaipur in the service of Baba SJjiiirrani and to convey certain orders, tame on the 7 th IshiirdAd and {jsve good account of the rules and regulationa made hj’ Baba IQiurrani. Fidft’J Khan, who in the flays of mj’ prinee- hood was m 3 ’ servant, and w’horji after my accession 1 liad made hakhsiii in this ami)’, and who Imfi obtained favour, gave up the deposit of Ins life on the I 2 th of the same month. Miraa Bustani, as he showed signs of repentance and regret for his iiiis- deccLs. and generosity demanded that his faults shonid be pardoned, was. in the end of the month. Biirnmoned to 1113 ’ presence, and 1 mitisfied bis mind, and baii’ing given him a dress of honour, ordered him to pay* his rtspeeta to me. On the night of Sunday, the lUh of the moiith of ‘riT, a female elephant in the private elepliant stud gave birth to ft young one in my pn-senoe. 1 had lepeatedl)’ r.rdered them to ascertaia the period of their gestation ; at last it became ei-ident that for a female young one it was IH months ntid for’o male I!J months In opposition to the birth fd a human being, which is ill most cases by a head delivery, 3 ‘oniig elephants are lx>m with their feet first. the young one was bom,

the mother scattered din-ft upon it with her foot, and begsin to be kind and to i>et it. The young one for an instant remained fallen, and then ri.siiig, luivle towards its mother’s breasts. On the I4th the assembly nf GulBb-pA4i (sprinkling of rrjse-water) took place; from former times this has been known ns (water*sprinkliug), and

has become estaMtsheti from amongst customs of former

366 DKAtH OF ilAN SI\GM, JAHAXQrk’H IlLXK’iS.

lift}’!!. Oil the .^tli AiiiurdH4 (middle July, caiiic

news of the death of Raja .llSii .Singh.’ * The aforesaid Hajtt w(LH one of the chief odiceni of my revered father. An 1 had sent many senaiitw of the State to fujrve in the Deccan, I also appointed Jdm. After Ida death in that wrvdce. I ,cnt for itirrA Bliflo Singli, >vho was his legitiruate heir. Aa fnjiii the time iivheii ( was piijice he Imd done iimch service witli me. oi though the chiefdijp and hcad-ship of i},eir family, according to the Hindu cutitoni. should go to Midiii Singh, son * of Jagat Singh, the thijas oMewt son, who had died in the Utter’s lifetime’ I did not accept him, but I dignified Bhilo Singh witli tlie title of MiiTii Raja, and mised him to the mansab ^ of 4,060 perwmil and S.OOO hoi-se. I also gave him Aiufjor, the native place of hia ancestora, aoid, soothing and consoling the mind of Mahii Singh, increased his former iiiansah by 506, and gave him «s an the

tcrritoiy’ of Garha,* f also sent him a jewelled dagger Ik^lt. a horse, and dress of honour. On the 8th of tiiDjith of Amuidad f found a change in my health, and by degrees was seirjid with fever and headache. For fear that some injury might occur to the country and the servants of God, I kept this secret from rndwt of those familiar with and near to me, and did dot iufomi the physicians and hakiins. A few dej-s passed in this manner, anti I only imparted this to NOr-Jaliiiii Begain, than whom 1 did not think anyone was fonder of’mo;

( aljstaincd from eating heavy foods, and, contenting myself with a little light food, went every day, according to my mie, to the public Diwan-khana (hall of andienee). . and entered the Jharokha and f/htij/al-k/tdiia (paHonr)

in in lfil4, otid m th^ month

• Tffit bj fer

ACCOtXXT OF ILLSES 3 .

367

in my mjxal inaniiiur, until signs of weakjiefgis ebowt^ theinselveii in tny skin.* Some of tlie nobka^ becami^ uware of this, and infanncd one or two of uiy phyeiiciiuiH who were tru?5twoitliyp sutli as Jlaklm Ilakiui Abu-l-i|asiint and HaklTii ‘Abdu-^-^akur. As the fever did not change, and for three nights I took my usual w^laep it brought on greater weakness. In the time of dbr|Qietude, and wdien weakness prevailed over tne, 1 went to the mauf^leuni of the revered KhwAjap and in tlmt blessed abode pmyed to God Alinight^’^ for reooveiyp and agreed to give aims and eharity* God Almighty, in His pure grace and mercy* bestowed on me the robe of honour of health, and by degrees I recovered. The headochCp which liad been very aeverOp subsided under the retnedies of I:!aklm Abdu -sh -Sha kiir. and in the space of twenty-two days my state returned to what it was befon?+ The servants of the jialacc, atid indeed tho whole of the people^ mode otforings for this great bounty I accepted the alms of no one, ami ordered that eveiyone in hi.^ own house should distribute what he wished onmng the poor. On the 10th ^^ahiiwar news cnuie that TAj Kh^f the Afglian, governor of Thatta,* \md di€?d; he was one of the old nobles of the SUto*

During my illncas it hod ooeurred to me tliftt when I comptetely recovered^ inasmuch I was inwardly an ear-bon^ slave of the Khwajg (Mu^mu-d-din) and was iiidehted to hirn for my eriMtcnee, I should openly make holes in my ears and f;e enrolled among hia ear-marked slaves. On Thnmdayt I3th Shahriwar.* eorrasponding to the month of Rajah, I mode holes in my cars and drew into eacti a shining peurh When the swrii’Ants of the palace and iny loyal Friends saw tliis, both thoHe who

^ Pcrlu|iii thfl nmaiagf u llut there Wm^ vniptiOD.

• which pcrluiM hert liiaic* ef the hArceeiir

• Thin is Ti?h Bej? (BICKhlnittiBfc p. 457). The temt tuu

• JahAngir Wftit born in this monlhp which th«l corrAifpaTidlird Up RajAbL

368 WKlOHltKJi’r. DEATH OF FARTofN KHAN.

\n^Te ill tho pnsseiictt ttiid stmie wiio u-tru m tlie distnnt borders diligiMitly uid tigtriy iiiado hole* in tliflr eaw. And fldoni,>d tbo bfAUty of sincerity ndth peiirls imd mbit* which were in the private tfvaniiry, and wuro ijf,‘ftoT,ved on tlieui, until by decrees the infLttion cauylit the AiuuliH and othere. At the end of the day of TJmriday. the 23nd of the said mouth. corn-KpoiidiiJt’ with the iOth SijA’han. the iiieetin^’ for tuy »olar Mei^fliinfr wne airan^-ed in my private luidieiice hall, and tiie iisuat oheervances were curried out. On the sutiie day Alinul Kajji BIim Singh. gmtiHed aud pr&spcrouii, i-etiinnKl to iiun nativo country with the promiflc that he would not delay (there) more til An two or three months. On the 27tii of tile month of -Vihr news cAuie that Farldfin Khun Barlfis iiad died at Cdaipur, In tJie clan of BartiU no leader reuiaijiwi but he. Ah hlB tribe had many claiina on tiiia State and endless wnnwtioii uHth it. [ [Mtronisrti Ins son liihr -Ali. and raised him to tlie mansab of 1.000 perMOunl and iioi-se. On account of the approved services of lihan Dauran.

I increased by J.OOO his mansab. which Ijecsme 6.000 persoiiai and 5,000 horse, original and increase. On the «th AhMi the qarfunti^ reportisl that three

tigers had bt’en met at a distance of 0 kos. Starting after midday, I killed all three of tiiem with a gun. On the gth of the laodth the festival of the Dewali came on.

I ordcrwl the attendants of the [MiJace to have gainea wit 11 each other for two or three njghta in my presence; win Dings and loeinga took place. On the 8th of this month they hrought to Ajniir the liody of .Sikandar ita’in Qamw’ul (Shikari), who w’oi* one of my old attendants and hud done much service for me when I wim prinw. from Udaipur, which wu-s tlie place where my son Sultan Khumim was staj-ing. f ordered tlie qarawuila and his fellow-tribesmeu to take \ih Wy and buiy it on the Ijftnk of RAnu Shankars tank. He was a good servant to me. On the 13th Asar two daughters whom

ARRIVAL OF KtCH BKHAH FKlNCESiSES.

IslAm Jill All in his had tnkcn from the Zaiiiin<Uir

of Kiich (Behar)p whosie countiy if* on the boundary of the eiwteni pnovinceSp together with, liw son and 94 okphantfl^ w’ere broiight before ine* Some of the elephanbi were pl^lced in my private stud. On the same day, HiL^iaug, Warn Khan-e sow, came from Bengal^ and hud the good fortune to kiss tlie ttircishold, and pm^ented as otferings two elephants^ 100 mtihrs, and lOO ^lpee-■i^. On one particnlar night lu Oay I dreamt that the late king <Akbir) said to me: “Babrip forgive for iny sake the fault of ‘Axiz ILhaiij who da the Kihn A’r.aui." j\Jler this dreaaip I decide to summon him from the fort (of Gwalior)^

There in a ravine in the neighbourhood of Ajmir that its very boftutifuL At the end of tins ravdne a spring appearK which is collected in a long and broad tank, and is the best water in Ajmir. This valley and spring arc widl known as 11 atm Jam Ah When I crossed over to this place I ordered a suitable building to be made there, an the place via^ g(xxl and fit for developing. la the course of a year a houi^ and groiinda were made there, the like of wdiicli those* who travel tound tlw TAorld cannot point out They made a basin 4<) gaj! by 40p and made the water of the spring rise np In the basin by a fountain. The fountain leaps up 10 or 12 ga?!. Buildings are laid on the edge of this iMsin, and in the aamo way abovep w hore the tank and fountain ore, they liav^e made agreeable places and en- clianting boUs and rcsting-rooms pleasant to the aeniwa These have l>ceii oonfttructed and tinislied off in n masterly style by skilled painterfi and clever artiste. A« I desired Gint it should l>e called by a name

J In thifl %n iUusSm lo cflmislimiiitaO’ Ti!&lArJt of Sir ThomM

Bue* Sit TiHmviS did beA eOliW m AjJiait UU iSweic^nirp ISIS, h^% Jahinpr i. W ot ifh.t * }W

hi. »Uil to Ilofil Jo®*!- Tls® chHWios™n ™ ItEJl (HJS).

^70

JAMaL. I’KBjflAy FKClTli.

^ihnected with .i,y au^tust flame, I gave it the fla,„e ot Uw«hn,«.,->fir, or ’the fouiitaiti of Jight.’ In aliort lie one fault it Jul. ,‘a thf.. that it ought to be«n

large oi y. or at a place by which raen fi^iuvutly

often paW rhur^ay« and Fridays there, I onlered n r " eh-flogrum for It. com-

dfj t SoItLunith..

<iM;o\ered it in thia clever hemistieh :—

“The jalnwl of ^|, XUrml-tUa ,r»lj4o(frr " [JOilJ.

I ordered them to pat o stone witli thi. curved upon Jt oil tlie top of the portico of the bniJdiiiu>

In the heginning of the month of 1).;. merclmflt. came

m ermn and brought FKjinegmnate. of Ya^d and n.cou* from Kiirfe, which ai^ the tie.t of Khntaaafl loelon., ao many that ail the aervanta of ti.e Court and the Amirs of the froutiem obtained a portion of them m«l were yery grateful to the True tJiver (Cod) fur _ >cm. J hail never iuid anch melons and pomegtanatos

It ^med a. if I .^d never Imd a pomegi:„ate

^daklishan and pomegranates from Kabul, Imt they no «»npariaofl with the Yazd pomegranates anJ ht Kuru: melom. As my roverad father (nmy God’s %ht be his witness IJ liad a gnjat likinir for fruit I was very grie^ned tJiat such fruits had not come to Hifldustei. tmtn Persia in his victorious time, that he oiigl.t have enjoi-cd and profited by them. I imve the Hame re^t for the ‘f/r (so-called otto of

n*ses). ^ “*tnls wm- not gratified with such essence. Thm dtr is a discovery which mX

during my raign through the efforts of the mother of ^tlrJahan Begum. When she was making rose-water

• t[mb>ll-i-!3J}nh Xara-d.<|Ja JJiiiu™:. m-J 4 noi’i) li„ h„. ..

A.S.B. far Au*u.t. 1973, ,4, 159^^’ ^ r^<««ding.

OTTO &F KOSsEy.

271

11 HCUiii formed on the Hurfiiqe of the di^ihe^ into which the hot PCM<e-water wa,** poured from the jugs. Stio collected this liCtiiu little b}” little; when tnueli toi^ w’litcr WiUf oht 4 iincd £k flcni^ible portion of the Hcuni vras coUecteiL It Ih o£ hucIi Ktnfiigth in ixTfniue that if one drop he mbbed on the palm uf the hand it i^enti^ a Avhfde iu^>mb1ya and it nppearH if iiiaiij I’ed i’o»iehudj4 hiid hlooiiied at once* Then& m no other scent of eiinal excellence to iL It reatores hearts that havo gone mid hringa back w’itherefl souIh. In reword for tliat invention 1 prei^ented a string of pearls tn the inventrejw. Salliim* Sultw Begam (may the lighta uf God be on her tomb) was prt!^M!int» and she ^ve this oil the noiue of ^‘itrd- Jahangiri/

Great ditferenee appeared in the cUniate? of India. In this month of Day, in Lahore, ivliieh !§ between Persia and Hindustan, the niulberr^’-treo bore fruit of as niueh sweetncsfi and due Bavour as in its ordinary’ seaaom Fur some days people w^ere delighted by eating iL The news- writers of tlmt place w^rote this. In the sajiie dayH Bakhhir Kban Kalawant, who was closely connected w’ilh Adil Hbaii, iiuiBuitich as he (-Adil) married liis oivn brother’s daughter n> hini^ iind made hiiii kis preceptor in singing and durj^U appeared in the Wbit of

a dervish. Siniinioning him and oiic|tiiring into his circumstatices, I endeavoured to honour hmu In the first assembly I gave him lOflM rupees in cash and 5<) pieces of cloth of all sorts and a string of pilaris, and hiidiig made him a guest td Amf Klmii. ordcrwl him to encjuire into his eircuinstMic4w, It did not appear whether he

hud come without ‘Adil Kban^R pennisaioii, or the latter

• Salfcau died iu ihn 7l^ jeir, iki Llu-t ihs di^covcf^’ mii5t liAvii pccnrfC^L Jictnc time lieforts this mention of iL

Hioelastonir " potit |Aerafl wdiojureiitfitt £|« cinq

humutidiv H’U’ njpiii* It wm [nreiit4Nt by Rij* M?Ui. ^

rowdier ” (OaitiQ da Hirt, litl- liiiidDQi&, i, 133.

2/2 ‘AniL Kitiy. acooi’sx of sriuxoE Biai>,

liiul Htnt him in this j^uiffe in order tlmt lie niii-ht find out the designs of this Court Hud hring him news about tliem, ConsidcHiig his relationship to ‘Adil Kh&ii, it is most probable that he has not come without ‘Adil Khairs knowledge. A report by ifir JaiMlu^d-din Jlusain. who at this time was four) aiidiasAudor at Bijupur wiTob-Jrates this idea, for he writes that ‘Adil l»i«. on Hcwnuut of the kindness whieh has been shown by H.M. (Jahangir) to BaWitar lihnn, been very gracious to iiim (Jaiiiiilu-d~dEn). Every day he has shown him more a^ mnn: favour, keeps him Ixsaide liiui at nights, and recites to him durpats, which he (‘Adi) has

composed, and w’hich lie calls fiaurcis^ (Juvenilia)i “ Hie reiiijlinder of the facta will be written on the day when I my liLHiniswiL"

In these days they brought a bird from the country of Zirbar) (Sumatra, etc., Hloehmnziu, p. Glfi) wJiich wan coloured like a parrot, but hail a aniuJlcr burly. One of if« peculiarities Is that it lays hold with its feet of the branch or perch on wliicli they may Imve placed it and then inakea a .sornemauJt, and remains in this position «ll night and whi.spere to itsdf. Wien day comes it scats itiwlf on the top of tho branch. Thongh they saj- that animals have worship, yet it is mast likely that this pmctice is instinctivt It never drinks water.

and water acts like poi^sm uj^n it. thongh other birds’ KqbiiMt on

In the month* of Bahniaii there came pieces of good

th, «m.inder of the

neeift U> be sn extract freai bin report. Muhtumiuri Wlrii. in his coatinuohOii of tho Pad.3hAl1.nin>*, Rif. JIR Add. n. 4JS

mentHHii, with ropreUtion, tW ‘Adil ShAh bed gii™, his ^ iii nvuTiA^ Ea it Ringer.

’ Trmnsijiied

SUBMISSION OF THE Ft AN A.

m

onq after the other. The tirst that the Rilnl^ Ainar Singh liatJ elected for obedieDC^ and service to the Court Tiie circuiiistauces of this affair are these, ^ly son of lofty foriime, Sul^i T^urratii, by dint of placing a great niAiiy posts, eepccially in some places where most people said it was iiupossiblo to place them on account " of the badness of the air and water and the wild nature of the ioctdltieSp and by dmt of moving the royal fomeg one after imother in pursuit, without rcgarti to the heat or excessive rain, and making prisoners of the families of the inhabitants of that region, brought inatters with the Rnna to such a pass that it became dear to him that if this should happen to him again he must either fly the oountiy or be mitde prisoner. Being without remedy, he chose obedience and loyalty* and sent to my fortunato son hia maternal unckp Subh Karan, with Haridla Jhalh, who WAS one of tho men in his confldenee, and petitioned that if that fortutuiie ^n would oak forgiveness for his offences and tranquillisc his luindp and obtain for him the auspicious sign-manual,’^ ho would himself come and wait on my son, and would send his son and Kucceasor Karan to Courts or he, after the iiianiier of other Rajas, would be enrolled amongst the servants of the Court and do service. He also begged that he himself might be excused from coming to Court on account of his old age^ Accordingly my Eton sent them in company with his own Diwon ^luJla Shukro-llah. whom after the conclusion of this busaoess I dignified with the title of Af/Jil KMn. ^“d Sandar Dfts, his mujor’-doma, who, after ttua tiiatter was settledp was honoured wdth the title of Kay KAyinH to the exalted Courts and repreoented the circumstances. My lofty

I lit. procara for him tbn nipl of tb4 yHHd pa^ja Ififv (Snf^nn^. TtM fiign-mAnujil wm tht of Jhhaiv^- ^ b«lav. Soe «li« Tai’« tUjutJiAAp ruprint, 1 4llp fw A i^prnwDfcAticMi of ? ■!» p, 3A3,

OCAjC: id.

13

27t DEATH OF HAHADIffi OF OUJAkAT. ENGLISH VICTOHV.

mind WflH nlwftya desirous, as far mt poHsibk, not to dn^riQj tile old families- The lual point was tliat as Riliiii Amar Singh and I Ah fathers, proud in the strength of their hilly country and their abodes, luid never seen or obeyed any of the kings of Hindustan, this should be brought about lu rny reign. At the rerjU^t of my son t forgave the olfenees. and gave a gracious ’

fartnan that should satisfy him, and impressed on it the mark of my auspicious jjalm-i I also wrote a farman of kindness to my son that if }ie could arrange to settle the matter I should bo tnucii pieoMcd, My mm also sent them® with Mqjlil ^lukru-llali and Sundar Das to the RaiWi to TOiisole him and make him hopeful of the royal favour. They gave him the gracious farman with the sign-manual of the aiLspieious hand, and it was settled that on Sunday, the 2ath of the month of Bahman. he and his Hons should come and pay their respects to toy son. The secoud piece of good news was the death of Baiifidur, who wo-h descended from the rulers of Gujarat, and was the leaven of disturlnnce; and mischief (there). Almighty God had annihilated him in Hia mercy : he died of a natiiml illnesa. The third piece of news was the defeat of the Waroa (Portuguese Viceroy), who had done his best to take the castirand port of Surat. In the roadstead* of the port of Surat a fight took place between the English, who had taken alielter there, and the Viceroy. Most of his ships were burnt by the English fire. Being heJpIeaa he had not

‘ mtiMnut (Tad’s RsjiutW, i, 3S3 and 411).

• Pl?rlupH tlvD nncia and Hirul&S. Or tbs IiM, ’ iJrtm,’ nmy msou itui farman. Sas ClUnt. Ti, MO, whiclt hui’ my IctUoi.’ Tod bu truudaCod Utu port of tbs Tflnik, i. 3SSL

■ Ttifl tart lio* and LO. ISI bu

mBonji a bay Or ^Jf in Axabie. The bnltlit Is tbmt bsEveen n. nr^i T I Ek^wntoa &q4 the FciPitai^ne, wLich took [4iia) id anti

(Jeacribisd in OrtM’a Twigmenti^ p. 351. eto. Bern liw UadW

‘■PbrtngUMO in Indii^" ii, ITO, -nM- eogastm^t Wn. m tlm Swidly caaddbL

MALIK ^AMBAR. TETE

the power to fight nriy more, und took to flight. Ho Bent some one to 5fuf|orrflb Khiliip who ww the go%*emor of the portB of Gujar&t, nnd knocked at the door of peace, and said that he hftd coiue to make pcaco and not to make war. It was the EDglL^h w’ho h&d ^ttlrted up the war. Another piece of jsews wa^ that f^onio of the Rajputs, who ha^l determined to attack and kill ‘Andiar (misprinted GhirV. hnd made an ainhinJi^ and finding a opportunity liad gained accesa to him,

when a Blight wound had been inflicted on him by one of them. The luen w-ho wen? round ‘Aiiihar (again misprinted GhlE*) had killed the Rjijputa and taken ^Ambar to his quarters. A %’eiy little ^ more would bav^e made an end of him. In the end of thbi month, when I was employed in hunting in the environs of Ajniir, Muhammad Bog* an attendant on nij Fortunate son Sultan Ehurram, came and brought a repart from that jsion, and stated tliat the Raiia had come adtli bis iiOQfi and paid hia rcspecta to the prince; ’tbe details \vould be made known by tbe report," I immediately turned the face of aupplication to the Divine Court, and prostrated myself in tlianksgidng I presented a horse, an elephantp and a jewelled dagger to tbe aforesnid Muhammad Beg, and hououred bitn irlth tbe title of Zu-l-faqar Klian.* From the report it appeared that on Sunday^ the 20th Bahman, the Rami paid his reapocta to my fortunate son with the politeneas and ritual that eervanta pay their res|iecta, and produced as offerings a famousi large ruby tliat was in his hom^e^ with some decorated artides and seven elephants, soiue of them dt for the private stud, and which liad not fallen into

’ KUicit, vft An ^fr. nmmrlEif, tlH »iintciH:« w soti

{ntelUifLhl^- PrcImBljr the t4r*fMtlAbii3i3i fehould *• Xo FfliiulEi«d

tho !Uj].>utH htea killed^ who could Acijili M^lik

■ FtchiiHr the nr ^ndf^tlrtr af Xlm Muhunmid Beg ^q-l-Liq&r

whe wu A fl«rv 4 llt ol Aurm£»gxlb ■ nnuitA, ti,

376

ACCOUNT OF THK RAN A A Nil UU SON.

our kandA aprl Trere the acnly ones left hini, and nina horses.

My flcin ftlAo Ixihaved to him with perfect hindnur^ When the BduA oLaspcd his feet and asked forgivencsa for his faiiltSp ho took hia head and phicx’d it on his breastj and consoled him in ancli a luaniieF os to comfort kiiu* He preaeDted hsin with a superb dreaa of honour, a jewelled sword, a horse with a jewelled saddle, and a private ekpliant witli ajJver houaings, and, as thera wene^ not more thau 100 men with him who were w orthy of complete robes of honour (sar u pa.)^ he gave 106 sarupa and 50 horses and 12 jewelled kliapvtxi (daggers)^ As it is the custom of the jSaniindars that tlie mu wdio ie the heir-apparent should not go with his father to pay bis respects to a king or prince, the Eanii observed this custom, and did not bring with him Kanin, the son who had received the ilka. As the hour (fixed by astrology) of the departure of that son of lofty fortune from that place was the end of that same day, he gave him leave, bo that, having himself gone, he might send Karan to pay hia respecta After he had gone, Kanin also came and did so. To him also he gave a snpe-rb dress of honour, a jewelled sw^ord and dagger, a horse witli a gold saddle, and a special elephant, and on the same day, taking Karan in attendance, he proceeded towards tlie illiuitriouB Court., On the 3rd lAfandaiTiiua my return to Ajniir from hunting took place. From the 17th Bahmaii up to that date, during w hich I was hunting, one tigress with three cnbs and thirieen niJgaw had bt’en killed. The fortunate prince encaruped on Saturday, the 10th nf the same month, at the village of Devroni, wdiich is near the city of Ajmir, and an order was given that ail the Amirs should go to meet him, and that each should present an offering according to his standing and condition, and on the nest day^ Sun^y, the 11th, ho ahontd bavo the good fortune to wait upon The next

QF 5ULTAX KHUi^RAM (mill JAHAN)* 277

day thiQ princts with with nU the

victorioufl forees that had been appointed to accompany him on that ser^nce, entered the public palace. The hour for hi 111 to wait on me waa when two watchea and two ghari.H of the day had parsed, and he had the good fortune to pay hia n}f^p€^ctap and performed hln prontnitionR and aalutatiozi!!. He presented 1,000 aaliraBs and 1^000 mpcaa by way of otfering, bOOO ninhTfi and i,000 rupees by way of charity, i called that son forward and embraced ill tin and having kissed his head and face, favoured him with NpecJal kindnesaoN and greetings. When he hod finished the dues of service and had presented hLs oftennga and chaHti^, he petitioned that Karan might be eiiatted with the good fortune of prostrating hiniaclf and paying hia respects. I ordered them to bring hiiUp and the Bakbshis with the usual ceremonies of reapeet produced hinn After proHtration and salutation were completed, at the r(N]ucst of my lion lUiumiiu^ 1 ordered them to place hjui in front on the right hand of the elrde^ After this I ordered Kbtirmm to go and wait on hia mothers^ and gave him a special dress of honour, consisting of a jewelled cftdrqflb (sJeeveJesa vest), a coat of gold brocade^ and a rosaiy of pearhL After lie had made bis Kalntation. there were presented to him a special dress of honoiirp a special horse with a jcwelJed saddle, and a special eleplmnth 1 also honoured Kamn with a superb robe of honour and a jewelled sword* and the Amins and mansabdam had the honour of prostrating themselvea and paying their respects, and presented their olferings. Each of thcsCp according to his service and rank* was honoured with favoum As it waa neceswary to win the heart of ICaraii, w^ho was of a wild nature and Itiid never seen aiiiseniblies and had lived among the bilh^, I every da}^ showed him eomc fresh favour^ m that on the second day of his attendance a jewelled dagg^‘r^ and on the nc^ day a special Iraqi horse with jeweUed saddle, were given

278 KHASJ’S PUNlsasCBOT.

to him. On the day when he went to the darbar in the female apartments, there were given to him on the part of Nfir-Jahan Begam ct rich dreea of honour, a jew’elled HWord, a horae and saddle, and an elepliant. After this I presented hjin with a rosaiy of pearls of great value On the next day a special elephant wdth trappings (^a&tyir) w^ere given. As it was in my mind to giv& him something of every kind, 1 predated him w^ith three haw’ku and three falcons, a speeia] ftwordj a coat of mail, a special cuirass, and two ringSj one vsith a rohy and one w^ith an cmemld. At the end of the month 1 Ordered that ail sorts of cloth Hiulfs, with carpets and cuahioTiH (named and all kinds of perfumea,

with vessehs of gold^ two Cnjrati carta, juul cloths, should be placed in a hundred trays. Tlie Aliadis carried them in their arms and on their shouldera to the public audience Imll, w’hcrc they were bestowed on him.

Sftbit Khan ^ at the paradi^ ~ resembling assemhlies was always addni^ing unbecoming speeches and making palpable allusions to rtiniAdu-d-daulah and his non A*af KJtinn. Once or twice, showing rtiy d [alike of this,

I had forbidden him to do so, but tliiw waa not enough for him. As I held very dear rtiii^udu-d-daulah’s good¬ will tow’ards me, and w^as very closely connected with hiti family, this matter became very irk^me to me. Ag one night without reason and without motive he began to speak unpleasant words to him, aud said them to such an extent that aigns of vexation and annoyance became evident in Itimiddu-d-dauJah’s face» I sent him next morning, in the custody of a servant of the Court, to A^f Khan to siky that os on the previous evening he had spoken unpleasant words to his father, I handed him over to him, and he might shut him up either there or in Oic fort of Gw-alior, ae he pleased^ until ho

• R.A.S. SIS. hu Dftjijiar aad sa huLO^ MS. ISl.

GIFTS TO PEIlVI^lHES. BIRTH OF GRANDCHILD. 37^

made amt^nds to hta father I y^oM mvtT forgive hh fault. According to the order A^£ }i\xku bent him to Gwalior fort. In the same month Jahangir Qiili ^lan was pixunotcd to an increased rruuLmb, and was ^vca tliat of 2,500 personal and 2^000 horse, Abmad Beg Kinn, who Ls one of the old retainers of the State, committed BOiue fauJta on tliu joumi’y to the Siibah of Kabul, and Qilij KiAn, who was the coinniandar of the army, had repeatedly complaintd of hia making liiiiwelf dieiULgreeabie. Neceasarily I summoned him to Court, and in order to piiniati lum handed lihii over to ilabAbat Khan to confine him in the fort of Kaiitambhor^ Qilsiin Onii. governor of Bengal, liad sent two rubies as an offering, and they were laid before me. Ah I had made a rule that they nhonld bring before me after two watches of tbe night liad posscfl the dervbbea and neccsflitoTis people who had collected in the illuatriocs palact.s this year also after the same manner I bestowed on the dervishca with my own Imnd and in my own presence 55,fK)0 rnpeea and ISKljOCO bigtaiH of lanil^ with fourteen entire villages, and twenty-six ploogliflj and 11,000 (aos-loada) of rice; I presented as weU

732 pearls, o£ the value of 36,000 rupees, to the servanta who by way of loyalty had bored their ears.

At the end of the aforesaid month news Cfline that when four an<i a half gharis of night had pa^^ on Sumiay, the Ilth of tbe month, in the city of Btirhanpur, Vfod Almighty had bestowed on Snl|&n Farwiz a non by the daughter o£ Prince .MnrfuL I gave him the name of SuMn Dtir-andlsh® (long-thoughted).

1 QtiliKt. It dtftm ekA appiMT tbat tbh \a a buKl-mwiifv^

< It In a Sw SIM, wh™ a khaTWir k

jiaJA to Iw eqmi to t«n Hifidia-itani t^au&da.

a PrtbftUy thiB dw khi who died in the 14tfe yew (TilEalE, ^ 292).

NtlW TKAR CEl.KBnATEOSS.

(The Texth New’ Year’s Festeval after mt

Acrspiciot’s AccESsioi^

When 55 uecutidn Jiad poKsed on SAtunda^. J at Purwardiii, iu my lOth yeor^oomaspoodiTiig with the 8tli‘ oE the month of Safar ()fatt:h, 1815). 1024- Hijra, the Him from the conatelktioD of Piacca entered the house of honour of Aries. When three ghaiiH hod passed on tlie night of Sunday I seated myself on the throne of State. The N’ew Year’s feast and ceremonials were prepared in tho usual tnanner The iUtiatrinus princes, tho great Khans, the chief ofliccra and Ministers of State made their salutatiotia of con- gratulation. On the 1st of the month the tuansab of I’tiinadu*d-dau]ah was increased from 5,000 personal and 2,000 horse by 1,000 personal and borse. Special hnines were given to the Kuira-ar Karan, Jahftngir Qull Khan, and Haja Bir Singh Deo, On the 2ad the offering uf Asaf Was laid liefore me; it was an approved oflering of jewels and jewelled ornaments and things of gold, <jf cloth stutBi of all kinds and descriptions, and was looked over in detail. That which I approved was worth 85,000 rupees. On this day a jewelled sword with a belt and band (?) (fwnd « 6ar) w’os given to Karan, and an elephant to daliangir QuU Khan- As I had made up my mind to proceed to the Deccan, I gave an order to ‘Abdu-h Karim Ma’muri, to go to Mmidu and prepare a new building for my private residence, and repair the buildings of the old kings. On the 3td day the ofTerings of Raja Bir Singh Deo were laid before me, and one ruby, some pearls, and one elephant had the honour of being accepteiL On the 4th day the monsab of Mq.stafa Khan was iucreosed by 500 personal and 200 horse to 2.000 personal

• Shoald be mth. See EUiot, vi, 341. LO, 181 has SUh, aori this Is tmbabl^ correct, bl*tat^ and Aoa^m bein^ often mistahnn for one aanthDf by the cepyiata. E.M. MS. Add. iiKIS has dOAkimta, Monday. iMtesd of ^h&i, Satuiday.

PROMOnoX^, SOiaH HCLll’SIL

2Bl

and 250 liur^. Oti the 5th I gave * Ktandjird and druTiiH to l‘tiuiiidti-d-diiu1ft1iH and an ordt^r wm giv^en him to beat hin druniHt Tho miinHab of Amf waa

increased by 1,000 personal and horse to 4,000 pentonaj and 2,000 horse, and haN-ing increased the inaiisi^b of Kaja B[r Singh Deo b}" 700 horse^ I dismissed him to his own eounliyt directing ttiat he should present himself at Court at stated periods* On the same day the offering of Ibrahitu Kba^ was kid Ijofore oio. Some of all the kinds of things pleased zue. Kishan Ohand, of the sons of the KajiiH of Xagarkofc, was hoiioured with the title of Raja* On Tlnirnday* the Gth, the offeringH of rtiiuRdu-d-daukii were laid before me at Cha^ma-L-Xiir; a large meeting liad been arranged, and by way uf favour the whole of his offerings wei^ insx»«^tcd* Of the jewels and jewelled things and choice cloth stufls the ^lue of lOD^OOO rupees was accepted, and the remainder given Ijack, On the 7th day I increased by 1,000 jjeiwnaJ the nianBab of Xishan Singh, vrhich liad been 2,000 iiersonal and 1,500 horse. On this day a tiger WHS killed in the neighbourhood of Cha^nia-i-Xfir. On the 8th I gave Karan the niansab of 5,000 personaJ and horse, and gave him a small romry of pearls and emeralds with a ruby in the centrep which in the language of the Hindu?^ ia called (Sanskrit for

’ remembrance I increased the manoab of Ibrahim libAti by 1,000 personal and 400 horse, so as b> make it 2,000 personal and 1,000 hor^p original and increase. Tlie nians 4 ib of Ilajl Bl Ozbeg was increased by 300 liorae, and that of Hilja Shyam Singh by 600 peTsonal, so as to make it 2,500 peraonal and 1,400 horse. On Sumiay, the Gth. there wa^ an eclipse of the sun, when twelve gharis of the day had paasod. It began from the west, and four out of five parta of the ann were ectipacd in the kn<^ of the dragon. From the commenceitient of the seizure nntil it became light eight ghoria elapsed.

Blll’ni OF DAltl .^UKCk. fHOJlOTIOJfS.

2SS

Alins of nil kinds, mid things in the shape of anidinls, and vegetable, were giVen to fnki™ and the poor and people in need. On this day the offering of Raja Sumj Singh was laid before me; what was taken was of the value of 4;J,000 mpees. The offering of Bahadur igiftn, the gnvenior of Qaiidohar, was also^Jaid before me on tliiu day; its total value came to 14,000 ntpees, Two watclies of the night haf] parised on the night of Monday, the aOth l?;afnr (aoth Match, 1615), in the uaceusion of Sagittarius, when a boy was bom to Bihn lihurmiii hy the daugliter of A^f KiAn ; f gave him the name of Dam Siukoh, I hope that his coming will Ije propitioiLs to this State conjoined witli eternity, and to his fortunate father. The tnimaab of Sayyid ‘All Barha was increasef] by 500 periiomi and 300 hoiBc, so as to bring it to 1,500 personal and 1,000 horse. On the 10th the offering of I tibar 5i>ilji was hud before me. and what was of the value of 40,000 rupees was ^epted. On this day the znansab of Khusrau Bf Uztieg was raised by 300 horse, and that of Mangll Khan by 500 personal and 200 horse. On the 11th the offering of MurboA Khati was laid before me. Of it seven rubies, one rosary of pearls, and 270 other pearls were accepted, and their ^-aluc was 145,000 rupees. On the 12th the offeringi^ of MirzA Raja Bliao Singh and HAwat Shankar were laid before me. On the 13th. out of the offering of KhwAja Abn-I-hasun, one qntbi (Egyptian/) mby, one diomDiid, one string of pearls, live rings, four pearLs, and sonic cloths, altogetlier the value of 32,000 rupees, were accepted. On the 14tb the mamaib of Ki’waja AbQ.J-basan, which was 3,0(M> personal and 700 horse, was increased by 1,000 peraonal and 500 horse, and that of Wafadar Kbau, of 750 personal and 200 horse, hy 2,000 personal and 1.200 horse. On the same iJay 3liutafA Beg, the anibaesador of the ruler of Iran, had the good fortune to wait upon me. After

OF XASGRX. BY OFFICERS* 383

completing the iftftttcr o£ GurjbtAn (Georginh my esiiHed brotlier «cnt him with a letter eoHE^ifiting of expiiesaions of friendship and li&^iiranees of aincerity^ with sex’emi horses, enniels^ and some stutiTa from Aleppo, whiqh had come for that fortunate brother from the direction of Rum. Xine large European hunting dqgs, for which a r^qumt had go&ep were also sent by hhn-

Murtarii KliAn. on fchia day^, obtained leave to go for the capture of tlie fort of Kii^tigra, the equal of which for strength they cannot point to in the hill country of the Punjab or even all the habitdble worlds From the time wdien the sound of Islam rcjwhcd the country of Hindiintati up to this aoKpicious time when the throne of ruJe haM been adorned h3=’ this sappliant at the throne of Allah, none of the rulerw or kings has obtained poKsessiDn of it. Once in the time rsf my revered father, the army of the Panjab %vas scut against this fortj and besiegeil it for a long tiiiie. At length thej’’ came to the oonclusioii that the fort was not to be taken, and the armj’’ was flcnt olf to some tiiore neceasary business, ’WTieii be wras dismissed, I gave Murtam Ebaa a privaUj elephant wdtli trappings. Raja Suraj Mai, hoh of Baja Biiso, as his country was near timt fort, was also appointed, mui his previous mans^ib w’os incroased by 500 personal and horHC, Baja Suraj Singh also came from his place and jagir and waited on me, and presented an otFenng of IQO ashrahs. On tlie l7tJi the offering of ^firza Ru«tai» was laid before me. Two jewelled daggers, one raeary of pearls. Home pieces of cloth, an elephant^ and four Iraq horses were accepted, and the wst returned; their value was 15,000 nipecs. On the lyime date the offering of I’titjad liban, of the value of 13.000 rupees, waa laid before me. On the 18th the offering of JahJingtr Quli lihan was inspected. Of jewels and cloth stuffs the value of 15,000 rupees was accepted. The inansab of I’iiqid Kh^ir which was TOO personal and 200 horse, 1 increased

Vt&IT TO CHASHMA-I-KUK.

hy 800 pcriiuiiAl mid 300 horse, so that with oid^nul and Increase it came to 1,500 personal and 500 lionjc. IQiiwrau Bl Osjheg. who was one uf tlie distinguished soldiei^, died of the diseufle of dysenteto’. On the 8th day. which was Tlmrsday. after two watches and four and a half gharts hud paiwed, the {highest point of the sun’s

awetLsion) l>egan. On this auspicious day I ascended the throne in happhieiis and prosperity, and the people saluted and congratulated me. Wlien one watch of tlie day remained I went to the Chaslinm-i-Xfir. According to agreement the offering of Vnhaliat lihan was laid before me at that place. He had arranged beautiful jewels and jewelleiy. with cloth stuff and articles of all kinda that were pleasing to me. jVmong these, a jewelled khapwa {dagger), which at his nn^iieat the royal artificers had made, and the like of wliich in value there did not esi»t ill my private treasury, was worth 100,000 rupees. In addition to this, jewels and otlier things of the value of 188,^ rupees were taken, Lidecd, it was a aplcndid offering. To ^luslafa Btfg. the ambassador of the ruler of Iran. I gave 20.000 dantb, or 10,000 rupees. On the 21st I sent robes of honour by the hand of ‘Abdu-l-Qbafur to fifteen of the Amirs of the Deccan. Raja Bikraiojtjtt obtained leave to go to his jagir, and a special sliawl (pann narm’) was given to him. On the same day I gave a jewelled waist-dagger to ilustafa Beg, the auibiutsador. I increased the niansab of Hushang, the son of Islam KiiAn. winch was 1,000 peraonal and 500 horae, by 500 persoiuil and 200 horse. On the 23iti, IbrAhfm Khan was promoted to the Suhali of Behar. ^far Khan vm ordered to present himself at Court To the mansab of Ibrahim Khan, which was 2,000 peraonal and 1,000 horse, I added 500 personal and 1.000 hotse, Saif Ki«n on the same day was dUmLssed to his jagir. as well os

• I ^ “ a wlMtildto for

PJiOMOTtOXsk VALUABLE fiUBY.

285

HijI Bl OKlkig, who wjjus hojiOQrMl with the titJe of KMn. Eahftduni’l-oiiillc, who Wlori^ed to the &noy of the Dcocati, and held the mariaah of 2^500 personal and 2^100 honse, recei ved an inereaflc of 500 personal and 200 horse. An increase of 200 wita made in the manAiib of Kh waja Tat|l, w’hich was 800 pcfrsomxl and 180 horse. Qn the 25th an increuae of 200 horse w^as made in the rank of Salainti-Ilah,. the Arab, flo that it became 1,500 personal and 1^000 hoTse. I presente<l MaMbat ^lau with the black piebald horse out of my special horBca which the rider of Iran had sent me- ^At the end of the day of Thnrsday 1 went to the honse of Bftbft KJbiinum and reuiaiiied there till a watch of the nij^ht had passed. His second offering was laid before me on that day* On the drat day he paid hLs respects he laid before me a ce1ebrat4>d mby of the which,, on the day of hia

paying his respects, ho had made an offering o£ to my son,, and which the jcivcller^ valued at 60,000 rupees. It was not worthy of the pmlsc they had given iL The weight of this ruby was eight t<l7ik} and it was formerly in the pottsession of Rily Maldeo^ who wan the clikf of the tribe of the KAthui’s and one of the chief rulers (or Rays) of Hindustan. From him it was transferred to his son Chandar Sen, who, in the days of his wretehedness and hopelessness, sold it to Eonn Udiiy Singhs From him it went to Kilna Partap, and afterwards to thb Mn^ Amur Singh. As tJiey liad no more valuable gift in

their family, he presented it on tlic day that he paid his respects to my fortunate son Bilbft HbuLram, together with the whole of his stud of clephnnts, w’hich, according to the Indian idiom, they call gheia rMr.*

L Aceoniini? m Uluifrta,. t^nka = ihh str. Four madlua nuka ft tunk, nod ift raojifaft is ftbqut IE trOjj^.

^ Tost khf/H tMr. But tha tm ikiL MSS. which

I haxtt cowulted hftv* no ft^wJ iWlu or ^Aoeia £Jh£r. 1 tBmk thftt tLc wwi mcLH be tfWiL wMch in ebm* ft trwp

286

PRESENTS. rfiOSlOTIOXS,

I ordered them to oiijjruve on the rub 3 ‘ that at ttic time of paj’ing hia reapects lUna Amar Singh had presented it a« an oJiering to Sultan Khurram. On that d&y certain other things from among the ofTeriiigs) of BftM Khurraiti were accepted. Among them was a little eryataj box of Frank work, made with great taste, with some emeralds, tlirec rings, four Iiwi horses, and various other things, the %-alnc of which was 80,000 rupees. On the daj- on which 1 went to his house he had prepared a great offering, in fact tlicra were laid before me things and rarities worth about four or Hve kkbs of rupees. Of these the ef]uivAlcnt of lOO.OOO mpecH was taken away and tho Imli&rjcL^ given to hini.

On the 28th the maiiitab of liliwilja Jahan, wliich waa 3,000 personal and 1,800 liorsc, was Increased by 500 personal and 400 horse. In the end of the mouth I presented Ibi-Ahim IQulii with a horse, a robe of honour, a jewelksJ dagger, a atandartl and dnimfl, and dismissed lum to tlm proidnee of Eehar. The office of ‘arz-mnkarrir (reidser of petitions), tiiat belonged to lyiwiijagi llaji iduhaniniad. ns he had died, I gave to Mqhhiis Kiniii, who was in my confidence. Three hundred horae were increased in the mansab of Diliiwar I^han, who now had 1,000 personal and iiorse. As tJie hour of tlie leave-taking of Kunwar Karan was at hand, I was desirous of allowing him T 113 * skill ill shooting with u gun. Just at this time the fdTOU’Mfnn (shikarin) brought in news of a tigress. Though it is an estahlisiied eustoiu of mine only to hunt male tigers, yai, in consideration that no other tiger might be obtained before his departure, 1 went for the tigress. I took with me Karan, and said to him that I would hit it wherever lie wished me to do so. After this arrangement I wont to the place where they tiod

of awtatilcd rw w»r. I nm oo4 Bnrs wb»t ttu 9 ward

m«iw, but p«fib4p!i it is qbIj- sq *«x. Aceartlidi; ta Aba l-faft & K«n[ of |wild}«ie|»tuuini is cKll«d *ala {BIocIiiduid, p. 122).

nV<X:E^Vh SHOT* KH^N A’ZAM. ^87

tiiarktKl down the tigtr. By chauce tLeit; was a wind and dLuturbanero in th» air, nrid iluh fi^iunla c^kphaiit on which I was njount^Kl wju+ tiftrifi^jd of the tigress nud would not Btaitd still. ^Notwitlistajiding tliese tw^o grvat obstacles to shootings 1 shot straight towartfe her eye. Ood Alniiglity did not allow me to Iio aslmined before that prince^ and, m I had agreed, I shot her in the eye. On the same day Karan petitioned me for a special gun, and I ga^e him a i^cial Turkish one.

As on the day far hi.H departnre I luid not giv’on IbrtUuni Kton an elephant, I now gave him a special elepliant^ and I also sent an elephant to Bahildnm-I-inulk and one to Wafadar Khan, Oti the 8th Urdiblhi^t the aw^ulb1age for my Umar weighing was held, and I weighed myself agaiiLst silver and other things^ diKtHbuting them amongst the daKCF^‘ing and needy^ Nawazish Khan took leave to go to his jagir^ which was in Mahva. On the sjinie day I gave an elephant to lihwaja Abli-U hasan. On the Uth they brought Kban A^^iii, who bad come to Agra from the fort of Gwalior, and w*ho laid been sent for. Though he had been guilty of many odencea, and in idl that I had done to him I wa^i right, yet when they bi’oiight him into my prcftencc and my eye fell on him, I perceived more shame In rnyseli than in him. Having pardoned all hh offences, I gave him the shawl 1 had round my ivAiflt. I gave Kunwar Knmn 100,000 durah. On the mmv ilay Riija Sumj Singh brought a large elephant of the name of Razi-rAwat, which was a celsbnitcd elephant of his, as an affctiiig. In fact, it woB such a rare elephaiit that I put it into my private stud^ On the 10th the offering of KhwAja Jahan, which ha sent iiia from Agru by the hand of his flon, was laid before me. It was of all kinds of things, of the value of 40,000 rupees. On the 12th the offering of Khan DaurAn^ which consisted of fortjj’-five ^ horfsc,

^ Panj Le. U by The tait liu

gifts Axn rBOjfOTioss,

as«

two Btrinija of <swjiela, Arabian dogg (gteyhoundsX hunting nainiaJa (hawks ?), was brought before me. On Uic BUme day seven otiicr eiepliants from Riija Suruj Singh were also brought to me us an ofTeriijg, and were placed in my private stucL Tahayyur libun, after he Itad been in attendance on me for four months, to^y got leave to go. A message was sent to ‘Adil l£J)un. 1 implied on him the profit and loea of friendship and enmity, and made an agreement (ivith Tabayjmr f^han) tJiat aU these words should be ropcatod to ‘Adil Kban. and he should bring him back to the path of loyalty and obedience. At tlic time of hia taking leave I also bestowed on him certain tilings. On the whole, in this short time, what with the gifts bestowed on him by me privately, by the princes, and those given him by the Amirs according to order, the account mounted up to about 100.000 rupees that bo had received. On the 14th the rank and rtwartl of my son Ithnrram were ^ed. His mansab had been one of 12,000 personal and (i,000 hoiae, and that of his brother (Plorwiz) 15,000 personal and 8.000 horse, I ordered his mansab to be made equal with thot of Parwii:, besideH other rawardiL 1 gave him a private elephant of the name of Panehf Gaj,* with accoutrements of the value of 12,000 rupees. On the lOtli an elephant was given to Mahahat Khan. On the iTth the mausAh of RAja fjfiraj Singh, which was 4,000 personal and 3,000 horse, was inereased by 1.000, and it was raised to 5,000, At the request of ‘AhdU’llah Khan the mansob of KllvFaJa ‘Abdn-l-Iapf. wJiich was SOO personal and 200 horee. waa miHcd by 200. and it waa ordered to be 1,000 personal and 400 horse. ^Abdu-Uah, the son of Khan Azam, who was imprisoned in the fort of Rautambhor, waa sent for at the r«iuest of his father. He came to tlis Court, and

• The B.M. Miss. s«w I*, t* fr™ f

to jxintA ‘fiv® el€[]4uuibi/

ELETHAXl S. PHOaKJXJO

289

I took the clmLos off his? le^ mid sont him to kis fotlier a hoci^^ Oh the 24tht KAjii SQmj Singh prcsacnted tnc with another elepbant^ called Fa^ij-cougar (^omaine-nt of the army’), by vrn.y of offering. Although this ia also a good elephant, and hm been placed m my private stmd^ it ia not to be compared ^it.h the iirst elepliant (he sent) which ie one of the wondera of the age^ and is worth SQ.OOO mpces. On the 26th, 200 persona] were added to the nmnsab of Badi’ti-£-.£aiuan, son of Mir^ ^lilhrukh; it was 700 per«ional and 500 boTse. On the aanie day I^waja Zainn-d-dln, who is of the Naqihbandl Kiiwaja^i, came from MawaHi’a-n-nabr and waited on me, bringing as an offering eighteen horses^ Qi]dlb^^ Khan, who waa one of the auxiliaries of the province of Gnjorat, liftd come to Ck^urt without the leave of the governor. 1 ordered that an ahadi iihould put him into coniine- ment, and that he be sent back to the governor of Oujarat, so that others might not desire to do the same. Tlic mansab of Mnlwak KMn Sazaw^al I ralBed 500 pcmonal, so that it should be l^EOD persona] and 700 horoe. On the 29th I gave Oan A’^m 100^000 rupees, and ordered that the parganaha of Paana^ and Kuuma,^^ which are equivalent to 5^000 persona]^ should be made his jagir. At the end of the same month I gave Jeave to Jahangir Quli KbAn, with his brothers and other relatives, to go to Allahabad, which had been appropriated to them as jagir. At this meeting twenty home, a {parm warm) qf Cashmere cloth, tivelve deer, and ten Arabian dogs were given to Koran. Tlie next day, which was the Ist Khurdfid^ forty horse, the next day forty-ono horse, and the third day twenty^ amonntliig. in the f^pace of tlinee days to I0l head, were given as a present to Kuuwur Karam In retnm for the elephant Fauj-sangftrj an elephant worth 10j,000 rupees out of

• Jn Buk&r IkiXhi (Jairctti. ii, ^STju

29 Q \ DBETISJH’s DEATH.

private fitud was preHented tfl Kaja Sftraj Singh* On the 5th of the month ten tur^juns ten coata

(^ahri), and ten wah^t-bnndB were given to Kanm. On the 20th I gave him another eleptiant.

Ln the^ da3’i5 tlie newa-WTiter of Kiighmir liad wtitten i\mt a ^hilla of the Tiame of OadiVf, ft dL^iplined derviHh^ who for forty j^ear^ had lived in one of the moiiaaterie-S of the citjp Iwwi pra^‘ed the in heritors of that inonastery two 3 ’ears^ before he was to deliver over the pledge of IiLs life tliat ho might iielect n comer in that monastery a^ a ptftce for Ida burial. TI 103 ’ said, ** I^et it l>e ho.’’ In shortp he Eieleoted a ploeOp Wlien the tiine for liL^ delivery tame he iafgnned hiH friuiidH and reifttlona and tlioae who were dear to him that an order had rearhed him thatp delivering over the pledge (of life) lie Imd, he should turn towaidfl the Iftftt world. Those who ivere present wondered at Ida words, and said tliftfc the prophets Jiad no atich information, and how cotiid the^- believe siieh words I He said, ^‘Sucli an order hjiH been given to me.** He then turned to erne of Ids confiduiiti^ who was of the sons of the QS^is of the countiyp and said: " You W’lll expend the price ■ of my KoraOr which is worth 700 tankas, in eariyiiig me (to the grave). When yoii hear the call to Friday’^s praj^er you will enquire for me.’" This conversation took place on the ‘ITiiirsdayp and he divided all the goods in his rootii among hin acquaintance and dLsciplcft, and went, and at end of the dft}” bathed at the batlia. The QA^i-xA^rlft aforesaid came Ijeforo the call for pra 3 ’erp and enquired as to the heultk of the Alulla. \lilieii he came to the door of the cell

• Tlw dov iKii hJk tIuLi Ltua ilnrTinli fiirctolil ^~c 4 wii

kvfim hiA death th« of (Until, l>Dk HpporentLy djihanK^Er

tnDiiti# fevr be -ocii to S|4ftb oF lb« time mimtioa^ for hlfi delivery. Se« aIjm} SI, where tb& dend^h \a caUad Ita^^

niwl wbm it is mMed tluilr the whoU i^rfapul&tion of fdllovred

ttua hier.

^ LIe giir^ ilp fo? the Kana cannot h« direcLly MUld.

SUBJECT pOSnyUED. EaJPPt fight.

291

h« fouitd the door clooed «inl n servant sitting there. He naked the slave nhat had Itappened, and the servant said, ‘^Tlie Slulln has enjoined me that until the dooir of tho coll open of its own acijord I uiust not go in.” Shortly after these word* were itaid the door of the cell opened. The Qim-zada entered tlio cell with tliat Hcr-nnt and saw tliat the Mulla was on his knees a-ith his face tumeii toward the qibla, and hod given up liis soul to God. Happy the state of the freed who can fly away from this place of the snares of dependence with ^iieh coj^ct ]

By the of 200 pem>tkdL and 50 horse in the

luiiTu^b of Kamm &en Kathor, I raised it to 1,000 perHoiifd jiiid 300 liorHe, On the 11th of this inojith the offtrinj^ of Laflhkar which consisted of three striuf^ of

Persian canielH and twenty enpa and pktes from Khiti (China) and twyntj Arabian do^, waa broq^hh beforo me. On tho 12th A jewelled dag^r wa-^t bestowed on Ttilmr KhAiij And to Karan I gave a plume worth 2,000

rupees. On the 14th I gave a clresa of honour to Sar-* hiiland 1U3% and gave him leave to go to thm Deccan.

Oil the night of Friday, tho 15th, a strange affair occutro]. By cliance oa that night I was at Ptialikan To be brief, Ki^n, oira brother to Raja Suraj Singh, waa in great perturbation through Gobiod Das, the Vakil of the wild Raja liaHng Home time ago kll!i,d his nephew, a youth of the name of Gopall Dohl The cause of the quarrel it would take too long to tell KL^ian Singh expectcHl that, as Gopal Dtla waa also tin- nephea- of the Raja (SCiraj Singh), the latter would kill Gobind DImu B lit the Raja, on account of the experience and ability of Go bind Dfts, relinquished the idea of seeking revenge for hiJi nephew H death. Wticn Kislian saw this neglect on the part of the Raja, he resolved himself to take

• Tflxt of BaLuid ELiy/belt Jrtrai tbo B-U. SI3a ita^pe&m

tIutTPUttj- bt « miiiCAke for Siu.

292

I’lOHT*

revenge for bis nephew^ and not allow KLh blood to pOHs ft way unnoticed. For a Jong time he kept thi^ matter ill his mind, until on that niglit hu a^embled hm brothera, friends, and flervanta, and told them that he would go tliat night to take Gr^binc} Das’a life, whatever might happen, and that he did not rare what injury might happen to the Itaja. The Ibija was in ignorance of what waa happening, and when it waa near davni Ki^an Came with Karan, hia brother a non, and other OL^mpanions* ^^’^leIl he arrivt’d at gate of the Rajahs dwelling lie Bent some of the experienced men on foot to the house of Gobind IMs-j which wm near the Haja’a He himaelf (Khihan) wm ou horseback, and stationed hiniBelf neap the gate. The men on foot entered Gobind Dfia’a house, and killed some of those w^^ho were there on guard, Wliibt this light was going oa Gobind Daa awoke, and seUing hia sword in a state of bewilderment was coming out from one eide of the house to join the outside watch- men. When the men on foot had finiBhed killing eome of the people, they came out of the teat to endeavour to had out Gobind Doa, and, meeting him, they linished bis affair (killed him). Before the news of the killing of Gobind Dm reached Ki^an, he, unable to bear it any more, dismounted and came inside the dw^elling. Although his men protested in a du^turbed btate that it waa not right to be on foot^ he would in no way listen to them. If he had remained a little longer and the news of bis enemy having been killed had reached him, it is possible that he would have escaped safe and sound, monnted os he was. As the pen of de-siiuy had gone forth after another fashion, aa soon us he alighted and ivent in, the Kaja, who was in hk (female

apartment), aw^oke at the uproar among the people, and stood at the gate of hie house his flwerd drawm

People from all sides W’ere amusetl and came in against the men who w^ere on foot- Tliey saiv what the number

Flaws- PROMO

2n

of men on foot wjyi, and came out in great numbem and faced Ki^an Siti^ha nien, who were about ten in number. In shorty Ki^an Singh niul his uephew Karan, wJien they reached the Rajahs hoiLse, were attacked by these men and both of them killed. Ki^an Singh lind seven and Karaii nine wouncht Altogether in this %ht 06 nien on the two sides were killed, on the Raja’a aide iJO and On Kiidmii SinghWhen the sun rose and illnniined the world with ita light, thin biisineBS was revealed^ and the Raja saw that hia brother, hw nephew^ and some of his servants, whom ho coiwidcred dearer than himsf»lfp were killed, and the whole of the rest h^wl dispersed to their own placefi. The news reached me id Pushkar^ and I ordered them to bnm those who were killed, according to their riteSp and inform me of the true circumstances of the afTair. In the end it beeatnc clear that the affair had happened in the manner in which it has been written here, and tliat no further enqairj’ was necessary.

On the Rth Silitan Jahon came from his native place and waited on me with an offering of 100 muhro. Ray Suraj Singh ivas dismissed to his duty in the I>eetian, I presented him with a eonple of pearl.s for his ears and a special Kashmir shawl (^sarwi rktrin). A pair of pearls were also sent to Kli an JaliAn. On the 25th I increased the mansab of I’tibar by 600 horse, so as to bring

it to OpOOO personal and 2,000 horse. On the same da}* Koran obtained leave to go to his jagir. He received a preftedt of a horse* a special elepliant, a dress of honour, a string of pearb of the value of 50^000 rupees, and a jewelled dagger which had been completed for 2,006 rupees^ From the time of his waiting on me till he obtained leave^ what he hod hod in the shape of cosh, jeweilei}’, jewelSp and jewelled things was of tlie vaino of 200^000 rupees, with 110 hotsesj five elephants, in addition to what my son Tibiirram bestowed on him

2M min ^a^baj? kills bis ron,

ftt various I gave I^ltiMrak KiAia Ra;inw’al u

arid an el«phant> and appointed him to accotnpimy hiiu. I sent aevemJ verbal messages to the RaniL RAja Siiraj Siiigh also obtained leave to go to his mtive coDiitry^ with a promise to return in two montlui. On the 2Tth. Pftyaiida Moghul,* who wm one of the old Atnira

of the State, gave op the deposit of his Life.

At the end of this mootli nows eame that the ruler of Iran had executed his eldest son Safi MirzjL TliLs was a cause of groat bewilderment When I enquired into it they said that at DaraAb * Tvhich m one of the anted cities of (JilAn, he ordered a slave of the luiuie of Bihbud to kill i^afi MirztV, The slave found an Opportunity, early in the morning on the 5th uf Mnharram, in the year 1024 (25th January, 1015). when the MirzA was retunung from the batlw towards his hnnsCp and Imished Ills atlair for him with tw’o vrounds from a sword Alter a gvi^at pert of tlie day

had pajfiscd. wliile hn* body lay between the water and the mild, i^hail^i Baha^u-d-din .Mubaiiunadp wbq was the best known man in the country for learning and hD]ine>$j^, and on whom the Shah had full relioncCp reported the aflairp and, obtaining leave to lift him up, took his corpse and sent it to Ardabfl, where was the burial-gromid of his ancestors. Although much enquiry was made of travellers from IraUp no one would say a w^ord of this rfftair that satisfied my mind with regard to it The killing of a turn must have some poiverful motive in order to do away with tlie di^^graee of it

BTochiiaftEiiD.. ju 3S7. Pag«lLly ho wia the [Mft Auther fltf a traiulAtioii cf BALat^s CcmmeiitAriGtiL

■ Tho rmn* is wrao^. Thm JqUl nimB., p, N4, kw (Rvhd).

vliLch 15 A vrelJ^ltndftrD towo on tbo CimjikjiL.

• Aeeorduag tn the IqbAl’n^lnA iho true reodiof is ta^jnkl [sea jv Bal. Olomriiaj^ wlio gives a full AQCOaot. of the murdtr (p, 352 of EngMnh treiiAlAtioSp ed. BLhhad guvo him tve fttaho with a ^Aina/^e^

whi^h Li a kind of pdniAnL

Qim. A I’XSTIVAL.

2B5

On the iHfc of the tiioiith of T\r 1 jgave an elephant of tho Inline of Riiujlt with ita trappingn to Mirza Huglain a lid another to Sayyid ‘^ Ali BarhiL ,Mlnik Husain, a ticktion of Khwilja was appointed bakbHhi

m\d news-writer of the Subah of Beharp^ aisd took leave ^ r gave Khwiija ^Abdn-l-Latif Qush’hegl (the

falconer) an elephant and a dr^ of honour, a^d dismiastH] him to his JAgii*- “On the 9 th of the ssame month I gUtW a jewelled sword to Khan Dauran, and a jew’elli^d dagger w^jirt Kent for Allahclad, the mii of -falala the Afghnin who ha^i become loyal. On the Bltii took place the meeting for the festival of the J * (roao-water scattering),

and the servanta of the Court amused themselves? with apHnklmg rose-winter over each other* On the 17 th, Amanat Khan was appointcfl to the port uE Cambay* As Hu4[arrab Kb^n proposed in come to Court, the (charge of the) aforesaid port was changed. On tlie same day I sent a jewelled waist-dagger to my son Farwi;^ On the 18th the offering of Khankfijlnaii was kid before me* Ho had prepamJ all kinds of jew*eUery and other things, jewels with jewelled thmgK, such as three rubias and lO’l pearls, lOQ mbic!! (ya-^itj), two jewelled dagg?er8 and an aigrette adorned with rubier and pearleip a jew’elled water-jar, a jew^eUed swond, a quiver bound with velvet, and a diamond rin^, altogether of the value of aluut 100,000 rupees, in addition to jewels and jewelled things, cloth from the Deencan and Carnatic, and all kinds of gilt and phuii tilings, with tiftecn eli’phanta and a horse wdiose mane reached the ground. Ttie olfering of ^Mi-nawaz Kbiiu (his son) also, consulting qf five elephants, SOO pieces of all kinds of cloth, was bttuight before me. On the Bih I honoured Hu^ajig with the title of Ikriliu Kluin. Bfue-afzun, who was one of the princes of the Siibah of Behar^ and who hod

L A PcmwTi feKtitlaJ in mcmasy ci! a rAin which fell 6 b tbe l^th Tir imd put IU 1 CEtd to a [ftmiHA (Bahir-i-^‘ftjunl.

290 HISPU JiAJX. 31 ^SU L . FROMOtlONJt,

been ftx>m his }‘Qtith one o£ the permanent e^rvanta of tbe Court, having been Iionouned by adiui^ion into waa tnnde Baja of the pro%Tiiee of his? fjsitber, Raja Saa^TM.^ Though the latter had been killed in opposing the leaders of the State» I gave him an elephant and leave to go to his nati^^e place. An elephant wa^ presented to JahAngir Qnli On the 24th, Jagat

Singh, aon of Kniiwar Karan, who was in hLs 12th year, came and waited on mep and predated petitioiiB from hifl grandfather^ the Bana Aniar Singh, and from his father. The rigns of nobility and high birth were evident on his face. I pleased him with a dress of honour and kindness. To the o^nsah of Mitza Ifia Tarkhiiti an addition of 200 personal w&m made, w that it attained to 1,200 personal and 300 horse, in the end of the Dionthf ha>“ing honoured Shaikh Ilusaju Roliila with the title of Mubdri^ Khan^ 1 disznisacd him to hia jogir. Ten thoiisand darabe (5,000 rtipees) were given to tJio relatioiis of Mirzii. 5harafu-d-dm llo^in Ka^hghari, who at this time had come and had the honour of kissing the threshold. On the 5th Aniurdadp to the inansab of Raja Xathnial, which was 1,500 periwiml and 1,100 horaep an addition of 500 personal and 100 harm was made. On the 7th Kesko (Daf?i) Miiru, who had a jagir in the Sarkar of Orfssa, and who had been aenfc for to Court on account of a complaint - against the governor of the Subah of that place, tame and paid hw respects. He produced ns an otfering four elephanlis^ As I had a great desire to see my (son) Khan Jahan (Lodi), and for the

purpose of enquiring into important matters connected with the Ilcocan, it H’aw iiecessary for him to come at I sent for him. On Taewda}*, the Sth of the same

’ SangT^ va# Rji of KluulipcLr in Bd^AT,. Alld Wm JeiIImI in bot-Ufl with Jahingl; QnU Khin (Blachmanii^ p. 44®, note}.

• I presuMO iti meuu a emplAint Againit Um

gorernorp and perknpa one nuido bj Ki^[ho^

a OTI KNTEHTA [NlfE 2fT. PEOMOII Om -

S97

Qionthj, he wait^Kl on me, And presented os an offering 1,000 iniihrs, 1,000 rnpeea, 4 tnibies, 20 pearls, I emerald, and a jewelled phiil kiitara^ the total value being 50^000 rupees. On the night of Sunday, in* it was the anniverfiar^i^ of the gi^at Kb^‘aja (^[n^inu-d-dlu), I w’ent to his revered rnaa^kuiii, and remained there till midnights The attendants and Sntis exliibited ecstatic states, and I gave the fakirs and attendants money with my own iuind ; altogether there were expended 6,000 rupees in cai^h, too (a robe down to the ankles),

70 rosaries of pearis,^ coral and amber, etc. Maha Singh, grandson of Raja Man Singli, was liononred with the title of Raja^ and a standard and dnniis given him. Op the 16th an Iraf| horse out of my private stable and another horse w’ere presented to Mahabat Khan. On the 19th an clcpiiant wm given to Kinin AJmuir On the 20thr 300 horse were added to the ruanaab oE Ke^o (DAs) MAnl, which wnos 2,000 personal and 1 ,000 horse, and he was diguihed with a dress oE honour. An increase oE 200 personal and horse was made to the mansab of Khwaja ‘Aqil, wdiich was 1,200 personal and 000 horse. On the 22iid, Mirza Raja Bh&o Singh took leave to go to Amber, which was his ancient native place, and Irad given him a special Kashmir juAtljfj (?) robe,* On the 2Stli, Abmod Beg KhaUj who W’a« iiapriBoncd at Eantambhor, paid his respects to me, and his offences were pardoned on ocf^ount of his former services. On the 2ftth, MnqarnLb KhAn came from the Suliah of Gnjamt and waited on me, and otfered an aigrette and a jewelled tlLrone* An incroosc of 500 personal and horse was nnide to the mansah of SaJaznu-lIah, the Arab, and it was breught to 2,000 personal and 14 “00 horse. On the 1st of the month of ghahriw^ar the following increoaes wmne made

I am cmittAd \u tba

^ It Nw mi.

• a ^t^eC T Xo. ISI Km a iJsJ^L

29S

PROMOTIOXa. 4N l>‘TEETAlNitEj,T.

in the mnk of a number of men who were going on i^et^‘iqe to the Deciaiij:—To 3[ubuH^ ILhftn 300 hn™>T nkuking IpOOO per^nnl flikl horae. Nnhir KliAii wjm iiLso raised to 1,000 personal and horse. DLIawjir “^nn was raised by 300 horse to 3^500 personal and horse. Maiigli Khai/s rank was increASed by ^00 horse to 1,500 personal and 1,000 horse. Gird harp the son of Kay Ski, had the rank of 800 personal and horse bestowed on hiiUp and 11F ^an Qiyani Klian the same manHah, original and inerea.se. YAdgar llnsam was raised to 700 pcrwjiial and oOO horse, and KarnlUn^d-dmp son of ghir Elikn, to the same manmik One hundred and tifty hot^se were added to the rank of Sa^yid ‘Abdu-lLah BArha, which then eamo to i 00 personal and 300 horso^ original and uicreaHe. On the 8th of the said month I bestowed one NCir- jahilni mnhrp which is l^juoI to 6,400 nipees^ on ItuApifa Bcgp the ambassador of the ruler of Iran, and pre^nted hve cheetahs to Qasiin O^an, governor of Bengal Muriid, eldest mn of Mirza Hustain, on the 12th of the same month was honoured with tho title of IltifAt IQiam (hi the night of the I6th, coiTCsponding with the Shab^U ixirdt {consecrated to the memory of forefathers), 1 ordered them to light bmps on the hills round the Ana Sagar tank and on its hanks, and went myself to look at tlieiiL The reflection of the lamps fell on the water and hiid a wonderful appearance. I passed tiie most of that night with the ladies of the mahall on the batik of that tank.

On the 17thp 3i)lrzH Janialu-dHlln Husain/ who had gone as an anibassadot to Bijapur, canie and waited on me> and presented three rings, the stone of one of which was a oomelian from Yemen, of great heauty and pureness of Water, the like of which is seldom seen among the cornelians of l.enien+ Adil fSlhilji sent a person of the name of Sayyid Ivabir KhAn on his own part “with the said

. * Sir Tbanuu j

eOLAB WEIGHMENT* PROMOnOXfl.

Mlfp anil forwarded aa offerings elephant.^ gold and silver fitting, Arab horses, jewels and jewelled things, and all kinds of cloth made in that coniitiy. On the 24th of this month they were brought before iiic with a letter he had brought. On the same day the a’^embly for iny solar weighing was held. On the 2Gth, ^Instiifa. Beg, the aiikbiissadorp took his leave. In addition to what had been bestowed on him during the time of his attendance, 1 gave him 20,000 rnpeea more in cash and a divm of honour, and in anaw’cr to the letter he had brought sent a friendly letter written In the perfection of friendship. On the 4th of the month of Slilir the UMinsah of Mir Janialn-d-diii Jinsain, which was 2,0(M) personal and 500 horse, w as fixed at 4,000 personal and 2,000 horse. On the 5th, Mahabat ^Q?an, in company with IQian JahAn, who had been appointed to serve in the Deccan^ at the hour that had been appointed for him^ took hiH leave \ be w^a.-^ honoured with a dress of honour, a jewelled dagger, a phQ^l a special sw’ord, and an elephant.

On the 8th, KbAn JahAn tix>k liis leave, and I presented him w’ith a dress of honour, and a special wddirC (a dress), and an ambling horse wdth a saddle^ a special elephant, and a special sw^ord. On the same date 1,T00 horse of those under the command of ifababat Khan were ordered to have assignments for two or three horses

given them. The whole of the men who were at tliis time appointed for service ia the Deccan were 330 iiiansabdarH, 3.000 ahadis, 700 heree from the Pymaqa, and 3,000 Dala/jik Afghans. Altogether there were 30,000 * cavalry, and 3,000.000 rupees of treasure, and an eflicient artillery, and war eJephanta They proceeded on this duty. Tlie inansab of Sarbuland Kiiy was iucreastd by 500 personal and 2€0 hor?w?> and came to 2.000 personal and 1,500 hurw, BaljO, nephevr of QilJj SJban. was

’ T^xt wfonglj ham 3 InFteibii of 30-

300

J’HOStOXIONS. peucas affaihs.

pn>nioted to the lumiisab of 1,000 personal laiid 700 horse, oti;^nal and increatie. I aliw increased Riyn Kigali Diib’h nionsab by 500. At the request of Kliin Jahun, the iiiansab of ghahb&s Khan Lodi, who belonged to the Deccan force, woa fixed, original and increase, at 3,000 personal and 1,000 horse; and 200 horse were added to the manaab of Waair Kbnii. The iimnsah of Suhrilh Klian, SOD of Rustam, was fixed at 1,000 personal

and 400 horse, original and increase. On the 14th of the same mouth 1,000 was added to the mansab of Mir Jamal u-d-din l lusatii, and by increasing it also bj’ 500 home he waa raised to the exalted rank of 5,000 personal and 2,500 horse. On the 10th, Kaja SGraj Singh, with his aon Singh, who tmd gone home, came and paid their respects, and pre.sented as Dfferiiigs 100 muhrs and 1,000 rupees. I gave Sa^-yid Kabir, who liad been sent by ‘Adil Khan, one NGrjahani muhr, which weighed 500 til/e5ii. Oil the 23id, ninety clcphanta of those which Qjlsiiu Khan had acqnirv!d from the conquest of the country of KGch (Behar), and the conquest of the Maghs and the oamindars of Orissa, W’ere brought before tnc and placed in the special elephant hou.ses. On the SOth. Iradnt Khan was raised to the rank of Mir-samani (head butter), Ma’taiiiod Khiin to that of Bakhsbi of the Aliadia, Muhammad Kiza jAbiri to that of Baklishi of the Subah of the Panjab and news-writer of that place. Sayyid Kabir, who had come on the part of ‘Adil Khan to lieg pardon for the oHences of the rulers (cfunya-<fdnin) of tho Deccan, and to proioise the restoration of the fort of Alimadnagar and the royal territory which had been taken out of the possession of the chiefs of the rictorious State through the rebellion of certaio rebels, caniB and waited on me, and obtained leave to go on this date; and, haring received a dress of honour, an elephant, and a hor^, atartod off. As Raja Raj Singh Katlihwaha had died in tlio Deccan, ] promoted his son H&iii Das

PROMOTIONS. DEATH OF THIN Oafj. 301

to the mnnsab of 1,000 pcTscmjJ anti 400 horse. On the 4th of Allan, drnina were given to Ssif Khan Barhn ftiid his inansab increased by 300 horse, so os to bring it up to 3,000 petsonal anti 2,000 horse. On the fuuno <!ate I released Kaja ^fiui, tvho was in couhneinent in the fort, of Gwalior, on the security of Murta^A lib^, and, confiniiing Ms innnsih, sent him to the said ^tUi for duty at the fort of K&iigro. At tlie retiuest of Shan Dauriiii, an increase of 300 horse wa.s ordereci to the iiiaiLsab of KliAn. raising it to 1,000 personal and

home. Minai ‘i«i Tarj^an came from the province of Saiiibbal, which was his jagir, and waited on me, and offered 100 iniilirs. On the 16th, Bajn Suriij Singh obtained leave to gu to his duty in the Deccan, and 1 increased his maiisab by 300 horse, so as to make it 5,000 personal and 3,300 horse; he received a dress of honour and a horse, and started. On the iSth I contirnied the nuinsah of MirEa’isH. original and increase, at 1,500 personal and 800 hoise, and gave him an elephant and a dress of honour, and he took leave to go to the Deccan.

On the same day the news of the death of the wretch Chin Qilij wa^ received by a letter from Jahangir Qull Khan. After the death of Qilij Sijan, who was one of the old servants of this State, I had made this in- amspicions man an Amir, and shown him great favour, and given him in jagir such a place as Jannpnr. I also sent his other brotliers and relations with him and mode them his deputies. He had one brother of the name of Lahori.’ of a very wicked disposition. It w-as reported to me that the servants of God <people) were greatly oppressed by his conduct I sent an ahadi to bring him (Ijihoii) from Jaanpur. At the coming of the ahadi, snspicion without any cause prevailed over Chin Qilij, and it came into his mind to ran away, taking

■ Afi^iAreDtl}’ becAow bom in Labne (see BtochnuBii, p. 200^

ACCOUNT OF CHfji QXLTJ.

ao2

his niiagttided brother mth him. Leading: hb mansab^ libs govemmont , pliicc. add jftgir, property, childred,

and people, he took a little tiionej” and golcl and a few jcwel>i and went v^ith a ApnaU body iiinodg the Jifliaindara, ThiiJ tiQ-Wfi arrived a few da3’>4 ago and canned great aAtQQtHhment. In short, to whatever zairiindar he went he took moneys from him(?) and then let hihi go{!), until uewH came that he had entered the country’ o£ Johat® When this news renelied Jaliangir Qnli Khan, he iwiit some of his men to take and bring that thoiightleiw one» Tliej’’ took him aw Roon as thej” arrived, and were intending to take him to .lahangir Quii Khan, when lie at that very moment wont to helL Some of those wlio liad uceoinpauied hltu said that for some da^^ previously he had oontmeted an illness and it liad killed him. But this was heard of him os wcU^ that he eoinmitted suicide, in order tliat thc^* might not take him to Jahangir Quil Khan in this state. In an}’ case* they brought hia body ivith hLs children and serA-anta As^ho w^ene wdth him to Allalinbod. Tliey made away wHth most of the uioney tliat he had, and the zamindnrs took it from him. Alas, that salt (Le. loyalty) nhould not liave brought such black-faced WTctehcs to condign punishment!

BehiiKi duty tliai Qci JiU people is thrc dat^y U» Lho

• Accisolitig lo LO^ US. mi Eominilzu- took aOOid inOnnj from

iCtJu QilJj juid wat him odt of his [Uid ttiii «eottw to ha tfaa

prohoblfl nwanihg. Tor Vie nre toM latfr aq ihqt the wamdimi plundcrvd ChJrt QflJJ.

• Tirhut, TLA.S^ MS. kv It chjuiccd ttuit ilm uumqd&r of this

{■luce wu n’ith JqhMigir Quh, and the Latter oent liim unth oome peo^ale to Chin QiUj.” i.O^ MS. 1ui5 Ibo name, and thiij- mxma i:eiTeet, The test hxuc It chaqcvd that the l;«oiltr1qr of that place Vras spending etrtne in tliAt ndgkltotirheod |¥)." Ft>Tllap« a Osgath^e been

oniittofL befart * sjienditag.* J,0. MS, HMfnfl to htkve TobiHiat u the

ItJMEie of tbs Kamindor’s

■ Apparmtl^ thq 'm>e is quoted irith rcfepenn: to XcdlA^glr Quirs ifailure to exact retrihdtieq froan the zomindju-TL There is oa account af Cblq QUlj In tho Ma’oJFirp Lih 3A].

pEOMOTroys liXD

• On tht? 22nd, at the request of Kb^n Daunin, 200 horsw werti added to the manmh of Nad ‘AH Maidaltiip one □£ the officen* appointid to Bau^^j which brought it to 1,500 personal and 1,000 horse ; 100 horse

were also luldod to the nianftnb of Ijv^kar tSliau, wdkieh was 2,000 personal and 900 horse. On the 24t}i I oonhruied the Tnan.^b of Min|arrab Klmn. w^hich waa 3.000 personal and 2,000 horse, and iocmised it to 5,000 personal and 2,500 hoiSe. On the Sfiiiie day I besitowe<l the title of Khan on Qlyanip son of ^iih ^^InJinnimad Qandahilrip who w^aa an Amir-zadap and was in sendee as a liuntsmmi. On the 5th of the niDntli of Amr a jewelled dagger was {given to Datnb Khan, and hy the hand of Baja Sarong Deo dresses of honour were bc?stow"ed on the Aiiiirs of the Deccan. Ah »odic (evil) things had been heard about ^fdur Khan, governor of Kashmir, I dismissed him from the governmentp and favouring Ahmad Beg KliiiiJ ou account of Ids previous services, I promotefl him to lx- Suljadar of Kashmir^ and conhrmed his niammb u£ 2,500 personal and 1,500 horse, honcpured him with a jewrelled wmst-dagger and a dreos of houcrnTj and giive him leave. By the liAnd of Ihtiuianfi Khjtn I sent wnnter dresses of honour to Qasini Khiln^ govcnior of Bengal, and the Amirs that were attached to that province. On the 15th of the month there won laid Jjtfore me the oflfering of Makal, son of IftiklUir J KJaAiip conHiating of an elephant, ^ horses, and pieces j of cloth. He wm honoured with the title of Muruw-w’at KhiiiiL At the Tei]nest of J’tiznildn-fl-daiila, I had sent for l)a 3 ‘anat KJ>rinp who was in the fort of CwalioTp and he had the good fortune to pay his respects ^ his property, w hich had l>een conhscati’d, restore^! to him.

At thisii time Khw’aja Ha^inip of DaKbld, w’ho at this day vjgoronslj’ maintains in Trunsoxiana the profession

^ & brfcd of Amatl horses <h:

304 VERSES KlxVG BlhAR ANU JAHA>GTR.

of a derviEib, mid in whom the people of that country have great belief^ sent a letter hy the hand of one of hb disciples pointing out his old devotion (to the royal family) and connection and friendship of his ancestors with this iJlustrions familyp together with a fatyi^ and a bow and a couplet which the late king Babar liad made for a Baidt q£ the name of Khwitjaglp who also belonged to that sect of dervishes, Tlie lost hemistich is as £ol]o%vs:—

irt hcHiTui to th* Khw&jH^ ojid (w to tlie

I also with Illy own pen wrote soma lines in the style of that writing, and sent impromptu riiiatrains with 1^000 Jahtngiri niuhrs to the said 3£hwftja—

** O iheti whose kindnees to mo & trvEr mmifl and mo^t The hast cf theev O Dvn^afap

A^^ fmm good tMiugn our heart is rejeacedp ‘W’e are glad Lhat thy kindness paeftea all iHHiFulg.^

As T ordered that whoever had the poetic temperament Khould recite (compose ?) this qaatmin/ Ilaklm Maslhu-?– saidp and said very well—

** AJthcugb we have the bmeineftli of kingfibip beiore Ev«ry mo^iuidiE mare and mjore wn think nn the djeninb^

If the heart of cur Dnrvi^h ba gladdened by ujp W d cdunt thAt tc hd tbd pndflt of odr kingship.**

I gave the ^akim 1,000 muhrs for the composition of tins qnainijm On the 7th of the month of Day, when I was coming back from Pushkar and retaming to Ajmirp on the way forty-two wild pigs were taken.

On the 20thp Mir Miran came and waited on me, A so mma ry of his circumstances and of his fatnOy is

• A/dO’i i* ■ H»t lAdo BlocbmuiB, p, 8P),

■ Test Id * Ibiff qtsdtrfcinp^ which docs Mem to mdJee eenae.

PerhAfM Id hera «ih^Id bo d|ris-F-FiiAd ’ thd rnlefl nr the cusiam of m. qnAtrwin.’ Binularlyi I» kirdhof fir* linca dawn mmy be d^n-uH^dSnip the rulea of writing.^

AfCOtfST OF KlfAril,U-LLAtt.

now writtftii. On the side of hm father’ he w the fjrandflon of Mir GliiyAsu-d-diti llutjamnwul Mir Jlioiii, son of Shfili Ni’inatu-Ilaii WaU. During the rei^ia of the Safawi kin^oi the faiiidy hiul attaineil rcspeet,

MO that KhAh Tahinflap gave his own aiater daidah^ Kiiitohu Uj Xi’tnatii-llah, and so on uccomuI of Ids being

a gTttit Sliiiikh And of his being an instructor Jic was made a relative and a son-in-law (of ktiiga). On the siiJc of his moth<T he was the thiughter’a son of 82iah lama’ll Khfmi (Iwiiia’il H, the Bloody^ After the dtsith of Shall Ni’matn-lliih. his non OhiyAaii-d-tljn Mnlitimniad Mir MiriUt received great consideration, and the late Shah (Xahmosp) gave to his eldest son in nmrringo a daughter from the njyaJ futuily. He gave the daughbT of the ahove-mentioiied Shah tsniu’il to another son of his. Klialilu-llali, to whoui Mir MirAn was horn. The afori’Miiid Afir f^.halllu-llahi si’ven or eiglit yearn before this, had come from Peniiii and waited on me at I.(ahorth. As he belonged to u high and saintly family, I wua much iutereate<l in Ids aftai», uiid gave him a niansab and a jagir, and honoured luid cherished him. After the seat of government waa at Agra, in a short time he iv«a attacked by biliooa* diarrhrea from eating too many mangoes, and in ten or twelve days gave up his soul to the Creator. I was grievtal at his going, and ordered what he had left in cash and jewefn to be sent to his childnm in PensJn. .Meanwhile Mir Mirtto, who was 22 yeara old, Ijecame a t^alandar and dervish, and came to me at Ajmir in n way that nobody on the road couM recogniise him, I soothed all the trouhlf-s of hU mind and tho inimiriea of his inward and otitwnn] eonditioii,

’ Ilui fatligr Wan Khslflu-Ltnh, prevknuly mtintiotied ia the T^ui, nail a-ho harJ tolely ilicd (h|t«l-nAiiui, |h M, and Tocak. {ifi. 09 uHt HO), Tnliliiviii RBTB Ni’UBLii-IWi ilau^bter in toarniign to hu own mn Lnnn^t

° l^iAai-h Niimin in Mn’‘isir, iii, !t3U.

SO

I

WKHmiX^ OF SiLtH JAIIAX.

ikiv] him a tiuniiaab of 1,000 ppreooal anil 400 horm^ mid prraetit<Kl him 30,000 damba m cc^hIi. He m

now in walling and attewdaneo on me-

0;i tlii^ Itiiu ^vfrtr lOinii, who had been reiJioviKl from the Suhah of Bidiar, came and waittNj on me, and maiie an offering of lOQ iniihrH, nsti well an three elephants On the t5th of Day [ incR’aai’d the niatiBab of Qaalm Jtlwn, the Snliahdar of Bengal, by 1,000 perHonal and art to make it 4,000 ijersonal and horse. {Ah ► diwan and bikltiihi of Bengal, Husain Bog and TiUiir,

rC/’^ Inid not done approved service, ^liikhlis Khan, who

• Wiitt one of the confidcutml servants of tlie Court, W’us

t ’ nominated to these dutiet^ 1 confcri-ed on him a inanKab of “2,000 piirsonal and 700 hoi’se, and alao gave hina

^ a stAiidardJ Tiie duty of ^nrr-miii?c]cn*ir (nsviflcr of

petitionn) f ordered to bo given tn Dayiinat Minn. On the 25th, Fridjiy, tlio weighing of my son IGiurram took pl 4 ice. Up to the present year, when he is 24 yeani old, iiml ia married atid ehiidren, iie has never defiled hiiiiHoif with drinking wine. On this day, wdieu the

assembly for his W’oighing was held, I said to him:

Baba, tilou hast Ijccome the father of children, and kings and kings* adns have drunk wine. To-day, which is

the day of thy being weighed, I will give thee wine

to drink, and give thee leave to drink it on feast rlays ^ \ and at the time of the New Year, and at all great

foativairt. But thou miist oliserve th e j^with of moderatioji , for wise luen do noT eoiiaider it right to drink to siieh mi’citeiit as to destroy the underatanding, and it is necds^y that rrom drinking only profit should be derived/’ Bn ^Ali (Avicenna)^ wlio is one of the moat [earned of hakiais and phyaieiami, has imtten tliis quatrain—

Winn ia h fluamj, m pnidiant frieinl i

little U Vi uitMlataT much a Huako’ji {kolioti, mueh tiicn is no HilJa lElJttry, linJe thcra ul moch

I

Wiiw

I A

I 1 In mi I U a

JAHAXGia’s DHIXKTSG HAHJTza.

307

ill I much iroublo wiii+! wiia g^A’ep to him. I Imd dot drunk it till I wakS 15^ old, ext?ept in thu

tluu; tvTQ or _^pes jny jnother jind

wet-nursiV* \t by way of tufm jtiio rui oedy. Tht^y

»«kiiil far a little spirit fi-om my revered father* and gave it me to the e:!:teiit of jIt tola rtilxecJ with water iitnl raseter to take away a cough, desi^fniiting it aa incdiciue. At the time when the camp of my revored fatlier had been pikhcd in oHcr to put dow^ii the diHturlwmcte of YOatifza’e Afghans at the fort of Attock. TiYhieh m on the bank of the Nllab (Indus) Rtver, one Hay I hod iiiounted to go out to hunt. VVlien I had nmved about a good deal and the mgns of weanncKa litid set in, a gunner of the name of [Jsitad 8hjlh-|ulh a woiiderfuJ gunner out of thaete under my revered uiicle Mil’ll Muhammad Hakim, said to me that if I would take a cup of wine it would drive away the feebng it being tired and heavy. It waa in the time of my youth, 4uul as I felt disposed towardH it 1 ordered SlaliiiiOd, the AbnJar (peiT§on in eliargo of drinking w’ater, etc,), to go to the house of If akliu ‘All and bring me an lnb->xicatiug draught. He flout me* the amount of one and a half enpfl of yellow wine of a a went taato in a h’ttle bottle, f dr^nk

^ Tit> LQ. A tSH. nad lhtr^»?T4-40 fg. have m \ntiUxd erf EIHot to my laartGiyub ** ymPr Jahici^ wan Wn in KabP, 077, or a I fib Angujii, lijee, nnd tlw Ijeginnin^ irint^-driukiDg lo irhicli ho refer muAt have tmlcca pluciu nt hjIiesI: la tell^ lu

ttiiit. it after ilio deatli of MuhAmmoii nakim, uhI at. fJje hm father wna at Atiaet. Xow AJeW %my^ thorn on J^Ui ^hiliarmm, ftrwmlio^ to Nigumtid-iJin, and on nitb llaj, -eui* to

At«l4-fa#u iii. ^76^ a.e, aboot tha md of Decvmbor* ir^f, and tliat ttlfVa 4ah^}t1r Wsw 17 years and 4 mooUw of bjp&j. or m hb IfltJi year, ffo i^eHatinue*! todPiOk hoavily for niiw yearn. i,o. till ho wa* 30 (17 + ^), then ho anjodcratcfl for wvan i«. till ho wm and he kept Eo

t^uU fur hftoon yiforw maro^ L ol till ha was 4a, Tbeao yean worn ^ nar yaars, 4 q4 hi Eelb that at Lho timo of wTaliaj^ hta was 47 yoan mad U monthfi Bcoqniing ta tlie Wmr COJeo^hir. It detinu to fotlcw that the MSS. iiro right, mid that wo ahnuld rwl IS.

• Elliotp vi| 34 f.

SUBJECT COMTiyUEU.

;}08

it, iiml found itw quality AfU-i Uiat I took

to drinking wine, and inisreiised it from day to dny until wirn; iiuuie from gtnpi.iH caiifitAl to intoxicate me, Aud 1 took to drinking Armtk (‘arruy, spirite), and by degre<-H duriiig nine yen™ iny potions raw to twenty caps of doiibJy distilled «pirit», fourteen during tlie daytime and the reuiAtndor at night. The weight of this was sis IfiiuliihUjiiil Him or quo and a half inaundB of Iran- The i-xtcnt of my eating ill those Jays was a fowl ’ with broad and vogvtaWea (lit. nulish),* In that state of uiAttt‘rs lio one hod thfl power to forbid me, ami niatteni went to such a kngtii that in the crapulons state from the esijttsaive treadiliiig of my hand I could not drink from my own cup. but others had to give it me to drink, until 1 sent for Hakim Humam, brother of Hakim Abu-J-fath, who was uf the most intimate with my revered father, and informed him of my state. He, with excessive mneerity and unfeigruid burning of heart, said te me williont liesitation, ’ fjord of the world, hy the wav in which you drink spirits, God forbid it, but in six months niatters will come to such a pass that there will bo no I’eijiwly for it." As his words were sjild out nf pure good-will, and .sweet life was dear to mo, they made jiu iiiupreiMiou on me, and fruiii tiiat day 1 began to letsen my Allowance and .set myself to take In

‘ The ixa bo, MSU. h»vo, not ntw^ or lint rnijUarJ or

m ■tiujttwi/ uii1«ih itnWd thn wwrl be ^broakfuft.’

BrX tlko WEHd hi iit^arl, m boAturd, Itcui the r^feronoA iic U? tba

memorfthlp wben hjLi drtft tlPEhuk wint. Hut f’MIti thnt be ?i&yv« wu a bUBlATCl witb br^l bUhI 4 ndlsb

• Bbkctimmktu /fnvjtffc imu Urc

• The wffnl * ual in urdmijy iliclienAn#^ but it

Sa evplAinvl in NapfikiiMnJtr It in sEAled lbpe tbt it in

A jwdutivB tkCittuny’r tluiit ih$ wDid ifl tlBfiifBd fram tbo Cprwk, boin^ wbidi in lIm tum^ oi *u Bthtidot® or dm^ biv&Tited by

*d Tit raiiM. Tbfirfl ie an aoenunt td PI’iJJno Awi * r^feHiMO to hia Ilru^ ia amtthri UictioMiy- Phikn liv»l Id m boTarD Um fittfH

ccDtnry atler Clirtit, aivdl in relerrad to by (ilan umJ oLhcTA, Tbe wfwd lu given tbeiiB i Wo un Bot Inbl what it urne idodAGf,.. la

rSCrSJFJCT ttJKTtPCLKD.

-1TO

ppriportiOH I diniLaL^hed iny liquor, I lutreA.^^ tlie jftinoiint of fill! nJ 3 ‘a.

1 hIho onJcrijd that tlu^ Arrack riliould bo dilated with with^ of the g’nipc no thAi there iihoaJd l>e two [iiirbi wine Aivd uiie part iirniek. Kver^’^ day 1 diiiilaiahed tlie qaantii^^ 1 took, and in the coufi^e nf seven yeara I brought it down to ^ix euga The weight of _ eacli cupful WflH 18| miftqahii_ Jt ih nowjiftceii iJiat

] have drank nt tliin nito, ncstlier more nor less. And my diinkin^^ time In the night except on the day of Thurociny’n^ ha it in the day of the hlessed ncci.^iDn. Also on the eve ^ of Friday* ■which the inoAt blsytsed eve of the week* and Ls the prelude to a hli^H^Nd day (I do not driiikX f drink at the end of each da^’ with these two* exceptions^ for it does not appear right that this eve (Thnrsjhij’ niglit) whouhl btr apent in neglect, ami that there should toi iin oinissian (on Friday) of returning thonkH to the True Bonefactor, On the day of and on the day of Sunday I do not eat

Jntuinipr, mUmirl Elrnn iw Kriauriei-K if iltweribeicl tiy

Jfthanglr PS Mtp to iiiyiiif, i.t, tfvwifeca Price, ji, Tifpift

fir bt iviL|^ipa(i«<ii to [» a tJrii*elE wfird (mmt ho-no)^ ftnd dhoiui.s im

uitidijte n^Eiist padsan, etc. Il In ao iummI in llie VAnw frcun AiHI^LZcnnit f[i44aifl l:»y i1ii4iifig1r te hU S5iiiih Julifla, ike mtwlirloli, k, v, T^rwit.

But it is aKso ojtpn lUHed sppor^tly tu n syEtAnym tor- o|]itiEii- Tti«

ini^ing df wing #itli Hpirlts wms inteiMlcd to dilute iho potd’LiDo, (or hilh^^rto diMugtr luifl llMitl tnkiiti;: rmw *|iEriL A b naJd to lit?

O^iuH troy, And ^ wouliJ be eliout itounceftt and Iho eix

leuuld be nbmit J^lb. U^jy. In EI1 {<dI, dahnnjglr ie tniiHe to hit iJsat he diMrt not flrink on ii.ekI Fridnyfi. Bat the

OM BLncliinjuin Iul^i |ioioled ixuL eiHowhere^, Aytn tmi|i1|itiui!ii fh, 171, X, means Thumdajjr nLjj’ht nr Frklay irte* and Ebl*^ m elidvly the ease 1here« fcT Jahia^r ipCiik^ fd the being followed by a bEE»H?[l day.

it mhi’vtikl fw tinted that tbeit? b tm connection in Jahangir a mi^

lietwijen aliNtJuning from wine and abAtJiialikg frotn He did nnl

eat meat on Thontday^ or ^nmlars liecanae ho iLid nat-epjirovo of taking life on thoMi da^ Iri^l He limnk nfi. bnlH of IhoviL

• Cf. Blochmanii’s tmiwliubn awi CJfirwfrrt Brrvrfc for IBlWr

• 1 unrlnratiuid tlie twn exeDpttoaifl (f/d (Alil tA fie tbut om TfiuTsdayn he drank in the daytimOk contmr^’ ta tbo ^nend rule of only dfinking nt nigfiti and iIjaI inm Tluin^ilay eifi^ninga }k did mit drink.

310

A Pf OINTMENTS.

dicaL JCot oil ThurBdfl 3 ^ btKjaoefe it m the (Jay of iny adspiciodH accciiflioii, mcI not on Suiidaj^ l>QcaiiiHc it is tJj« birthday of rny rcveml father^ and lie greatly honoured <uid held dear the day* After some time 1 substituted opiurij^ for filuaiya. Now tliat niy ago has arriviKl at 4G solar years and 4. months^ I eui eight surklis (a rttd berry used as a weight) of opinm wlieii tive gharis of <]ay have pasaed, and six surkhs after one watch of night,

1 gave a jewelled dagger to ‘Abdu-llah KhAn by the hand of Maqfud ‘Ali. ^^laikh Mfisiip a relation of Qi^im Khan, w’as digniHed ivith the title o£ Jiba^^ ^^i^d pro¬ moted to the mansiib of SOO personal and 400 horse, and was allowed to. go to BeiiguL The mansah of %ifar Khan was increased to 500 personal and horse, aiiii he was appoiiitcal to doty in Bangash. On the same day ^Mulmmniad IluHain^ brother of Xhw’aja Jahaz], t^viis given the faujdarship of tJie Stirkar of Hiss^ and dw^ missed, his uiaiisab being increased b}’ 2U0 horse to raise it to 500 pemunal and 400 home, with the gift of an elephant. On the 5th Bahnian an elephant was conferred on Mir irirnn, Wlien the menchant ‘Abdii-l-Karim left Iran for Hindustan, niy exalted brother *^hah ‘Ablins sent iiiG by h is Imnd a rosarj’’ of cornelian from \enieii and a cup of Venetian workinan.sldp. which was veiy title and nme. On the 9tb of tho rjujic month they were Laid before me. On the l^th some oHerings of many kinds of Jewelled urtLAiuents^ etc., whidi SuMn Parwi^ had sent to me^ were laid before me. On the 7th Isfan- darmuz, ^ladiip nephew of iTimildn^-daulah, wdio waa permanently employed as Eakhsliiip tvos lamoured with the title of Khan. I harJ iilso couferreiJ this title on Kfewaja ‘Ahdu-1 According to what iivas right,

1 adled him the title of *Alhin-l-‘Azm KLiAn and ^dii:^ bir that of Khan. On the lOth, Jagat

Singhs, son of Kqjiwar Kanin, who luid obtained leave

OOOW SKWsS,

ail

id go to liifl mtivic ciDuntf>% wbcm he took IsMive was prfssfiittjH with 20,000 a bomup an i-lephant, a

dreHs of honouri aiid ii special shawl. Five thoiuwLhd rupees, a home, and a di-ess of honour weit* also given tti HarhiiLs Jliulu^ wdio w^aiis one uf the coiiHdante of the Kami nml tutor to Kamn’t* myn. By his hand I also bent a niHoe of gtilti (filtiirffjyari} for the Rilnil.

Oil the 20th of the Rame month. Raja Siimj Singh, mn of Rfija Baao, w ho on account of the iieamcMi of hb dwelling-place to it had been mnt with lUian

to capture the fort of Kiingm, came on ni}’^ fsumiaona and waited on nie. The aforesaid Rliiwi had entertained certain imsplcions with regard to him, and on this account* considering him an undesirable winpanion. had rcix-Atedly sent jietitions to the Court, and w^te thlngn about him until an ortlcr w&a received to sunimon him.

Qii the 2fith, Ni^mu-d-din ^an came from Multan and waited on roe, Li the end of this year news of victory and proaperity came in from all kidea of my dominion-s. In the firet place, this was with regard to the disturbance of Abdaid, the Afghan, who for a Jong lime paRt had been in rebellion in the lull country of Kabul, and round whom marij’ of the Afgliana of tlmt neighbourhood had aasenihltd, and against wjiom from the time of ni5’^ revered father until now, wtiich is the lOfcU year after my acce^ion. armies have alwn}^^ bt^en employ«h He by degrees was defcfated^ and, falling into a wreteiKKi state, a pjirt of his band was dispersed and a part- killed. He took w.^fuge for some time in Cliarkh^ which was a placo on which he reliofl, but I£hniii Daumn Fnrrounded it and closed the road for entry JUid exit. When then? remained no grawf for’his k-aatfl nr iiit*iut of living for men in the fortre^, he at night brought down liif animals from tho hills and graced them on the skirts, sind accompanied them himself, iti order that he might met an example to his men. At last this

DKt’HAT OF AhOHA^m-

31 ^

Intelreached TUiaii i;Mur^]. He thm appaiiitcd a lujdy cf \ih (ciulerji tu\A experienced men to gij iiito uuihuHh nil an appointed iiigM in tlio nei^bbourhuod of Charl^i. That Ijaiid went and hid ituclf at lugbt in ptiicu» of refugxn and K.b^i [huirTni rode on tlic watne day ill that diiectioii. Wlu-n tlione ill-fattfd om?ii lirt>n^ht out their cattle and let them loof^s to gra^c^ aiid the ni-conditroned Ahdad hiraHclf piased by the places of ainhuah with hm own liaiid, Buddciily a dtist ruae in front of him. Wlien they ctn|tii™i it beemiie known that it wan Khan Daumii. In a wtate of bewildcrtiwid he endeavonred to turn back, and the SDiubi annoiinct.’d to the aforcwiiid lOiiiiii that it was A^dfid. The KJ->hJi gav^ his liORMJ the reltia and went at Alnlad ; the men who were iu amhtiah also block ».hJ the rtiud and attacked him. Tiic tight luatetl till midi lay in eonseqnenee of the broken nattiix^ of thi- ground and ihe thickof the jungle I at last defciit fell on the- AfghanH and they l)etook theiiirndvea to the hill: abiui 300 righting men went to hell ami lOO were t\ken prinioiierR Jkhdild could nut regain the Ktrongliold and hold on there, NeccKsarily he turned hi.^ face towards Qandahm-, The victorious tnciopOj entering Charyj, burnt all the plilct.■^^ and houaea of those il 1-fort imed one«, and destroyed and rocsted them up from their foundations

Ao*jtbet ^ piece of news was the defeat of the ill-starred ‘Andiar and the cloBtruetion of hh» unfottimate army. Brieriy, a hand of the Itiflucntial leaders and a body of BargiH (3(lahratUs)p who ares a hardy lot and who are the centre of resistance in that contitry, becon>ing angry with ‘Anilmrp showed an intention to be loyal, and begging for ipuirter from ^lirh-iiawais KljAUp wdio was in Balapur with an army of royal troops^ agreed to interview the saifl l£,h^i. and being satisHt^p Adam Khan, Yaqut Kh>^«

^ miiut, vh aaa.

&EFKAT OF MAT 4 K “‘AWHAH.

41 ^

oth^r leaders, atid IIm^ BargiM Jfido^ Riiy mui Bdpu Kfttiyii, tftPie and interViBWcHl hUii. K}ikti

gave euxih of thc^iit a Jioi’sh!, an elrpliant, niinrnoj’, and dros-s of lionoiir* occurding to their i|iiality tind condition, mode them liol in duty mid loyalty. Bind iiiarahiiLg frarii BaLipur rtUirted u;^itmt the rebel ’ A in liar in thoir company. On the rood they fell in with aii artiiy of tlie Dakhanifi, whow^ leaders were ^^JlhalldAr,^ i’Jp

Dilawar, Bsjlh FirCiK. mid otheis, and routed it.

With bmliTii nfm« Bind Inrwi’^nwl

No Hlroiigth til tlwir no steirtM? in llkcir turiida.”*

They readied tlie camp of tlmt ill-atamKi one, *ind he from excewnve pride determined to dght with the victorious troi>[Sfi. Having wUccted those rebels who W’cre with him iirnl -Adil aniiy and tlnit of

Qutbu-l-mxdk together, and preparing their artillory, he started to meet the royal tn>oiP4 until a Hpace of not more than 5 or (j kos rt^jsainod bctAVccn. (hi Sunday+ tlie 25th iSrihmaiL tlie annica of light and darkiiet$s approached each tather jind the scouts becnuie visible. Tliree w’atchrji of day hail ptLSi^ed wJitU! oannoii and rocket firing ln’gBin. In the ciid Hanlb ^^uin, W’ho was in (ronnimnd of the vanguard, with other leaders and swalous men such oh Raja Bir Singh Deo. Ray i-liand. “All Khan the Tatar. Jahangir t^uli Beg TurkmAn. and other lions of the fon^tt of bniveiy^ drew their swords and cliargt’cl the vanguard of the enemy. Perfonning the dues of mariliriess and bravery, they scatloreil this aR|^y like the Bamltii-n-na’sh i’DaughU^m of the Bier/ i.e. the iJreat Bear) ? and not fitopping there they attacked

^ Tlic Juiva Ejiy ftii4 B^lba Chotfin th ^flQ Kjialb IJ. Tbe

Mrt’a^inJ l-uftuiraH li, itiU, tiiw Milojl Kiat ijU. Thu X^xt J™ Mbft K&nti jx.

■ Til* Uxt in comifH. T^o Ma’^ir,. M,, \tm Atiu-h icLaencI of EMnMi.

• Thft m OTrrH|ilH tu tbt pooWhI Hn#of thii vurw tlw te*t hJU» irhiirh itcul two hO, AlSi^. wmJ RAF. MS5. Alia.

Wc * Wlf-le-’ Tlia R. JilH. hui ^ F«t/ whith insrm* lo eaii ih« best rnMhn^- Ponnihly i-bmLld be rcid " nKtmMer.’

SLtBJKCT CONTI

OM

the ei^eniy’ft centre. Tiiming on the aniiy upiitofiw! to theriip such i\ luind-to-liACid struggle twk pintle that tFie onl(X>kera retniiiiH:^:! bewildered. For rieiirly two glmria Ihbf eorubftt went on. Heaps of the dead lay tliorep and the ill-atarred ‘Anibar. uruible to offer further oppofiition^ turned h& face to tlight. If darkneas* and glncnii had not come on at the cry of those black-fortunod oneSp not one of them would have found the raid to the %‘allcy of safety Tlie crocodiles of the river of conflict followed the fugitives for 2 or tl kofl. When liorses and men could move no more and the defefttrd were scattered, they drew rein and ret unit’d to thdr places. Tlie whole of the enemy’s jirtillety^ with SOO laden camels that tarried rockets, war cdepliantsp Arab eind Persian horses, weapons and am tour beyond reckoning* fell into the hands of tlic ser%‘anta of the States and ihere was no counting the slain and the fallen^ A great ijiaiiy of the lenderi fell alive into their hands. The next day the vdetorions troops, marching from the place of victory^ proceeded to Karki, wdiich was the nest of thoae owlish oneSp and seeing no trace of them they encamped ther^^ and obtained nevi’S that they during that night and day luv.1 fallen mbenibly in different places. For soinc days the victorious army, delaji^ed at Karki, levelled with the dark earth the buildings and honaes of the enemy, and burnt that populous place^, In consequence of the occurrence of certain events, to descrilie which in detail -would take too long here, they retumfHl from that ploec and descended by the Bohan Khzimja Pass- In reward for this senidee I ordered jocTeoses to be mode iu the maimlift of a iiiiml>er W’hu had shown 7^1 and braveiy^

The third piece of neW’S woh the con quest of the province of KhokharA^ and the acqtiisition of the diamond

^ It Kvili be? rrasecLihcrod tluit JuKiliva^r 1 i»h cftUcd ‘‘Aiiibu‘’ti annj Oja (ti-my eif dAi^iuaM, pJJuiiinjf |icrbn|i4 Ut bcii^ an Abjji’^inian.

niAMOM) SilJiFJ?.

a 15

mines, whicli wartt taken by the excellent exertioiut of Ibriibiiii Khan. Thlfi province is one of tlie dcpcnelencieB of the Subab of Behnr and Putna. There » a river there frtmi which they procure diftnionda. At the Henson when tliere is little water, there are pools and water- holes, and it Itas become knoivn by experience to Oiose ivho are employed in this work tliat above every water-bole in winch there are diaviionds, there an? crow’ds of Hying animals of the natiii-e of gnats, and which in the language of India they coll yhingaiJ).* Keeping the bed of the fitream in sight os far as it is accesHihle, they make n collection of stones (mngchtn) rouinl the w-attfr-holca After this they empty the woter-holcs with spades and shovels to the extent of a yard or li yards and dig up the area Tlioy find among the stones and sand Inrge and small diamonds* and bring them out. It occasionally happens that they find a iriece of diamond worth 100,000 rupees. Briefly, this prorinco and this river were in possession of a Hindu iiamindar of the name of Durjan Sal, and although the governors of the Subah fretiaently sent amiicH against liim and went there thBtnttelvea, in consequence of tlio difiicolt roods and thickness of the jungles they conUmted tlnni- sedves with taking twv or three diamonds and left him in hb former condition. When the aftjresaid isubali wiis tranisfeiTcd from ^far and Ibrahim (iiiaii wws

• ElUut, tIh and Bkiftjimiiiin+ pr ♦TUr o. 3.

» Pi’r 4 u|M it shiwki bfl phnti^i nr a (pwiliropper, or it

Ire pilitffwr, c*ek™ch. tbo wat coforeil vith

Uiick and tho clflKd ef in.«ffcirt -whrtv wAirr wajl

Enkine* MS. l™ B.M- Or. Km tAilna or jOw.

tho woni III » cockmieK {swe BlCH-Kmann \tt far IS|I,

Viil ilju Ue ^iMolea a Hindnalnni Ptcli, mja that tho

Jit whmi in Arahio ia c«JM Uiw ^ Thf* Hrw

referred to Jahiti|fir i* iho Koukh of liif V. Ball^

A.S.B. f€ir IKS I, tK 4 %, 11:1 thsA tlw/Mii^i niay Kt iKutidfr-KHicw^’

• CcpmldTo Tftvwniflr a a«Munt of tbo aoarchin^ for diaiootidH i* Sctmlilulpiir (voU ii^ lut 31of od. of ItiTS).

OF KHOKHAUS*

uppoiatt’^J ill liitr pliicep thf! tiiiii;) of kiii lunv^

I nrdert^ him to go imd tiike the pmviiKie out of the pOHi^e^iuti of that uu known nod iiLHigrnflGnnt mdividital. Ah hood aa lie nrrivtNj io the proniici! of Beliiir he lUiaeiobled ii fort:e and w^etit agaUint that Zaininehir^ According to funner custom he nent dome of IiLh men with a pronibo to give Home dimoonde nod souic elephantap but the ^laii did nut Agrihc to thin and enterei:] iiu- jHdnunaly into the province. Before the fellow auuld cf>llect hiH men iie f-uniid guides and invaded it^ ■luni wdien. the Komindar received thb newH, the htllH und vales that are^ hiu iibode w’cre beleaiipiered. Ibmhini aent men about to Hnd him, and they got hold of liiia in a eavo with Hoveml w’otjieii^ one of whom W’aw hot niuthcr, while olhera ivere also his father’H wivea. They arn.‘Hted him, ami alao one of hiH hrothera. They seairhed and took from them the du&monclH they had with thenir Twenty- three male and female elephanta als90 fell into Ihruhim^f hands. In reward for thiH service the mansab of Ibtfvhim KhM, origiiml and inctmFie, wm nmde up to 4^005 perH«:ma] and horse^ and he wiik exalted with the title of Fatb-jang. Orders were also given for an increase in the mansalis of those wlio ucoQinpanitHl him on this aerviee and had ahomi braverj% That province is uow’ in posHeasion of *tlie imperial servants of the Stato They carrj” on work in the bod of the stn^am, and bring to Court whatever diarnoiids are futind. A large diamond^ the value of ivhich has been estinLated at 50^000 mpet^^ has lately been bnnight from there. If a little pains lire taken, it is probable that gucHi diamonds wdll ha found and be placed in the jctw’el-ruoun

NKW Ykata’s lltTKIilNOS.

yiT

Ei^venth Xl’yi" Yeah’n Feast ai^tfr tuk Arspicious Acx’Essh>?^

t^hrtrts of day had pfLs»i:d an Suiiduy, the lji»t day of IsfAudariiutz, cort&spoiidinjJ: Avith the lat IhibVu-l- awwat {LPtli Mareh, 1151 when finoni t he inan.iiou of Fikcc^n ilie Hdii L-awt the my of prodperity on tJje piihice of Anm^ At this Auspiciouft liDurJmvinj^ jjerforined the dues of service and supplication at the throne of Almi^hiy Ood, 14i^eiidiL’d the tJiroiie of State in the public audieiiee liEill, the iirLn of which was laid out with tt’sntH and canopies (^auii- t/thiftJiil), am! its sidi-^K adamefi with Europt^nn screens, painted gold bracades, an<l mi’C elotlis. The princeii, Amirs, the ehief equ^tie^s^ the ministiors of State, and all the fletvaiits of the Court pcTfai’med their coiigmtiilab>iy salutations. Ah liuti^ Nad ‘AU, ijfii/fmda (Hingerh was One of the ancient servanta, I ordered that whatever otferings were made on the Monday by anyone iti the shape of csnsii or goods shonld be given to hiia by w’ay of reward. On the I2iid day (of Far ward! n) the oiferiJigH of some of the employ^ W’ero laid Ix-^forc niis On tho 4th day the offering of l^hwaja JahAin ivho hud fkfiit them from Agm, and which conBisted of several diamonds and pearls, of jewelled tliingH, cloth stutfs of all kinds, and an cleplmnt, worth altogether oO^OOtl rupees, was brought before me. On the 5th day, Klin war Karan, who had been given leave to go to hia home, returned and waited on me Ho pmatmted oh pHoring 100 muhi^, 1,000 rupees, an elephant wHth fittings, and four honi^. To the mansab of A.^if Kliati, which was 4,000 poRKniol mid 2,tK>0 horse, i on the 7th made mi addition of UOOO pemonal and :i,0n0 horse, and honoured liitii with dmukrt and a standard. On this day the offering of MLr Jamahi-d-din llusain was laid before me; what he offered was approved and accepted. Among the things was a jewelled dagger which had

PR03ICmOS’« ANJI 0>TEftlN0S*

mn

Wii iiiade under his i^W|K*riutcri;denee^^ On iifc» hilt waa u 3 ellow ruby ® {i^ilqiti:-i-zfird)t excot’din^ clenr And bright^ in sizt- m|ua 1 to lirtlf a hen^s I bud iierer liefcrtj

-HtjiUk fti> Iaj’^ iiiid liic^Autiful a yellow ruby. witli

it were other rubier of iipprov^od colour and old ezuenildsi. Hmki^rH {inyiijirtiufil viiluttJ It (the ^bi^ger) at 50000 riipeea. 1 iiicrvAAC’^l ih^ maiisub of the miid Afir by 1,000 honie, wdiidi brought it to 5,000 p^iwnul and ^j.r500 hoi^‘r On tliQ &tli 1 increuaed the jiiattSAb o£ llrizii^ by 300 pepsonal and horae, and that of T rad at bdiilii by 300 per^jiiEil iitid SOO hom.% aa m to TAim each to 1000 p>rs!ional and 500 hon^e. On tho 0th the ottering of Khwilja Abu-I-b^’^t^ hiid befoni nic ; of jewelled onirtinents and doUi atutfH, what was of the value of 40,000 rupees wqm aeceptoil* stud the n^niuinder 1 iiuide a pix:sf:nt to him. The fifFering of TAtflr lyiau Bakawul-begi, coiiaiating of one ruby 4jne a jewelled tn^ft (signet !)| two ring^, and

some clotha^ avas accepteiL On the lOtb three elephuats wdiieh Raja Maba 8iugb sent from tho I>ccean, Jind 100 and odd pieces of gold brocade, etc., wliich Mtirta/il Khan sent frtJin Lihore, Ai’em laid liefore me. On this date Ihiyilnut Khan presented his oirering of two pearl rosarieii, two riibiea^ aix largo pearls, and one gold tray^ to the value of 28,000 mpee». At the end of Tliiiniday, the lUh, 1 went to the house of I’timadu-d-danluh m orrler to add to bis dignity. He then piXfseiited me with hiu iiflering, and I examined it in detail Much of it W’as exct^dingly nire. Of jew’ehi them W’em tw^o pearls worth 30,000 rupi:^‘S, one qnfhi. ruby wdiich bad iH-en purchased for 22^000 rupees, with other pearls and rublesi

’ Text, h[R awn worknuumhip, hut Ibcs MSS- hava

See ahw lc|hfiUn^mji* p. S7, which that ^ramLlcL^-ctlti had had it ieukIii in KjnpAr.

^ Really a tojxuL Tavernier pdiniH tint that, the ruitivea tall vxnMU preciao# stoaC9« rubier, tlL^tinipiialkin^ iJicm by Oieir cebur^

NUlt-aiAUALL ftfTlXKn NtiR-JAHlX. .119

Altogether the value wa* ll9,000 nijKK’ss. had

the honour of acceptance, and of eioth, ete.^ the value of 15,000 mjR^‘w was taken. Wlnm 1 had Jinmhefl in^pc^cting the offering I pa^wned nearly one wiitch of the night in cunviviaUty and enjoy merit. I ordered that cujm (of wine) shoxild bo given to tlii^ Anifrs and fkarvantft, Tlie liuhes of tho rnttfitM (barein) were alao witb me, and a pleaaaut tujaeuibly w^ts iield. After the feativo aRseiiddy ivas over i begged 1 tjiiuidii-d-4:hiiila1i: to exensso tne, and Weill to the ball of audience. On tho Haine day 1 ordered Xnr-iziahall Begatu Ui be eallecl Xur-JaliAn Begam^ On the 12tb tlie oHering of I’tiliar HJirin wais laid Iwfoto me. Tliey had made a vessel (;ar/) in the form of a hsh, jewtdled wdtb beautiful gerns^ exceedingly well Mha|‘H.‘fi and calculated to hold uiy allowance.^ This, with other jowela and jewelled things and cloth otuflk, the vtikie of wbicb W‘aH worth 5fl,000 rupees, I accepted and gave back the rest, Bahadur ^an, governor of ijandabar, had sent seven Iraq hordes and nine fuqft:Z (81 f) of doth Btuffs. Tlie offerings of Iradat Kimu and Raja Sxinij ^tal, aon of Raja were laid before me an

the Klilu ‘Abdu-s-SubUaii, who btdd n mansdih of l,2DQ personal and 609 honso, was promoted to 1,500 personal and 700 horse. On the loth the Subahdursbip of the province of Tliatha w^as transferred fnim ^^auii^rr libuls Oxbag to .^lu/^iffar Oiln^ On the 16th the olU^iring of I’iiqad liiiuBp son of J’tiinaduHL-daulah, was laid Ijcfore me. Of this tho cquivalodl of #12^000 rupees was taken, and 1 gave luack Ibe rest to binu On the 17th the odeHng of Tarhi 3 “at Kbaii was iiispcctcd. Of jew els and cloth wdiat WttS valued at 1T*0M rupees was approved. On ibe 18th 1 went to the Iiguso of Afaf KlmUp and his offering was pmseiited to me there. From ibi^ palace

• Tn^t, ^of enmcfipcmding tci mj

pTfeKumAbly A drinkiog-cup, tkfid Lnlii

eu^lWAry’ potEkima

EXTKRTA1NMK^:TS*

im

to liiH house- WfWt ft difltancji* of iilioiit a kw For hnlf the distance bo luid laid down miik-r foot velvet woven with gold Arid gold brocade and plain velvet, aucli thrtt itft vahic wftH represented to mm nj4 Ift^OOO ru]>cca^ I puAsed that day until uiidniglit at hh house with the todica The oflfcririgs he lind prepared were laid befon* me in detail dew’cb, jew-elleil nniamcntft, and thingfi of gold and lieftlltiflll doth stuffs^ things of the value of 114,000 rapees, four horses, and one cainel were approved ol On the iDth (Farwarding whindi waw tlie day of honour of the sun, a grand aftsenildy

WOK lieid in the palace. In order to oh«er^e the auspicioiLs hour, when gharb of day were loft of the aforesaic! day, t seated mys<.-ir on the throne. My s<jn Baba liiiurmni at this blessed hour laid heforo me a ruby of the puiest w^ater and brilliancy, wlikli they pronounced to bt? of the value of 8h,000 rupees, 1 fijied Jus nnmaftb, which was 15,000 penknial iind 8,000 horai^ at 20^000 personal and 10^000 horse. On the same day lay liinar weighing took place, f IncrtwKd the iiiansab of FttinMu-d- daiilah, which was 6,0(H) pcrHonal and 3,000 horse, to 7,000 personal and 5j000 horse, and bestow€«i on him a hlifidit (horse-tail Htftrahird)p and ordered hb

dnmts to be beaten after those of my son Kburraiu. f incjcascsl the iiianAiib of Tarbiyivt Kliuii by 500 pei>w>iial 4ind horse, so os to bring it to 3,500 pcrsouftl and 1^500 horao. The mausiib of l’tii|ftd Kliaii was mcreoscd by kCXh) penKmal and 400 horse, Nl^aniu-d-din (S^aii wm promoted to 700 perAOtiftl and SOO home, and appointed to the Suhah of Behar. Bii.ltoiu-lla]ip the Arab, was honoured with the title of Shaja’‘at IQian. and^ being dignified wdtb u necklace of pearls, becamo one of the royal ^ sorvanta ( promoted ,Vlir Jamrilu-d-diii InjQ to the title of ^A:?udU’d^lu]Elll (Arm of the State). On the

^ Aprjwstlj rcterring m hLi bemg anm cif tboea

wtho boew] thAaf mr* m IttiitntkiQ of Jiihmrt|^r.

AITOI.STJJliNTS. OtrrBniLXK OF AFGHANS, 321

21st Almighty Gcsd gavt’ Kliusniu a son by the dimghter of JlBqJin, son of Mihtar Kjkab-dAr ^Mtirrup^holiit’r). Tu Allfth-dad, the Afglnin, wliq, ncoepting my service, tind HcpnmUid hinuself from the evil-minded Ahtlild and oome to OuHrt, I giive 20,000 dnmbs (1(1,000 nipas). On the 25tl:i wine the news of the death of Ihiy ifauohur. who hnd been attached to the urmy of the Ehjccaiu Oiving !ii,s son ii muiisub of 300 petsonnl and (WlO horse” I htstoweti upon him his fnthers placit ntid propierty. On the the oHeejiiig of Xfid ‘All illaldrini, cunsistiTig of nine horses, several hits (idaJuiiw rtnd four

Persian camels " 8,1 brought before me. On tin-

23th T pnjHciited Baliiidur Klian, governor of QaiidaJiiir, Mit Minin, son of Ktialilu-Ihih, and ^ayyid fiayazid. governor of Bhnkar. each with an elephant (hi thJ 1st Urrllbihidjt. at the tec|gest of ^Ahdu-llah JOian,

1 presented drums to liwt Ijrothor Stu-dar libiin. On the ;lnl 1 gave Allalulnd Kliiiii, the Afghan, a jewelled kfiaptva (daggerJ. On the same day news came timt (i?adnm,if one- of the AfridI Afghans who had bei-ij loyal and obedient, and to whom tho (transit dues)

<j[ the Khailur Pass Ijelongvtl, from some .slight suspicion had w’ithilrawn Ins feet froiii the circle of obedience and raised his head in sedition. Ke hod sent a foree against t-ttch of the poets (/Anna), and wherever he and his men went, through the carelL’.SHntss of thoee men (in the posts), had plundered and killed initjiy of the people. Briefly, in caiiBcqncnce of the shameful action of this .■aniHeless Afglian, a new dieHirhanco broke out in the hill country of Kabul. When tliis news arrived I ordered HArfitij brother of Qadaui, and daJa], hie sun, ivho were lit Court, to ho upprohciuKhd and handed over to Awf Klian to be imprisono^l in the fort of Cwalior. By the

^ The u nrmipti* Ttio Lr^A rBwIing tu be frul

’ ano hDudrixl piHtH of iart»NA’ (T). LO. f til nwrw to harm lvt£^p ^ ntm^

= Hcte folldW two nointelli^Me word^ PtigdMa ^lOrbtff.

3'22

A HOYAL PKKHt

of Ihf Dhine inei^y inifl mul

tli^s of Godw fttvour, ixn affaii- twk pliiw ftt thh

tiiiio whicli is not devoid of ^tmugeiiossL After the victory over the lliiiiil my «on prew^oted isie io Ajiiiir with an oxeeeiiin^^l^’ IjcAutiful and clear roby» valued at 60^000 rujx^*. It occurred Ui me that I ought bind this ruby on my own nriiL I iiiiieh wanted two rar<’ pearLM of goi.d water of one form to be a Ht iimtch for thwi kind of ruby. Mxrqariub Kiiaii bad piocured one grand penrl of the value uf 20,000 rupees, and given it to me as a New Yearns oHeriiig. It occurrerl to tne tliat if I could procure a pair to it they would make a perfect bracelet. Kburnim, who from Inn childhoiHl had had the honour of waiting on my i"evered father^ and reniained in atUmdanct’ on biai and night,

reprct>eutcd to me tliat he bad fHx’U a pt^nrl in an old turlmii («rtr-f>«n<0 of a weight and shape ei|ual to tliiH pi^arL They produced an old (worn nti the

turljiiii), wntaining a royal jxiarl of ilio saiiic i:|uality, weight, and shape, not dift’eiing in weight even by a trifle, so mneh bo that the jewellers ivcre aatonished at the matter. It ngrci’d in value, shape, liiwlrc, anil brilliance i one might say they had been abed from the same mould. Placing the two pearls alongside of the ruh}^ I bound them on my afiu, and placing my ?iea«J on the ground of supplication and humiLity, i returnetl tlianks to the Lt.>rd that cberished His Klave, and made my tongue utter His praise—

W’hfi ndxh hunil uml

Kn iH-bo [Krfurtns dtia Aum LhnMlc^'^

On the 5th (Urdibihisht) ^10 Inuj and Turki horses that Murta^ Kljiiii bad sei^t from Ijihun^ were brought before me, a« also horses, 15 rainels, male and female, a bundle of cnine a (A^nfaiw;) pluracs, l> (?)/

• PeriiAlM sluTuki bo /eijr^^rfp * pocealMa.’

AmCAJf Ef,ErilANt. DtmtREAE OE AFGJTAKit. 323

ii fell-teeth, a pieew ot china Tartim*.

3 gun.M, etc., from Khiin Dauriln, nrliicb he had «fnt from Kabul, were mscoptei Muqamib KiiiU> pre- wnted an of a ainall olephant from Abyssinia

which they had brought by sea in a ship. lu comparison wit^ the clepluinta of Hindustan it preaonts some pccutiutitles. Its ears are larger than the eara of the ctopiiauts of this place, and ita trunk and tail are longer. In the tiim? of my rui^ered father I’timnd KhSn of Chijarat sent a young elephant* as an offerings by degrecH it grew up and was very ijery and bad-kanpered. On the lib a jewelled dagger waa given to Mu^Shr Khan, governor of Tlintha. On the same day news came that a band of Afghans* had attacked ‘Abdu-s-SnyMln, brother of KbAri ‘Alarn, who was stationed at ono of the p<Mts, and had laid siege to his post ‘Abdu-a-$ubhan, witii certain other man-sabdars and servants who had boon appointed to go with him, bad behaved valiantly. But at lost, in accordance with the saying_

** Whea gnatia wiu^ tlin^r flfrtiEw th« fllcpEwint,”

those dogs ovorcanio thom, and elevated ■Alidu-s-.Subbfin witli several of the ruen of the post to the dignity of martyrdom.* a condolence for this affair a gracious faniian and a special drops of Jtononr were sent to Khan ‘Alani. who had been appointed ambassador to Iran (and was still in that countiy). On the 14th the offering of hlukarram Khan, son of Mu’azMin KJtun, came from Bengal.

It coiwisted of jewels and articles procurable in that province, and was brought before me, I increased the rnansab of some of the jagirdars of Gujarat, Of these,

» definod bj VuUw* u b«tM er VMd htariniE v«u,

• Sao Akbu-tiAuife. Si* 31i^ [t wm unt Wot9 Jakiin^ ww* hom.

Itr ‘WM an AfrirnD elcptuuit-

• Misre the two wartiB rf!fBrr«d to at 2 «1 p. 32\ m rep«t4ML

• Kkhn ^AIud^b jmao iraa M B&rkbUiiUr.

Jl’Ji APl’OJ>‘TMliNTS, DJ^ATH OF KHA5C*

.Sflrdar JiliAn, wtiixse wmimb wa« t\i&t of 1,000 pcrsomvl iiiid SOOliOTw:-. was ruiflwl to 1,500 prsouAl luid SOOMio^f;. and UemI a standoitl given to liiin iw well Sftyj id Qhhuu, rton of Sayyid Dili’i-WAr Bivtha. wu,s raia«d to an original anil iaoreastd loansab of BOO peiflonal and 450 home, and Var Big, nepl.cw of Almnid QriHliii Koka, to one of (iOO pctAmal with 250 liorHO. On the ITtli there caino tlio iiewrt of the death of Rfl/Jtiwj of Mere, the U^Vjtg who belonged to the amiy of the Ihiccaii. Ho waa well Hkilled ill war, and one of tho diatiiigui«h«l Aiim-H of MawariV’a-n-iiahr. On the 2lid, Alkh-d^, the Afgluvn. waa hfmonrfil with the title of Kliftn. ‘‘“d hia Tnan.^ib. which was 1,000 perHonal and 000 horse, was reised to 2.000 p:iBoiial and 1,000 horse. Three hundred tliowfland ruivH.’s out of tho treattury of Ijihore were orders] o» fl, reward and for expenses to ^inii Daurau, who had greatly cxerU-d Idinself in the Afghan disturbance. On the 2«th, Kunw-ar Karan obtaiutd leave to gp home for his uinrrisge. I conferred on him a dress of honour, a Hpecial Trail horse w’lth a saddle, an elephant, and a jewelled waist-tlaggcr. On the llnJ of this month (lOjiQrdfid) the news of the death of Murta^fi Khan came. He was one of the ancients of this State, lly ^e^^«l father had brought him np and ruisetl liim to a Jicflitioii of oon-seiiuenco and trust. In my reign also ho obtained the grace of notieffoirtliy seri’ice, namely, the overthrow’ of Khuerau. His nmnsah had been raised to ti.OOft pentcrtial and 5.00(1 horse, A.S ho was at this time SnlmiKlar of the Panjab. he harl undertaken the capture of Kangra. to which in streiigth no other fort in the hill country of that province or even in the whole inhabited world can be i 5 otniMirt>d. He hod obUined lijave to go on this duty. I waa inueh grieved in mind at this iicwa; in truth, grief at the death of such

1 Thui ftnfP ‘i wwme t lla> numbur of bareo WOuW not be

riid^ii0«iLi

AlTOlJiTMKSTS,

325

a loyal follower b only reasonable. As he had died after ^ponding hjft da}’^ in loyalty^ I pruyifd God for p^irdori for hiiiK On the 4tli KJiurdilil the intiiiaab of Sayyid Niziiiii waa fix^-d, original and ineFeaee, at &&Q perHotiaJ and GSQ horse. I gave Nfiru-d-din Quit the jxist of enU-rtAhier to the ainhassadorN from all part*. On thill 7th iiewfl came of the death of Saif Khan Barhn; he woj^ a brave and iiinbitioim young man. hflil exerted liiinself in an exemplary way in the liattle with miu;9nill. He bade farewell to thiJi p^Mn^thable world in the Deecan through cholera I cmsti-

ferrcfd favours on his sona Ali Muharnmath who was the eldest add dio^t upright of bis children, waa given the niansab of 300 ^ pen)4:inal and 400 iiorsep and his t^Alf Muhaitirmid’B) brother, by name Hah^ur^ that of 400 peiTM^nal and 200 bnrse. Sayyid ‘^All, who was hlft nephew, received an increase in rank of 500 peraonaJ and horse. On the same day I^huh-Allah, son of ghah-b^ Khan KambUr received the title of Raii-baji KJbmn On the 8tli ^ the niansab of Husliim Khan, original and increase^ was lixed at 2^500 pei’sonal and 1,800 hotw. On this date I bestow’ed 20,000 darab^ (10,000 rupees) on Allah’dial KJian. tlie Afghan. Bikramajftp Kaja of the pmvinee of JimidhO, whose anccstorH were ciitisidenible zuniindars in Hindustan, thtxsugh the patronage of my fortunate son Batia KJhiiriani, obtaimHl the blesHing u£ paying tus respects to loc^ and im atfeiices wen? [airduned. On tile fttii, Kalyftti of JeBuIznir to ^iimuiun wliom Haja Kii^haii 1)A^ iiad gone, came and awaited on me. He pnestmted lOO mulirs and 1,000 rupetw, Hm elder brcither Rawal Bhiixi W’as a person of distinction. When he died he left a Fwm 2 months old. ai^d he too did not live

^ ^ in 1»ut So. IMI tuu fKHV aeuI ihlii faore lilcftly, cTm

naraber of bonw iJi nnver, 1 think. lu]g«r thjui Lhn sAf nnk-

• LO. MSS. havn LSLh.

■ I.O. MSS. hn^u ^JOlb.

DEAm OF mlu

long. In the time whk^ii I waK prince 1 hml tuken hm daughter in marrirtgie, nnJ ctiJU’d her by the title of Malika-Jnh&fi * (fiueen of the world). Aa the anct^tors of this tribe liud come of itneient loyal jjeopkv thb olliiuice took place, llrtviiig ^^uiniiioiit^d the afon?4jQicl KolyAn, Avho woh the brother of KTiwiil Bhtni, I exalted” him with the fika of Kaja and the title of RawivL Newn eome iliat after the death of Murtnv^t loyalty waa

j+how-n by RAja ^[iui, and that, after giving encourage’ ineiit to the ineii of tlie fort of Kfmgnip an uiroiigeTiWMit hod lieeii mado tliat he HliouJd bring to Court the mcjii of the Rtija of that cotintry, who waa 20 yearrt old. In consecincTicti of hLs great xeal hi tlnw H<>rvnce, I fixed hiM mannab^ whidi wa#? btifKIi p?lTk;^Ilal and 800 home, at I^50<J penwniil and 1^000 hurm^ fthwilja Jahaii u ies promoted from hisa origliini and 111 ^ 1 ^ 0.^11 maiiiiuih to that of 4,rKM pemontil and 2,500 horse. On thisi dftU^* an event occum^tJ tuieli that, altliough 1 woa gr^.-^aily di-ffiroiLS of Writing it down, niy hand an<L lieart liove failed ine« Whenever I took my pen my state bepaiiu? Ix^wildcnHl, and I helplessly ordered I’tiraadu-rl-cLtulah Ut write lb

" An ancient siiicen^ sLive, I’bitnadud-dan1aii, by ortler wTitcH in thm nusptcioiiM vnlume ‘ that on the 3 1th KhOitlod the triMies of fever weP’t’ seen m the pure daughter® of Shah Jilinnrain of lofty fortane, for wlioin His Jlaji^Hty ftbowxN-l much afTectioo as the early fruit of

• Ttie twfi LO+ MSS. Imvit the followil^^ “Ois ihi*

ilay it hapficfliMt that htrtrtjiW ntach I trml to Wfite. my huart iehI lyuid irciulil rwt Mlt, UTiefltver 1 iho jkmi my (jtMiditimi nltcmL

At liWt I luul to tell I^tinc^flda-d-deuJah to write."

^ riikM i!4 not m the I.O. MSS.

■ llure conica tlie which iho two bO* M SS, eEit«- ^Lighi^ tip.

• LO. MSr |M| hun " writL^ theit on the nU+^” etjc,

• The ba MSSr mhl here of tint 1 IU» ymr,^

• ProWhl^ tMii ix tike damul Beg^om, n. cleni^hler nf ■rJklMik+

whofu pniivo in noair IhuL of the umihli lth*iijw Mn^lnmlrdln ChL^hli F’ Kwjpatxmii Ijxuwlli.‘cr/’ b, Ftvhiilily Chimni «hfmkl he Qwmimh

whkh mcKinii ^ veotiuit* wnd «>aiiis frum ehm^iinr a gnt^k’n. E’crheiifi ^he Uied of anwlhkox. It w’at in the summer.

Sl IUKtT costi+n:^kd*

^rdeu of iiiMpicioUfnie^R. Afttir tkr^e days pq.itiik^ {dhii^t) appeared, and on tin; 26th of the wlmc itsoiitli, correspond rn;r sinth Wednesday, the 2Dtli JquadHd.ttww 4 U (15tli June, Itnd)^ in the year 1025, the bird of her mul Jlew from her elemental ca^* and passed into the ^rdens of Pamdise. Ftvni ihis data tm order was ;pven t)uit diAr-^mnd>a (Wedneaiiflay) should be called Kam-^arnba (nr Gum-^imba\ Wluii Hhall J writ* aim to what Inippened to tlin pure personality of the shadow of Cral hi csinseijiicnci.^ of thia hearlbuminu aTeiit and j^of- Lncriaistii^ caliniiity ? Ituisiimcb iis it happi^mod after Ihis ijuinner to that soul of tin? world, wliat must be the cunditiun tjf those other ^ s>ervants whose life was boitnd up with tfiat pun- personality ? For two daj^ the servants wait? not rtsoeavc^l in audience, and jin order was ^iet-ii that a wall slioiild be hqilt in front of the housi^ which ha^l bfu-ri the abode of that bird of piiradise, so tfiat it iiiii^ht not 1 j* seen. In addition to this ha did not ad«>ni the «nte of the ball of audience (did not come there). Da the thin! tiny he went in ivn agitated sfcato ta the liouso of the illuhtrioiLS prince^ niM) the !k?rvants had the j^ood hsrtnne to pay their HJiltitations and fumid fnjflh life. On the rmd, however much the fia^rat (the fr^ra^Jeror) desinwl to control himself, the tears dowod from the auspiciuOK eyt’s, and for a lon^f time it wm so that at the mere hearing of a word from w’hich came a whiff of pfiiji, the state of the IlaKrat Iw^me bewildered. He reuminiLHf for seine flays in the house of the prince of the inliabitautH of the world, and on Monday* of Trr> Divine month, hi* T,veiit to the hansc uf Asaf KJiftn, and turnc^l hack theiirCe to the Cha^iiim-i-Xiir^ and for two or

^ ,4p|»l^T3iatly ibo iiv to thia of tho ctfitJ ottd Up Iho

ipiuMlfivtlirr. iHiit is. tbe writer *f Ikbf iic^ii»,

^ 1-0. hftVo MoihIili’, tlws Olli Tl>, uhI that Jahiogfr want to

LTuRhiu-i.Xqr eiEt tho trth. wlnd^ ^jr wma a ThmwUy. And Ifliar ihat JaliAng^r “jHsnks df Saturday a>i fHo 11 th.

g2S ursTH sHin

Ihn-i? anyn employed hiaiHelf But fts loii^’ he

WA’S 111 Ajiiiii- h& could Dot control lumsclf. Wheaever the w ord “ frfcnchikip’ reached his cat, the teui^s would drop fnjTO hiB eyes umxKstrauuyd, and the hearts oE Ids faithful followc™ won> tom in pieces. Wlicn the de- piirture of tht‘ corte;^..’ of fortune tr. thi’ Siiljah of thi! UifCCiin toijk placci he ^liiiKl a little comfioaiire.

On this ihito Prilhi Chaiid. son of Rtiy Maiiolmr, ohtnined the title of Ray and the iiiansab of 5CM> ptrsoiuvl iiiid 4n0 liorsc, and ii jajpr in his mitivo plact*.

’ On Stiturday. the I Uh, I went fnjiii the Olut^mad-Nur to the palace at Ajiiiir. On the eve oE fc^imday^ the I2th+ jiEter 111 rtiNsiTidn liail passed, at the time of the aseeiision oE Stj^ttiinuA to the 2Tth by the ealcnlations

of tlie Hindu jistrononiers. and the lath degree of Capricorn^ by thu milculatioiis of the tlreeks, there came from the wond) of the rlaiighter of Ana! bJjAii (wife of Khumun} a piwious pearl into the world of being. With joy and gladness at this gnsat txxm the drums beat lotidl3% and the fhxir of pleasure and enjoytiient wna oisiiied in the face of the pe^jplo. Without delay or

rehcetion the name of ^lah IShaja^at caum to iny tongue. 1 Jiope that his coruing will lie auapicious and ble«4iHl to me and to hia father. On the 12th a je wellc’d dagger ^ and an elephant were lie^towcd on Raival Kalyao of Jesalmir. On the Maine day arrived the news of tlte deatli of KJiawttss Khhn, whfjse jagir was in tlm Sarkar of Qanaii]. I gave au elephiint to Riiy Ktiiiwurp Diwan of tiojarut. On the 22 nd of the same month (Tir) 1 m1dt>d iiOO la-rwnal and home to the mtuiftflb of Raja

talm Singh, i#o as to make it one of 4,000 personal and llfim horn.’. The niansah of “AJi lib An Tat^b wlu^ beforii this luul been exaltetJ with the title of Nnarat Khun, was fixed at 2,000 poTwmul and 500 horse, ami

Tluj’ wufi! ■ ’ ik crtTyltiwl in tLro test.

SULTSS I’AltwFs! HKCAn-KU.

A Htuiidard woft ulmi coiiferml nn liini. Will* a ™w to tin: necoinplislimerit of certain porponwi. I Imd JUIwIl. n vow tlint they aliould plivce a mi I i hr with lattice-

work at ’ the eiiU*/htoncd Umib of tins revcTcd Kbwaja. On the 27tb of thifS iiionth it w’os coiiiplcted, and I ordcnsil tliein to tohe ond affix it It Inal been inatlo at a cjust of l1f>.0fKl rupecjs. Am the eoiniiwind and leading ol tlio victorious artiiy of the Ditean had not bct’ti carried out to my satiafactioii by nij* wii SiiUan I’arw’iz, it occurred to me to recall bim, and send Bdlw Khiirnuii us the advanced guard of the victorioiw army, biaaniueb JVM tlui HipuM of rectitude and kiowledgc of atfaiis were evident ill him, and tliat I would follow him, m

Unit this iiiiportaiit matter woidd Kt- carried through m one and the same campaign, Witli this object a fannan bad already liceii se-nt in the name of Farwist ordering him to fitart for the Subab of Allahabad, which is in the centre of my dominiotiH. Wiiihrt, I was engaged in the caiiiiMiign. he would be entrusted with tliv guareJing and adiintiiMti-ation of that region, tin the iSItli of the same uiuntb a letter came from Bihfiri Ihvs, the iiews-writt^r of Burluiupar, that the prinre* tin the 20tli had left the city safely and well mid gone towards the nfotiesaid Subah. l>ri the 1st Amiirdad I bewbiwed a jcw-elI.Nl turban on Milw Riija Bbiio Singh- An elephant wa.M conferred on Hm ahrino of Kuiibti>pr. tJn the tStli. I-joffikar Kban bad sent four ambling {nifiaxlr) bom«, and they were brougtit before* me. Mir Mughal wim appoinbHl to the faujdftrebip of the Snrkar of Samlial in the place of Stiyyld ^AMu-UM’ftris. wlio had ohtamwl the governorship of the SaUli of Qanauj in the place of IQiciwfts* K.btio- His muiiHali. in view of that dut}’, was fixed at TiOO personal and horse. t)n the 21st the offering of RAwal Kalyan of .b*aalin1r was laid Ijcfor.’

» LQ. yi^. *ruuiiiL’

330

OUTBKKAK Of ILAGirE.

lae; it wftft 3,000 iiilihl^, 0 (loms, 25 ciimels, and 1 elcpIlAflt, The irtainaab of ■Qkll-ba^ tSllHli wa« tix^jd, nriginnl nnd increaac, fit 1,200 porftonal and 1,000 hora.\ On the 23rd^ yiftjA^at leave t*> go to his

jAgir illftt he nught arrange the nOkii’H of Ilia servants iiml hia territory^ and prt^‘iit hiiDJ^df at the tune agrewl upon. In this year/ or nitlier in the 10th year after my aeeessioin a great pt’^tilence appt>rt™l in some phiees in HindustaiL The etiniiiieneenient of this eahiinity waa in the pargiinnliB nf the Panjab. uml by degn?es the coniiigion apread to the city of 1lAhun^ 3Iaiiy of the fK!ople, MusuJmana and HindiiH, diwl througli this. After * tliLs it spread to Sirhind and the Dii^ab, until it mielu’d Delhi and the Burrounding pargamiJts and villages, and deackhited them. At this day it htul greatly dinunlBhed.

It became kuuA^n fmin men of great age iintl from nhl htsioHes that this dii^^iVH^ had never shown itself in this countiy” Physicians lunl learned men were

k|Uestiontd os to its cause. Some said that it came because there had been drought for twn years in succession and little nun fell; othem said it \va» on tbC^eount of the corrupt loll of the air wdiich occ urred thn^ugh the dmught and scarcity. Some attrihut^^fl it to ottier fttiistis. Wiialoiu is of All ail, and we must ^luhinit to Ailah h decn^esl

VVlkut ii«Lv a iitave who boin’i^ noc kiwk 10 unLcr?’’

(In 5th iJiiahriwar o,0b0 rupees towards her expenses were fieiit to tlie mother of ^lir ^Tirau, the daughter of ^loli iBina’il lb by imirchnuta who wen.+ pifxjj^iiding to the province of Ira^J. On the iSth n letter came from ‘Aijid Khan/ liakliahi and news^writer of Ahmadahad^

^ lilJliEa. ¥i, 54+3, There in a lifttiei- iiJ tlir plji^e la fta*

Icjb&l-nJjnDLt ppL Wf,

• TKe wt>Pflji are fiar niwl nmiy ztitun Cfruaitry* or ‘iiri^y

f>Dr«!i|p ptMihiry.’

• The mko of the hiMcirkia Nii^mui-d-itin. Sir T- fhw rr/trs to thi^

51 lSISt:nAV10UIl of “AOPr-LtAH KHAX.

lo thid^ pui-pyl’t that ^Vl^^lll-]k]l Kbfm Hahiidlir Finist-jang hail ijiian-elltffJ with him bwaUfkf he hnd reoonjL^ aniijn;r {current) iiiente curtain nffains that had unploaain;; tu him. imd had stni a bcKiy o£ men against him, and had iii^nilted lihii by caiTviiig him a^y to hia huinw, an<l had done tliirt and that to liiiin This matter appealed aeriuna to nie^ anti I wjw dt-siroua at once to CflM. him ont <jf favour and ruin him. At last It nceurrtfl to iiic to send Dayatiat Khan to ^yinnitlabAt] to em|uiie into thin matter on the apot froTii disinterested |hXipIe to s§oc if it hod actually occuiTcd, and, if »o, to bring Abrludhdi Klnln with him t4i the CWrt, leaving tlie chargt.^ and adniiniatmtinn of Ahmadalind to Sardar K.hanp his btutfier. Bcfcirc Ilayiinat Klmn stjirted, the newM reivchrifl FiruK-jaugn and he in a state of great perturbation confitssed him^df an orf’ender and started for the Court tm foot. Day anal K-baii met him Oil the mad, aTHl seeing hi in iu a strange? condition, as lie had wounded his feet with walkings he put hitii on liorK^dnack, and taking him with him came to wait on me. ]^ln(|amib Klaln. who is one of the old semaiits of the Court, frtmi the time when I Wiia a prince had con¬ tinually wanted the Sul^ah of GuJariEt. It thus occurred to me that, iut this kind of action on the js^rt of *Abdu-l]ah Khiui had come alxmt, I might fulHl the hope of an ancient servant and send him to Ahiuadaljad in the place of the aforesaid Jiham A fcirtunate hour wiis chosen in these days, and I appi>infced liiiii to 1)0 mler of the Snlmh. Ou tho 10th the iimnsnb of Bahadur h^han, governor of Qandahar, which was 4,000 peraouaJ jind :h000 horMe, was increased by 500 persuniil.

^jimp, the mandolin pla>T3i\ L<t the wonder of the age. He also sings Hindi and Persian songa in a manner that clears the rust from all hearts. I delighted him with the title of Aimnd KJian: Anand in the Hindi language means pleosuri^ and ea^e.

KAVGOKS, UF BAJPCth,

MiingOGst ^ iintd nut tu be lu in tJiy cuuiitTy of

Hindii^taib after the niuiiUi of Tir (Jupe^uly), (but) ^!iii]armb Khun hiul eJ^tablwhed jranderm in the pcir^Tiah of KiiirfiHji* which in the native phiee of liifl anccKtora, And looked after the mangoes them in Htieh a aiatiner jui U* pn>lung the Heaton for more than two iiiOTithM, and aent them every day fresh into the ayieciiil fruit store¬ house. As tliia was altogetlier ati unuHUui thing to \n.- aecfjmiiiishi’fi. it hm 1>een ifcordefl here. On the Sth rt bt^autiEuI Iraq hon+t^ of Oie rmiue of La”! Bi-balia (priceless, ruby) was sent for Pam iz by the Imml of Sharif, one of his attendnnLs.

I liiit.1 order-ixi quick-handed stone-cuttei’s tu carve full-sized dgunw nf the H^ia aiKl his son Kartiii out of marble. On this day they were completed and aubfliitted to me. 1 ordered them to l>e taken to Agiti and placed ill the gurcii?n* below the jhint/ka (exhibition-window). On the :2l>t}i the imteting for my Kolar weighiiig was held in tile usual manner. The Hrst w^eight came to 6,514 ttlMm of gold. 1 w"aA wingliofl tw’ulve times agaiiuil fiifferent things; the second weighing W’as agaiTist ijiiick’ silver, the third ogaiiist ailk^ the fourtli Against varioUH perfumea, aucli us ambergris and miiak^ dowui to sandal¬ wood, Uld, 6itn, and m on, until twelve weighingH wert^ Ciruuph^U>d. Of animals, acconling to the niinilA:r of

^ Text linl tliiM iniiki^ no The 1.0. luftVo omAej,

nu4n]^it^, unfl Ihcni^ti tW renmrk n^irajU tlkir^ ill nu aH:mliL the

ftwecl reading. ^Hirtietikrly foad of W4Mlgoei^ ami

jH^rVuifvi bo ia here pt&ying on tJio #imiliLrit.y ibo i3»iV]l

und

^ In SaHiHr Boh&mn|icLr (JftmrU, ii. ^2j. It in iiior ill Lhi^ liwtrict UriS.i vih

• ft hf A |jity tlut fbo of h* le^ft Ht Agra. Hjid tliore b»n,

woaita Katc bfun the wundar of Ihe tiga^ {not# oj BA^‘yii! AhlnAdS. Ptalwpfs Uaty ata tW twn ftgniirt n-hieb hnv# gcnctiUly hooH Niipimaed to hiv# been put u[i hy Aklmr ajnd to r#|ineA«ot CiluLor hmxm. The w-nrA iartJ^ in the text may moan thnt they worv mountccl NULtnl^i do I llwm tbr lUsncTiiiliun cif Ihirtn ml mHrhk #trttttiw Woahl tw wfimg.

SOL\R TiVEIOHUl-WlV DATANAT I’ABWONKD. UiW

ymm tliat 1 had poasud, a aheep* a ijoat,* «nd a fowl (for each year) wsro given to fakirs and derviahe. lliia rule haa lajeii tibaervwl from the tiiuc of my revered father up to iho present ilay in thia enduring State. Tliey divide after the weighing nil these things among the fakirs and thewe in need to the valne of nlxiut 100,000 rufieea.

This day a 111 %’’ vidiich Mnluibut Kknii had purchast^l nt Burlxaiipur for 05,000 nip<.sis from ’Alxlu-llah l^iaii Firfin-jang was laid bofore me, mnl was appiuved of. It is IV ruby uf beautiful form, ^he »i>ecial maiisab of fthaii A’afara was tised at 7,000 peisunal. and an order was passed tliat the diwaiit establish meat should pay an enuivnlont tu tlinl in a jdglr. At the

reipiest of I timadil-d-daulah, what had been dcduelisJ frtmi the inanMib of DayFumt on account of former proceeditigs was allowed to remain as before. ^A?udu-d- iluulah. who liad ublained Uie Subah of Malw’o in jagir, took his leave, and won dignified with the gift of a horse and a dr^wa of liononj;) The mansab of Rawal Kidynn of Jijrtjdniir WOH fixed at 2,000 personal nnd 1,000 horse.

« Teit hs* - ««r. ■ I* ™n.’ tbs H*ve 4 tar.

or im, «1-i It » that tliE tnw rnwling » ‘a *>«“

Btoehtniem, |iv •fboM g>»t» “V nHratiaHMl annHIg the anili^

(tiiilrihunsl by Akhar, Thr oiunbcr uf animlOa Jutrihuted TOrtwppa^pl ,itb tha i-eaia af -lahinifir** B«r> ( AH) malUpli^ hy 3 m ^

4S a a = m (H«i> Bloclmiann, l.C-t Tla> weijfht .taliiinglr waa «.S14 tuIrhJU, unit Blocbmaun Ky, i»7, n j laiftt ihta lo tw (he samo ^

«^iiiat« Jahangira a-eight at mib. t~y or 15 at«nc. Plfb^^y iBis » ex.»«.i*-e. and bH weight might t» Hi! air « a^at 3 maunda. ie nnlk ur lU ataiw. Tbe t«rfun«a agminat winch b* waa wcigbml w^iroaml^nWi^, net amber (wbich 1 m 4. no ««ml. 1, i.a. iignnm al^ „nd Ma (mn pd" ■ i" which apj«.«ady tba aam* W /i^n.

• fninkiiicimse’ (msa thochaptef on pcrfnm«!< ra BloHimann, p. 77h t am ■ml 3 nirc at lha nmuiing o( lha lihraws ha-dvt aiAddo. MSB have

nat ibB unmo-itUm ta. Perhapa tha mcivnibg i* ‘iml dimn mtatha hmida of Ihu faki™,’ -tahangir wwl bam I8(h HbahrPW. tti # »

Slat Angast. iMIt Tho weighing* dUacnlKd in tliO tail took phoe cm Iho awh Sbabriwar. Furliajia Uli* waa bacauM hi* birthday waa an tha i4th Shahriwnf acceiding to the Jalah yanr.

mUAlElKAlS KMIk I^HOJIPTKP.

a:i4

and it wiift ordered tlaat that province (Je.safinir) Khnuld be given I dm ivs t^wiklnvah, the (jiiirtpicinnw) liouc

of his de^sarture Was On that »unic (1^3% he took leavi? to depart for \m prtJ^iiice well pleOf^ed and exalted witli: the gift of SI horse , cm elephant, si jewel k“d a word, a jewelled khapmi (dagger)* a robe tif honour^ aiuj SI Hpecrisil Kashmir shawl. On the “Mstp Muqarmb fihasi took leave to go to AhTnadiilmd, and his mansabj which was 5,000 persosial and 2,500 hom3, was Hx^?d ut 5*000 pei^Ksiial and horse, and he wan liusioured with Ji dresA of honour:, tufrfiW (a kind of dres«h ^ of

pearls, whilst two horses from 1113^ prii^ate stable* a speoial elephasit, and a jewelled awqitI sverc at^o I}ei^wf3d mt hitn, Ke went off to the siTore^ki .Subah with delight and in a state of happinestL (In the 11th of Mihr, Jagat Singh, non of Kuiuvar Karan, tame frain hm native place and Waited on rsie. On the lt>t1i, Mlrs^ ‘All Beg Akbar- ^hl came from the province of Oudh* which Isad been given him in jagir* anil waited on me. He presented os ntferings 1,000 mpees, and he prcMluetil before me an elephant whieli one of the ?ajnindars of that province possessed, anil which he hail Ix^Mi ordered to take from him. On the 2Ut the oFTering of Qu|bud-innlk* the ruler of Goleoridah, coiisinting of some jewelled orsiainonta, was in-spoeted hy iiic^ The risansub of Sfl3"3id Qasltii Burha was fixed^ original and increase* at 1,000 personal and OOO horse. On the eve of Frida)”, the 22nd, Mlt?A ‘AU Beg, whose age had passtsl 75 3^eara, gave up the deposit of his life* Great ^ sendees Itftd been perfonrned by him for tills State, His umiisab rose by degrees to 4,000. He was one of the distsngnfehcd heroes of this

^ ttfliicrally written 1 nkI|^ isf IwniQur/ * a noMlaU’ oto,

■ Sh TOtuk, [j. 11, BloctLEfinfiu, fx mal MiL’^ira-httmAi^ iih 3S,1. The ittatitineat at TOxuk, p. II, about Uelbi oeoni^ a mistake, aod ti not in the *All dome from BwLiikhiliAii. Bu m ffoauOoLly

moutloTiGd m voL iu oS Uit Akbur^iiqma.

OF AN OLO OFFSCKK.

335

family {jatviindn^i m tilHs) ^ and of a noble dyjposition* He left neither nor other de^emianta He had the poetie t^nperament. Ah his )nevLtab!c destiny liad been fidHIlef]- on the day on which he went to pay hw dcvotioti-s at the venerated iiiaiksoleuin oE Khwftja Mn’^lnu-d-dizi, 1 ortlcivnl them to hiiry him in the ^me blessed pLiCe^

At the time when 1 f^nve leave to the ambooHodorH ot ‘Adil Khan of Bijapur^ I had miUe.Hied that if in that pmvince theru were a wrestler^ or a colebratcfl swordauian^ tliey should tell ^Adil Khan to send liini tu me. After some time, when the auibassadors returned, they brought a Mti^holp by name Slilr -Ali, who was 1>orn at Eijapur, and wjlh u wrestler by professjoii and bad groat experience in tl^c art, b:)^»thcr with certain aword-playera The perfortnances of the latter were indidcrent^ hut J put .^lir ‘All to w-reatle wdth the wrestlers and athleteH who were iii attci^dance on me, and they could none of them compete with liiui. One thousand rupees, a dress of honour, and an tdepliant w’ere conferred on him ; he was exceedingly well mmle, well ehaiied, and poAverful. 1 retained him iii m 3 ’ own service, and entitled him ‘^the atidetc of the capital/’ A ja^r and mansab were given him and great favours Ixistowed on him. On the 2 -tth, Da 3 ^iLnat Khiin, who bad been appointed to bring ^Abdu-llah Kliiin BnhAdur f’^ruK-jang, laought him and waited on me, and presented iia an ofTcring lOd muhra On the same date Ram the son of Raja Raj Singh, one of the Rajput Amira who had died on dut 3 " in the Deccan, wiis promoted to a uiansab u£ 1,000 personal and 500 honw. As *Abdd-]lah Rbrui had been guilty of faults, he made Baba Kburram his inUTcessor^ and on the 26th, in order to please him, I ordered the former

I Tim h the camfl pholMS luv, , cKxurS At p. 1L.

the- WS« rofrrrflt^ Ui W the Tlcnuride feAiily which belonged. It is cnnisceted wjtls ^tirui *A^a tiiie of ALber^Aihl^

’ in Blodunann, t-C- ■ the aOiKtEng ^tory ol his doAlh-

aae ‘aUUU-IjI-AJJ khan rARDO>‘Elt.

t<> pav hiii rtapfcts to me. Ho wait4iJ upon nio witli II face or (Munploto Hlmme, ftiitl preawnted iw offorln^jH 100 niulira and 1,000 r«p;e^. Ikfom the csouiing of

‘A(U1 KJjiin’H anibtissaUors I liiul iiuulo up my uiiiid tliut,

ImviiJg scat Bttlni KLu^m wilU tKe vungimnl, I diould inyKjlf pnxj«rtl to the Deccau and carry oat this mipoi-tiint affair, wliieli for sonic reasons had been put off: For tluH reason 1 liiwl jjiven an order tliat oxcept the prince nil one should repreaent to me the affairs of the mk-rs of tile Dectaii. On this day the prince 1jrouj;ht the ainljaiwador!! and laid their repreNentation befoiv me. After the death of Siurtarii l^lian. Itaja Mali and many of the anxiliary Sardurs had come to t-ourt. On tiiis day, at the reqitesi of I tiniAdiul’diiahih, I appointed Itaja Man aa tile lisader in thu attack on the fort of Kancni- I appointed all the men to itocompany him, and ttccordin^f hi the eoudition and rank of each made liim happy witli a present—a horse, an elephant, a robe of honour, or money—and ^itve thniii leave. After some days I qnnfemNi on ‘Abdu-llali Kiu’iti, at the reipiest of Babii Tvliumun, a jewelled difjger, oa he was exceedingly broken-hearted and grieved in mind, and an order was {Hissed tiiat his nuiiisab should continue as it was before, and tliat he should remain in attendance on ray sou among Ihoac appointed for duty in tlie IX-ccan. On the Urd A ban I ordered tlie muiisab of WaKir Ivhan, ivlio was ill atteuthuice on BalA ParwiK, to lie, uriginiii and increase, 2,000 pernonal and 1,000 horse. On the 4tJi, Khufirau, who was in tlie charge, for safe keeping, of jVnlnVi Singh-iialan, for certain considerations was handed over to Asaf (Qian. I presented him with a special sliawl. Qti the 7th (Ab^>, oorresponding with the I7tli Shaw’wfd {28th October, 1618), a person of the name of Mahamniad Rim Beg, whom the mier of Persia had iieiit as his representative, paid his reapccts. After performing the dnesoE profitratioa and salutation

SHlli JAJlIji TO ^JHK HKiCAX.

mtjdii, tiidirn), !iu }ii](l b’foit!’ kk^ thv- k^t^n- lit Imd bmught Ft wan deeidtuJ i\mt iik! J^bouJd pmdutc litfon? 11115 thr hoT>M-H jincl other ht liiiii] brought With him. ‘ilw writttii

jiiifJ verbal went wm* full of fritrjdHhip, liroLlur-

hiKMh Hiul snict-nty^ I gnvt tht jimliLyswlor on thiit saint (lily a jewttl|<vl thini {(uj) and a flnw of hoooiir. A« in tht IntU’r tmitli fritiidliin-Hs and aHl^^tioii wtrt5 lii-Hplayttl. un txiiot copy is n^condisl in tlit Jahuiigir-inliiitk^

(Jii Snndayp tho i8th ShawwrU, Ciirrt>t|jondLng to thi- Stli Alslii, tht camp ef|iiip4igi! of nay Non Hilbil liliiirrntii k4t Ajndr for the pnrpsjfic of the conijui^^t nf the provinci^ of the [>occan. aiid it was decidixl that my »on iifnrcsaid Hhould ?itrtrt by wny i>f jvdvnncv^l gimrd, folhiwtNj liy the ginriniifl stnnrlards (uf Jnhiingir). i>n ilowdiiy, the IHth i;nm5H(>oiiding with ttie !ith AliAri. when three ghiLriK of day had ]>iLSH4Hh the ziuspiciulls palace nn>vt»d in the r^nie dirvotJnn in the like manner^ Dn the Jbth the inanofih of Rrijii Silraj Stftl, who had Sx?oii appointed tA> iiccoiii[>any tlie pnjKi;^ wiv^ made upp original and to i^OOO

l-x^i’stniul tiud horee. On the night of tLie JUth AhAn, lifter my nnual custom, [ wjih in the Some

of the Amim aniJ attendants, mid liy clmnci: Miihi^mimad lii^ Beg, the ninboj^sarlor of the niler of Persia, wen? preoent, WJieii MX gharis liiid pushed^ an owl cAnx« and Silt on top of ii high ti’^mice n’xif belonging to tlie ^udaccv and was hardly vn^ihlis ftc) that nmny men failetl

• Thi^ Ifiilcr Ipcinif of the [Uiuikl Penuon ntyldp and haejug’ ttntliing; ta

with hUi4f^% t»f DmitUnl. It relftlei to tlu± iM’i^linij^ ci/

Malumimtul lliutiua Chi.‘hiM witb (ffeWiMt* t* ihn cm^i^nw, imd m On? ufterinf,^ Uia MTYicea illDr the piirehjiMfl af jewelAp <tcL

Text ^Xh Ahuiip hut. tbe have Stiu and thia mi clfinrly H^IjL,

By tJw lalter fmli cvf the Bontwice dmlunKlr Tn»Tia ilut Hhah JalAn wm ti> i^Urt firpit, t!4id tlmi ha hin^Half wbih to Iwivo aftfirwaidji^ The aa’ijileiouN ^ rt/HTwl to In tins past NeaujBiCn A|a|Mti!ntly BMh

ifithAii’X afitAlpli^^knbonL. JalkJin}pr did not leave I’or aliOiTit a Thciu];‘h Sh£h ^lolh&xi und the eMolilliiihinCikt £dr)K/af-^rifim-r AiijiHlyira]i made a Htut cm the JiMih nr ^h AhAo, be did itMt hnalljr Itare 111 ] the -3 Ith Abie. See

3:J8 si’ccESSFi’i. shot, simh *auii\s kii.ls nrs so?;.

tu distiitguiah it 1 i»ent for ii jiim mid took ain< >it’d riml in tin? direction tlmt tln-y iJointtid out to intj. Tli.’ jruii, like the decree of htiiveii, fell on tluU illnuiiienijd liinl Mid blew it ti> piiice#, A about nroie fiom those wlm wen: pn-flcnt, iihd iiivoluiitnrily they opened thcit lips in applause Mid pmiw. On tile wiine iii-jlit 1 tjitk<Lsl witli the nmbiiiisiidor of my hmthcr ghith ‘AIjIims. iiiid at laat the eoiiversation turned on the slaying of Stift Mir/it, his (the Shahs) eldest son. I naked him because this wiw a ditfieulty in m 3 ’ mind. He representtal that if Ilia alrtughter hft«l not Ijeen carried out at that time In.- would cert 4 iiiil 3 ’ have attempted the Shah’s life- jAs thi-H intention became manifest from his Iwhaviotir, the Shah H’H Wforehudd with him and ordered him to lie kilhd- On the same dn)’ the inamiah of SliiTJi Hasan, sftn of Mlraa UiLstam, ivas fixed, ongiual and inci-ea-sc, at peraonal and :M)(I horse, ‘Hte mansab of Slu’tainad KJiai),^ wim Imd Iwen appriiiited to the post of pa 3 ‘master of the ariii 3 ’ with BalA t^iurram, wjis settled al 1.000 pers^jnal and 250 liorm-. The time for the leave-taking of BwhA Kjiurram had Wn fixed as Fiiday, the 20 th (Aban). At the end of this day he paiadcfl Ivfore- me the pick of Ilia men armed and ready iii the [niblic Liall of audieiitt!. Of the distiiiguLshed favours lasftowod mi the afoiwsaid son one watt the title of ghbli. winch was made a part of his name. I oniered that thereafter ht’ sliould be styled .Shall Sultan Khurram. 1 preaenteil hitii with a itibe of honour, a jewelled cfulnjtdf, tlie fringe and collar of which wei-e ilecomli’d with |>earls, an Imij house with a jewelled Hiiddle, a ‘furki horse, a Kpcclal ek’pluint called Baiwi-badaii,* A’can-iage, according to the EngluU fashion.* for him to sit and travel nlxjut

I i^uthnr of IqlitilsnAjsm.

■ Oi lilw Kt^ieuK Of likfl » Uule’!

• Awonlidg to Roe, it w*.t rot Iho Kn^Uli haL a eopjp.

FerWpfl Iwid tl5e eamago Hini Jihin Ihr

FKKSKNTS Tft mlli JAJTIX. OF A THIEF* 513^1

in, ii jeuflli^d wwonl writh u (HwonJ-b&li)

ttint had be<jn tiiken tit tho eon^jiit^t of the fort of Aliiuad- migar, iititi wiis vt^ry cetcbralfd, iind zl jcwolli^d dagger* He gt^i-ted with ^^rKJiit kiH.^n]ieHe^. My Inirtl in Almighty Gcxl irt that in th^^^ J4ervici? lie may gain renown (Ht. become n^d-fiiced)^ On ^meh of the Aniirn Jind rnanstibdarH, according to hi« quality tuu\ degree, a horae and an elephant wen* coiiferreci Lock^niing a private sword fn>m 111 }" iswii ivjriflt, I gave it to ‘Ab<iu-]lah ^lan Firfiz-jang. As Dav’jinat Kiian harl lifen appointi^l In aecomjiHiiy the prince, t gave the duty of (revif^ta- of ptitiiions) to JQiwaja Qaeim Qilfj Khiin. Provimusly^ to this jt liand of thieves litid carried olf a cerljrtiii amn of money from tlie royal treasury in tiie tof imH (Police Office). Aftnr some days aevnn

men of tluit l»indp with their leader^ of the iwm of NHwal, Were caught, and a ijoriion of tlvafc money wa.^ recovensi. It occumd to me that as they hod been guilt}’ of such Ijoldne^ I ought to puniKh them severely. Each wiia punished In exemplary fasliioii, and I onierod Xawrth the leader of them all, to be Ihrua’n under the fi?et of an elephant* He petitioned tliat if I would give tlie order he wuidd tight the elcpliaut. T ordered it to Ik* m. They produced a wry furioua tdephnnt I bade tlieni put a dagger into his Jmnil anrl bring him in front of the elephiuil. The elepluint several titucs threw him down, and cacti time that violent and fearless iniin, aliiioiigh he witneafied the puuLshiucnta of hm comrades, got up again and bravely and with a stout heart struck the elephant’s trunk vrith the dagger, so that the animal refrained from attjiekiiig him. When I had witni-ssert thia pluck and maniiiii;!^, I ordered them to inquiro intu his iustory. After a short time, according to hiH evil nature and low diapoHition. he ran away in hia longing

1 EUiLK, Vi, :i4S

340

IX AX ESOUSlt CAHHIA«t:.

for Ills own pliicc imd nbodo, This ftwiioyed niy j^rvutly. und I Qidtrtsd the jaginhu-s of that neighbourhood to hunt him up and apprehend liiui. liy elmnce he waa ennj^ht ft Mecorid tinic, and thin time I ordered tiiflt uiigrnteful ant] unappreciative one to be liiiiigiifi. Tlie Haying of Shaikh Slushhu-<l-i1 in Sa’di nccfirtlft with Iijb tssi:—

** III ihli t’inl It wuSfs CI|3| It it’OlI,

Alt1tOU|ftt |tc be Ijcougbt iiji ’Hith trwiW,”

Oij Tui;sMjiiy/ the l«t Zi-Uift dft (10th ^CoVL^mber. t,‘i;>irnii!ipoiidiiifj w’itli tin? Abiiii, Jiftc’f two

iLntl Hve ghiniH ijf thu clay luid j)aj«4ecl, hi ^ood contlitioii and with a right purpOHt^ 1 nitrtinti?i:l ti|y Frank civrriage, which Imd four luirneH aitnehed to it^ and loft tht; city of Ajuiir. I onk™i many of the Ainira to acet>iiipany iitif ill carrtagcii, and at about nmiset alight^fd at a haltirig- plaw? about IJ kos distantp in the village of Deo Ray |,Dotfii 0-^ custom of tlio people of Jiidia tliat if

the movement of kings or grtMit ineii for the conquer of ft country’ is towards the tlu^y should ricie a tusktsi

elciphant, and if tho iJioveinent M h:>wanlB tlie west on iL horse of onv colour; if towartls the north in a pii]anc|iiin or a litter (mugktmu\ and if towardM the south, that is, in tho direction of the iXjcean (as on this ocraisioii), on a which b a kind of cart (anlba) or kikd (two¬

wheeled car), 1 had stayed at Ajmir for Hve days lesrt tlmn yiree years,’* ITiey consider the city of Ajiuirg which is the place of the blt^saed tomb of tho revei-ed Khwaja Mirltm-d-ilin. to be in tbo second clime* Its nir is nearly ei[^uable; ITiie capilai of Agra is to the rast of it j on the north are the towimliipH (district) of

■ Tbfs tUiy wjkJi Butimifly, umt TiMSPlBy^ Wid it!« iSntBinLay in Ihv

• Ivlbet liflfl Dbo KSnl, nml it l>» HSni in 1.0, MS,

^ .filts&ni^r litTTifVil in AJifiir nn ibe ‘^th AbAsi Ht2!!2T nrfiit felt it nn tihe il?,L AlAn, IOSTf, Ths ^liihimunflAiius ilatc^ w-‘ilb 111*22, find

Ut ^-l-i|a’dflt H>25= iBth No%TimbET, mad lOth Navemlwri KUSs

AC^CQU^TS AJMSIU

341

J^alhip niirl tin the t*i^utli the SuImIii of (hijurAt. On the wisft. lip Mukiiii Jiixrl I>ealpfir. The hcii] of tills []Tovinot+ is all sandy; Avak«r is fnund whh clifliculty hi the laml, Aiid tlie reliance for cult [vat ion is on moist ^ soil and on the minfalL The eold sejL%on is very fM|Uiihlo, and the hot is milder than in Fmm this auliah

in time of war Hti, 00 (M horse and 304^000 Rajput fool are provided. There are two targe lakfss in this eity ; they cull one of these t!ie BiaaP and th^^ otlier tlnr Anasagar. The Bhial tank Is in mins and its emliank’ inent is broken. At tlua time 1 ordecial it to be repairt-d. The AnAaagar at the time that the my&\ Htandatrls wen’ there was alvvaj^ full of water and wavea. This hfl is II koB and a ffiitah {lit. b’knt-m|H=;s) (tn circuiiifei’^nce \Vliilst at Ajinir 1 visited nine tirtits* the maiisioloiiin of the it?vered Kh waja, and tifteeii times went to look at thi’ Piishkar lake; to the Chanhma-i-Nur 1 went thirty-ei^hl tinies. I Went out to litini tigers, etc., hfty times, t kilh-d 15 tigers, I cheetah^ 1 black-ear (Ijnic), 5 3 iviLgaWt 33 gaKclh- 9 b antelope. HO boars, and 340 water-fowi. 1 en- campiHrJ seven tiinc,s at I k^^ Raiy ( rks> RaiiL) (.l»nn ?), At this halt 5 nilgaw’and 12 water-fawi were killed. Marching on the 29 th from Ihffj Ray, my camp wjis pitched at the village of Dnstiwall, 2 koa and 11 quiiiiers distmit fmiiii Deo Kily. t)n this day [ gave an elephant to Mirtiiraail lUian. I stayed the next d^i}’ at this village, tin thin day a nilgaw was killed, and I st»nt two of my falcoitn to my son Khnrrain. I nuireht^d from this village on the

I Tejtt but M8.S. oAAtj-, S.tr mfrHor anti |rfrlkrtji(H luw LatHL

Tb 6 text eii;>mip 4 r

• haVfr nnd 34rii.HNi Tva, «nil thiHi wflh

A>‘Ja bruTPtli iu

■ Text kfw NIL Tim tAnk in quNlinn U itm BiMabu tank rtf

the RajjicitAna UnTiFttwf, 11^ 4. vliirh wi^ mAdn Ipv Blwl 1>«4 OiribAii

alpent lOJMI A. a. It \m d^ribed in Ted’it ^^ Pornonal U

of Oklisutta rejiHnt, It u, or nliOut K in HrtnimliifiBnG*

mttl in abnut a inEltf irfSAt ol Ihe AaMAgor, whieh maAe W grandtHim.

M U Nr I NO. A N KNTKUTAIN M KN T.

3fi;) Azair. und at tliw vilkf^e of BnclliJil (^lAwalOi

i>| krjft On tlie rofid six wakr-fuwl. wi-rts

killetL Oil tIn-‘ 4tli, Imvdng ^oiw l| kcis. HrmisarJ svhMx U> Niir-.lfthiln k^anu’ thy plrtci> for thy

iitightin^ of hoiiirtir and glory. A halt was nirtily at this placy for eight days. In th« place of Khidinat-gar Khiiii I hi^rct apj>uinte<! Hidayatn-llah (inftster

Ilf On the 5th day T imtelope, 1 kiilang

(cnuie), and 15 fiah wen^ killcil. The m xt day .Tagat Singh ^ son t>f Knnwar Kauiiip rycnivw] a horse and a roht^ of hunoar and took loft^e for hk native place. A horse was also given to Ke^o Dik Liilii Jind an elepliant to Allalt-dail Khau Afghan. On the siitnn day I killed Li gazelk^ antelope^ T Hijin and 2 WJiter-fowL On that ihxy wiLs heani the news of the deatli of Raja 8yani Singh, who belonged to the amiy of BtUigafik On the 7th day d antelope, 5 water-fowl, and a qtiJ^qaUIihjk^ (coot) were killed. On TIinirHiiby jLiid the eve of Friday, a^ Kamsjir lielongw to the jagir of Nnr-Jahan, a feast and i.aitertfldninent were ]ireptiml. devix^lfl, jewel Iih] omaznentj^. Hue cloths, i§ewii tapestiy, and every kind of jewellery W’eie prest^nted as otTeriugs, At night on all and/ in the middle of the take,

which ifi veiy broad, lamp were distdayed. An excellent (aiteitaiuzneiit waa arranged. In the end of the Hand ‘riuii-stUy, Imving also sent for the Amira, I oidered ciipa for of the aervanh^ On my journey a by la«4

some ImqitH are a I ways taken ahwig with the victorioas camp; the boatmen conv ey them on carts^ On tJie day after thiH entertainiiient I went to lish in these boats, and in a Hhort time :3{|H large fish came into one neL

• AVsKLt mil«i vKHiili isiL^t fit Ajmir.^

■ Tills h tbe iMtnvf! irf a ^utcr-Liial In TurItU H l’aUisI iwIgA

ELiHi wiliermiw Mini in Hindi jb/lviMsl (nolo ^ S&iyykt

Ahnwl].

• Frci>lt«blj- ihc is ihm liifr allciweil lUnm wKn wuihed ta diink

to do Ml. Mnny, m nb [tmni woold tie whtit&inenL

AC«JCJLiNt i}Y

343

Half of th««‘ of Lhe of rtihn. At nl^hi

1 divided them Jimonj; the serviints in my own pmHence. (hi the Kith Apir 1 Jimrched from liiiuksar, Jiiid bniitin;; for 4 koa /dong the rurtd. tin? «imp was pitchoi:] at tht^ villftgT! of BiilodfL* Here I Htiiyul foi" two ihlys. (hi the lUth, moving 3i koa, I alighted at the village NiliAl* ihi thi? IHih the uximh was one of 2| koa.

• (>n this day I gavo jin elcpimnt to ^tubcniifriiuJ Rim

Ri-gp anibisHAdor of the nilor of Persia. Tlie village of .lonsii became the haltiiig-phice of the tents of greatness anil proaperitj% On the 20th 1 iniirchetl to the lialting- phiee of i>»^ogfu>ii; I hunte<l along the road for ii distance of 3 kos. r Htaje*:l at thin place for two daya^ and at the el III of the day wmit out to hunt. At tbia ntage li Htrangi* afiair was witiufssefh Before the royal st^mdanis arriViHtI at this halting-place, an eunuch went to the iMiiik of a. krgt^ tank there la in the villagCp and eanght two young stlrciM, which an^- a kind of crane ^ at nightp whcai we stopped Jit this haltilig-place, two large saroa appeared making Joiid cries near the ghusul-khana (parlour^ which iiiey iiftd placed on the tKjgt? of tlie tankp as if sonieboily were exercising oppreasion on them. Tliey fearlessly began their cries and came forward.. It occiirreil to me tiiat certainly some kind of wrong had been done to theni, and probably their young hod been taken. After hntjiiiry was mad a the eunuch wiio had taken the young Kiiras brought them Wfore me. Vi hai the sama heard the erien of these yoiiug onii^, they without control threw‘ t hciiisolves iiptm tliem, and suspecting that they had had no bmd. each of the two saras placed food in the inoiitlis of th*.* young ohcSt and motlc much lamentation^ Taking the two vuung lietween them, and stretching out

I heir w’ingH and fondling tlicnip the}" went off to their Tiest. Marching on the 23rd 3^ kos, 1 aligliti^ at the

• ^niiinUji ill

~ HfiliiU in MSH-,

Hl SlJUiU AND

:i44

vllliijir tif BiiliJinri (Bhilluf). Hiw lliere wa.s a halt tvvii liayH, 4 inJ ilay I rtKiy ki lujiiL the 2Utli the my a I HlHiiJaitlM iiir^vi.d iifKl Hk* lialt waa fif tire villfi^i*

of KakriL A halt wivs Hindi! traverhin^ *2 ktys-

Hti titi! 27tli thi! niiuiHtih of Bridi’ii-iii-jsaiiimi. hou of .Mirai HljalinikiH rirj»oiial jumI iiicreaHcilp was HxtKl at l.oOO pi^FHoiial and 750 dorst^ Martliitii;: on the SDtli 2J km, n halt wjiri umdi’ at the village iif liiWi, iiewi’ pdirgunali Bikda.^ Tlli^^ day L’orrtsMjKiiicieiJ with the feHtival id Qiirliflri (ir#th It]til), I ordered them to

oljwrve the onliiianees! of that day. From tiie date on whicli 1 lidt Ajiair ij[.i to the enil of tike ufoi^etiaid inonth, viit. the ]K>th A/Jir* tS7 ni]gaw\ nntelo|.iu, et^,jiiid fow’h laid l^ti’i] kilh^. A inarch wais xnadt- from

liiHii on the 2nd Day* anri T marehed and hunted for it ko^i 10 and halt4.^i in thi’ neighbourhocMl of the

vilinge uf Kiinrii- k^i the 4th a mait-li of ko?^ wan mode tu the %dlLigu of Surftth. Maixlihig 4| koa on the tithpfl Iialt waM made near the v’llluge of liartmi (Banjanli’i. (>n the Tthp wdieti lliere w^ih rt halt, 50 %vati‘r-fowl anfl 14- <]aahqaldngh (qivit) M’eiv killed. The next da^" wam ii halt aa w’ldl. On this day 27 wak^r-fowl iMK^atne ii prey. Dn the Dth a ninrch r>f 4j ko» was nnide. Hnniing anil tivertlimwiiig l>reyv 1 aliglit-t<l at the hiilting-pliici.^rif Khtadj Tal. At thi.H Htage a repirt came fruni ^[□‘tainaii Khan tliat when the temtory of the Kana tie<‘atiie the li-Lilting-plao^ of -^sfih f^hurmia, though then^ harl Jieeii no agrta^inent la this effect (Lc* to the Haiia’a meeting him)^ the fatin’ nnd dignity of the vietoriouji anuy had introdneed a cfiintnotiun into the pillarK of Ilia i:mtieiiee and Hnnni’as, and iie hnd come and paid his msipeeta to him when In* haitid at iJncIpfirp* which ivas on the border of his jagir,

■ lu ^urkiLr Stmriwcw (Jurmt, ii. tiSltti. It Wks in Mnllra, But itw J,C>. MSS. hjii’c Xuudji.

“ Tfrst Ij4iy{plr. hut ihw Viet not nu thh tiiirnler ot the UilrLti’^ lerrinifv. Aod Ute luLe^ Dui||jar,

ICANA Ot‘ ilMAlvCn.

^ 4 ^

jiEicl yljhrrviii^^ all tlit? tlnm aiifl p-i?ni?iiioni*:H of iM^vice \w Jirwl tiPj^ktUsi not the KriaaMe^^i |>isrliuii of thuin. KJiurniiki had piiid him every Attentioin pli-iu^ed litii» witli tiu- tfift lif w dn.? fif hiiiimir, ii Hainfib, u jewellwl awonl. a jewelkti kfiupwa, PenthiEi and 7\irki JiaraeK, aikI All elephant. And tlisnuMswl him with every liunoiir. He lind aIw fevijurt’d his wf.Ais tiiid relatioiLsi with dreswes of honour, Jiiid out of hm which conxiAitH] of Hvi?

clepliAtit», tweiit_v-rttvi.‘’n hornes^ and « tmy full of jcwelH and jewelh’d oniAments, IwJ iakcn three horses and given iMick tlic remainder It was scttlwl tliat Ida son Karan should lit tend on the stimip of Bnbii K]i 111111 m in this eitpedition with 1,50ft horse. On the lOth the sons of Riijii iliihn .Singh ctniie from their jagir iitifl native jiince (Amber) and Wftitefl on nie in the neigh txmrhoud of Rnnttniibhor, [miking an uttering of ttinn eJepliftiits aju! nine Jioti^es. Each one of them, necfinJing to his c-^jmlitioii, receivL=il an increase of inAnSslb. As the neighbourhiXAl of tin* said fort bveann^ a Haiting-pliict! for the ro3"al HtAndanl-H, I n’leased some of the prisoiiers T,vho wen- contiin^i in that fort. At this place I halted for two djij’K and wich daj’ w’ent to lumt. I’hirty-tnght TtvattM– fowl and qanhi:|aldugii were Inkeru t.tn the t2tii

1 marched, and iifter going -t kos halted at the villaj^? of Koyala. On the naid f killt’<l fourteen water-fnwl and an ante!opt% On the I4tli, haNniig tnivei^nj itj kon, J halted in the neiglibjnrhood of tin’ village fif EktorwJ killing on the riMui a blue biilh twtlvti herons (ATnui^xiiniM, etc* (hi the miiw da}’ ^Iglnl FakiI, who Iniil 1 ms>ii ajilwintiHi r1eput;:i’ for I’tijnfiduHUiaidah at f^ho^^^ wils digniried with the title of KJjan. At this stagi’

they h(uJ ercctod the royal lodging (fhtriiat-Minut) on the bank of a tank, which was c-xcetiiingly bright and pleasant. On oecoiiint of the pleasantness of the phiee

■I th* Twla of !^ir T. Itoe,

.‘146

IICSTIKO AJiD Sr,\ttClIlS6.

J haltwl two days there, ahd ut the end of eodt went to hunt wttter-fowl. To thin plnw the ymiituer son ttf MttliuljHt Kium. by niiine Bahm-war, came from the furt of Raiuiiiiibltor. w’hieh is iiis father’s jaj^ir. to y»y lus respects to me. He had hrouKht two idepliauU, Iwth of whidi were included in my privat*? stud. J pmrnuKfl .‘Safi, son of A manat Kl*an, to the title of Khan, niul, increasing his maiiMali, made Intii and tieww-wriler

of the SuViah of (hijamt, I lav in travelled 4 ^ koa <ni the ITth, 1 lialUnl at the village of rjusayu.* During the halt 1 killed one water-fowl and twenly-thnre sand-gmuae jV,s I luid wnt for Lasliknr Khali to Court on

account of the diHiigreement that had occurred iHjtween him mid K-haii Dauran. I at this pJaM* appoinUfl ■Abid liukkshi and news-writer, in his stead. On the iDth, haviiig made a inareli of ’21 kos, an eiKauipiiieiit was Tiiiule in the neiglibourliouil of the vilirtge of KfirakA 1 Kotuy?’),* which is sitiiattsl mi tin* liank of the Chsmlial. t»u account nf the excellenct* of ilie place and tlu! plcjiwmt- iiess of its nil- and water, a Imlt hxtk plane here for thrci> days. Kverj’* day 1 wit in a Wt and went to hunt water-fowl aim! to wander over the river, tin tlie 22 iid* there was a iiuirch, and having inivetrsed 41 ki», shuoting on the road, the victiirieius camp was pitched at the villages of Sidtniipiir and Chila Mala tChilamila Oil tlila day of lialt I bestoworl on Mirftii f?adr Jaliln rj.OtK) rupees, and gave hUn leave to pitjcietl to the place as«ign«sl to him on his jagir. Aiiulher 1,000 nitHit<a were given to Hhaikh Pir, On the 25 th I marehtsl and Imiittsl for 11 ^ koa mid vncAiiijHsi At the village of Hflsfir.^ Awsirding to fixed rules one iialt and one march tmik place, and on the 27 th I marehtd and hunted 4 ^ koe And encninpesl at the village of (’hardi’dia (Variuihii O-

■ in ilJiSS, ^ tiiHi Ilf Jtitimu-iJjlin th« lii^tortso,

^ ISofftra ia MS^S’- liiMi I hr ilKiflCcif 2i hiwsmt l/iWA.

• agnl in JJSfS. * Minjinr bi te*U

S’fJlANCK tSCAl’B OF A KlltlJ,

347

Tw« iljiys 1mlt look iilaco hero. In this month of Diij* •HU aninml-H were killed, tmmely, !)7 Hiind-groinne (diirraj). 102 <jiiBhi(ttIdrtKh, I saras, T lieiiinrt, IIS wjitCTfowl, and 1 liare. (hi the lat Bahiimn, eorpeapondinff «nth tlie r2Hi MuhatTuiii, 1020 (20th Jaiiuaiy, 1G17), sentidfj niy«lf in IxMt-s wiili tlie ludicH, I went forward one staj^e. Wluni one glniri of day roiiminwl 1 arrived nt the villngt of MpaW^pi, the lialtm^-ploce, tlie dintaiwe being 4 koB awl I.") jiirib. 1 ahot five sand-gnniHe. On the aame day 1 Neiit by the biiiidH of Kaiknim winter dro!w« of bonoiir to twenfcy-oiie Amirs oii duty in the Deccan, and ordered him to take 10,00(1’ mpees from tho«‘ Auiiru iw a thtuikn- giviiiu for the drea’iieH of Innioiir. This baltiiig-place had much verdure and plcnaniitnifw. On the 3r»1 a march towk place. As on the previous day, I einlinrked lu a IxMit, and afUr tnmrfdng 2i kos the village of Kakhn-das (KakhaViiH?)^ lascame the encniaping place of the %‘ictorious camp. /Vs I came hunting on the ivay, a sand-gronao fell Hying into a thicket. After much search it was mnrktsl, Jim I I ordcrrtl otic of the heaWrs to surnHind tlie thicket ami catch it, and went towards it laywlf. Meanwhile anutht-r sund’grouHe roNO, and this ) niiMic a falcon maze. iSoun aftcrwaids the Ijcaler cunic and laid the aand-grouse liefore me. I ordered them to satiafy the falcon with this .santi -grouse, and to keep tJie one we liacl caught, as it was A young bird. (But) before the order reached liini the licad Ituiitsiuaii fed the falcon with the sond- grousi; (the second one. vijs. that which the falcon had caught). Aftor a wldle the Water representwl to nie that if he did not kilt the sand-grouse it would die (and then could not W eaten as not propi-rly killed!. I ordered him to kill it if tlmt w-as ihf case, /\s he laid his sword on its throat, it with a slight movement frod itself from tfio sword and fiew away. Aft*?r I had

1= MSi?. rujx’tft.

^ K^iiiA IWs-

rj48 a imuik

left till* lj<ttt nnrt lilt mull’ll tuy horao, .sufjtltjiily u spiirrow hy till’ fum? nf Hit wind struck this I lead uf All Arti>w’ tluil one of iht- iK’atnifi who wan in iny ectinun hiid in hi« liimd, and iiniiKidiatety fell down and dirtl.

I wn« Miiiajsocl and bewildered at the tricks of destiny nil mil’ siiii! it im’served the .saiid-f,TiiiuMi, whose time had nut niTivod, in it skirt lime fnuii three such doiif;i’re, mid on the other hniid iiiiide captive in the Imnd of destruction on the arrow of fate the spaiTOW wliosc liiiiir of dentil Imil Come—

“ Thr worJil’flwun!l nwy mfwr froiii lit* jilmx’.

Blit it will aut m veitv till (;«1

of liiiiiour for ihv wintijr had alwo lKHn sont hy tho liAiid f>F Qiin’ii tht- yaj/aiimt {iLslier)p to tht Aiiiirw ot Kabul. I liiilU-d at thiH on account of the pli^a-sunU of the wj’Kjt and the excellence of the aiiv On IIn> day there caiue the of the dentil of Koct ^Ali Khan

Maklaiii at Kahui 1 honourcti hiH sons ivith mnnsahii. and at the rvi|U<«st of Ibrnhini KJoin Flmz-janj^ ^ increased the niauwih of Kfiivat ^Shankar b}’ 500 pei’sonnl and LOO*I horse. On the <ith Ihert^ was a inarch, and goirifj for 41 kon bv the pass kuouni as Ghate ClmisdA, tlie my a I canip was pitched at tlie villaj^t^ of Aiobnr (Amjar ?). Tlus valley Ih veiry j^jreen and pleasant and ^ood treea arc seen in it. Up to this sta;p.\ which m the limit of the eonutrj- Ilf the Siilsih Ilf Ajinir. K4 ko« hi^ lieeu traveled. It wart also a pleasant sta^^ XCir-Jahaii Begum here shot with a gun a qarr^a {1\ the like of which for sijse and lieauty of colour had never been seen. I ordered them to weigli it, and it tame to 10 UAm and 5 inUHhjia.^Whe afoneiuid village iw the commenceinent of the SiibufT of Mulwa, which in in the oi^cond clime. The length’ of this ^Sufiuh fmm the exlrcniity of the province of Oarha to the province of HuriAwAla (Banawara f) is 345 keSp and itn

■■ JArTcit, ii, 11*^1,

ACCOtf^r OF 31AI,WA.

m

hriMuhh fniJii tlie i«vrgniJftU of to tho parj^amiti of

NiHidiirbar h 2.10 kos. On th>! ^fiwt ia tht* province of BHiidliu, And on tht? lUirth the fort of Napwiir, oti tin; Koutli tlie province of fli’d the west the

SnlMiha of Oiijiirnt and Ajinir. ^lalwa w n Iiir;f0 ptoviaet? iLbuiindini’ in water toid of a plaaaant eliiiiate, There arc five rivera in it in additioii. to atreauia, ciitmls, and apriij)< 5 i, namely, tliu tlixiavari,* Bliimn, Kiiliaindh, NTrn, and Narbftda. Iw climate is nearly vi]iiaLlf. ‘Du- land of thia pn>viuee ia low, but part of it is high. In I he district of L)har, which ia one of the noted places of Malwa, tlie vine gives grapes tAvice in the year, in tile beginning of Pisces and the ix’gUining of Uhj. bnt the gnipea of Pisces are the aweeteiv Its hiisljandmen and nrtificeni an- not vrittiout arinO (The niveune of tlie province is 24,700.000 dam^ ^1ien neeflfiil there are obtainwl from it about S),:fl 3 U * honse and four Ink I is, TO.JKlO foot-aolilierH, with 100 elepliants. Qn the Stli, moving on lii kw, an encainpuient was iniide near KhaiT^Uid. On the road U sand-gro«.Me luid S herons Avere killeil. and having traversed and shot over a kos llie cauip wna pitched at the Ullage of SidliAra. (Tjn

• the ILth, while there wow a halt, I mounted at the end of the day to hunt-, and killed a blue hull, tin the 12tlt, after traversing 4^ kos, a halt wa.s mode at the village; of Brtc hliayi’m jl^ On that day BAiia Am^ Singh iiad sent some hafikets of figs. In truth it ia a fine fruit, and I liad never seen such delicious figA in India. But one iiiU-Ht eat only a few of them: it dom liann to eat many. On the Uih there was a march; Imving traversed 4i kos* I encamped at the village of BaJhali. HAja JAnlsi. who U an influential situnindar in theae

1 Thfl nWM B«nw Up tie w™i(f. .TiJiiDglr [)i eiTdradj CWaff t(™i tht Avln, and tlm rli-m mentianisl thtnS n, 1ft. I art

gjirhai’lji. Sip™. KAlliindht Bttwa. and the Kodi (« Oodi).

• eJanflit* ii, 19«>^

njgionSj hzid sent two ilh fill o(fti"iiigK liTid th^^J

were brought Iwfore nie- At the stagy they brought injviiv Rielonji grown in Krt.riK nejir Henit- liliiiii ^Abnii li^urtiliw »ent 50 camelfk In former yeAt^j they had never brought iimlonH hi Hueh iibiindauee. (On oue tniy lhe\ brought iiumy kinds of fruit— KhtIz mcluiia, rnelonR from BiidakkHhmi And Kabul, gmpoa from Sauiarkaiid’ and Bodakli^ban, apples from Samarkand, Kashmir, Kahiih and from Jalalabad, which k a dependency of Kabuh and pmeapples. a fruit that corneii from tlic Ktiiopt^aii jiorts. plants of w’hich liave been aet in Agrt^ year

aome tbouaATids are gathered in the ganJcnK there wliieh appt’rtain to the private doiiiaiiifl ( iVrt4

which are aim Liar in form to an oiangCT hut finiallcF and Ixitter in tlivoiir^ Tliey grow’ vet 3 ^ well ill the Sulinh of Btaigal In what kiignage can one give thanks for Eueh favours! My revered father liad a great liking for Fruit, especially fur laekinM, putiu– granateH, and gnipes. During hk time the Kariz melons, which arc tlic Hne^t kiral, and iioinegmmib;^ from Ye7dp which are celebrated thmughout the world, and Samarkand gmpea had not leen brought to HimlustaxK Whenever 1 sec these friiit* they cause me great rugrct. Would that such fniit had conic in those days, ho that he might Imvc eujoytMl thorn!

On the 15th, which w’lui a halting day, nows came of the dcatli of Mir ‘All, son of Faridhn fcLban Ihirlaa. who waa one of the trusted (descended frtnn amirs)

of this Family (the Timurides). On the Idth a march took place. Having Lravemed 4^1 kcjM, the camp of heavenly dignity W’Ofl pitchetl near the village of G\tl. On the road the scouts brought news tlmt there was

• Thw ItMTO jiweet pcrnwyrftftSteft fram Yewl, ftfltl Anb-n£fa

■saw from PiiTHh, ami |»i±ATa from BiulKkh^Ua-D (mm ElIiaL,

haTfl

• komta ! aS 4^h^iar tho MSS. md’i^iar.

OK a ims.

a liun ill tliL^ Tivi^lilxjurhoocl. 1 vv^nt to liuut hliii mid fiiiiKhisi hitii with one whot. Af^ tlie bniveiieKi of tlii^

’ liob (mAIj* ixihiir) IniH Imhtii eHtabiinlioe], f wLfl1n?d to look at kiH intentAfter they wei‘i> extractedp ii rt[j|xsAretl tluit ill iv luiiiiiier contniry to other Jlnimuls^ wbdue galU hkiiMer is outside their liverK, the gall-blttddflr of the lion is within his livei (/X ^t occurml to me tliiit the eoiimgi! of the lion imiy be from this cause. On the IStli, ufter trflversiriff km, the village of Aturiya wus ^ oiir halting-fakce. On the lOth, which was a Imlt,

I went out to hunt. After going 2 hga, ii village cm in¬ to view cKLwlingh’ lunl pleasant. Nearly IW

loajigo-trei\s were Hven in one i^rdeii ; I hiul seldoiii seen niangrntrees h<j large and green and pleasant In the wunc garden 1 siiw a ^wr-tree (a hinyan), exceedingly largi\ t ordered thein to nicaanre itn lengthy hrcodtln an<i height in j’arda Itn height from tlio surface

to the highest brancli {mr-sfiukh\ was 74 elibita The eircnmfertrncc of its trunk was 44 i cuhits and it« breadth^ I73| uieusiiied by the gax. Tliis Iioa been iX’Corded os it is very uniisLiaL On the 20th was a marchp mid on tlie nmd a blue imll was shot with a gun. On the 21st, which wa,^ ji ludtp 1 went out to hunt at the end of the day. After returning, I came to the house of btiinadu-d-danlah for the festival of lOiwaja IQii^r, whom tht>y ciUI ; [ runuuned there till a watch of

the night hod pUi^Kb and then feeling bicliued for food 1 went Ijtock to the rtyal €|iiflrtom On this day I honoured btimSdu-d-ihnlati as an intimatv friend by directing the ladies of tlie liatciu not to veil their faocM from him. By this favour L hestowed everlasting honour on hitiL On the 22nd an order was given to inarch, and after 31 kos were iniverssed the camp avos pitched at the village of Bfdgharl (Nawidkhen On the road two blue

fSAAd’f. It.4 KTH cr Perlifipi thv 1751 att! yuds, net

CubiU,

fiKKIl-SSJO’JTlXO,

vyi

bull. «… Wilk.l. Or. tlr. 2:lrd rby of Tir^ ft halt. I killwl rt blue bull with a Oil the -4th.

tnivefsiiiK o koe, the villugrr of Q«..n.-kh.pv ‘’^ 11 ,“ buJtiiie-l.late. m th. rurtil .1 white auiiiinl ««« killed, which rt‘.scniblcd the kmh (hos-flccT): it had four

hoRHS, two .‘f “^hieh wcw opposite the exlR’^mtiw o£ its (.ves, iiiitl two iiit:.:r.bre.ult1iL-< in heiijht, ftud the^tw^j other h’oniH four ttnjji-T.bn-iirlthH towiitd. the uiipr of the neck. liC were L tingcr-br.>adths in hei^-h. T o c

of India call this auinml ty

The iiiftlo ha.s four horns and the female ^

^ild that thin kind of antelo|K:^ has 00 ^albh in ikr. lUt when tliey looked at its iiitCHtinc the fnvU-hlaxhler i^an appunsit, and it dear that thin ri^rt ms no

femndation. Qn the iath, which was .1 ha t at the end of the day 1 rode out to hunt and ki led a f.iniile nilijaw with my fjun. BAlju, nephew nf Qillj ^h«n., “ho bdd the uiateaib of J.OOd i^uwrn.il and «3tl honsc, and had ft iadr in Ondh. 1 promrAed to 2.001) pcr^nml and 1.200 hm^’. diKuiHtd him with the title of ^7^’ and appointed hint to the Subah of BenRftU tin-

2flth a n-ftreh t^tok place, and after travei^inff 4? ko« II halt wft* made at the villiific of Dih Quay an, which is in the Tioighbourhixd of UijaiiL A iminlxT of trees in this place hod blo^nn.d. ’lltcy hail pitched the

tStJS ST’ill” - -i-x”

iL’il Ata s-i- -“I “«r’i’’"‘r‘sS’

iktf- otber It is not un4 movwi with s ^ j J

X Lha km^k Nhort4i!i?SEfid dwr mhmr uml

«wMint for trUnWV gmng ,l«iu ** s tmtivy Mint IffiT Ife-

port-ipija] Fur HiW’h of tho tw/jfA Ot j

irtalwi. in hi kl.utry n( Jnlrinelr wn»« Us.

ELAtive nuino us I^fdhitya*^

KJEKCVTIOS OF A MATHICtDK.

im

tint’s on the bank of a lake, and ktui prepatML’d uu i-ncliantin^ place. Pahar, mn of lihan* wjih

capitally piuiiHhixl at thia Cbcrijihing this luiiacky

njic after the death of IiLb father, 1 liad ^vcii him the fort and province of Jaipur, which was the place of hLn iince^tora. Aa he waa of tender 3 ‘earg^ hla mother ntjed to forbid him certain evil pnicticesL That etenially black- faced one with some of bin coiiipaniona one nif^ht came into the houKc and killed liia omi full mother with hiH own hand. Thia imwa reached me and i ^>rdend thein tfj bring him. After hia crime was proved n^inst luim I ordered them to put him to deatli (kih ba biyuM ntMlnf:- dnnd). At thia halting-place a tamarind ^-tsw caiue to view, the form and habit of wiiich were .somewhat stmnge. The urigimil tree had one trunk; when it had grown to it gaz, it turned Inio two hranelieA, one of whidi W’as 10 and the other SJ gaz* The distance bt^lwecn the two hranchea \vim 4J gass. From the ground to the place where the hranclies and leaves came to an eiid(?), there were on the mde of the large Timncli 16 and on Ore other branch 15 J gaz. From the place whence tli« branches ttiul green leavea l 3 cgan(?) to the top (trunk I) of the tree waa 2 | gai, and the eireu inference wa^ 2 j gaz- I oidcted them to make a chiibuta^’a (platform) round it of this height of S gaz^ As the trunk was very ^raight iind weli-shapcdp I told my artists to clepict it io llm illmjtmtions to the JaMngir-narna. A mairh was made tm the 27tlL After traversing 24 kcJ«, a halt was made

^ BIwlannlLEi, p.

« Text, H dpUf* but cvklcntly tb« er eJms

IjintAfifuli ie. * thp [mlm of rndiin’ in mcjint {m BtLhv’A Enikine,

p, 1 do understand the nionAareineeat The ^ord jgak, ^ aim^*

bcicKPC! tha WOfil Ui not in the mnd 1 thfult, 1 ihiak *

Lho IS C^d lAi gu Arc tha kngthn of the two brADeheH, ud thwt the mtHiliilrements and giix refer to the hehI djcumfcrQuce of

ibe two hrAnnbcA at the place when they s-tarieel frofn Lbe trank mxid bcfopc thoy pot Ou t

n

354

AOCOUXr OF KlLlVATtAllA.

at till; V’lllagti of IliiiduwaP; on the road a blue htdl wa-t killed, On the a8th, after tmvorsmg a ko«, the viJiago of SCftliyadaha beanne the luilting-place. KAliyudalm ia a building wbicli was made by Na?ini-d-dJn, son of Q]^iyfiHa-d-d[n, son of Sululti Jdabmiid fibalji. wbo woa ruler of Slnlwa, In the time of his ride lie \wl iiiimIo it in the neigh bouthood of UJjain, wbkb is one of tbe niwt ctJebratcd cities iu the Snbah of Sfidwa. They saj tluit tlw beat overcame him so iiiuch that be passed bis time in Ibo water. He made this building in the middle of the river, and divided its waters into canals, and bronght the water on all sides, as wetJ as inside and (Miteliie, of the hou-so, and made targe and small reservoirs suited to the place. It is a very pleasjust and enjoyable place, and one of the noted bahltatious of Hindit.‘ftftn. Before it was decided to bait at this place I sent arebitects and ordered them to clean up the plaee again. Oil account of its pleasJintnoiw I remained in this place for thrtii* days. At tbe name place §l!ajfi.‘at Khiiii cniae from his jagir and waited on tne, Ujjnin is one of the old cities, and is one of the seven (stublLshed places of worship of tbe llindas. Raja Bikmuiajlt, wlio introduMd the olwerration of tbo heavens and stam into Hindustan, lived in this city and province, from the time of his observations until now*, which is tbe lOgGtb Hijra year (1617 A.i>.) and the lUh year from my accea^on, 1,675* years have passed. Tlie deductions of the astronomeTS of India are ail based on bis olwervations. This city is on the bajik of tbe River Sipra. The belief* of the

• Hjivlvnui tw HicnJAiffM id

Thi-i ill Ln MWiijini™ vtith ami probahlj diafiv«t| fram aalwKw Efiikinc, p. iJJfc bo l^tWI yvwit lia™

cUpicd; from tbo tiroo wbep StkHunijtt tam\e bin olwrvmtw^, f:h*kmo

• tMkt^ tliw tui nhow tliftt El^Liar iTBjf writip(f in Ki+p ntwl ii WC »dd y*»rfci Or Uw difleWfiW liatweon il 34 wis 1 , 6 jU ji’OWf^ Jop IhGj 5 if wd

t%kp IP bd

1 Sito jArratt, ii, 190, Abft-l-Ciul JMlje tiiW that thu Saw oecurral A week before hi* nmTal at Ujj&in.

1

I UTVER TURKS 1‘STO MJUK. 3^

, HiDdus js tliat otice in Bom© year at an uncertain time

1 tlio wai-er of this river turtu4 into nidk- In the reign

of cny revered fAther^ at the time when he Jiad went to set In order the aWairb of my bix>thpr i Sbfth Murndn he sent a report from tlmt city that ii large

tKxly of Hindus huJ MtisulmniiK had bome testiniany that some days previously at night this river had become milk, so that people who took water from it that night found in Ibe morning their pot^* full of milk.^ As this obtained ftnrreney it has l>eeo recorded, but ni}” intclli- ; gence will in no way agree to it. Tl^e real truth of

’ this affair is known to ^iljah. On the 2iid Isfaud^nuu^

I etiibarked in a hemt from KilliyMaha, and n*ent to the

nest stage, t had fre^^uetiUy heard that an ausU^re ^ Sflnj^AsI ® of the name of Jodrup many years ago retired

fruiii the city of Ujjain to a corner of the desert and employed himself in the worship of tho true God, 1 hod a great desire for his aequaiiitan<^\ and wiieii I was at ’ the capital of Agrn 1 wob desirous of sending for and

^ seeing hlnu In the end, thinking of the trouble it would

give him, I did not send for him. Wlien I arrived in tho neighbourhood of the city I alighted from the iwat anil went j kos on fc»t to see him. The place he hod chowen to live iti was a hole on the side of a hill which hod Ijcen dug out and a door made. At the ontrojice there is an opening in the shape of a which

• Cf. Jftrrelu, iii IWi. ■

’ Ti^ict, Ailmf^IriAAy ‘a plun like a irRmy^r-nkW* PMiblr

th^ true rowllng i.h ’n fHAsage withatU fana.’

, HowDTior^ lha hAvs (utAnlfc, fteeOLnil jn tha text may Im

, ctapArcil with tile MA’IgirD-l-nnLara, aT^^ And with the Iqbar tuini a,

Ji. M. The i»wurc!iDHitA df tho inoyth of hnln in thA I tfk^n fromthu l^tdl-niitilA, Slid diOin^ froin the Account in thr T^xuk.

Tbo Ma’^If, foUoiriia^ the IqhdJ’ii^mA^ Uib A^Li>e AchhoiS or AjhwL «

II Abo hiA Aybyaquent haalofy. Be wFut to Atnlhurm end waa

IhcFo cruelly 1>eat«ai by BAJliih JAKingtrA rbit to Jndrflp in

refermi to by Sir TlMHnjw Roo, who itteniieiw A TA|iart thAt tbe JsiSnf **■

’ Hud to be yiMLre old. JAl^agfr dw doi &Ay Ajiy nudi oofi^iute.

300

ALX-UV+‘i’r 01^ AN

h m bligtii (?ti^igj)t) i glix and fti brtiadth 10 ^im (kxkutti^ edcli of ii gax), and Uie distance tmm tlds door to II hole whiqh is his real abode is 2 gaz and 5 knots m and in breadth llj; knutn. TIlo height

from the gtotiod to the roof in I and 3 knots. The holij whence is the entrance to the abode is in length oj knots and ita breadth 3| knots. A perrsoii of weak IxKly (thin ?) can only enter it with a hundred didicultics. The length and breadth of the 3iole ore such, ft has no mat and no straw. In tills narrow and dork hole he posses his time in aoLitude^ In the cold days of winter, though he is quite uakcrtr with the exception of a piece of rag that he has in front and behind^ he never lights a lire. The Mulln of Kum (Jiilalii-d-dln) has put into rhyme the language of a dervish—

** By Elay eur aro tbo pun.

By niKht om* uiKitn^A and blaiik^t tkie

He bathes twice jl day in a piece of winter near Ilk abode, and once a day goes into the city of Oijaiii, and nowhere but to the houses of three braliniins whom he has elected out of seven, who have wives and childreu and whom he believes to have religious feelings mid coiitentuieut. He takes by way of alms five mouthfuls of focH out of what they have prepared for their owji eating, wliidi he swallows without chewing, in order that he may not enjoy their llavour; always provided tliat no misfortune has happened to their three housea^ that tliere has been no birth, and there be no nienstruous ivoman in the house. This is hb methdcl of living, just as it is now W’ritteiL He does uot desire to asiiioeiato with men, but os he has obtained great uotoriety people go to see him. He is not devoid of knowIe<igej for ho has thoroughly Tua^red the science of the VcdftiiUi. which is the science of SuHani. I conversed with him for BIX gharis i he spoke welh so much so as to make a great impression on lue. My society also aiuted Idiii,

siNruT CAmx

357

At the litni! wlieti my revered fatlier conquered the fort of Afllr, In the province of Khandt-sfi. and was returning to Agra, he mw him in the vorj’ sniuo place, and alwajm retnenilx’red him well,

’nio learned of India iuive t^tnbtiahed four niodes of life for tlm eafltfl of brnhuiina, frliich ia the moat honoured of the castes of Hindus, and linve divided their Jiv ea into four periods. These four periods tlioy call the four The boy wJio is bom in a braJnnin’s house they do not call brahmin till he is 7 years old. and take no trouble on the snbjrtt. After lie baa arrived at the ago of 8 yours, they have a meeting and eollect the bmtiiiiins together, Tliey make a cotd of -mifnj groiw, which tbey call ‘fjiiinjit in length 2^ gm;, and having caused prayers and incantations to be repeated over it, and liaving bad it made into throe strantls, which they tsall nk t&n, by one in whom they have conficience, they fasten it on hi« waist. Ha’i-ing woven a sn^ndr (girdle or thread) out of the loose throods, they liang it over liis right* ahoulder. Having given into h» hanti a stick of the length of a little over 1 gnz to defend himself with from hurtful lliings and a copper veswcl for drinking’ water, they hand iiim over to a leamcrt bmhtnin that he nmy remain in liis liousc for twelve years, and employ himwif ill reading the Vedas, W’hich they believe in a.-! God’a book. From thh day forward thty cal] liini n brahmin. During this lime it is neccsHiiy tlint he slioiild altogether abstain from bodily picnsurk Wiien midday is passed he goes iw a lieggar to the lioases of other hrahmins. and bringing what is given him to iiis preceptor, eats it witli his permisoioiu For clotliing, with the exception of a loin cloth (lunffi) of cotton to cover his private parts, and 2 or ft motv ga* of cotton

. * itirreM, iii, 571, Cla. TTlo SiULiilcfit wont is A 40 Una, or

• Left flhnuliier Tn Aj’fiL

3&8

AUfeTEItlTJKS OF BRAHMANS.

which he thrDW& over hb bnck, he kas DOthing cIbe. Tl»s state b called brahmacharya^ that iSj being budeid with the Divine books. After this period haw pu-sned, with the leave of hln preceptor and his father, he marnea, and is allowed to enjoy all the pleasures of his five until the time when he has a son who

Mihail have attained the age of IC yearn If he doea not have a son, he passes his days till he is in the social life* During this time they call him a grihasft, that is* householder. After that time, separating himself from relatives, oonneotions, strangera, and friends, and giving up all tilings of enjoyment and pleasure, he retires to a place of solitude from the place of attachtnetii to sociality passim his days in

the jungle. They call this condition hdnpi%tsktj^ that is, abode in the jungle. As it is a maxmi of tlic Hindus that no good deed can he thoroughly performed by men m the social state without the partnership tif the pi’csenca of a Wife, w’hom they li&vf styled the half of a man, and as a portion of the ceremonies and worshippings is yet Iwfore him (has to be accomplished), he takes his wife with him into the jungle. If she shonlrl be pregiumtp he puts off hia going until tihe bear a child and it arrive at the age of o years. Then he enti-usts the child to his eldest mn or other relation, and carrieH out his intention. In the same way^ if his wife be menstruous, he puts ott’ going until she is purijfied. After this he has no connection with her, and docs not delile himself with communication with her* and at night he sLeep.^ apart.* He passes tw^clve years in this plorce, and lives cm vegetables which may have sprung tip of themselves in the desert and jungle* Ho keeps his 3£unnar by him and worships fire. He doea not w^iLste his time in looking

^ HAciskril, VufiAiiru^lliA.

• Ttji.1 Toi"! dorr mjfdh* mhiida, tiut np^pumti^ Lhui shuuJkl be dial nihtJda j ibei U, BjifiEtibrum vpilc in fnvolucrii

INTERVIEW ^VITH JADRCT.

jifU^r h]H naiJu ot tKe hair of liis Iiend, or in triiiiiinii^ hiH beard and nioiifttaclies. When he cotiipkLeH thi>i period in the iiiaiiner related, he retarriH to hb own house, und having eomineuded his wih to ills ehildrtii und brothers and sotiK-ln-law^ to pay hm

to hiB spiritual *^ider and buniFi hy throwing into the fire in his presence wlifttever he lifts lu the way of a xuntmr, the liair of hb head, etc,, aud says to him: " Whatever attachment {ta’ailfiq) I may linve hzid, even to ahstlneuce and worshipping and will, I have rooted up out of my heartJ’ Tlien he closes the roftfl to his heart and to liis flesires and is always employed in con- teRipIiitioii of God, and knows no one except the Tnie Cause of Being (God). If lie spttak of ^ieuce it b the science of Vedilnta, the purport of wliieli Hiiba Flghilni lias versiiied in this csonplet—

** There an^ in th’m ho*iw. by wbow rayji

^\lkt!rovi]T I look there m iuk.>em hly."

They rail this state that b, giving up all.

They call him who poAS^’^^’s it mrmbiydfft

After interviewing Jadrup J mounted an elephant iLod passed through the towTi of Ujjain, and as I went scattered to the right and left small coins to the value of -"^.500 rupees, and proceeding 1| kos alighted at DaTid- t^era. the place whori,? the royal camp was pitched. On the ’lid day, which was u halting day; I went, from deairo for association with him. after midday, to see Jadrfip^and for six gharis enjoyed myself in his company^ On this day also he uttered good w^ords, and it ivos near evening when f entered my palace. On the 4th day 1 journeyed kos and halted at the village of Jariiq*

^ Text*. mtA wbkh iTui|’ nHHn ^Ui^tdhRtiu^ cvciyEJuiiip/ The

Iqb^-oinw. pu biM ^ AVct^thiD^.*

• 1.0. M^r Kq.. 3Ua uyx nochin^ nhout s hut ii|jQLkA

« vilJjige Khirwir And at hAltiilgf unibr A tniia}r>lni^ Xdt iicKfi Nal 3lk> tkHiitiOft A jrirrlen.

360

LA an K JIA S YAN -TIlKKi

in tlio I’nmiiiyft ^rdcn. This is also a vi;iy plc-aKaiit

luiltinj^ - place. Eiill o£ tnies. On tbe 6th thci-e wan a match; after proceediiiij for 4} km I halted ou tin* Ijank o£ the lake of DeljalpGr Hheriya. On aceonnt of the pleajsftnttuiw of tlic place and the delighta of the lakt% I halted at this sUge for four da^s, and at the end of each day, euiharkiiig in a lioat, employed myself in shooting ducks (murffhdbl) and other n<|uatic; aninial^ At this halting-plnce they brought folrAri grapes fTOiii Ahmadnagar. Although, they are not ua hirge m the Kabul fnkhri grapes, they do not 3deld to them in svreetneic^

At tht reipiest of my Hon BnlA the nmiksab

of Badi’u^^-zanuiu, tson of lillrzil ^ahnikh, was fixetJ at 1,500 personal and 1,000 howie. On the 11th 1 umrchial, and after proceLding for 3f knn Imltcd in tile purganah Dnnlatlibld. On the t2th, which was a halt, I rode out to bunt In the village of i^oikhkipfir, which belonged to the said jMrgaiialip 1 ^w a very" targe and bulky bmyaii’trec, nieasuring round its trunk gais, and in height from the rout to the top of the branches I2^^i cubib* The hranthea spread a -Hhado for *2I>3| ciibita. The length of a branch, on which they have representtd the tusks of an elephant, wins 40 ga^. At the time when my revered father passed by tliis, he liod made an impression of hi^s hand by way of a mark at the height of 3| ga^ from thi.^ grntm(L I orderetl iheui also to make the mark of my hand H goj. above another root In order that these tAvo Pi^md-marks might not be effacf:!d in the eonrse of time, they wert? carved on a piece of marble ami fastened on to the tnjuk of the tree. I ordered them to place a and platform round the tree.

As at the time when I was prince I hod promiiied Mir Ziyuu-dLn Qazwiiii. who was otie of the Saif I Say^yidH and whom during my reign I bav& honoured with the

DKAIH OF BAJA SIAN.

301

title of Mustafn ISJjRti. give the puTgimiiU of Muldnh, which in h fAinouH jjiirgmiah in Bciignl, to him Aiiti his doflcondiintsi iti Ol ti^rpetunl roj’Al grant),

this grent gift wjw bestowed in hi a honour at tins Jinlting-plftce. On tho IStti n iiiaitK took iikceH Ooing oepArntely fniin this camp to look round tlic country and hunt with some of the ladies and ititiiuates and Acrvaiits, f proceeded to the village of [Iftsilpilr, oiid whilst the camp wiw pitched in the neighbourhood of Nnlcha (Bftlchha ?) I halted at the village of Saiigor. What shall be written of the beauty and RweetnesH of this village ? Tliere were many iiiAngf>-treea, and its lands Were altogetlier grtiJii and delightful, IJu account of its greenness and plcasautiiefls I lialtisi here for tlirta? days, I gave this village to Kainiil Khao. the hunts man, in place of Ke^o Das MArfi, An order was {Husetl that tliey should Jicifafter cull it Kuinnlpftr. At this same lialtiiig-plaee eiccurml the night of ^ivrat (Shivratri). Jlany Jogfs collected. The cervinonfes of this night were dulj* observed, and J met the learned of this body in social iiJtercoiirec. In these days 1 shot three blue bulla. Tile nen*s of the killing of Baja Man reachticl me at this place. 1 had appointed him to head the army that had been sent against the fort of Kangra- f^‘hen tie arrived at Lalion^ be heanl that Sangnlm, one of tlic xriniindars of the hill-country of the Panjab. had attackiHl his place and taken [Mjfeu’ssion of jNirt of his province. Considering it of the tirnt importainx" to drive him out, he went against him As Sungrniii had not the power to oppose him, he left the country of wliich he had taken possession and took refuge in diHicult hills and places. Raja Man pursued liini there, and in his great piide, not looking to thi; means by which he hirnnclf could advance and retreat, came up to him witli

» Cf. Ellint, vi, m Tbti MWi. waWeg ■boat iwo hhw.

ILA^Ir.PUtl.

a fitnal] forro, Wfii-n San^rAm saw that ho had no way to flee by, in noeonltutce with tliia couplet_

" In tims of when q« (Wey of) %ht. » luft,

Tfje lutnil Kin#! Iho «]fre of the hWp ewenl."’

A lij^ht took phuMj, and according to what waa ilecptscd, a bullet struck HAjii Man and he delivered hia soul to the Creator thereof, His men were defeated and a great numiser of them killed. The remainder, wounded, iibaii- iloiKsI their horses mid arms, and with a hundred aknns tscapcf] half-dead.

On the I7tli I niarthed from Saiigor, anti after proceeding kos came again to the Wllage of Ho^tlpfir. On the road u blue bull was killwl, Tliis village is one of the noted places in the Suhah of Malwa. It liiw umiiy vines and mango-treca without number. It tnw streams flowing on all aides of it. At the time I arrived there were grapes contmty’ to the season in width they arc in the Wilayat (Persia or AfghanifttauX Tliey were so cheap and plentiful tliat the lowest and meanest <‘ouJd get as much as they desired. The ^ppy hud dowered and showed varied cotoiira. In brieT there are few vilJages so pleasant. For three days more I halted in this i-illage. Tliree bloc btills were killed with my gun. Prom Ilasilpur on the 2list in tw-o marches J rejoined the big eump. On the road a blue bull

was killed. On Sunday, the 22nd, marching froru the neighbourhood of XAichft (Ealcliha?), I pitchfd at a Jake that is at the foot of the fort of Mandu, On that day the huntsmen brought news tluit they liod marked down n tiger within S kos. Although it was .Sunday, and on the.se two days. Viz. Sunday and Thursday, J do not shoot, It occurriid to tne that ns it is a noxious animal it ought to be done away ivitli. I proceeded towatila him. and when I arrivL-d at the place it was sitting

Ffaiq itm ^Mfuliiryia.

SKOOTS .1 TlUKH.

363

undfjr the of a tret. Seeiii^ its mouth, w-hicli

AVfts half open, from the back of the iitpluiiit, I hrijti my gun, 63 ^ chance it ttitered it^i mouth ami found a place in iU throat and brain p and Ita odkir wm finiHhtd with that one shot. After tins the people who were with me, although the}" looked for the plaec w’here the tiger was wounded, could not find it, for on none of ita limba wm there any aign of ji gnnahot wound. At la«t I ordtrid them to look in it« mouth. Fi^iii this it was evident that the bullet had ontend ita mouth and that it had been killed thereby* Mirm ItuHtuin had killed a nialc wolf and hrouglit ik I wished to whether its gall-bladder wa#i in its liver like that of the tiger, or like other animals outside its liver. After examination it was clear that the gall-bladder was a|.ejo inside the liver. On Monday, tlie 2^rd, when one ivatch had paKwd in a fortunate ascension and a benign Jjour,

[ mounted an elephant Mid approached the fort of irilndu. When a watch and three ghaiis of day hod poss^rd^ J entemi the houRCH w^hieh they had prepared for the royal aceoiii- modatioD. I scattered 1,500 mpecs on the w^ay. From Ajmir to Alandfi, 15!J koe, in the spime of four months and two days, in forty-six marches and seventy-eight halt?, had been traversed. In these fort^’-six marches our balks were made cm the bmkft uf tanks nr streams or large riveils in plcjiaant places wdiich were full of trees and popp}*-fields in fiofl’er, and no day passc-i] that I did not hunt while halting or travelling. Biding im horseback or on an elephant I came along the wdiole wii}- looking about and hunting, and none of the ilifikulties of travelling were expcriezieed ~ one might say that there was a change from one garden to another. In these huxithigs there were alwaj^s present with me Asaf Kban, Mirza Rnstam, Mir Miran, Anfriii^ HiduyatndUh, Raju Satung Deo, Sayjud K^fi, and litMiwivs IJ^han. Art before the arrival of the royal ritnudards in

U64

nriLiPisGs at JiAMiu.

regions I twd Bfiit ‘Ahdii-l-Karlm, the oreliitcct, to look to the repair of the biiiidings of the old nilere in Miinrifi, he during tlin time the ciiiiip halted at Ajniir hod repaired some of tJm old baiidings that were capable of rejMir, and Iiad altogether rebuilt soiiie phiee^i. |n short, he hail made ready a hopee the like of which for ploosBiitm&s and Bweetnesa has pmhihly not Ijceii inado anywhere else. Nearly 300,000 rupoea, or 2,000 Peraian tumaus, were expended on this. TJiere should be aueh grand buildings in all great ettiea os might be fit for royal accoramodation. This fort is on the top of a liiti 10 koH in circumference; in the rainy season there is tio place with the tine jiir and pleasAntness of this fort. At nights, in the season of the qathtir-i^md (Cor leonis or Regiilus. tho star « of lAio), it ia so cold that one cannot do without a coverlet, and by day there is no nt^ed for a fan (idrf-sa?). ‘I’liej say’ that before the time of lUja Bikraiii/ijSt there was a Rajii of the name of .lai Singh Deo. In iiis ttuip a a,un had gone into the Helds to bring gmss. While he was cufctit^ it, the sickle he had in Im Jiand appeared to \x of the colour of gold. When he saw that his sickle hail bwn trans¬ muted, he took it to a blacksmith of the name of Madaii* to be repaired. TIio blacksmith knew the sickle had been turned into gold. It Iind before thi.H bi^eij heard tlint there wiw in this country* the alchemists stone by contact with which iron and

copper l^iae gold. He immediately took the grass- eottcr with him to that place and procured the stone. After this he brought to the Raja of the time this pricclesa jewel. Ttie Raja by means of this stone made gold, and spent port of it on the buildings of this fort

‘iJ? *’■ ^ ’’fXh muir man delalh

la Ptaec’s Jah&aifjr, p. l«f. rte.

i *| «« itA No. IS] niid tha

r ^’^pasl « inmiKleit m dicpir

bnw got Itff um# im aL«o i, a.13>.

fiJOUY ABUUT A PHIH>!50F1IKK’^ ifTONK.

iind completed them in the space ol twelve yearti. At the ilei^iire ot that blacksmith he caiijeicd then) to cut mto the slmpe of an anvil iiiont of the ntonea that were to lx; built into the waJl of the fort. At the end of h\n lik, when hia heart had ^ven up the world, he held an OiHscmbly on tlio bank of the Narlmda, whkh jh an object of worship among the Hindus, and, asseiiihLltig brahmins, maile presents to each of caah and jewelsi When the turn of a bnshinui caiiie who had long Ijeen aa^sociated with him, he gave this stone into hU hand. He from igiionuice became angry and threw tlie pricelexs jewel into the river. After he eame to knoa" the true state of the affair lie was a captive to perpetual sotTow. However mucli he Hcarchcd, no trace of it was foundi Thewe things are not written in a iMXsk; they Imve been lieard, but niy intelligence in no vfay accepts thia story* It appears to me to be all dcIuaiotL ^lauda^ Ls one of tbe famous Sirkara of the Subflh of Malwa. Lt^ revenue in k^BO.OOG dams^ It w^aa for a long time tbe capital of the kings of tliis country. There are many biiildiuga and traces^ of former kings in it^ and up till now it has not failan into ruitu

On the 34th I rode t4) go round and see the buildings of the eld kiiigSp and w-ent tirst to tlie Jami* moaqucp w’hieh is one built by SuMn Hudiang QbhrL A very lofty building came to view, aU of cut stone, and although }m yearu Imvo paosed since the time of its build ingp it isi aa if tbe builder had just withdrawn hia liand from it. After tliis I went to tlie buiJdmg containing the tombs of the iQialjl rulera* The grave of Nasiru-dnJiii, m:m of SultTiii Glii 3 ^u-d-dju^ ivho^ face is blackened for ever, was also there. It is well known that that wretch advanced himaclf by the murder of hia own father, Qhiyft«u-d-dfn, who was in his 80tb year. Twice

^ EUiol. %f. 34it»

TiiK PAurcicrDKi

Iki gave hi PI poiscii. und he twice expelled it hy loean.^ of It ziihr-muk-m (poiaon uiitklotOp bc?xjaF) he had on his arm. The third tiTiie he mixed poison in a cup of «herbfd and gave it to his^ father with his own h&udp ftajring he must drink it. As Ids father understood W’hnt effoiis he wAs^ making in tliis mat ter, he loosened the sahr’iiiiihra from bis ami and threw’ it before hizn^ and then turning his face in humility and supplicatjon tow’ardh tho throne of the Creator, who requires no supplication, said: ‘“O Lorth iny ago has arrived at 80 yeai’S, and I have passed this time in prosperity and happiness such as has lioeri attained to by no king. Noiv as tliis zh my last time, I hope that Tlion wilt not Na^Er

for my nnmler, and that reckoning my death as a thizig decreed Thou wilt not aveiigo it.” After he had spoken these w’ordhp he drank off that poisoned eup of sherbet at a giiilp and delivered his lifml to the Creator. Tlic meaning of lii.s prcamblo was that he Iiad po^etl the time of reign in enjoyment such m ha^n not 1)eeii attained to by any of the kings. When in his 48th year ]ie oanie to the throne, he said to liis intimates and those near liinn “In the service of inj’ revered fatlier I have pasaefi thirty years in warfare and have committed po fault in my activity m a soldier; now that my turn to I’cign has arrived, I have no iiitezition to conquer countries, \mi deairu to pass the remainder of my life in eoee and cnjojTiient." They say that lie had collecte<i 15*000 women in his liarem. Ho had a w’hole city of them, and had made it up of oil castes, kinds, and descriptions^ artificers, inagiHlratcs, qoria, kotw’als, ajjd whatever ehk’ is nece^iiy for the admiiiistmtion of a town. Wherever he heard of a virgin po$ses£^ of beauty, he would not desist (lit did not sit down from his feet) until he pofiBcssed her. He taught the girls all kinds of arts and crofta, and was much inclined to hunt. He liad made a deer park and collected all kizidH of auinmls in it.

aULTJlN Gm\ASV^D-mS\

m

Hf! usiid to hunt in it with IiLr women. In briof, in the pferrod of Lhitty-two yeais of his reign, m he h&d deteriuintdi^ he went ngainst no enemy find piLssed thin time m ciifik; atid enjoy men t In the SAiiie way no one invaded luH country. It Ls reported tli&t when Shir Khan, the Afgliaii, in the time of hw rule, came to tlie tomb of Njifliru-d*din^ he, in of hb hrutbh iiAtiire,

on iioc.‘Otuit of Nftsini-d-cUiiR .^Imineful e^Jiiduct, ordererl tJie head of the tomb to be Ixjiiten with sticks, Als^i when I went to hb tomb I fjave it sevenil kieks, and ordered the servants in atfendiincc on me to kick the b>inbr Xot syntbBed with tlii^, I ordered the tomb to l>e broken open iLiid his jnipiiii.^ reriinins to be thrown into the fire. Tlieii it oocnr™! io me that since tire b Li^htp it was a pity for the Ll^lii of Allah to he polluted with baniing his filthj" body; also, lc«t thcr^^ should be any diiniiiiition of torturo for him in another Htjite fmni bein^ thus burnt, I ordered them to llirow bi^ eruiiibled boiies, tog’ether wttb his deaiyeil limbs, into the Xarbad/L During his lifetime he alwiiyH passed liirt days in the WAEer in coiise«]iiencu of the heat that had ue(|uitTd a maHtery over liia tempo ramcnL It is well known that in a Ktate of drunkeunese^ he once threw himself into one of the basins at KiUiyfulahap which was very deep Some of the attendants in the han?ni exerted tbcuuselves ami caught bin isair in their hands and drew him out of tlie w^ater. After he lutd come to liLH senses they told him thjit this thJn^ luid ImppeneiL When ho had Iieiml that they liad pulled him out by the hair of his head, ho became exceeding]}^ iiiigrj% and ordered the IiandH of the at kndantH to be cut ofll Anoibar time, when an atlkir of tliis kind took plac^, no one bad the IwldnesH to pull him out and ke was drowned. By chance, after 110 yearw had iiaaised siiiee hb death, it came to pass that liis decayed llmha ako Waiue mingled with the water.

‘APIL KJIAS or BUIPUR.

(>i» th« 2Hth, as a re wal’d for tlie buildin^‘H of MApdfi havinj;: bfeti cotiiploted through his excolJcut exertions, I promoted ‘Abclad-Karim to the rank of «00 peimoiial and 400 horse, and digiiified him with the title of Ma’mhr Isifuj (the aroJutect-fOmii), On tlie (snijio day tlwt the royal standards entoml the fort of Mfuidu, my son of lofty fortune, Sultan Sltumun, with tlie victorious army, ctitered the dty of BurJianpur, which is the seat of the governor of the province of Khandesh.

After some days, representutions came front Afoal lihaii iind the Ray Riiyiin, to whom at the time of leaving Ajtnir my wn liod given leave to accompany tlie amhassador to ‘Adil Kbim, reporting tJiat when the news of our coming reached ‘Adil Khnn he came out for 7 ko« to uieet the order and the litter of the prints?. onJ per¬ formed the duties of salntatiou and respect which are customary at Court lie did not omit a imirs fajiut of such ceremonies. At the same interdim’ lie professed the greatest loyalty, and promised that he would restore all those provinces that ‘Amljar of dark fate had taken from the victorious State, and agreed to send to the Court uith all reference a fitting odering with his anilias,sadora. After saying this he brought the anibaasadors in all dignity to the place that hod been prepared for them. On the some day he sent some one to ‘AmliAr with n mesoagu of the matters it wais ncceosaiy to acquaint him with. I heard this news from tlio reports of Afzal Ktian and the Ray Kiiyan,

From Ajmir up to Monday, the 23rd of the aforesaid ‘ month, during four months, 2 tigers, 27 bine bulls.

6 cAWtif (spotted deer), dO deer, 23 haresi and foxes, and 1,200 water-fowl and other animals liad been killed. On these nighta I told tite story o-f my former huntmg expeditions and the liking I liad for this occnpolion to

’ Mooday, ttw 33nl WwKUrtnofc the day whkh he iDBchcd

^LLodo. It WM fkhout tlw flth Moidi, 1617.

W.VME-JIAO,

tJitwc (it thi’ fwt of tin- thronn of thi? CiJipImte.

It occiimHl to me tlint I niij^ht innke up the iiccuuni of iii 3 » from the comiiienccntent of my ji’eum of

(liiicretioii up lo the pnsctit time. I mscortlinijly |itive orders to the oews-wKlcrs. the hmit-atcQunloiiti, and iuiutKinen, iind others employed in thiH service to mako t’iji|uines (Hid Uil) me qf all the (Hiimals tluU hod lieej* killed in Iiuntin^j, It wiis fthowii that from the com- uifiicemeiit of inj’^ ]2(li year, which wtm in 988 <1580), up to the end qf this year, which U the Uth year after my iicctsMioii and iiiy SOth lunar year, 2g,532 head of jjaiiic hud been taken in my prcaeiica. Of theae, 17 , 1(37 (iJumalH I kiJlid myself with fny Jiifiin or otherwiac. viK,: Quadruju’ds, d,20d j vm,, tigeof Ht> ; bears. eheetaliN, foxes, qttern (difftF’hYo), and hyocna.‘j, 0; blue hulls, 889; m/ulka, a spedes of iinteiope. In wie etjua) to a bhn- hull, ;j,!i head; of atite^lopi?, luale and female, r/jiJhlftt, chiinl, mountflhi goats, etc.. I,fi70‘: mms and rxaJ dtrt’r, 215; wolves, 04; wild buflaloea, 30; pigs, 90; ttitif/, 20 ; inuUJitaiii sheep, 22 ; .32 ; wild cases, 0 ;

hares, 23. Birds, l3,0i!4; viz., pigwns. 10,348; %ur- jhagtir (a sjicciiai of hawk), 3; eaglea, 2 ; ijutitnaj (•MHinTj, kite), 33 ; owda (ehu^nl). 30 ; ijnutdii (goJd- Hiich ?). 12; kites (laasA-ZrAjcitr, niTec^eaters), 5; sparniwa, 41 ; dov(!H, 25; owls (hflm), 30; dticks, geese, emnns, etc., 150; crows, 3,270. Aijuatic oniiuals. If) muifnr macliAu, that is, crocodiles - (nuAuny),

’ The .St&a. liare t.UTS.

■ S«i ZvEHolt Ti^ 1151 Wfcl 3^ Hole. go]/ givaii dECnitu of ihc

tipJltj iinitiMiih kilEcd by Tha In m f!]«nciJ

iirrOF for Thu taut myn it in U* tbn but Ihe

MHW* bave a witJ luw. Tho <iotiulii of tlm 4 )iiiid;nip«l|i txanw

Ebc tPUJ htAU’^i by Tho dotai]/! of tbv binl« f:pQiiH! to

13 ,tK’’ 4 , hat iLc II) crocodib^t hrfe^ up Uta to mad tbo

tDla.1 4- CDDkM to tb«i I7»l07 meatjaa^. [t bnn

KhI«<1 l*> tne dint ih*^ wvJbilil dl iJkS ttxi ib ibe rmeA^ or jrwamjyilc^r »f the Twaij

n

37U ^VAV YKm rj[lf:»HIBlTlOxV W TtHlAOCa. .

(I^H>: TwEi.mi New Year’s Fe^ AtTTER Mir

AUSPICIOUS Acces^ici^

Oim gluiH of duy reiimiiitKl o£ Monday, tliij tlOth of tlie afotVHjLirJ (l.«iffuidJyar) moiithp corriyiponding to thu 12th Itahrii-I-Awwalp 1020 (20th March, 10IT), when thi- suii changed from the coiisiollatiOR of PjJiccs into the pli-A«iiTe-hinit«’ of Arie», which ia his abode of honour mid gcjod fortune. At the very tiiue of tninfiit, which was ii fortunaUi hour, I 8at upon the throtie. 1 Iwd ordertwl that according to the usual custom they aliuuld dm^rute the publie aizdienco hall witli lizie eloilis, etev NotwitliBtanding that laany of the Anura and chief men of the State in attendance oil my son t£hurrani,

a meeting was arnittgeil rhich was not inferior to those of [jre vioiiH ye^rs^ I presenteii the otteriugz^ of Tuesday ^ t<j Anand lUian. (in the same day* which was thi^ 1st Far ward! n of the 12th year (;21afc or 22nd M^ir chp liilT), a represenlAtion amvwj from Sbilh Sihurram to the eHect tliat the New YeaFft festiA^al hart beiin arnmgieil for in the aaine iiianiier as in previous years, but ns the days of travel ling and seiwice had occurred the annual orferingM of the servantfl would be remitted. This pro¬ ceeding of niy mii was inucls approved. Remembering my de^r ai>n in iiiy pra 3 ‘‘ets, 1 besought for him from the throne of Allah his welfare in botli worlds, and ordervei that on thi.s New YetiFa Day no one should present ode rings.

Ill consequence of the disturbance that tobacco brings about in taust tempomments and constitutions^ 1 hiill oribrcd tlmt no one should smoke it (lit. <iraw). Sly brother Sbilh ^Abh^ had also become aware of the ijiiHctiicf arising from jt, and Imd ordered that iti Imn no one should venture to Bmokfi-. As Khan ‘A!am

*■ Tha MSS. bate iturtnd <4 TtUuhiay, and tbia nwnia muwn>

abla. Ter tt«« were na arUDriDL^ en Tuf^Uy

HUOOTXNG 4)F A LION*

m

(^lUiilmsj^dor to Persia) iFiiti without cdntml in conthiiiftl KiDokin^ of tobiiee.‘soK he frequently pm<rtiiM?d it, Yaid^r *Ali Sq^tlin^ arnhiL^dor of the ruler of Imu, irpreseutixi to Sb^h *Abljsi» that “Aluni cN-mld imvor be a iiionietit.

without tobajccG. and he (^ah Abbifl) wrot this couplet in answer—

■ T\m\ friend’ll envio^r wiabc I* eithlbii t^Luec t

With liuiin I Sight U|p Uie U^tiiiOTl-lntirkct."

Khrin “Alain in nnswer wrote and sent this vense—

‘■ I, IkKHt wretch, Wiku iiiiMmLU!i tut liits notk’Q ^

By rho jLi’fit. SJiAli"n fuvDiir tha t^iiiiacco iTiiiiTkGt hrink.^

Oil the plrd of tile same mouthy lltinahi Be^j the tliwan of Heiiffiih had the good fortune to kiss the threshold, zuid made an offering of twelve cdephaiitn^ male iiiid female. Xhhir« liaklishi of Bengal who had been aetuaed of seveml oflRsicrs, obtained the favour of paying his respects to me, and presented before me an offering of twenty^nr elephants, I’welvo of these were approved and the n>malnder I oonfetrexl on him. On this day a wine- feast Weis arranged, and I gave wine to most of the Bervants who were engaged in waiting on nnv and made them all heated with the wine of Eoy’aity. On the 4tli the huntsmen sent news that the 3 ” had marked doum a lion in the tieigfatxiurhood of the Shakkar^ tank, which is inside the fort, and one of the fiinious romstructlomi of the rulers of ilalwa. I at once mounted and w’ont towards that game. When the lion appeaml he charged the ahadis and the retinue and wounded ton* or twreJve of them. At last I finished hia busineHS with throe shots* (lit, arnowa) from ti^y giin, and removed his evD from the servants of God. On the 8ili the mariHnb of Mir Mirau, wddeh w^m 1,000 per^niil and 400 horsop was

• Text* BekMT. New Etumlly n^sJkd tbe mj* tjtnk\

“I Xhib MSS. oflSr Altaic of twelve

• Tbe MSS, limn ta iiHireVj ^ * wilh bcLileta.’

PEIitsllXT^.

ttt 1,500 persDnui and 500 hon^. Oo this IHb, the requeist of my won Khiirraiii, I lucimeed the niiuir^ilj of K.hiii> Jaliiui by 1,000 pc^TBomL aud hotse^ tDakiti^ it ttiim OfcOOO pcrsoml and Uoft^ ; that of y*i“qLtb Khiin, which w&A 1,56)0 pemoiiiil with 1,000 horntp wsIsH iiitidc 2^000 per^jiin] and 1^500 htirae; that of Bahlul Khan Miyana^ witH incr^.‘Mii.aed by 500 pc^rwnal and 000 horso to 1,500 pon«mAl and 1,000 horiie ; a^iul that of Alirzn ^iatafii-d-djii Krmllgliarh by wliani ainl hia son iptyat brawoiy iiad !kh.hi H hown in the Lk+ecarip was increosh-’d to 1,500 (>ers4>ria] iinrl 1,000 horse. On the? lOth Far ward in, iMjrroHpoiidiiitf with the 2-lnd Rabi nd-awwah l02ih luy lunar weighLnj;^ took plact’- On tins day two from my

private ntable and a drep« of honour w^ere oonfem-d ou nsy Rliurrani and Hcntta liitii b3” Bahrura Beg. I increased the nianBab of Mibir muln to 5,000 penu^tml atid ^,000 horse. On the 1 Lth, fiiiBala Beg, of Tabriz, wdioni the ruler of Imii hud sent to the ruler of Guleondia yciiy uf enihinasy. as, in ooiise^pionce of the quarrel of tlie Frankii with the Persians, the road of tins Mir had been elofu^ ■ wnite^I u[Kin iiic with this ainhaMnarlor of the niler of Goleonda. Olferingfi came from him of iw’o horses and some fiif/its* (nine-pieces ?) of doth from the Derain and Oujfimt. On the same day an ‘Iraq horses from my private stable was beatowtxl on Kiian Jahim. On the L5th, 1,000 pLirsqnjil were added to the man^b of RAja Bliuo Singh, raising It to 5,000 penional and 3^000 hoTiM?* On the ITth, 500 horse were added to the inansali of Mtrzfl Buhtaiij, and I njade it up to 5,000 i^iTsonal and FOOD horse; that cjf SAtliq Kiian was lixed at 1,500 personal Jiiid 700 !ior«e, original atirJ incnca.’^e; lindat IGiaii In the same maimer was ralsts:! to the inan^h of 1,500 and

• fij^Ann th text,

• Tlwt H, Mpixireiitlyk Ua> jcHimry back hy frrjnj ihe DtJdrart. Tlia

_ Icmvm tfmm icuteiicl c^F l.hlnLitl, ami i&y the rflut* hy wan

-loAcd. Ferhupa the ^ Hir ct t«xt la a mihUike for *hy

• mwss itinc in TnrkJ.

I

1

KSCAI’JS OF AFFAIRS OF RK^XOAL* 373

600 horwc. To tKe mmmh of AnlnVi 5(KJ pers<jiial nnd I 100 liorH<i w4*rR iidcknl, and it ^yn^i miide nne of I,oCK)

p^iwnol ond 500 horse. Three of the

iDlh, remained when the begioniiig of the (day of

p auTh^s culmitmtion) oocuired, and at the aamvi time L og&in

^ took my seat on the throne. Of the thirty-two pri»onerH

from the army of the nibel ^\mblr who had been Cftpturwi hy the aervanta of the viotoriou!!i State hi the liattlc won by Shah-nawaz IQuln and the defeat of thikt diaaKtrous man (‘Ambar), I had handed une niAXi over to I-thiAd liJhnn. The ^ards who had been Appointed to keep hi til showed eareles^nes^ and let him J wiifl much annoyrd at this, and J forlmdo rtfc^ik) Khan Ui come to wait on me for three months^ As the said i prisoners naiiie and condition were onknown^ bis wan

not CAUj^ht a^in^ al though thty sliowed attivity in the iiiAtter. At last I ordeied the captain of the ^lards who J>a<1 laien caieless in keeping him to be capitnlly punislkd. Ttiijad Kliau on this day, at tiie feqtiesi of I’tim/idu-d-ciaulah^ h^ld the good fortune to pay his \ i‘n;ip?ct^ to me.

for A lon^ tlnie no go^MJ had been heard of the ^ affairs of Bengal and of the conduct of (^siui Rhiin,

^ it enterod my mind to scrid to the Sabnh of Bengnl

Ibtiihiiu Klmn Fatb-jangT who Jnid caixiefl on successfully’ the aftkirs of the SnViah of Behar iirid had brought a diamond iniii*; iiito the poftss^ion of the State, and to despatch Jahangir Quli KMn, who hatl a ja^r in the Suhah of Alhrhaiuic!^ in Jiui place lo Behar. 1 sent for I Qnsini fOiaij to Court. At the same hour on the

auspicious day (the day of culmiriation) an order was given tJuit they- should write royal fartuan^ to the efTcet tliAt (reVenue collectors) ahould be Appoints

’ to t^ike Jah^ngtr Quli Khan to Behar and to st^nd Ibrahim

IQian F«tt“jang to Beng^ip Patronijsing SikandarJ the

• Tl’je L 0. >^Vkn l ha.yc 8«lcalal^ w 84kkAkki)4iiir«

I

ivtl PPR:5rAy AMBASSADOR I^EPARTS.

jewdlt.T+1 promoted him to the inansab of 1,000 jKrsontil and 500 hoiiie.

Ou the 21st I leave to Mubamti^ad Rim.

iiinhaf^idDr of tJic rubr of Iran, and heatowed on him 00,000 darbs, equal to 50,000 rupeea, with a dreaa of hononr* Ah an equivalent to the souvenir (yad-bUrH) that niy brother Shfth ^Abb«a had sent to ine^ I forwardtid with the afon^aaid anilMiasodoF certain presents of jewelled things which the rulen of the Decjean had sent, w^th cloths and tare things of eveiy kind fit for presentation, of the value of 100,000 riipeca Among these waa a crystal cup that Chelebi ^ hiid sent from ‘Iraq. ITfie S\mh IumI seen this cup and aaid to the amba^dor that if hia brother (Jahftnglr) would drink wine out of it and send it to liini it vronid be a great mark of affectioDp When the ainlxisstidur represented this, having

drunk wine scA^eral times out of the cup in hb* presence, I ordered them to nuike a lid and a saucetr for it ural fKMit it along wdth the preaents. The lid was of enamel (mEtiji-itiilH), I ordered the Munshia of mcrcuruil writing to WTite in due form an answer to the letter lie had brought.

On the 22nd the scouts brought in news of a tiger. Counting immediately, I went against the tige^ and with three shota 1 delivered the people from his wjckcflrjcsa.and hiiaaclf from the vrickednesa of his vib nature. Moslbu-s?- ^mikn pn>fjuccd liefoTo mo a cat, and vcpreaentcd that it was a hermaphrodite, and that in his houew it had yoimg ones, an<l that when it liad comieetimi wHtli another eat, young w era bom to the latter.

On the 25tli the contingent of r^tiinoduHJ^dauIah pivs^od before me in review’ on the plain under the jharoka. There were 2,000 cavalry well liorsedp inotat of whom

• h aiJfHim tmm *Ahl4A^Ni klAer i^ Jiklunglr liTaruW, p llW) tliftt Mtthftiniiuid HanoiD CbelcVpl lull bwfi atn|i]dy«l by ta coElac^t

curicH In fVtwiii.

XpR’JAllSN S^ilOOTS rOVK

:J75

wure >[oghul!s, 5(K) Foot ftmiwi witli bows iinil },rdiw, ai«J fourteen clephftnta. TFie bukhaWs reekoncd ihcni up and reported that this force was fully equipped and accortlinp to rule* On the 2fitU a tigress was killed, (ki Tbitredayi. llie l«t UrdiliihUht, a diutnonri tlmt Mnqiirrab Khiiu hiid sent by runners was laid before me; it weiglied 2H mtrfifit iiud tli<‘ jowellens %’alued it at UO.OOO mpeeft It was a diAtiiond of the first water, and w*is much approval.

J ordered tlient to make a ring of it. On tlie Urd the luansitl) of Ymiuf was. at tin? reqnt‘St of Baba

l^burmin, fixed at I,0(K) with 1,500 lior«r, and in the same way the maitHahs of JMsveml of the Annrs aii<l niAnKiilalnrs were increased at his sugjjeation. On the I tit, os the hnutsmen luvl marked down fonr tigers, when two w’atchca and three gharis had poiascd I went out to hunt them with my ladies. tMmn tlie tigem came in eight Nur-JaliAti Begatu fuihn>ittcd that if I would order her she herself would kill the tigere with her gun. I said, ‘Let it be so.” She shot two tigers with one allot each and knocked ov’er the two others with four shots. In Ihe twinkling of an eye slie deprived of life the bodice of these four tigers. Until now sneh shouting was nc^‘or seen, that from the top of an uhipliant and inside of a how<lah ComdrO six shots i-hould be niadi: and not one misa, ho that the four beasts found no opportunity to spring or move. As a reward for this good shooting I g?ive her a jaiir of bracelets* (/siAit’ncAs) of diamonds worth 100.000 mpees and scattered 1.000 aaJmitis (over her). l)n the Slune day .Ua’iufir iQian (the arehitect-

’ N’ote liy Styjid AIiibiuI. They i«y llval a Jiool Kciwil ihw itnpnHU|vtU eoopl^Mi—

TlkHfugh KflrwJBduifi U? in fwrto a wfinaasi.

In the raak^i <4 tpf^n nhn’s M

’n»H tjoint of ttiiiik oouplut kt ihmt btforp Nilir Jaiian unlwd

Bite wife of ihto Ums m»y

ai-vi t^d lu bBlLtlo nhn a nmn-nmitfir and h tSger al*jrfrr/’

• The tro T,0. MSfi hate a f^r nf p«ir]* md a. diMiNond/’

ST 6 AfTOIjrriTESTH. A C>:r-EtlRATKP aLL’SfClAX,

Klum) obtAinc^] Itsiive to to LnliDro to complete the building of tho pabce ttiere, Qo the IGtIi the denth of S^yyirl Wftri«. wiio was fekojdar of the Subali of OudLi. WdH reportocL Od the l^th, as !l|ir oh keel for

a fnujctarHbip, I cjig:iufied him with the title of Tahawwur K.l.ifin, andp liicreiiudnjT hin maimabp Appoiut-ed Jiim to the faujdarHfnp of Home of the pjvi^mhs of tlie Subiili of Multan, On the ^2ndp Taliir, the IjakliKlii of Bengah who hod boon forbidden to pay h iA re^ipecta , will ted upjii iuo jiiid prosenU’<1 hin olferinj^ Eight olepbanhH were

also premieuted as tlie offering of Kiian* governor

of Bengal^ and two os thilt of Shiiikjj ModbiX On the *28th, at the re<[iieHt of Kiiaia Duorun. an order \vu^ given for the increase of the maiiHab of ‘Abdu-l-Aziz iihaw by 500. On the 5tli Kburdad t\w duty of the Diwunsbip of Gujarat wus given to Mir^V Husain in Huperce^ioii of Kejdirx I dignified him with the title of Kifuyot KJiriii. On the htli, Lo^kar Khann who had been appointid

fmkiudti of BangaHb. came nod w^aited on me : he offerer! iOO niuhrs and 500 rupees. Some davA liefore thiH ClsUhl Mubainmar] Nilyi (flute-player)^ who w^oh unei|iijilfed in his craft, wju? sent by tny aori Kiiunain at my summons. I liad l^eard aome of his musical pieces^ and

lie playeil a tune wbieb ho had compo^Hl for an ode in iny name. On the 12th 1 ordered him to !)e weighed agaiiLst rupees; this came to mpeoa,

I akci gave him an cdepbaiit with a hnwdab/and I ordered him to ride iin it and, having packed* Jiis mpeeN about

him, to proceed to his lodging. Mnlla the story-

^ 11n?tv U ft fuller ftOffCprunt of thin iti Price*ji ^TeJilngrr.

S- The TMhxly which he in Uklv^nglriN Hfljnn ui thcra

caiird hy FVif» 8ftta Jfthiti^irh I The text clotH not g^ivo th» atkmo Jnhin^lrL) 1% ift thcro ntALiMl that StjAh +fftiMi4l tha

wLlJi hiiii From Burhuojiur inlrtKlq^l hmL

• /fmu^m-ddrt, * wllh a- liaNici>nhftp«l litltf oa it/

» The wiod ^noftlUsneU/ dww no% oecttr ia tto I.O. AlSa But

tK^riUpfl tVw word tuftA IWC Op|HXLW mCAZlLDgft.

umTEU WKIOHKP. SUNGOltfi.

:J77

teller, one of the wendJith of ilir/ii (iliissi, wme on lb<! 6ame ilay from TattnU niiJ waited on iiiv, A» He wna ft reciter imd »tory-teller full of nweetne** and Ktiuu’tiusa, 1 liked hU society* ntid I tiuidc liiuv lia|»j>y with the title of Slftbftu? KHhu. fttid gave him l.OOO nipfeft, a draw of iKuiour, ii Iiorue, an I’lephant, iind a |nilan<iuin. After Home duys 1 ordered him to be wdglied againat ropeea, ami hiH weiglit came up to +,‘WKI. He whh ruiiwd bi the niuimb of 200 pemuuvl and 20 hotut*. I orderetl him ahvaya to Ix! present at the iiieetinga for bilk , Dti the Hatne day Liidikai’ l^an brought his iiten to the thir^an before »nu, Tlu-w- were SOO horee.

14 elepHante, and lOO mnsketeerH* On the 24ih news eaiue that Mnlia Singh, grandnoii of Raja Alan Singii, who was enterad among the great officers, JumI dhid from ejicesaive wiaC’dritiking at Balapuf in the proiiiico of Berar. llifl father also had dterl at the age of 32 * from the drinking of wine lxyond imraMurt-, On the same day they had brought to iny private fruit-liouHe many mangoea from all parts of the province of the Deccan, Burhanpur, Oujarat, and the pai^analiB of Halwa, Although this previiicv is well knomi and celehmteil for the sweetness, fnHdtHn fnmi stringiaess, and mne of its inaiigoesi, iiud there are few mangowi that equal ito mangoes- so mueh so that I often urflercl them to lx* weighed in my presence, when they were shown to come to a seer or 1J seer or oven iitonj—yet in sweetnews of water and delicious tlavour and digcwtiWhty the maiiK(X-s of Cliapmmau,* in the province of Agm, are Huixrioi to all the nmrigore of this province and .d all otiicr ill InJiu-

On the 2Hth I sent for my son Balm Klmrrani a sja’Cial gold-embroidered nUdivi of a fineut>ss such as had never

’ r»tbw anti wn di«l «« the ^ ^ i ,•

• tr in s»rltr Qnrsmi ‘ GhiViunna *•

iiJ, 3*", anti b fn yamtkHabad tlinuiei.

jAiiAYofit I’fiAy.s roit katn.

‘.m

bet-n pralucot] hefotu in my eNUblinhuient; I oitlert’d t]it‘ b.-arer to tcIJ Jiiin that an thi« rarity hiul tlio speciality thai I bail worn it m tho day I quitted Ajtnir for tlio eonqqeat of tho Deccan, I lind sent it to hiiji. On tUc ftaiiio day I placed tiia tnrlmii fmin my oavii head, just as it wns, on the head of r timadii’d-daulah, and lioiiuqrcd liim with this favour. Three i-hiendds, a piece of jewelled and a ruby siffnet ring tliat MaJifilMi. Khiin had Fjeut hy way of offering wen; laid kforo qie. Tiiey eatiie to 7,00(1 nipeca in value. On this day. by the nierey and favour of Allah, continued rain fell- Water, in Mandf] had beeonie very scarce and the people were agitated nlxint the matter, so tJiat most of the servants liad been ordered to go to the hank of the Narbada. There was no expectation of niin at that aoason. In consefjiience of tlic agitation of tiie people 1 turned by way of supplication to tho throiio of (Jod, and He in His luoray and grace gave such min that in the course of a day aud a night tanks, ^wnds {birhihH}. and rivem hcMnime full, and the agitatinii of the people was ehnnged to contplete ease. With what tongue can 1 render thunks for this favour? On the 1st of Tir a standard was preset!^ to Wazir Khan. The offering of the Ronu, consisting of two homes, a piece of Oqjarati clotli, and some jam of pickles and preserves, wsa laid before me. On the ;lrii, Slu’av/i *(f) brought news of the capture of ‘AlKind-Latif, a descendant of tlie rqlcm of Gujarat, who luid always been the originator of mischief and diaLurhojice in tliat .Subafi, As his capture was a reason for the

cootetitmrnt of the pi.-tiple, pruiae was given to God. and I ordered .Mqqflri-ub Klmn to send him bj Court

’ ifi dtB niaw (,r lui AfKiBm <» cc1i».n»l nvmtili, IVuLnlilv Jr

^ ronntfi.’tpd will, the Amhic IraotlLn^r ijuiekly.’ It nay the eune of a warisf, or merely ftwan’qafckly.* or

PKoai msdAU

by one of big ru^kasabcbirs. Many of tin* ^^iriindars in the innffhbotirhood of Mhndu tiamo and vrmUxl on uni, and laid ofleringa before me. On tbo 8th. Rilni Dfts, mn s)f fliLja Itlj Singh Knchhwikha, was given tlio ^EJbet of a Haja, ani] I honoured hiiu with tluat title. Yildgur Beg, who was known in Miiwam’u^n-nahr (TmuH^ixiana) OR Yadgar Qunehh nnd had not Wti without contieetion and inlllienee with the ruler o£ that country^ came and waited on me. Of oil his offerings a white ohina enp on a aland wajs the most approvefi. The oHering of BaJifidnr KhaUp governor of Qatidahar, coiLHiatijig of nine honses, nine tuqUz of line cloth {81 pieces ?), two black foxes’ akinSp and other thingSp was brought before me. Also on til is day the Raja of tiadeha, PenP Narayaii, had the good foiTune to wait on me, and made a a offi^riiig of Hoven elephants, ruaSo and female. On the lOtli a liurKc jiiwJ dress n£ honour were given to Yildgar QurciiL On the I8tli was the feast of rose-water scattering (V^u^^/>-pfiaAaa)H Tl^e rites duo to tliat day were performed. ^laikh Matidild Chi^iti, one of the oifieers of Bengal, wna honoured with the title of Chishti Khan, anej I presented him with a horse. On the I4thp Kawal SainarKi (Sim)ars]ipha),son of Kalwal Oday Singh^zaiiiindar of Bauswala, waited on me; he gave as ofle^ring 80,0iK) rupees, three eJephants. a jewelled pau-ddn (box for Ixitel), and a jew^dled belh On the loth nine dianioiids which Ibnihim ^an Filth-jAiig, the governor of BeJiar, Iiad sent along with Mulmnniiad Beg from the mine, and from the collections of tlic mraindiuH of that phice, w’Gre laid before me. Of tliese, one w^ciglicd 14| tanks, and was of the value of 100,000 rupees. On the saime day Yadgar QCnchi was preflcnl<.*d with 14.000 durlRi,

• it fih&iU Bliim; «« iV™-

Oodhria Khsiidr^h; rsw Uf<^rfen Book ik£ p.

It La tho rtf J.i:., T, Ana oEie Bhil Sa Ihv

Ddnjf TriLi2t.

min J A Han’s

uiid 1 promoted hini to tK^-: uiuniMib of 500 pL^nKinnl and ^^00 hoT>Mi. I the Toan^b of Tatar Khiin^

h&hJuml-bciji (elitef liteward), and Inercffiie, at

2^000 peiiionaJ jujd .J-OO fioracp and each ui hifj aoivi wa^ isepamtely pt^jmoted to an jnjiiLSali. At the

rei|ue.st of Priiicse Sul pin Farwl^^ I iiiereaf^iHj the pei>iomJ uiaimah of Wftssir Klmn by 500.

^>n tlie 29 th, which m%B the au^spieioiiH day of nuii"?K 3 a 3 V “Abdudhih BArha, tlio envoy of iiiy mn of good fortimcp Baba KlmrraNi, waited cui me, and prijiseiited a letter from thflt i^on containing iicw?i of a victory over the pnovinceft of the Dectiui^ All the chiefj?, laying the head of doty in the noui§e of obdlknce, had consented to 8t‘rvice and huinilityp and laid before him the koyii of forts and strongliold.H, especially the fort of AhiiiaduLLgtLr. In gratitude for this great fav’oiir and benelieence, placing the head of Huppltcatioii on the thniuie of that Ciod wJjo rec|uirea no return^ 1 opl■OL^d ni}” h|jH in thankfujnc$d.H andp liutiibling luyst’lf, ordered theoi to beat the druios of rejoicing. Umitks be to Allah that a tcrrihjry tJsat had ptiNsecl out of hand ha« cotiio baick into the pcMftseasiou of the acrvanti^ of the vic^orioiiH State, and tliat tht^ iHslitions, who had bi-on breathiijg tlie hix^atli of reixfllion and iKMiHting, have tiirofni townrdtt supplication und weakn^, and become deiiveiierft of prtjpeftiea and ptiyera of tribute. this news reached me through Nfir- .lahun Bogain, I gave her the pat^nah of Bctda (“PtwlA f the reveutie of which Is 200,000 mpei*^ Please Cod, when the victorious fora-s enter the province of the I>cH,‘can and its fortSp and the mind of my cjtcullcnt min thumnn fk siitititit^ with re^gard to their pos«e«siou, he T^ll bring with the ainbcLsaadors e»uth an ofTering from

[* TIipr3 Wofl A in Su-lE^r .Marrwif in AIaIwAh but lOi rerenue

waft unly Inibft or ibunn ji, The twn LO. ilSB.

onH Uelii r^aulV EtiuUi I’orsion have Toi|l^ T*# Ajmir^

H^tembher ila revuntio m Akbar**k titflia wm H kklw of

rnjHm iJureltt ilp 275M

m

Deccan or no other kin^f oi this sfjc hus reet^ived, It was oixkrcd that he nhonld hritig with him the Ainirn who were to receive jagira in this Subali, in oi-dc^r that they might Jiave the honour of waiting on me. They will thereafter get leave to depart, and the glorious royal Rtandartis will it^tuni n-ith victory and rejwcing to the capital of Agn*. Some days before the news of this victory readied me, 1 took ono night an augury from the diwan of Kl^waja IlAh^ an to what would be the i*nd of this affair^ and this ode tunifx! up—

“ The day of and nig’lat of parting fitMn frieiwl are nW.

I Imk 1^19 nu^ary s Llis ^tor abU rolhRaiEni.

When the Hi’Crtt tongue {tiAdn^i-l-yhnib) of showed Huch an ending it gave me a atrong liope, and accordingly after tweiity-hvc days, the news of victory arrived. In many of my dcsirea I have resorted to the |JJ>wajas diwan, and (generally) the result lias coincided with what I found tilers. It is seldom that tlw oppoail^ hiis happened.

On the saline day 1 added 1.000 to the mojiiab

or A«if Klifui, nii(t raised it to tliat of 5,000 perwjrtfd and hon«f. At the end of tli« Jay I with the

ladies to look round the building of the Haft Maurer * (savon storeys), and at the Iwginning of the evening retained to the palace. ‘Diis building was fouiuled bjf M fortner ruler of llnlwa, Sultan Mabuiutl-Kliftljl- It Iwa seven atomys, and In each aton-y there am tour chambere ({ritjfa) eontaitiing four windosva The height of this tower (inindi*) to 541 ««bits. ai’d its cimiimtomaeo 30 yards 0/«=) Them are 171 stop frotn the groiind

• Oiiif Biwlthttu#’ laiition, J*. 113 : I >™1 WupJel,

• This in Uie Wiktias a«cribocl W illiiun FiMh, Sw tie Jisui^ at John .rodfdein, C<L by Farter for the Heltluyt Sodety, ^

Find! st«>^ » ■’hfl* «!rJ^

at Viotoey erected Ivf SuUia Sl»l?ni(h< t to i+43 ta e yitttoty OiW a.« Reje at CWUir. " The stump «* ‘’” ^ Jqur.lmn simiJm uf si* atweys. It ca* l™ iH of “rt™ Uka mw

APPOiN’S’;Ji’;x’rs. uuNTiNa.

to llif» Hevcnth storey. In jfoJiig and returning i ecatterud 1,400 ntptx^’

On tin.’ SJst I lifOnoitred S&yyid ‘Abdu-Ilali with the title rtf Saif libriii, and having exalted him with a drest^ of honour, a honw. an clopliiuit, and a Jewollcd dagger, gave hini leave and sent hini to do doty with luy son of loftj’ foitinie. I also sent by him a ruby of the value of more iliaii :l0,t)00 rupiH?^ for ray »ou. 1 did not regard its value, but as for a long tiiiie ] used to hind it oti luy own lioad, I sent it him by way of giKid aiigui-y, eoiwidiiriiig it lucky for lutu. I apixiinted Sutpn Mahmud, a Bon-m-kw of lihwaja Abtl-l-hasan tinklialii, to be tiakhslii and news-writer of the Sukili of Beiuir, and when be took leave I gave him an okphant At the end nf the day of Thursday, 5tb Ainurdild,

1 went with the liKlle,% to see the Xil-kund, which k’ one of the nicwt* pleasant places in the fort of Mandu (Mnudogarh). §j]ah’badrigh Khan, who was one of my revertil fathers most cousideroble Amirs, at the time whi’H he held thk province in jagir, built in this place an exceedingly pleasing and onjoj’ablo buildltig. Delaying there* till two or three gharis of night liad passed I returned to the anspictous paiOiCc,

As several indiscretions on the part of Mukhlis i^dii, diwan and IxikJislii of the ljul,>ah of Bengal, had come to my ears, I reduced his inarajab by 1,000 jwraomd and 200 horse. On the 7th a war (iniw/t) ckpliaot from among tJiosc sent aa offerings by ‘Adil Khan, by name (Jaj-inj, was sent to RAhu .<Unr Singh, Un the 11th,

1 Went out to liunt, and came one stage from the fort, Tlicre was excessive rain, and the mud woa such tbat tliciv Was tiardly any moving. For the cojivcuiunce of the people and tiiu comfort of thir aniniak I gave up

’ Two hnndrad ru{inM per stMf j-(*1,

• Blwltmann, p, 5 ;TI, anil Mn’Ajim.l.Bmiua, ii, S37,

C4i|j^ tiHa Nll-kiLnLh^ ^ bluit ijAglc.

Kaw Jocftlly

iTllint AT 3illNPL\

t\m undertaking^, and pfu^iii;^ t]it> day ol Thunwlay uatfiide, rotuniefi on Friday eve. On tlaM wanie day Hidilyatudlailv, who b+ very vreJI HulU^d to minry out the rules Uiid niovemenU (in travel ling) ol the head- i|uarter3 (lit pirscueo), was lioucjurLH] Avith the title of Eliaii. In tills miuy Beajton miii fell iti siieh cpiantitii^ that old men said that iliey did not rtraeinbor Huch min in any a^\ Fuf nearly forty days there was nothing but cloud and min* so that the huh only Jijjpeai^si occasionally. ^Fliere was ao inueh wind iJiat inuny buildings, botli old mid new, fell down. On the Hrsi ni»:ht tlien* such min and ilnindor and Ughtziini^ as )uia siddoni lieen heatxl of. Nearly t’wenty women anil men were kiUefIt and the foundatioius even of some of the stone bniJdinffft were broken up, Xo noise la more terrifying than this. Till the middle of the month wa^ pa.m^, wTnd and rain increased. After this they gnnlually

became leas. VVhat Ciiti 1 m? written of the venJuir and mdf-gTowTi fra^^nt plnnta ? Tliey covererl valley and plain and lull and dct^rL It is not kziowTi if in the

iiihabitcfl w’orld there exists aziotlier such place as Jlandn for sweetoesa of air and for the pIc-.Asantness of the locality and the rieii^hVjoiirliood, i>specially in the rainy season- In tliis Hcasonp which lasts for niDUths and extends up to the hot weather, one cannot sleep ineidc iioiLHcs without coverlets, and ia the day the tA?ti\iK.’nitutv h Hueh that there is no need for a fpin or for chaiigt? of place. All that could be w’ritten wT?uId still fall short of the many ^unities of the place, I saw two things that 1 had not seen in any other place hi Hitidu-HtJUi^ One was the tree of the wild plantain that grows in mc^t of the uijcultivaled places in the fort, and the other the nest of the wagtail {roamaid), which ih&y call in Pertiaii the dum-^iiLc/ia (tiil-wagger). Up till now none of the hunters had pointed oat iia nest. By

^ Tbc IQH mi^oi fxai volt ju&Vtidi^ bdbn» pwld.

^i84 antiqi;itie.s. invkst:^ a

chQn<?c in ilu? building I ooeupitHl and it hrouglit ont twn yumig

Tiiinit watcbea of day lind pi-sacd mi Thiimlay, I lie 10th, when I inuuiit^ with tbi? ladies in order to go round and see the courts uiid buildings on the Shakkar tank, founded by former rulera of Alnlwa. As an ek-phEUit hnd not been conferred on htimAdii-d-daulalt on nccdiiut of hia governiiieiit of the Panjab, I gave him on the rood one of iiiy private elepliAut^ of the naino of Ja^oL 1 remained in this enchanting place? until the evening, and was mueh delighted witli the pieasantue.sa and gr+ji?UTiesa of the HUrroimding open fipaoes. After performing niy evenJng prayer and counting my njaary^ wt? returned to our hxed residence. On PViday an elephant nuined Kan-bcldal (cloud of w’ar ?), which Jaliaiigir QuJi TCimii had sent os an ofleiing, wiia hrougliL l>eforo me. Having ad<»ptcd for myself certain specioJ clotlis and ctoth-stuHs, I j^ave un order tlsat no one aliould wear the sntijc blit he on whom 1 might btsstqw tlieim One was a iiddirl coot that they wear over the {a kind

of oiit 4 ;?r vcftt)* Its length is from the waist down to below the thighs, and it has no sfeevee^ H is fastencfi in front %vith buttons, and the people of Persia call it itnix/i {from the country of the Kurds), t gave it the Riiine of uodiri. Another garment m a shawl, w hich my rc^vered father had adopted ah ji dressv Tlic next mis a coat (qabu) with a folded collar (buiu ^irlUlii). Tlie i?nds of the hIccvch were euibroidered. Ho hiid ii?r^<i appnipnatcd this to hiinaelf. Another wm a qalra with a hordei^ from which the fringes of cloth were cut olf and sewn round the skirt and collar and the endi* of the sleeve. Another wjm a qahdi of Gujarati .satin, and another a e/iim and waistbelt woven with silk, in which were interwoven eoW and silver threads.

liorotitnen, aocordUig to the regidation of three and two

A FtUisT,

men, for the f^rforznancQ of <liifcy in the Deccan^ Kiid become mcreAscd ttnifi the service ^ had not been performed* I giwe nii order timt the civil officers {flitvaniydfi) jiliouM levy tlic diiTerenee from his jagi^ In the end of Tliursdayp the 2fith. cnmspondiog with the 14th Bhft’bftnr which hi the ^^nb-l-liurAt, I held li mi‘et]ng in ode of the houses of the pajaee of NiSr- Jiilian Begain, which W 03 situated in the laidat of Inrge tanks. III id suinnioning the Atuirs and courtiers to the fejlat which hud been prepared by the Beguiij, I ordered tJiem to give the people eupn and all kinds of mto^icating drinks according to t)ie desire of each. Many for

cups, and I ordered that whoever drunk a clip should uit according to his xniuimh and condition. All sorts of roa«t riieab^ and fruits by way of relish, were ordered to lie placed before evefj’-one. It was a wonderful nssemhly^ In the beginning of the evening they lighted lanterns and laiiipH all ruund tlie tanks and buildings, find a lighting tip was carried out tlic like of whidi has perhaps never been airanged in any plooe. The lanterns and lamps cast their reflection on the water* and it appeared as if the w^hole surface of the tank w’as a plain of fire. A grmid entertainment tesok place, and the drinkers of cups took more eup» than they could c«rtj\

*A imMt wms Hrr^gvd; that l%husl np the htmtU U wsjf I’jQAuty aa ttu bwft d^red-

T^^e’J|■ over thiH vfcnhwt fnWil

A c^ict hrctiul UA the Add {kF gvniuS.

From (thuwlonce ol jierfuiuft liw fcait- £iir*

T]e yem o miuiJt-haff hy rtojun at incense,

Tlifl delicot^ ocH» of th* UmttJea (tho UoiA’cnti ^^toriouH,

Tiitt fiiM of lighted up likfl * Iftmp.”*

I ApporcDtly the mcAning ia tlm tliue fftanditni of twu ajad three hciCB« hail out heeU iepi up^

■ Some Hnca of ihiff aytet with the verace in the AItimr-DfijM, U, 190. Thfl laist two lirw* are ijuoted agajn in the aocMunt of tbo 15th year Ip, 200 of

25

•J86 GOOD AND HAD DAYS- WILD BANANAS.

After three of four ^Imris of night hnd patt»>cd. I diiiinimod the ineft and suiiiiiionud the Judies, and till a nutch of night (miminedf) passed the thue in this delightful place, and enjo^‘txl myself. On this diiy of Thursday soverHl special things Juid happened, (hie was that it was the day of ?ny lutcenHion of the throne; second!v. it was tJie Shali-i-Jjarnt; tJiirdlj-, it wiw the day of the rdkki, whieh has ulready been diaicrJJied. and with tltn Hindus is a Hpeciul day. On account of these three pieces of good fortune I called the day Muljorak-^atiiba On the afth, Sayyid Kanfi was dignified with the title of Pnrwarii^ Khuln. Wcdiiciiday, in the aaine Avay that Hiibaiak-^ambA laid been a fcirtuuiite one for me, had fallen out exactly the opposite. On this accoiitit t gave this evil day the iianie of Kam-i^aialai, in older that this day might always fail from the world (lesson). On the next day a jewelled dagger was conferred on yfidgiir Qarelii, and i ordered that after this he should be styled Yadgar Beg. 1 laid sent for Jay Singh, son of RAja MuhA Singh. On this day he waited on me and presented iiii elephant us nn olferitig. A watch nnil three gharis of .Mubanik-shamba, the 3nd of .Shahriyar, liail passed, when I rode to look n>uiid the NU-kuniJ and its neighbourhood; thence I passed on to the plain of the *id»giih on the top of a laoutid that was very green and pleasant. Chainpu llowers and other sweet wild herbs of that plain had bloonied to such a degree tliat on all aid<ai on which the eye fell the world looked like a world of greeneiy and Howors. I entered the palace when a watch of night had passed.

As it had been several times mentioned to me that ft kind of sweetmeat was obuined from the wild plantain such that dcndslies and other pour people mode it their food, I wished to enquire into the matter. What I found was that the frujt of the wild plantain was an exceedingly hatd and tasteless thing. The real fact i^ that in the

CAblllKR F-lGEOWS.

3«r

loier p(irt (of tUft trunk) thcro Ls a tiling ^hup<,^ like rt Hr * cone from in-1irel, the rwtl fruit of the pkritjuii comes out- On this a kind of swootnieat forma which Inw exactly the jutcinesw iiiat lasft of jHiiOdti. It appi’am that men cat this and enjoy it.’

With re^ni to carrier pigeons ikabUlar-i-ndt/m-bar). it had heen stated to tiie in the oonrso of convenmtioii that ill the time of the AhWide OnliphN tiiey ttinght" the Baghdad pige^^iui who were styled * letter-tiarriera’ (jo7)n«.(i«>-). and were oue-luilf larger * than the wild pigiHHi. i ha<le the pigeon-fanciera to teach their pigeotia, and they taught some of them in such a manner that we let them Hy from 31andu in the early iiiuming, and if there wiia much rain they reached Buriianpur by pahara (watches) of the day, or Lwon in 1^ [wliars. If the air w‘jw very clear moat of them arriverJ by one pahar of the day and some by four gharis (hours) of the day.

On the :)rd a letter cunie from Jlabn IQiuiTain. announcing the coming of Afxal liljnii ami Ray Hayiiii and the jirrivai of the miibassadom of *Adil Khan, and their bringing suitable oHi-riugs of Jewela, Jewelled things, elephants, and horses, oHcringa such as Imd never come in anj’ reign or time, and expressing much gratitude for the services and loyalty of the aforesaid Khan, and his faithfulness t« his w’ord and duty. He asked for a gmeious royal Hriiuiit heBtowing on him the title of Jiirstiud (Son) and For other favours, which had never

’ Thn accoont is otwrure. £hjiH • Lnn^tjon i» *■ In iwt ot Uiu tree [« found a Iniup of jiw«el iulMtaSoo whieU is otuctlj tihe that of Fnluda. It j« mien by t)in l>eor.” TIio t«xt and snuvo tiavo

y*k i>4reht i fKMia, feit B.A). Or. hai yui ttoictniivh soys

nnthinif tUsHit. nny sa«h grUirth on iku uild fjluitiiio. FUtida cr j.>i/dt£a

Ik L|ti^ tMnfy of a Pii:c£t£M<ekAtv

■ It b that the woftl Eh the teJlt, *ml wh^U

npiKui? to lie ikEhKiiit neceaenn’ for the Mhw, doM not drear either in tlw tWd LOr AIHB. ch" in tJm RsA.S. ane. iJttrhinpiir ii jtdjdnt I (D.l’mliod kk [ bd etdv tKiuih-PDuEii-u^ qI Mwidu.

■ Tlifi teit ■ rnithera/ *f the jtign of lln!

lar, bdt the havv

*ADIL KHAN OF BUAFUH MONOUrHlSU,

yet been vouchfeftfefl in his honour. Sines? it wa?t very gratifyin^ to me to pleiLHe niy hoii, and his request was reasonable, I ordered that the ^iunshis of the tuertarial pen Fthonld ivjiiv a fiirman in the name of *Adil conveying every kind of aflection and favour^ and exceeding in his praise ten or twelve tline^ wliat had been previously written. Tliey were ordered in these fannaiis to address him as fnr^nd. In the liody of the f&nuan 1 wrote this couplet with my own hand—

^b6<S3Enr, at @l>ah iy>umun> in tho WorSil u my ton”

On tlic d-Lh day this fannan was sent off with \ib copyj so that luy son 3[hah Jiliurmm might see the copy and send off the original On Mubarak-^amba, the 9th, I went with the ladies to the house of Asnf &han. His liouse wtiH situated in the %‘alley, and waa exceedingly pleasant and bright It had seveml valley a round it; in some places there were flowing waterfalls, and mango and other trees exceedingly grevn and pleasant and shady. Nearly 209 or ilOO kcora ahruljis Pandiinus odortUi^hjius) grew in one valley. In tine that day passed in great enjojunent. A wine j>arty was held and cups w"ere pr€^HeiiUsl to the Amirs and intimatos^ an?! an offering from Khilii was laid before me.

There w’ere many rare things* I took whatever 1 approved;^ and the remainder was given to him. On the same day Khwaja Mir, son of SullAn Kliwaja^ who hod come oa a suiiimons frean Hangash, waited on niR, and presented as an offering A mbyp two pi^al]s, and an elephant. Raja Hhim Narnyan, a ^niindar of the province of CJadeiia, w as promoted to the iiiangab of 1,000 per^mal und 500 horse. An order was given that a jagir should be provided him out of Ins native country. On the 12th a letter came fix>m my son Ktuirnim that Raja Suraj 3fal son of Raja Baso, wh4Xe territory Ih near the fort of Kangra, had promised that in the course of a yenr he would

SIHTH OF

bnn^ that fart into tin? poftw^ion of tlie scrv’ants of the vktoriotLs State. He ftlswj sent hin letter winch eot’CiianUHi for thist I otrlcrad that after caiiipn.*hctidiii|r his d«iir<hM and wlnhes, and satiHfyine hui^^lf with tvganl t(^ thciM, lie t^lnjuld olf tho Kaj!! to wait on nic,

HO that he nii^lit set about the said duty. On the mint: dayp which wm Monday, the 1 Ith^ cornesponding w ith the 1st Kjiniaratii (:2nd Septeinl>er^ i6l7). after four ^haria and Boveu pals hud passed, a daughter was born to my son by tbe mother of hiH other children, who was the daughter of Asaf libiin. This cliild was named Krishaii- Hta Begaui. Ah the Zamindar of Jautpiir, which is In the jurisdiction ^ of Mandii, in conse(|uence of wick*?dnesft had not had the felicity of kissing the threshold, I ordered Fidttl l£han to proceed ugninst him with some iiUuisabdiLTs and 400 or 500 ruusketeers and pkimk-r his country* On the r^th oiie elepliunt wew given to Fidii’i Kktkn Aiid one to Mir (jAsim, son of Sayyid Murad. On the 10th Jay Singlu non of Rilja MahEi Singh, wlio vvom 12 years old, was promoted to the maiksah of Ij)M personal and hor>K^ To ilir Mitfitn son of Mir Khalitu- lluhp I gave an elephant which I had luyTsself approv*.Kl, and another to Mulln ‘Al«Ju-s-Sattar* Bhoj, son of Baja BikraniAjit Bhadaiiriyii, rtft4.T his fathers death, came from the Deccati atid waited on me^ and presented 100 tnuhrs OH an offering. On the 17 th it was repiwiited tluit Rilja Kalyati ha*! come froiii the province of Ori.^^Ha^ and pn>pjsed to kins my threshold. As some unpleasant stoiies had l>cen told with regard to him, an order was given that they should hand him over with hia son to

^ The wool lit hAtertfi, lyr. snmetinatH tx&n tin t£ri ^ EiAi^hlM>urhiKiiir’

lull! boS sck hrm by Mr. But Either irB.b£figlr

biu* mad«» A mwEak« or the wclnl in uf A wklci^ int-erpTBiAUcHi,

for .TALt|iar to he JfUtliCr in KAtKl&irjtr, Se« iefrott. lU 25a.

anU Lf*,, vU, E’H^ibly MAiiiiu is a ni3.%Uiko for BdoUhlL Hut

them if A i.lotgu^h in MaJwm $Jarr^Ci, H, 200|i.

^ tYotabiy thu wla 5 ho fluthnr who vonAbanit4d with Jercftic Xnnsf, KiouV CatAlojtuD^ iih 1077.

raja KALYAN ACQUlTTJiI>.

AsfAf Khiin to enquire into the truth of what had bet^n Halid about hiiu. On the an elephant waa ^ven

to Jay Siii^di. On the 20th 20D liorsies were iidclod to the iiuiiiimh of Ke^o ^friru, m that it came, original and mcresifle, to 2,000 pvrsoiml and 1,200 Iiorse, On the 23rd, halving diHtinguiHhed Allah-dM^ the Afghan* with the title of Ra^id Khiln, ] gave him a pirm-narm (shaiwlh The otfering of Raya Kalynn Singh* consisting nf eighk^n ekphiuits, was brought before me i sixteen eleplniiit^ were included in uiy private elephant stud, and I prtaeiittd him witli tivo. As the iiew?^ had arrived from Irarj of the death uf the mother of Mir Miron, daughter of Shah lsmA‘11 II. of the race of the ifafowl kiiigs^, I eent him a dren-s of honour and brought him out of the roJx’S of niouniing. Un the 25th FidiVl KjiilJi roceivi^I a drtfAs of honour, and, in coin|>firjy. with his brother Kfd,iu-11ah and otlier maLnsaibdaTH, obtained leave to go to punish the Zninimjiir of .laitpiir. Un the 2Hth* having come down from the fort with the intention (jf stH.dng tlie Xarljtida and to hunt in its neighKiurhood^ I took the ladies with fijM, and halted two stages doim on the bunk of the ri%^cT. As there were many niosi^uitoes and fleiL^, I did not nUiy more tiuin one nigiit. Having come the next day to Tarapur, 1 rtiturned on Friday* the 31 Ft* Un the 1st of tlie month of Mihr* Muhsip lU>ivajs, wlio at this time had come from 3’rui^.Hoxianii, received a drtm fd honour and 5,000 rupees. On tlie 2nd. after enijuiry into the matters of RAja Kalyan, with regard to which a report had been received, and which Amf Khan had been appr>inted to investigate, as lie appeared innocent, he enjoyKj tlic gixifJ fortune to ki^ tiie threshold, ami prcaeiitoii as an otfering 100 inuhrs Jind 1,000 ruptvs. His od’eritig of a stTiiig of pearls, consisting of eighty pearls and two nibies, with i% braot’iet with a mby and two pcarla and the golden Hgure of a horse studded with jewels, w’as laid before

JAnrUR TAKEN* W.ATH: of FtUnU-LlAH.

me, A petitiuri rtuiji FiJAl Kliiiii iirriveiJ that

when the vietorioTaw army entered the provinee of Jaitpqr the /^mindAr hud eleetefl to run away. He oimid not oppose Fidfi’h And hig country W’lW He now

repented of what he had done, and intended to eoine to the Court, which was the jmyluiu of the world» and proiiei* .service «jid o^jediente. A force wit!i Kriljn-lliih Wjia went in pursiiit of him to i^ptiire and Ining hini to Court, or to lay wjmte amj min his domiiiii and irnpriHon his ^vomen emd dependaiit^p who ha<) j^jone into the country of tho nei^hboui’iiig zauiiiidara On the 8tli lUiwiLja Xi^m came and laid before me fourteen pi^inegraiiates from the poi-t of MuldiA (^focha), whidi they had brought to ftnrat in the spjice of fourteen days, ajid in eight days more to Maiidu. The si^^ of these was the same an that of the TltatUi pninegranates. ‘Hioiigh the jKHiiegrniiates of Tlnitta are see<lless and these Jmve iHceds/ yet they are delicate, and in freshiieasi exotd those of TlirtttiE On the 0th newe came that while Klihti- Hall w’liH passing tFi rough the villages, he come to know that the w^oiiien and ilepeiidants of the Jaitpuri AAniiiidor were in a certain village- He I’emaincd outside, and sent men into the vilhige to iiiAke enquiries and to bring out the fwu>k>iis who were therc% Whilst he W]U=f making cnqniries, ode of the devoted servAiits of the Sfamindar CAlim uloiig with the villagers. W\\hi hts men were scattereil Iient and there, and KnhndUh witli some servants hml brought out his furniture and was sitting on H carpetp that deV4>ti<i servant eft me beliind him and Htmck him with a spear; the hlovr was fiital and the spearhitml came out at his breast. Tlie pulling out of the spear and the rfiverting to Ills original (dying) of Rul.iU- llah took place together. Tfiose who were present sent that wrttcrh to hell All the men who Imd been

s lO. 3U5 *»!t (or smiHl Mwdn."

■ Nilt* 1^1 hMB wdfU ’ bcctfmiaf udILqJ * |U> Lhe D«ity^

SUEAJ MAL t-KOCBeOS TO K.lSfOHA.

»c&tiert>r) about put on tliuir armour and attacked tha villacr^. Those doomed laon had tliw

disgrace of harbouring * rebela and sedititm-inoiigerH, and wore killed in the coiiri$o of au aatmnqiiiicttl hour. They brought into captivity their wives and daughtere, and, setting hre to the village, miadc it so that notJiiiig waa aeon but heaps of ashes. They then lifted up the body of Ruiui-llali and went and Joined Fidai I^hnn. With regard to the bravery and zeal of Bftlju-llah, there was no dispute; at the most, ids carelessnesH brought about this turn of fortune. No traces of habitation remained in that region; the zamindar of that place went into the hills and jungles and concealed and obliterated himself. He then sent someone to Fida^i KJbuti and Wgged for pardon for liis ottenoea. An order was given that lie should be allowed rjuarter and brought to Court.

The mansab of Muniwwat Khan was fixed, origiiial and increase, at 2,000 peraonal and ],300 horse, on couditiofi that he should destroy Hurbhan,* Zamindar of Chandra- kota, from wJioni trat‘ellers endured great anno^‘ance. On the i:ith Rija Suraj Mai. together witli Taqi, the haklishi who w*aH in attendance on Baba Kliurrani, came and a’aited on me. He represented all his rcfjuireinenta. Hi.s eui^gement to perform the work wa.s approved, and at the rtsjuest of my son lie was honoured with a standard and drums. To Tnql. who had been aiipointcd with him, a jewelled klmjntxt (dagger) was given, and it was arranged that he should finish fiix own affairs and start off quickly. Tlie mansab of Kliwaja ‘Alt Beg Mirza, who hod been appointed to the defence and

’ J’a ‘td wnj-,’ tt»e meadeg appurentljr being that tiwy

^ pratectod Haha-IUlt’s murdemiih But I.O. MS. 30.1 jwsu to hiia jrlin-MK, «sternal.’ vKich wonkl mean Huit tlwy were killad arwj alao •Wr™% rlitgraeea w, reUR Tl* Ma’iniru-l-umru-i, iii, 13, has

a. clil^-ronE Sd^aot of ihe mjtnriflr of RalLu4Lah a deatJi, Ho wu FJd&Tpi eldffr bciiihef.

• Ttw 1.0. AfSiS, hm Pir itnd Clujidrm Kdn^. whkb UttOT nmj

be tlaa pbin Id Mietdepar

ArjAIll!^ OF THK DECCAK.

iidtiiiniatrutiuii of AhoiAdDa^r, was Hxetl at 5,000 and horn^v An elephant apiece wan j^ivcii tt> Xuni-d- iilti Quli, KJiwiija^J T^liir, Sajji’yiti l^hnii ^tuhaniiriail, AJurttufA Kban, and Wali Be". On the 17th the roEncsiilj of Htikiiii Be^ was fixefl, oripiml and increase!, iit 1,000 personal and 20f> hoi»e. On the siinie day% after prcsfMitin^ Raja SOraj Alai %vith a dresa ef lionour, an elephant, and a jewelled kliapwa, and Taqi with a dresa of lionoiir^ [ them leave to pmreed on duty to

When tho^e who had been nent by tuy son of lofty fortune, Sisali liliurrarii, with the ariikv^sadora of ^iiiil {ill an and his olft^rin^p iinived at Burlianpurr and niy son’s niiiid was (.N^inpletely satislied with re^rd to the alfaiifw of the tK^an, he pmyed for the 8uUalidar- ahip of Berar. XliAndesli, and Ahnmdnaj^ar for the Conmiander-in-Ohieft the KhankItalian, and sent hfa son ShEih-nawfii FQn’iri, who ia neaJly Khankhanan junior, \inth 12,000 cavaliyr to hold posse^ssion of the conqueivfl pn’>vincesr Ever^’ plate and estate were put as ja^ra into the hancLs of reliable ini?n, and fittin^,^ arTfLugianeiiU wert> made fur the go%enjineiit of the province. He

left, out of the trta>ps that were with him, 30^000 horse

iun\ 7.000 iinisketeer infantry^ took with him thv remainder. aiiiOiintin^ to 25,000 horse and 2.000 gunllefs^, and set olf to wail on me. i On Tliutvhiy ^Alulmrak- j^amUik the 20th ^ of the moimi of Mihr (Divine month), in the twelfth 3"ear frfjiii 1113" acce.wirni, eoriwpincUng with the nth Sihawwah lUSO Hiji’a (J 2th OetoU^r, 1017), after thret watclK’S and one “liari had piwsed. he enternJ the fort of Afandu aiispition.Hlj’ and joyfully and liad

the honour of waiting on me. Tiie dumlion of our

parat ion was 1 1 ^ months anil 11 days. After he hiwi

• TeJst SiK lint ftlioultl Im 2^‘Hh. p. whphfr the neict TliurMlay

irt iis itu!’ 27tliir See Emot, vi, aiL *■

= Teit la mDutL-N fttwl 11 ilAjT!. tnat it 1k« ] I in^mf h;^ §bah Jnlina

Wit hw bthcT at AjiaiJr isn the tut 4iiy oi lUi>, Ai^a tut r?.jota*d

him cm 11th giniwwlil at tha yaor.

F RESENTS RV OFFICERS

performed the duefl of »ilutAtion and kissing the i^round, J calhx) him up into the jharokim, and vvitli exceeding kindiie\s^! mid uncontrolled delight roHe fctiin my place and he)<l }iiin in the eiubraee of affection. In proportion aa )ie strove to fje liiiruble and jMjIite, I increased my favourtt and kindiicHsi to him ami made him sit near me. He pr+.^seiiteil 1,000 ashrutiNi Jind 1,000 as

mizar and the same amount hy way of allii-SL As the time did not allow of Jus presenting all his cpOerings^ he now” brought before me the depfiant f^tmak (f> (Hixake-head M, that w«is the chief of the elepluuits of ‘.4dJl OiJLn’H offerings with a casket of precious stones. After this the Imklishis vvere ordered to arrange according to their mansiib;^ the Axiiirs who had come wdth iii_v son to pay thvir respects. Tfie Hrst who had the honour of audience was IQian Juhaii. Sending for liim abt>ve^

I selected him for the honour of kisaing my feet He pr€‘Si:?ijtccl xnuhi-s and 1,000 rupees as najtr# and

a caaket filled with jew’cls and jewelkd things as an offering What was accepted of his ottering

waNi wortli 45,000 rupees. After this k\biiti-llah t^lmri kiaseil the threshold, and preat^nted 100 muhrs as luu^r. Tlien Mahabat fOian had the honour of kisaing the ground, smd prcstuited an foffering of lOO muhrs and 1,000 ru|fees, with a partai (ifdfhrl) ^ of precious stones and jewel led vessels, the value of w^hich was 124,000 rupeea ^ Of these one ruby weighed 1 i miskals; an EumiNL^mi bnaight it last year to sell at Ajiiiir, and priced it at 300,000 rupeejj, but the jew’ellers vaJued it at 80.000 rupees. Coiiseijuontly the Ijarginin did not Conic off. and it Wiia returned to him ami he took it away. When he cijime to Hurhanpur, Mahabat Onn inught it from him for 100.000 rupees^ After this KAja BIuVj Siiigli waited cm me, presenting 1,000 ruf^ees b&\ na^r and some jew^els and jewelkd thiuga iw a

• 9fl in leiE, bat I.O* b*vc jtivrw, * a duir or (L iTt

395

SHJH KUVEliAyi IHTLP.It JAMaN.

In the Fame manner DArab lUiAnp son of tlie Khan- khanniip Sanlar Kbhu^ brother of ‘Abdu-lliih Kbiinp ^aja’at l^ian tliu Ambp I^ayAnat KMii, Shoh-bM JUiiin, Mti’taiiiad lib An bikbslu, Cda Rtiiii,^ ^vho wm one of the nhivi Amirs of Nis^inu-l-iniilk, and who cnuie on the pruniise of my son Slitili Khnrratii nnd joined the ranks of the loyal, waiksl on me in the (>nJer of tliejr manSdib^. After thb the Wakils of ‘AdiI Kdiun had the tionour of kiKsing the ;tr(>und, and phL-sentetl a letter from hiiiL Before this, as a reward for the conijneHt of the Rutin, a mmiKab of JO.fK>0 prsoml atid iO.CHVO horse was conferred on 1113 ’ mn of lofty fortune. fw hen he had hastened to the mptuix^ of the Deccan he had obUiilUwi the title of Jiiljnli. and now. in nnvard for tiiis distinginsheil iservice, 1 j^ive lilm a niansub of 30.1 NK) personal and i 0 pU 0 t> horse, 4 md lM!Stowsi on biiii the title of Shiih JaMn. An order was i^iven that henceforth they shouhl pha^e 4 i chair in t he paradise - i est:aiibliiig asat^mblies near my throne for iny son to sit npom Hi is

was a S])etial favour for my as it had never bi‘fn the cnstoin lieretoforen A jHjssi’jai dress of boiioiir with a gold-eiJibroidei’iHl clturfjnhi wHtli c«>llar, the end of the alcoves and the skirt det.’orat+sl witli |H?itrIs, worth 50,000 mpeea, A jew^ellod swoni with a jew’elled ( belt), and

a jew e l It’d dagger were bestow id iifxm him. In his honour I myself came down fniiii tlie jhart^kha and over

hirt bead a small tray of jewels and a tmy of g^ptd Havinjj called Sarnak elephant tti me, I saiv without doubt that what lieu! Wn heani In its praise and of its Ixianty was n>al It stoixi all the testss in wirep fomi.

arid beauty^ Few’ elephants are to be seen of such

bt^auiy. As it appean^l acecptable to me> I iiivshH

mounted {i.c. drove it) jiiid took it into my private

pidaci^ and scattered a i|uanttiy of gold trains on its head.

T T*it h^udu but GM RAm is (iu? unly iNOdi^ni oilier KMSflticmffl-

^ The MSS* hmvo brocaae.’

I’ROVJNCK OF BAGLI^^4.

iii\f\ oitii^red theni to tie it up Inside the my ft! puliiots. With to this I it the njinie of Nfir-htikht ^

(lij^ht of fortune). On Friday^ the Riijii Biinrjiv,

Zamindar of Ha^lana^ came and waiteiJ on tiie. Hi%i niiiiie is Partilp ; evnry Raja them has been of that place they etill Blmijiv. He Viifis alwut 1,500 liorse in ]m i>ay { mf.ni>dj Ib-irJiwdrX and in time of need he can brinjy; into the hehl 3.000 hoirse. The pmvinee of lies between Gtijarat, Kbaiidesh, and the Deccan. It haa two strong forts, Sftler and ^faler (^iltiler), und as Miller is in the inidst of u pcspulaus country he livea there hiiiiHetf. The country of Bagliina has pleosiiiit springs fliul running waters. The iiiangijje^ of that region arc very sweet and large, and are gntherwl for nine iiiontlia from the beginning of iiiiniaturity - until the end. It has mail}- gmpt^s, but not of the }>est kinds. The afore¬ said Rt\ja does not dmp the thn^od of cuiution and prudence in dealing with the rulers of Gujarat, the Deccarn and Khnndeslt. He boa never gone hinmif to see any of thein, and if any of them lias wished to stretch out his hand to his kingdom, he lim^

mmained undisturbed through the support of the othem After the prosinces of Gujarat, the Deecati, and Kbandijsb came into the pfissi»isi{}ii of the Late king (Akliar), Bhajjiv came to Burbanpur and Juxd the honour of kissing bis feet, and after being etimlled among hi-H aervonta wm raised to the iiiiiosab of 3,000. At this time, ivben .Shiih JahAii went to Burhaupurp he brernght eleven elephants os an offering. He mnie iu Court in attendance on iny son, and in aocrortlance with his friendsJiip and sersdee was dignitied with royal favours^ and had pre>*£mteij to him a jewel left sword, an elephant, a horse, and dress of honour. After some days I conferreiri on liiui three rings of jaciutli diamond, and ruLjy^ i’>n 5fiiliamk-

^ In to hb awn Uwnka erf Nara-d>ain.

SCit JAHAX ejVKS A rRASl’.

3 ! 17

(^airiYxi (Thursday), the 27Ih, Kar-Jahiin Be^ain prepared II of s’lctory* for tiiy son ^iih JnhAii, and coiifoiTcd

on him dresses of honour of great price, with a ruXtiiVl witli enihroidered Howers, adorned witii rare pearls, a #irt»’/>ffA (tiirhan omameut) decorated with ram gems, a turlmn with a fringe of pearls, a wawthelt studdts] with pearls, a swortl with jewelled jrJfmAda (licit}, a ^h\U hihlra (daggrw), a mela (f) of pearls, with two horses, onii of which had ii jcwelksl saildle. and a special elephant with two females. In the same way she gave liis children and his ladies dresses of honour, trlgus (nine pieces) of cloth with all sorts of gold omameiits, and to his chief servants ns pmsenta a horse, a dress of honour, ami a jewelled daggir. The cost of this entertainment was about iiOO.OOO rupees. Presenting on the same day a horse and drttss of honour to ^Atalu-llali khan and .Sardilr Ivjian. His brother, 1 gitve them leaii’e to go to the Snrkar of Kalpi, which had been given them in japr, and also dlsiniafsal ShajAat Kbn"

of Gujarat, with a dress of honour and an elephant I dismissed Sayyid Hiijl, who was a jaginlar of Bcbnr, vrith A gift of a horffe.

it fre<ju?ntlv K^portcil to tJK.* that Wi^i Daur^n

bail become old and weak, so as to be unfit for acGvo duty, and the Sukilis of Kabul and Bnngaah is a land of dislurhance, and to subdue the Afghans rcfiuired riding and active movement. Inasmuch as caution is the condition of rule, 1 appointed Mfllialint Siiati. Subahdar of Kabul and Bangaah. giving him a dress of honour, and promoted Khiin Danran to the gpvenmrahip of the province of Tbaita. IbrAlum Khan Katb-jang had sent a» an offenng from tkhar forty-nine elephants; these were subnutttsl tn me. Ou this day they brought some flOTMi-i-efrt tgolden planteiiis. Lanaima) for me. I hiui never eaten such plantains before. In awe they are one finger, and are very sweet and of good ftavour; they

DlLlTH OF 1^£KHIAN

ii&vv no rf^nxbltiiioe to [)laritnihs of otlior do?^riptiona, but an? w>irit’wlui.t indi^t-stible^ fn> tl>at from the two that I ute 1 i5Jt|>erienccd lieavineas, whilat otherH my they CAD OH lOiin}" m seven or ea^ht. Tiiou^h ]>biitAiiiH are real]}’ utitit to eat, yet of all the kinds thm in tlie one fit to cat This year* up Ui tln^ 23rd of the month of ifihr, Miiifarnih fUinn mni Ihjjiirat ninngwH by i^jht {fpjji-chanki}.

On thh date I heard that ^^[iihaiiiiniid R\m. anibissador of my bty>tlter liihiih ‘AbhASi “ave up tlie deimit of his life ut Agra thn.mgh the dist^iise of mAcI/ (rtiarrhtea). t made the merchant Muhatitiiiad Qasim, who had come from my bmtlicr. Ids executor, and onjereil that aewHing to the will he should convey liis goixls and thattels to the Shah, ho that he might grant them in Jda own presence to the lieirs of tile deceaaecL Kle|diatitH and druBst>.H of honour were eooferred on Sii_vyid Kahir and B^ikhtar KbAin Wakils of ‘Adtl fQian. On Muliarak- Hhaniba, the 13th Ahtm, Jahangir Quli Beg^ Turkniiin, who [s dignified with the title of Ji\ii-HipAr Khan, came from the Jhjcam and waite^J on me. His father wan included among the Amirs of Iran. He had come frr>iii Persia in the time of the late king x^kliar* and haviiig a rmnsah conferred on him was sent to the JleccaiL He wa^ brought up in that Subah. Although lie had btfen appudiitod to a duty, yet as my son .“ihiih Jnlifin came at this time to |Kiy his roHpiiXjtK and reprpseiittsl his sincerity and devotion, 1 ordererj that Im should ctmie to Court ami have the good fortune to wait upon me and then return, Chi thLs day I jmimoted Oda Ham ^ to the milk of 3.000 personal and 1,5(X> horse. in

a brahmin b}’ and was riiiich relied on by rAmlmr.

At the time when ^hah-nawil^ Khan went against •Aml‘>ar. Adam 1^1 llabHjjT. Jadu Rjiy, Babu Rhy Kiiyath, Cda Ram, and some other fiarflars of Ni/ai^^u-l-inutk

• Tib& Odaji Kim of ^Cn’^iru-Uttiniurii, I4i

malir: ^aubah.

309

loft him find c^iiiie to iSMh-nfiwilj! Afttir Aiiibair’a

defwst they, hy the [wi^Utt-sioriiis of *Adil KJiilri iind the deceit uf ‘Aiiiljar^ left the rifjht mad a^in mid j^ave up their loyalty and fjervice- \4mtMir took an oath on the Kumn Ui Adniij Oan and put hiifi cid’ hia mid,

Ciiptnrln” him deceitfully, iinpH^jned him in the fort of Daidatabach and at laat killed liiin. Babii Ray Kayiith and Cdfi Riim came away amJ went to the Ixirders of *Adi] Klifitfa dominioiiH, hut he wiajld uot folmit them into Iiifi territory. Al>i>ut thal lime BhIjQ Riiy Kilyath Inst hia life (lit. played away the coin of exlntence) hy the deceit fd hia intiiiiateap and ‘Ambar !u>nt a force aj^iinAt Cdii Ram. He fou^dit well AUfl dofeattd ‘Ambor^Es army. But iifterwardN, aa he could not remain in that country, he threw hiii^^lf on to the liorders of tlic royal iJoniinion.H. and, haring jjot u pit>iiiiiu\ came with his family and dependants and eutetssi the rttunice of my mn Shilh Jahan. That non diHiin^uLshed him wutli favoiim and kindneaseu of all florts, and made him hopeful by ^ving hin!i a matisab of 3,000 pt^rsn>mil iitid 1^000 hor^‘, and brought him to CourL As he was a useful servant, I increased this by aOO horse. 1 also inercasc^ the uianisab of ^ah-biiz Kiiaii, who liad one of 2,900 ijersoual and J,500 liorse, by ijiore borne, and gave him the faujdarship of the Sarkar of isiirangpnr and a part of the Subah of .^[alwa. A special horse and oleplumt were gis’cn to Khrin ■latiiliiL On Mubarak-i^aiiilja (Tbun^dayb the 10th of the mouthy my son *%rili Jalian pnjiiuced hJs own olFeriiigS“jcwels and jewelhal things and tine doths and other rare thingH. These were all laid out in the conrtyaix! of the jharukha, and arranged together w^ith the horses and elephants iiiloRied with gr>ld and silver trappings. In order to please him I came down from the Jhurokha and looked thrcjugh them in detail. Among all these there was a Hne mhy they had Ixjuglit for my son at the port of (ioa for 200^000 rupe^fs; its weight was I0| tankEip or

FAMOUS diamond.

4O0

IT niiHkAL^, anfJ 5i siirklje. There was no ruhy in my c^FitablLHlniient over 12 tAoks, and the jeweliem agreed to thirt valuation. Aiioth^^r wm a wapphire, aTiion^ the oHTeringH of ‘Adil KliAn ; it weighed U tanks and T surkhs and was valued at 100^000 rnpees, I never U-fore a sapphire o£ such a, siaw and good colour. Another w a^ the Chain kora diamond, also of ‘AdiJ Khan’s ; ita weight, was 1 lank and fi sarkhSp which tliey valued at 40,001) mpeea. The naixie of Chainkom is derived from this, that there h iit the Uecean a plant eidled mVj-i^hitnikoraA At the time when .Murtaim Ni^mii-l-inulk conquered ferar he had gone one day mth his ladies ronnd to look at the garden, when one of the w^oinen found the diainotid in a ehamkom vegetablep and took it to Ni#rnu-hrntdk. From that day it hcN^tne known as the Cham kora diamond,, and canvo into the posst>^Hsion of the present Ibifdiiiii “Adil KbAu during the interregnum {/tjtittnli} of Ahuiiidriagar. Another wmi an enienild, also atnoiig ^Adil KhaUH oHerings. Although it is from a new- minep it is of such a Ix’autiful oolour m\d dellGacy ilh I have never before seem Again p there were two pearl one nf the weiglit of tj4 surkhsp or 2 miskals and 11 surkha, and it was valued at 25,00() rupees. The other w’eighe’d 1(5 surkhs, and was of exceeding ronndueas and Hnenessn It way valued at 12,000 rupees. Anotlier was a diAriLond from the offeringA of Qutbu-l-malk, m w’eight I tank, and valued at “50fl00 rupecft* Tliere were 150 elephants, out of wdiieh three had gold trappings, chains,’ ctc.^ and nine had silver truppings. Tliough twenty * elephants W’ere put into my private studp live were vety large aiul celebrated. Tlie firstp Nur-hiikht, wdiich my son presented an the day of meetmg, was worth 125,000 rupees. The second. Mahipatij* from the ofterings of ^Adil Khaln, wm valued

• iH in rnrljfifl 4s the D&kliiLni word for ik eovwiTag ttmim

of mdfl or poJni-lcaY^ ojmI a.««l in ifiny weatlier.

• Tbei .MS. hiw djeht.

^ In ih* MSS. Cihfl nuno to hm (iwgm-EiifO t).

KHaH JaHA.S’h OFFfiRJKGS,

401

at J 00,000 rtip<«s; 1 gave it the name of Durjensal, Another, also from hie offerings, was Ha^t-bnland, and valued at 100,000 njpeei; I eaJJed it Giriinbilr. Another whb Qaddae S],rin. and the fifth waa Iiiiftm Ri»L They were from the offeringH of gtiibu-l-mulk. Ejich of the two waa valued at 100.000 rtipec^, Ag,un. there were lOO Arab and rra,| horses, most of which were good ho^‘a Of these, three had jewelled saddles. If the pnvnte offeringa of my son and thgwe of the rulers of the I^n were to be written down in detail, it would ho too long a business. What I accepted of his presents was worth 2,<f00,000 nij^n. In addition te> thU he gave his <at«p)mother.< Nur-JaliAn Begam, offerings worth 200.000 rupeea* and 00,000 mpeea’ to hts other mothers and the Begnii),s. Altogether my son’s offerings ciune to 2,200.000 rupees, or 7S,0cio tumajis of the eumsiicy of Iran or 6,780,000 current Turnti-klianls, Such offerings h^ never been made during this dynasty, I showed him much attention and favour; in fact, he is a son who is worth grace and kindness. I am vorj- pleased and ^tisHed with him. May God Almighty allow him U> enjoy long bfe and prtwpcrity 3 As I hud never in iny life had any elephant-hunting, and Imd a great desire to see the province of Gujarat and to look on the salt sea. and my huntsmen had often pne and seen wild elephants and fiied on huiiting-placw, it occurred to me to travel throogb Ahmadabod and look on the sea, and having hunted elephauts on my return, when it was hot and the season for honting them, to go back to Agra, With this intention I despatched to Agra Hosrut Maryamu-z-zaman (hi« mother) and the other Begams and people of the harem with the baggage and extra establishments, and betook myeielf to a tour in the hubali of Gujarat to hunt, with such os were indispeusaldo

’ Test hu • his oirti matliw.’

se

402 JAHANefR PROCEEDS TOWARDS GDJAIIAT*

with me. On the evo of Frkky in the rnunth of Alifm (preciKc (hite not but appfkrently the lOth)*

1 marched aiiHpieiouHly and happily froin Mandu, and pitched on the bank of the tank of NfiklihA In the moniiiijf I went out to hunt and killtNi a blue bull with in 3 * gtin. On tJie eve of Saturday, Mahabat KIj/mi wjw pi-escnted with ii special horsc! and an elephant^ and obtained leave to go to his Suljaih of Kabul and Baiij^rMh. At his refpiest 1 conferred on Ilashfd Khan a rolje of hononr, a horse, an elephant, atid a jewelled dagger, and appointed him to assist him, I promoted Ibrahim Ilu-sain to the post of bakhshi in tlie Di?ceain and Mirak Husain to tluvt of news-wTiter in the iMiine Subah. Ihija Kalyjln/ son of Raja Mab liad come (tom the Siilaih of

OriRfui; on aeoount of some faults whlcli had Ixwjii attributed to him he had for some da^’^s been forbidden the honour of pRjdog hia rt^pects. After i.iii|uiry hit* innocence appeared clear^ and having given liitu a dreas of honour and a borse^ I appointed birii to do duty together with ^fahiibat Khan in Htingoah. On IMouday 1 gs^ve the Wakils of “Adil Khan jew’dled turlun fringtw after the faaKioii of the Ihfccnji^ one of tlu* value of 5,000 rupees and the other Avorth 4,000 rupees. As Af/al Khan and Ray RA 3 ^An had performed the dutiea of Wakila to mj’ son Shah Jalian in a l^econiiiig luoniier, t rai:^ them both la luansab and honouriNl lii^y Kilyitu ViHth the title of Hikraniajlt, whieh among Hindus is the highest title. In truth he m a sen^ant worthy of patronage* On Satunlay. the I2th, 1 went to hunt and shnt tw’O female nilgaw. As the hunting-ground was & long way from this halting-plate, I on Moiulay rnarclied 44 kos* niid pitched at the village of Kaid Itosjin, On Tuesday^ the 15th, I killed three blue by]Js, the larger one of which weighed 12 uiaunds. On this daj’ Mfnul

A ztfpetitiaa-

• The MSS- koa

uTrjC^ IlCSTAM’lij ACCTPKNT.

403

RustAm 4^pcr) n great tiftugur,’ It Aeetna tliat lie had taken aim at a mark and Hred his ffun- Then he nt- loaded, and as his hullet was very flexible, be reated the gun on hia eheat and put the bullet lietween bis teeth in order tliat he might contract it and put it right. By chance the match reached the pan, and liis cheat at the piacf where Ltic gun ivaa reating wm burnt to the extent of the palm of the hand, and tlie gmins of powder got into luH skill and tlwh and a wound was maile, and lie suffered mucli jaiin.*

On Sunday (?), the IGttn* four niigaw were killed, tiinH* females and one t^dkm * nilgaw. On .MulArak-

^nmija (Tiiuinday) 1 went to look round a liiil volley in which there wan a waterfall near the camp. At this «eB,soii It had but little water, but as for two or three days they had dammed the Watercourse and, about the time of my reaching the place, let it loose, it flowed over vei^’ well. Its height might be 20 ptc;. It separates at the top of the bill and Hows down. In this way it ia a great Ixxm on the road,

Having enjoyed tlie usual cups on the edge of the stream

and the shade of the hill, I c&iiie tiock to the nnimp

at night. Oil this day the ^tnindar of Jaitpur, whose olfences I hml forgi’ven at the request of niy son Shah Jahfiit, had the good fortune of kissing the tluvsliald. On Friday, the 18tli, a large blue IjuJJ and a bukra, aiKl OD Saturday, the lOth, two foinalcs, were killed,

’ Twt ‘fscilt,’ >mt tlM» IISSl Dhow that tho wonl U ^Ao^.

• djiiljftr. ■

• Thci iKWHAffif « otwsclirflr ftfui the tUy ttrH throw mnuh light m

]L tV>rtMiuE 4 l^ ror the Mir**, ihm w&a na byllct ic hut Tbe

^rd whicli I h4-i9 trnnBlaM hy ‘fletJliki’ ij» rurr^ji. Uw

meeting 1 liihf iliffmnx. ri»tHhl;r it in hv woalcl hr« & ^hot ud then relcwiL At <iJ hlit l!Kul]i^tJi hod Jihot. he put p 4 lLat

into hLv Muth wnd wjrf pJ-Jiiijfig It,” ptc.

■ Hp spoken of TuvftiUy an the mh S Anil oa did

not fsiiciot Saihcky uiuxt be a mutAhe fur WedneaiAf-. || in

WednttsdAy ia LO. M-S. 305.

• PetihAtH here mtmXm a nuJe di^a v * IfiUtra meAua a1^ a be-^l.

404

HUNTING. A GOOD SHOT*

Aa Kiy hnntfinu^n ri^pi^^eTitcfi that there Wfli; mu eh vame in the pargdiiali of Hasilpur, J lelt my large eamp at this halting-place, and on Sunday, the 20ih, and witJi flomt! of my close attendant^i, haHtenecl to lla^^llpuTp a diidanee of ^ kotk 3Iir lIo.sAiiiii-d-diii^ son of 31 ir Jama]o-d-din Husain injO^ who has the title of ■Ajudu’d’ daulah, was promoted to the niansnh, original and increiwe^ of 1^000 persomil and 400 horse. I pn?^^:nted Ysldgar [iiiaain QCi^h-hegi and Yildg^r Qurchi, who had been appointed to do <liity in Bangaah. with an elephant eocii. On this day some IjuKainl gmpea without seeds arrived from Kabul j they were very fresh. Tlte tongiie of tliia suppliant at the throne of God fails in gratitude for the favours by which^ notwithstanding a dintance of three months, grapes from Kabul arrive quite fresh in tlie Deecaii. On 3[onday, the 2lst. three small blue bulla, on Tut^sday^ the 22nd, one blue ^bull and three isow’h, and on Kam-^ariiba (Wednesday)* the 23rd^ one cow% wt-iie killed. On Mnbanik-shamba, the 24th. a feast of cupa was held on the bank of the tank of tia^ilpur. Cups w’ere presented to my son Shah Jalifui and some of the great Amirs and private servants. On Yusuf Ktan, son of Husain Khnn (TukriyuhX ^vho was of the homiyeborti onia worthy of patronage, was bestowed the mansah of 3,000 pc^roonaj and 1,500 horse, original and increase, and he was dismissed to the fmijdarship of CondwAna. dignifying him with a gift of a dreos of honour and an elephant. Ray Biliiirr Ms, the diwan of the Subah of the D^ean, had the good fortune to kios the threshold- On Fnday Jan-ripAr Oan was exalted with a standard, presented with a horse and a dress of honour^ and drapatched to Ehe Oeccon. Ttiis day I made a romarkabie H ot with A gum By chance there wa.s inside the piihicc a Wimii tree (Jfinuuiop^ Ktiuki). A qurl^a^ (?) came

b Bienti^aed nj haviDg

ikbaL Pflrhap^ i gre^n pipjan is iniaJit,

gHOOTINO,

405

ajid flat OR a lii^h bmncli, and I aaw iU breaflit la the itiidut of it. J at it arid atruck it in the middle

of iisj breast; from where [ atood to the top of the bmDcIi wart 22 ^;;az_ On Saturday, the 26th, marching about 2 kofl, I pitohed nt the vilJagis of Kamulpfir. On this 6*3” I shot a blue bullJ Bufltaiu was

one of the principal attendants of tuy s»n Shah Jah^n and w’ho had been apptjinted from Burhanpur with ii Jiody of the royal aervanta against the zafnin<hirs of Goodwana, having taken a tribute of ]1D elephantn and I20,OCKI rupees, eanie this da^^ to wait upon nic- ZiVliid, acjn of .^aja’at Khan, wm given the niansab of 1,000 pciwiiml and 400 horne, original and increarte. On Sunda}’, the 2Ttli, 1 hunt43d wdth hawks WJid falcoiis. On 3 foniLLa 3 r I killed a large blue bull and a bukra ; the buJJ weighed 12| mannds. On Tuertdaj-, the 29th, a blue bull was killed. Hahlal Idi3’‘iLim and Allah’^‘Aj: inline from aervico in Gondwfina, and had the gocxl fortune to wait upon me. Bahlul KhiUi ifl the aoti of EiaHan ^Eiyana, uxid Mi3^aha is an Afghan tribe. In the ooTiiOiDnceinent of his career Hastm was a servant of SAdiq lifian, but a serA’ant w^ho reeogni.3Ded the king (worthy of a king^s flcrviee), and was at last included ojiiong the fti 3 ‘a| servants and died on serAdee in the l)e<rcajn After hia death hitt sons Were granted mansaljiHi. Ho Eiad eight sons, and two of them became famous os swordsmen. The ehler brother in luH 3 “outh gave up the deposit of hLs life. Ekihlul by degreed was promoted to tbe inansab of l.CfOQ. At this time 103 ^ son ^ah Jahan arrived at Burlianpur, and, finding him worth 3 ’ of patts^nage, made him hopeful wnth a man^b of 1,500 pei’rci’iml and L ,0DO horae. As he luid not 3 “et waited on me and was very desiroua to kiss tho thrt^hold, 1 rtumiimned him to Court. He is in truth

^ A4[t^ withoiat iho additioa of gam. Tfas Illtd gor or dwfr^t

It (tJi.

40e STRAXfJE KASMMItl.

^ gncKi Kltrirkii-KRdji (hoiiHeliuld-boitk ina/^niuch as Ivia huart is ftjclurfi«d witli th*^ pcrfL^stion of bravyry and hm yxtyrior iw not watilitig in api>eArancy. Tin!! nnini^ih

my HOP Jaliaii had iHiJtpcirkyn for him graated

at hift and wna hopourod with tho title of

S4ir-buliind Allah-yiir Koka wai^ also a bravy youth

and a m^rvant worthy of patronage. Finding him fit and Huitable for service iti tny piMetiee^ J aunt for him to Court. On Kain-idkainba (Wednesday), the lat of the mouth of A^r, I went out Ui hunt and ahot a blue bull. On thi-H day the Kualiuiir ^ reportJi wore laid before me. One was that in the house of a eertaiu dlk^iteller two girls were boni with teeth, and with tludr backs as far na the wals$t Joined together, but the heads, anus, and legH were swpirate ; they lived a ahort time Jind died. On Jtubhrak-^andia, the ^nd, on the hank of ii tank where ray ten to wire, a feast of cups w^aa held. Presenting La^kar KhAn with a drusa of honour iind an elephant, I proiaoted him to th« duty of diwan of the Subik of the Deccan^ and gave him the inansah of 2^500 personal and 1,500 horse, original and increase. To each of the Wakils of ’ AdiI KJbaii two* kauJLrih^UfMi* (Imiweope star) niiihrs, the weight of each of which was 500 ordinary mukr^, were given, I gave a horse and robe of honour to Sar-huland IQuim Ah Htting service and approved activity were manifest in AlJah-yar Koka, I honoured him with the title of Hiniumt HliAn and gave him a dress of honour, On Friday, the 3rd. I n^relied 4^ ko« oi^d Imitcd the royal standards in the parganali of Dilditan.* (hj Saturday also I inkirched 4jf ko« and luitted at the township of Dhar.

DliAr ia one of the old cities, and Raja Bhoj, w ho was

1 EJliet, Ti, ss±

■ Tli* * ii ocnitted in toit.

• tn Suklr Mind A (JutvK. it, -JOTlL Debt tV)i«ad’w tllndi vertion hu |k»bnd.

ALx: 01 T>T OF dhJw.

407

one oF the greftt of HinduhtAd, lived in it From

hiM time 1,000* years luive piwed, end in the time of tlie Sultans of MeUva it avils for a lonn time the cnpiteL At the time when SulfAn ^tllbA 1 nu 1 lld Tdghltiq was proceeding; to the conquest of the Ilecean, Jte built a fort of cut f^tuiie on the top of ii ridge. Out^iidc it U very showy and handsome, but inside the fort ia rievuid of buildings. I ordered them to measure its lengthy breadth, and height. ITie length imdde the fort was 12 7 gaz; the breadth, 17 tanab, 1^ gaz, and the

breadth of the fort wall Jtl^ Its height up to the

hnttlements nppeartil to be ITj gaz. The length of the outer circuit (?) of the fort was 55 tanalja. “Amid Shah fihori, who was called Oil A war Kliain and who in the time of Sul Ian Muban iiiiadi huh of SullAn FtruK, king of Delhi, iiad coinplvU’ aiitJiority over the province of ifnlwa, built the Jaini’ moHiju (5 in the inhabitable jMirt outside the fort, and opposite the gate of the nio«i|UB fixed a qniuirangular iron column. When Sultan BahAclur of Gujarat took the province of ^[ulwa into bis ow n po^K-ssion^ ho wished to transfer this column to Gujarat. Tlie artiticera did not take pn^per precautions when they low’eriMii it, and it fell and broke intn two pLceeft, one of them of 7J gaz and the other of 4} gaz. The column was IJ gaz round. Ah it WBA lying there usek^, I ordered them to take the larger piece to Agra and put* it up in the courtyard of the iiiausoleiiin of H,M. Akbar, and to buni a lamp on the top of it at wight. Tlie aforesaid nio^|ue haft two gates. In front of the areh uf one some isentences

in prtm‘ iiave been carve«l on a stone tablet; their pur]X>rt is tluit *Amid Shah Cihc>ri founded thift mosque in the

1 The b*v# " rawft thim Bhoj’i ilato, AcoPTiliDg to

Tod. i* Ml jiL». MvnHt, ti,

• Thj .4 inin piUnr ^ not Tunw in exiMniw mt mAUMleum of A!kbar (Nfftfl <4 Sajryid TTnr pietm dl tlk« isttsi* W atiU at

Dhiir, onUide tho LAi ^aijbdi it.‘Or* nev ttt* ^Sd).

408

SirOOTlJfO OF AK ALLIOATOB.

yw 870,‘ and on the n«h of the other gate a qat^uU has bceh H’ritten, and the^ic few coupleta arc from it_

The? 3ord of thfr fcg®, tha star cuf th(r nphm of glory,

Cfliilro of tha of thu e&rth, mn of the of jMrfDctioii^

Aj^-tum and #up|mrE of rtfligkiun law, ‘AmliJ ^hAh tJta’QAj^^

1r who^ cfoollirat Chor glorias

HalifcW tLnd iiTotcpctor of Iho Faith of thu Prophat, Dilaaiu- KJ^n, Who lm» Wn cboRcn by tha mmt Lord (<3od|,

Fcnundoti tho Tfi4xLi’’ m«iqua In tho oity of Dhilr,

At a f<>rtEm 4 &a, aiu|Hcioiii{ time, on a day of luppy omoo,

Tha date of eight hundred aiuL Movoti* had gaMtsaiJ When the €durt of hopes Was conipiaUxL by Forturw,”

Wtien DilAwar Khilii gave up the deposit of his life there nraH no king witli full donuiiicui over HiiidiuitAii, and it was a time of confusion. Hushang, son of Dilawar f£haii. lAIjo u’aH Just and posseesk^ of eouragCp seoin^ his opportunity, sat on tlie throne of sovereignty in Slalwa. After Ids death through dtjstiny the ruhs was transferred ♦ to Mahmud lihalji. son of liJirm Jahan, who had been Vjxier to and passed from him to

hi» son QhiyAsu-d-dm, and after Iiiin to Nnsiru-d^Iti, son of QbiyBS“-d*din, who gava his fattier poisou and sat on the throne of infamy. From tiini U passed to his son Mail mud. SuMn BaliAdur of Gujarat took from Mahnifid the province of Sfalwa. The succession of kings of Matwa ended with the aforesaid Mahnifid.

On Monday, the Btli. I went to hunt and shot a female nilgaw. Presenting an elepJiant to MirzA t^harufti-d-din ffusain KaH)|<diari, I dismissed hitii to duty in the Suliah of Bangasl), A present of a Jewelled dagger, a muhr of 100 tolos. and 20.000 darhs was made to ijda Rnm. On Tuesday, the 7th. 1 shot an alligator in the tank at I>h.\r. Though only the top of his anont was visible and the rest of his body was liiddeti in the water. I Kred

“ oomot. for KHwor ocn>iuarad Msiwa

• FroUblF this meaiu that ‘Amid wait Uio nan tif iK’od,

^ Tfiit Tib bug. jhflulid ho 7. ^7 = I+Ui3.

• A oon of Mubunnuid intervfinetl.

mAH JAUAN GIVEN AN ANCESTRAL Rl’HY. 40 H

at a an4i hit him in his and killerj him with

a ain^le shot. An alli^nitor is of the erocmlilig And in most of the ri%“crH of HinilustAiL and

very lav^a. 1’hls one not so very big. An alligator has been seen (by me) 8 ga£ long and I ga?. in brcailth. On Sandayi njarcrhing 4| km, I halted at Sa‘dAlprir. In ttiin village there U a stream over w’hieh N^^iru-d-din J^halji hnilt a bridge and erected buildingn. It is a place like KriliyfMla, and both are his worlcR Although his building is not worthy of praise, yet as it liiw been built m the river-b^?d ajid the}” have inade rivuleLs and reservairsj it is somewhat remarkabic. At night I ordered them to place lamps all round the eanals and pitreHiiis, On Mubarak^^atid^a (Thursday)» ttie 9tlL a feast of cups was held. On this day I made a present to my son Shah Jiihaii of a nib}’ of one colour^ vi^eighing it tanks and o surkh, of the value of 125,000 rupees, with two peariN. This k the ruby which hod Wn given to my father at the time of niy birth by Hazrat ifaryam- inakanl, mother of H.M. Akbar, by way of present when my face was ahown^ and was for luany years in his (turban onmment). After him I also happily wotv it in my sarpich. Apart fn>m its value and ileliencyp as it had eome dow^n as of auspicious atigiity to the everlasting State, it was lu^oived on niy son. HEisdng

[ub(vti£ bJjan to a maiiBJib of 1,500 personal and horse. 1 appointed him to the faujdar^hip of the province of Mew’ilit, distinguishing him with the present of a dre^ of honour^ A HWohlp and an elephant. A sworfi was given to Him mat KhaiL son of Rustam hdiiiii. I gave Kama) Khiin, the huntHmaiL w^ho b one of the old J^rvanta anil is alwa}^ present with me on hunting expeditions, the title of ^l^ikAr Khan (hunting-IUiAn). Appointing Vdii Ram to iiervite in the Sutiah of the iJeeeou, I conferred oil him a dresH of hoiiourp. an elephant, and Iraij (lit. wund-footed ones), and sent wuth him for the

BUILDING OF WAYSIDE WELLS.

4 JO

Ctut»mftiidt.‘r*in-Chie’f, Khankjianan, the Atalk|, a special flilt daggir On Friday, tlie 10th, I halted.

Od .Saturday, the 11 th, 1 inarched ilj kos and halted at the village of Halwat’ On Sunday, the 12th, iiiarehmg 3 koR, t halted in the parganah * of Badnor. This parganah from the time of my fatlier had been m the jagjf of Kir^o Dor Mfiry > and in fact had become a kind of waifin (native country) to him. He had constructed gardenii and huildiiij^ Out of these one was a well (/««(?) (fltep-well probably) on the mad, which appeared exceedingly pleasant and well made. It occurred to me that if a well liud to be made anywhere on a rondHide It should be built like this one. At least two such ought to be I mule.

On 5!onday. the 13ih, I went to hunt and allot a blue hull. From the day on which the elephant Xur-bakht was put into the Kpccial elephant .Htablcs, there w-as an order that he should be tied up in the public palace {^rtt Among animals elephants have the greatest liking for water ; they delight to go into the water, not* withstanding the winter and the ccildness of the air. and if there should be no water into which they can go, they Will take it fmui a water-lnig (ifUMAA;) witli their trunks and pour it over their Wies. It occurred to me that however much an elepliaiit delights in water, and it is smted to their temperament, yet in the winter the cold water must affect them. I accordingly ordered the water to be made lukewarm (as warm as milk) before they (tin, eleplmiita) pound it into their trunks. On other days when they pt>ured told water over theni.selvea they evidently Hhivensd, but with warm water, on the eontmrv thuy were delighted. ‘Hih u.Rage is entirely my oum. ‘ ’

I Tfsi MS& liRve .tnlot <M in th* Eimli vvnikin).

aloraonid.” B«t ttc AlJjS. Iuv« B«diinr. Fee

411

On Tueisdtty, the ]4tb^ inareliinfr 0 k-oe^ I halted at SiJj^rli ?Sahjilgarh t}. On Wednesckiy, the 15 th, crosHin^ the ^fnlii River^ n halt Viiin inaile near RAiJi^^irh. A inat^h o£ ti kofl was nm4^ on Tiiursciayp the Idthp and a halt was made and a feast of cups held at a vvaterfall i^mr the camp. Distii];^islnn” Sar-buJainl lihiiii with a Hcandatd antJ ^living him an elepliniit, I dianiisaed him to do duty in the iJcccan. Hia tiiarisab, ori^^nal and incipease^ waa fixed at 1500 personal and I^^OO horse. Raja Ehim Xamyaii^ j^uninriar of (iadeha. who had been promoted to the rnansab of 1,000 liOR»e, obtained leav^e to |£0 to hia ja^r. Having niised llaja Bharjiv, Zainindar of Baglana^ to the iiiaiisaib of 4,000, I gave hi in leave to go to fiia native country’, and an order vvna given that when he amve<i there he should send to Court his eldest son, who was hLs succespMir, that he might do duty in my presence. I hoaoure^l llnji Bal^ch, w ho w-ns the chief of the hunts¬ men and was an active and old stsrvotit, wntli tlse title of BalOch liluiri. On Friday, the 17t1i, marching 5 koa, J alighted at tlie village of DM vain. On Saturtljiy, the IHtli, W’hich was the feoat of Qurljan, after the QurMn ritCH hiid been performed, marching koa* I halted on the lniiik of the tank of the village of XAgor,^ On +Suijdii>% the loth* inarehing uljuut 5 kos, the royal standarrls w’cre erected on the Muk of the tank of the village of Sninriya. On liloniJay, the 20th. marehing 41 koH, we alighted nl the chief plate of the Uohad* parganah. Tlib parganah is on the boundary between Mahva and Gujarat. Until I passed Bad nor the wdiole country wm a jungle* with an abundance of trees and stony land. On Tuesday, the £ halUid, On Kain-

^aiiiha (WednesflflyX the 32nd. marching 5^ km, 1 halted at the village of HanjRd (Renav ?), On Thursday, the 2ard* I halted and held a feast of cups on the bank of

I MSS. l^har.

^ DubOt ia MSS. Bui P^iul mm* u it miMn* iwo tiiiuadoriH.

412

CARyATH: JUGOI.EBS. LOT[:s yiOWKtlS.

the village tank. On Friday, the 24th. marching 21 ko8. the Poj-tt! statidnnls were Iioi.xted nt the viiJago of JAJot. At tliw halt aoine jugglers, from the Caintttic eatne and ahoweri thrir tricks. One of them placed one end of an iron ch««. 51 ^ in length and weighing 1 seer and

• tianw. in his thmat und slowly swallon-ed it with the ««d of water. It was for a while in his stomach; after th« he bought it up. On Saturday, the 25th. there was

at the nlJa;^ of *Nf,ndah. On Monday, the 27th, also

Tu^ay, the 2fith, marching a| k«,, the royal sta,idard« ! township of Sahrii* on the edge of

a tank. The flower of the Iotas, which in the Hindi angmrge th^-calj A-nmtirfinf. « of th*tw e-oloutn-whifce

^t ha^ever seen the red In this tank red flowers wero

XhtfTZ ‘r’

oeiightful flower, as they liuve said^

■‘»ro[n mjn«M tafpwmisto it will k^U avay’’*

r«L lri“ n l-v™ (P.II.W I, i, i,

k«n.«d,n,. » tb. i, . |„.j a„.i

It often happt^ns that the kanwal flower cIohcs and s, ^ «-! aa

•iDk “**“ >’» bD

a wttor.Uty * Ji’t-bbbl/, ’ the Suwiit- o# IEh! tank.’ Jt »Bei»i» to be

TAS* S£:^” KALI WANT.

41^

the bee reni&ini^ in it the whole ni^ht. In the s^nie rjiunncr it reiimini^ in the kurnudini fltiwer. WFieii the flaw^er opeiw it comes out ftud flies iiway. As the bkek’ bee !a II CouHtiint utteiidoiit on thene flowers, the poets of India look on it m a lover of the flower, like the nightingale, jiiid liave put into verse siibliuie descriptions of it Of ihcJW: poets the chief wiis Tm. Kalfiwaiifc, | who was without a rival in my father’s service (in fact^ i til ere has been no si nger Jlku h im iti any time or ageh In one of his compositions he has Jikenetl the face of II jonng man to the stin and the opening of his eyes; to the expanding of the kanwal imti the exit of the bee. In another place he has coinpareil the side-glance of the beloved one to the motion of the kanwal when the bee alights on it.

At this place rigs aiTived froin AlimudaboxJ. Although the rigs of Biirhanpur ere sweet and Tvell-grown, these tigft atv sTveeter and with fewer sceda^ and one may eal! them 5 per cent Ix^tter. On Kam-Hhaniba, the 2flth* and >[uteitLk-^ainbu, the ^Oth, wc halted^ At this stage Sjir-faraii l^kxi caijie from AhumdabaJ and had the good fortune to kiss the threahol.d. Ont of hm oflTeringa a isisaiy of pearb, bought for ] 1 000 rui>ees, two elepJiants. tTVo horses two ljullocks and a ridmg cart, and noine pieces of Gujarati cloth* Were accepted, and the remainder presented to hiuL Sar-foraz liJjAn Ls a giandson of Mu^bib Beg, by which name he was called by Akbar after his grandfather, who wba one of the AmirH of Huumyfln. !n the beginning of my reign 1 increased his mauHab and appjinted hiiii to the Subah of GujaniL A-s he luid an hereditary coniiection with the Court as a Khana-^Jida (one born in the house), he proved himself efficient in the Subah of Gujarat Considering him worthy of patronage, 1 gave him tlie title of Sar-farAz fQian and raised him in the world* and his iiianBab has risen to 2,000 personal and 1,000 burse. On Friday*

414

FISH, PAJIOANATI DOHAD,

the l^it of Dwy, I morchod Uj km imfl hnlted on tlie bank of the tank of At this stag’s Ray Min. captain

of the Khidinatiya,^ caught n rt/hil Ksh and btoiiiFht it, A-s I am particular!;- pnrtial to the flesli of tish, especially that of tlie rohu, whicli IJS the best kind of Ikh in Hindustan, and I Imrl never, notwitlistandiii^ much cnquiiy-, had one for eleven niontha from Hie time of crossing the jioHs of (Ihatl Cluind * until the presemt time, and now obtained it, I was greatly delighted, I piesented a liorHs to Ray ilfin. Although the parganah of Hohad is reckoned os n-ithiii the boundary oF Gujarat, yet, in fact, it O’na from this stage that all things aptiearLsl dlHereut. The open plains and soil are of a different kind; the people arc dilfeixmt and tho language of another description, Tlie jungle that appi>ared on the rcnid luw fruit’bearing trees, such an the tiiango and ktdrav and tamarind, and the method of guattling the cultivated Helds is with hedges of The cultivators stjpamte tlicir Held« with

cactus, and leave a narrow mad between them for coming and going. Since all thin country has a sandy soil, when any movcuicut takes place, sto much Umst rwisa that the fneoH of people are seen wHth difficulty, so that one should call Ahmadabad ‘Gutdabad ’«(abode of Hust)i. On Stituniay, the 2nd, having marched 3J kos, I encamped on the Ijonk of the Maiii. On Sunday, the Urtl, again after a mawh of 3J kos, I lialted at the village of Banlala. At this stage n nnmWr of inan!«iljdars who had been appointed to servo in Gujarat had tin? good fortune to kiss the thruahold Morcliing R kos un Monday, tlic 4th, the royal

’ yiiwy tlui tMli ef Vasedi,*’ tbe fMtft mothw of Kri-thes »

■ Blwlintann, p.

» Jsii^glr the iilAil ChuPKi or Chflnil, Aimam

italwa, II, the lJU, Jrtw (»« p, IT^J,

any »ha fiiih there. Parhap* llw nfereDce is to hu halt at R«i,i»Hr i*ortIy h^ure eominjf U> Ghlti C,^lMd. He got 104 whu at Koiiimu’ See p, lea

• Elliot, Vi, 35 «.

Account OK CANBAt.

415

atandArdfl halUni ftt CliitrJwImA, and the next day, Tuenday, after a nmrch of 5 kos, in ftai^nah Moiidii.* On this day three blue bulls were killeil; one was lftT;^r than the others and weighed 13 niaunds and 10 seers. ^On Wednesday, the fith. I niarthed (i kos and halted isj) ^argenah Xnrynd.* In passing throHgh the town I watteixsl 1,500 rupees. On ThuTsdft3-, the 7 th, tnorching (ij koH, I halted in tlie pargrtimh of Pitliid.* In the country of (Jiijarat there is uo larger pargannh than this; it has a revenut- of 700,000 rupees, esjtial to 23,000 current tumans of Ini^ The population of the town too, is dense. Whilst 1 passed thrr>iigh »t J scattered 1,000 rupees. All iiij’ mind ia bent upon this, that under any pretext the people of God may be benelitcd. As the chief waj’ of riding among the people of this country is iti carts, I also wi,s|ied to trac’d in a catrt. I aat for 2 kos in a cart, but was much troubled with the dust, aiul after this till the end of the stage node on horseback. On the toad Jimjarrub Khiin came from Ahmadaljod. and liad the gocsl fortutie to wait on me, and pretH?nti>d an odering of u ptiarl ho luid lx>ught for 30,000 rupees. On Friday’, the 8tJi. tnarehiug 04 kos. the place of the descent of prosperitj’’ wjis On the shore of the salt sea.

Cainisiy * i» one of the old pi>rte. According to the bruhinins, several thousand 3’ears have ptKi(n><l since its foundation. In the Ijcgiuning its name was Trimbawato and Raja Tryuinljak Kutiwar had the gov’ernmont of the countrj’. It would take too long to write 10 detail the cinruuisbinces of the afonxsaid Ktya as the brahmias relate it. Ill brief, w’hen the turn to the government came round

1 Mriftrliiili nf JiuTtll> ii,

■ TcKl XilAo. Xu par^aiHkli mentioned in iIm? Ajin ; tl» two I.Q, hm■l^9 Nftrji’Ad.

• PilttttI IH wonLionwl in (lujoiwt, ft, ■« * Very lurlfw

it ii thn of Jarrett, ih Teit wrongly NiJil*.

PwKtiikty Btill u tho pAfg&mJi miistiOl.

^ EHiot, id, 353,

ACCOUNT OF CAllBAY.

4 m

to Raja Abhay Kuiti&r,^ who vfam one of htn f’mndsonB, by the decree of heaven a great caktutty happened to thk city* So much dust aiid Cftrth were poured ou it tiiat nil the houik-n and hnildjngs were hidden, nsid the iiienn.s of livLdihood of many people wnn destroy’^ed. Before the arrivaj of this calamity, «ii idol (/>»’(), which the Rnjn wrorshlpped, came in a dreniii and announced this event. Tlie Rajn with his fauiily emhnrked in n ship, and carried away the idol with them with a pilkr it had hchiud it for a support. By chauce the ship also wa.s witked by a storm of misfortUDc. As there was left still ft term of life for the Raja, that pilkr bore the boat of his existence in safety to tlife shore, and lie proposed to rebuild the city. He put up the pilkr us a mark of repopulatiou and the coming together of the peoples. As in the Hindi language they call a pilkr isltnnhk and k/iunM, they <».1led the city Istathhhnagari and Kliarnhitwatf, and Boiuetiines also TrimhAwatl, in connection with the Raja’s natiie ; KhamhAwati has by degrees and much nse become KhambHyat (Cambay), Tliis port is one of the largest pork in Hindiwtem and is near a firth, which is one of the firths of the Sea of Oman, (t has been estimated to bo 7 kos in width, and ntiftrly 40 kos in length, Sliips cannot come inside the firth, but must cast anchor in the port of Ciogft, which is a dependency ® of Cambay and situated near the soa> Thence, putting their cargoes iDtD ghitrObs* (eommouly called ‘gmls’) they bring them to the port of Cambay, In the same way, at the time of loading iv ship they (any the cargo in ghurahs and put it in the ships. Before the arrival of the victoriouB host Fiioine ghuiabs from Kuropeaii porta hiwl come to Cambay to buy and sell, and were about to return. On Sunday,

• Tho I.O. haVu Abkiiy trr Atfal Kujt.

• Tiefent^halur^ |x 38*)^ otc-, Uu ui ittUynSfstin^ rvotlcv of CnmW?. Mu mlm glv^ a wltoich oi iii bmy fiiilAift Exxii).

^ Now m ii|i tliat no Ullcrabty Timr^ veswl iAd Appmich it,

« AbEl-^{M liicra (JuT^t^ 11^ 2^^

AtX’UUNT OF C Aim AY.

4ir

the lOth, they decoraited them aiid kHow^hJ theni to mo. Taking leave they went al:i>ut tlieir busine.^. On Monday, the 11th. I myself went on Ixmrd a ghnrab for about II ho^ on the face of the water. On Tuesday, the 12th, I went out with cheetahn (yils), and captured two^ antelope. On WtKlnejMlay, the J3th^ I went to ace the tank o( Taran^ar (XaningMr ?)p^and pa^ai thraugh the streets and hiiwir on tlie way, saiiatterin^ neatly 5,000 rupeea. In the time of H.^h Akbat (may Atlah^a li^hta be bis tcJitiioutiy), KalyAn Rily, tlie superintendent of the i>ott> by His Mujeaty’s order built a wall qf brick and cement round tlic city, and niiLny uierclumti^ came from varinu.H ciUArters and settletl thcrc% and built fine bonacB and employ themseK™ in ^^inini^^ their HveliJiood under eaay cimum- atancesu Althoujtfh its market is ^mat], it is clean and full of people. In the time of the SuItiinH of (iujarot the customs of this port came to & kr^ sunu Xow in my rei;^i it is ordered that they should not take moi^ than one in forty. In other ports, calling it a tithe, they take one in ten or one in eighti and give nlJ kinds of trouble to merehants and travellertt Id Jeddah, wdiich Ls the port of Mecca, they take one in four or even more. One may imagine from this what the cuHtorus of the ports of tjujamt iiitist have come to in the time of the former nilcrs, (tjo<i be pralseiJ that this supplzant at the throne of God obtained the grace to remit the whole of the customs dues of his dominions, which came to a oouutloss sum, and the very name of customs has pn^^/

aw ay fToiii my eiupin^ At this time an order w as given I tlmt tankas* of golcTand silver should be coined twice the w^eight of ordinary muhrs and rnpees. Tho legKiud

i La itsa hate • ten.*

■ Tdi TslrwHs* Ponftiblji’’ KheukI reed tUTQnt/ {TrivesJ^* mtfJ ihe

meankaa be Lhmt JaiiAD^r went to m the hem in the fiuU<^

iltiLmkLjph

■ Sw KUiot, ri, And note.

418

NBW

on the gold coin was on one aide the words Jnhfiiigir- 1027 (1018), and on the reverse " Struck m

Caiuhay in the 12tli year of the teignThe legend for silver ^ns was on one side “ Sikka, Jahangir.Nhahi. 1027”: round it this henvistioh, King Jahangir of the eunquering tay atrack this’’; and on the reverse. “ Ootned at Cambay

in the 12th year of the reign," with this second hendatich round it—

’ Whf 0 after tha cooijuest of tira Deecan Ibe MiEklO,”

t*m$ to (lajiumt from

In no reign except mint> hiive tiinkem tjeen toini^ except of copper the gold rttid Hilver t^inlvo^ are 1113 ’’ invention.

I ordered it to be called the JahftngiTi coinage. On Mutatak-^aniba (Tliiitsday), the 14th. the offering of AtiiAtiat ISJjan, the saperinteiidciit of OtnnW,

was laid before me in tho women’s a^Mirtiiieiits. His iitansab was fixed, original and increase, at 1,500 petsoiiaj and 400 horse, \f.m-d-din Qutl wa.H honoured with the mansnl,. original and increase, of 3.000 personal and 000 W On Friday, the I5th, mounted on the elephant ^ur4Jaklj^, 1 wade it mn after a lioise. It ran exceedingly

stopped stood well. This is the th^ time that I myself have ridden it. On Satuitlay. the 10th. Ram Das son of Jay Singh, was pmmottd to the iimusab. onjpnal and mcrea.se. of 1,.500 persrmal and 700

• the I7th. an elephant each was given to Wian, Amaimt Kljan, and Sayj-id Baymjid Bilrha,

shored ir* during which I wa.«! encamped on the h,re of the salt sea, mctcluinte. traders, indigent people, other iidmlHUnts of the port of Cambay L iurbLn

a dr:rL^^r :Lro:^vT^ "

flt trd^ tiling riioni:* 3 ‘’(iriii^LBtiuieo

of ‘-Wf. and

Tha be cerreetol te itSj 8i»yK

FISH ASD VEOKTAHLES*

419

m living. On this iUy, Saj-^^id 3!ul|j\mnnL^, F^lub Sajituiu <Loiid of the prayer carpet) of Shah “Aliim (a niow^ue near Ahinadab^), the sons of Shaikh 3^rul,iarnniad Shaikh Haidar, gnmd»on of Mtyfin Wajlhu-d-din^ and other Shaikh.^ living at Ahmadabod came to mcH^t mu and pay thndr respectai. As my desiirc to itee the sea and the flow ami ebb of the water, [ halted for ten days, and on Tuesday’, the 19th (Day. about :iOtli Det-enil>er, 161 a), the rftyaJ standards ntarteil for Ahmndabnd. The best description of flsh procurable in this place, the mime of which is ‘firbiyfti} %vaa caught and freqnentl_v bruuglit for me by the Hshermen. Without doubt these Hsh are, as eoTnjhsred with other tis^li of this country, more delicious and better* but they are not of the flavour of the roh fl. One might say us nine to ten or even eight to tciL Of the food which ia peculiar to the people of Oiijarat there is the k/iiffhfi of biijpd (a mixture of split pcaa and millet t)oiled together); this they also call It

is a kind of split gniin, which does not grow in anv other country^ but Hindustan, and which in comparison adth many other regions of India b* more abundant in Oujarat; it is cheaper tlmn mast vegetables. As ] had never eaten it, I ordered them to make some and bring it to me. It is not devoid of good flavour, and it suited me welL I ordered that on the days of abstinence, when 1 partake of dishes not made with flesh, they sliould freqocntly bring me this kliicliri. i)n the said Tn.srky, having marched bj kos, I halted at the villagu of Kosala. On Wednesda}”, the 20th, I parsed through the pargatmh of Babi% ■ and halted on the book of the river. This was a march of 0 has. On Muliunik- ^andm, the 21 at. I balh^l aod bold a feast of cups. In thirt river 2 caught many Hsli, nod divided them among the servanta who wero present at the feast On Friday, the 22nd. having tiiovei on 4 kos, 1 pitched at

1 Or •Amlti lAmbEKn ?). ^ M Itar or Nit^j in LO. Maii

45JO rOR I’OllTEKiS. F^WOrS TAXE.

the village of Burlclui On this road, wall?^ came iJi sight frojii 2\ to 3 . 7 a = in length, and on em|uiiy it appeiifiM] that people Iwid imide them from the det^m^ of Npiriimil rewftpch When u porter h tired on the roiiiJ he plnct^ his buitleii on the wall and gairrs his breath a little, und lifting it up again with ojikc and without assifitnnEra from anyono proceeds towanls his destination. Tliis is one of the peculiar ideiia of the petiple of Gujarati The building uf tlieflo walls plejukd mo gimtly, and I ordered that in all large fcowms ^ they should nmke walls of this kind at the imperial expense, thi. Saturday^ the marching

4 j kos, tlie camp was pitcluxl at the Kfmkriya tank. Qutbu-d-diii Muhamnuul, grandson of Sululu Ahmads the founder of the city of AliintidaWdp made this and

plac*^ round it steps of stone and cement. In the middle of the Uuik he eoiistmctcd a little ^pirden and some buildings. Between the Ijank of Uie tank and these buildings he iiad made a causew^ay, which was the w^ay for entering and leaving, Since this occurred a long time agOp most of the buildings had Iweoiiie ditapidated, and there no place left Ht to frit in. At the time when the host of prosperrity wm alKiut to proceed towards Ahinadubad, Safi Klinn. hsikli^ii of (fiijanit, repinrcd at the cxptmse oT govertiiiienfc what wav broken down and in ruins, and clearing out the little garden erected a new building in it. Certainly it is a place extetdingly enjoyable and pleasant. Its style pleased me. On the side where the causeway Is, Ni^Amu-d -din Ah mad,^ w^ho Will?? for a W’hile bikhshi of (iujarat in my fathers time, had made a gankm on the bank of the tank. At thia time a representation w^u-s made to me that ‘Abdudlah Kbnn, io coasecjuence of a dispute that he had with ^Abid, soil of Ni?Jimu-d-dlii Ajiinad, cut dowui the trees of this garden. 1 also heard that during his govenmicat

^ LO. hft* all Uaoritici of

’ Th-e liietonAa.

account of i RAT&INO OF THE UEAO*

4^21

lie. At a witi0 priiiy, si^ed to a iflAVe, and cut off the head uf an unfortunate man who was not waiithl;^ fun and jesting, ineroly in a sUitu of drunkenness

he had uttetvd aonie improper espres^ionw bj" WI13’ of a Joke. On hearing these two reports, my sense of justice was shocked, ancl I ordered the Diwans to change one thousand of his twodiorscd and Ihree-honsed cavalr}’ into one-horaed+ and to deduct from bis jagir the ditTcrence (of paj"), srliich CAiiie to 7,000,000 dams.

Ah at tills stagi’ the tomb of ‘Ahini wob hy the [Njevdside^ 1 recited the filtUta in iiasising by it. About lOOjOOO rupeen Imd been s[ieut in building this mausoleum. iShilh ‘Alain was the eon of Quth ^ilam^ and their family back to ^lakhdCimd-Jahnniyitn V(a mint). TJie people of this coiintiyv high and low, have a wonderful belief in him, and the^^ smy that Shah ‘Alani used to rniHC the diMid. After he hod mlied sevemi dead men, hia father became aware of this and sent him a prohibition. Sfl3dng it vvoH preBiiiiiption in him to meddle with the workshop of God, and was cuotniiy to true olanlicnce. It happtmtd that Shall ‘Alum hail an attendant (female> who had no children, hut at Shah ^Alam’s pray^cr God Almighty bestowed a son cm her. When be reached hi^s 2 Tth" j’ear he died, and that slave came weeping and wailing into hia presence, saying, ** My* son haft died, and he was 1113’ only sou , since God Alniighty gave him to mo by your favonr, I am hopeful that through ymir piay’cr he may become alive.” Shah ‘Alarn fell into thought for a time and W’eiit into Im cell, Jind the attendant went to his son, wdio grtatl3 lovei:! her, aiid bef^ought him to ask the Shah to make his son alive. The son, who was of tender y^ears. went into his cell, and tm*d rnudi entreaty.

• Aiuiat of ilalLun who diisd m l.TAi. Sro Boolo, fct*. MtU,

mid Jurrettp iii, Otni.

• in toKt, blit -turoly Et Irt ** Sth or Tt-h It appoiLfs from

the U, 71 ^ that ih* attmdMit who lost the cbihl was

a femnlc dEacEpta, nd tht the child Wm yonni^.

422

Accoif.vr oy miracls continued.

Jrf*** content to 0ve up your

hfe for Iiiiii, jwrlwpB my petition may Iw acttipU^,*’ Ht‘ reprivsentwl •’ I am parfectiy contented with wliat may w your wish and the dewire of God.” ^fiU ■AJam took h,H M 0 6 liands. and lifti,,;;; him up from the ground turned his face towards heaven and said. “O (iod take thw kid in place of that one.” Instantaneously thn boy surrenderid his sonJ to God. and .Shfth ■Akm laid iiim down on Ins own bed and covered id.i face with a sliect. and coming out of tiie house add to tiiat attendant, Go home, and get news of thy son; iic-rhaps he nmy hav., lH>en in a trance and not have died." When she arrived

?r il Jlnhaunimd, who

lord of lus prayer car^t <ln clmrge of the mausoleum),

V Iiat aas tlie real state of the case. He said, I have also heard the same from my father and grandfather and It hae «me down in succesoiou, and wim is fra, ‘ Allah. Althongli tins affair Lb beyond the laws of undershinding, yet, os it Jios attained great notoriety

of t. 1 ^ > 1 ? ™l p." “» ‘k*

of t>n nm Mahmud Bigaru. and the buildings of tS

mmwolenin ara the laemorial of Taj Kban TanWiwho

-^^ of theAmira of Sul pm .War,

As an hour on Monday had been clinscn for rny entry into the city, on Sunday, tile 24th, I ludU-d At th^

u^pendent on Herat, and ,t » certain that in Khurasan theru ar« no nielom. better than those of Karii^ Altiiough

MFXONS. ELEPHANTS’ TUSES.

423

this 16 ftfc a dl6t4tijcc of 1,400 kos, and katilaha {mravam} take five iiionth^ to croiiie. they arrived very ripe and freeh. They bmught «o many that they ^kifficvd for all the aorvftiitfi. Together with thewe there eatne oniiigei* from Bengalp atid though that pliuce ih 1,000 koH distant most of .them nrrived (juite freiih. As this is a very delicate and pkiasant fruit, runners bring by post iiH iiiueh m hs necessary for pri^’atc emisuniption, and puss it fnjiii hand to hand. My tongue fails mo in giving ttiankft to Allah for this,

’ Thfl-Ftkfuln&ftH fur Tby rjivoun is- one of Thy On this day Aini\nat Kban preaented two elephaoti^" tusks; they wGi^!i A’ery ]argL\ ooe of them being 3 enbita S kiMil (finger-bn?«wlths) in length and l(i tagsu in circuuiferencc; it weighed 3 nmnnds and 2 aeera^ or 24i Ira<j nianndH. Un Monday, the ±hih, after six gharis, X tnmifd towiinls the city in ph^ure and prosperity at the propitious hour, and mounted the elephant ^^ftrat-gaj, a favourite elephant of mine, which is prfect in appearance and disposition, Altliough he was fractious (masf)x I hiul eontidence in my own riding and his pleasant paces Crowds of people, men and women, Imd assembled, and were waiting in the streets and basairH and at the gates and the walls. The city of Ahinadabad did not seem to foe so worthy of prai;^ a» I had heard. Although they had made the main road of tlie bazar wide and spacioua^ they had not suited the shops to this brejadth. Its buildings are «!] of wixjd ami the pillars of the shopa slender and rntmi ([seiitlM), The htreets of the hizar were full of dust^ and there was dust from the KnbkHj^ ttink up to the citadeh W’hich in tho diaJoct of the country they cull Bhndar. 1 liaatened along scattiring

^ H kk«rm^J^a^i-Qiy “ Dij own ndin^ A.iid hb plounat

f 4 E«! It lut. A^«m Likely tliat JehAnigir W<ni]4 hiniHill dri^‘4 the elephAiit. The tnfiiinirtg hm prtibitbly b that -Tahingtr CfUflted to bii \mng on the elsphiuit. U u«ed lower dbwn ebemt enodier

elepluuit, ind Mme to refer to the plephint’i p«et Sea jt 1214,

4:?4

AIIltADABin. H’ElOIirxo OF shSh JaHAN,

money. Tfse meaning of Bhadflrb‘bI«««d’{M<i/fra). The

Bhadar, have faJleo into ruin within the Jn«t fifty or mxty yeai^ aad no tmec of them h left. However, our a^rvant* who have been .sent to the Kavenimeot of tliiK gantry have erec^ huiJdingH. When I was proeo^nJin^

P’»P’>™i othor pl«t»» tor aiiii,^

bX. “r T7^’ “ “ j’’*™’’’": * ™dfcn»

‘ ^ o-duy vr\i^ the JUi^picku^i dny for tfie

we,g nog „f ghah Jahan. I weighed hm, tL

«aual manner agan^t gold and other things, and the 7th year from h. bl.s.sed h;,.h began in ple.^re ar.d 111^ lacnt I hope that the Giver of gifts will bestow

ar!dt^ at His throne and Jet |ji,„ enjoy hfe

and prosperity. On tho same dav I c^ave the n^.-rl?

to ?ht tort ” r’l ‘•«

k.« ^ - r ^ t^tl we earner it is

the city of Ahtiiadahad."’ It hwl’th^l"**’^/ founder of

• bar,”“^ tihil KM, ^ ^

4%^

AH^AUAMP

grandrton Qutbu-d-dLn lire laid to nest. Tli^ lelip^th of the court of tlie niosiqua, excluding maq^Hra (the holy of holier), is 103 * cubitsv aud its breadth 89 ciibite- Round this the}’ have iiiade an a^wtin (porticio)^ in breadth 4} cubits. The fli:)oring of the court b of trimmed bricks, and the pillars of the portico of red atone. The nia^Hum contains 354* pillarf!i„ above which there is ii dnine. The length of the iiiai|sura is To cubits^ and its breadth 37 cubits. The flooring of the nmqsiira, tlie wiiAiia^ (arch towards which the face is turned in prayer)^ an<l the pulpit are madr of marble. On both sidc^ of the main arch {pi^i^fuq) arc two polished minarets of cut stone, containing three (stories) beautifully

shap<?<! and decorated. On the right-haiM) side of the pulpit near the recess of the niaqsuta they have uiade a separate seat for the king. The space between the jiillarM has covered in with a stone platform, and

this up to the mot of the tnaqsura the}" have put stone cages ® (in which women sit so as not to he ^ti). The object of this was that when the king came to the Friday service or the ^Id he went up there with bia intimates and courtiers, and performed hLs devotionti. This in the dial«K:t of the countr}* itiey call the >l uhlk-khAna (Kings eharnber), TJiis practice and caution were oti account of the crowding of the people^ Truly thm mosque h a vei^" nobk building,^

On Wtdnejsday/ the 27 th, I went to the monaster^’ of ^Jbjwhh VVajibn-d-din, wduch waa near the palace, and the /dftiiiA was read at the head of his ahriiie* which is in the court of the nionastery, Sadiq KJian^ w’ho was one of the chief Ainit^ of my fiithet, tjuilt this monastery,

^ l^in Iqbil-niyiu.

■ am in LO, Mas.

■ Uttiee worlc io Atoaa

• S^ fer o( the moAqn^ itajAZKLt p. ITi mnd

MiU ABliiflntUs# thm quoted.

• Te-xt wroD^ly Ivu SundAy.

•136

(JDJARaT S.^IATS,

Tile Shaikh wflA a successor of Shutkb Muhammad filmua *

\»j^q-d.d.ns loyalty to him is « dear proof* of the greathcwor SliaiUj Muhammad )aiui«fi shaikh Wajihu-d- ^u «^«don.ed with visible excelleudea a7d spiritual thirty years ago iij this city

to ,.. rtll, UK* hi* Pte. Hk Wto, . v*,:

’ “ h* dfed hi, shiulUi A>»d».||^

»orH. After hin, l.„ b,„,her S|,„u, |tohl.e hee…» tort

« the g^ve rt h» fKther ».rt p,„dfrthe, i„ u.e of d«^e. ..rt .,ur their ,-eIf.,e. The t^

.< p.r.g »,e ev.de„t on the to„to«d of hi* life. A* it^ .„„,ver*,uj. f,«iv.| of SlioikJ, Wojlhortrtto 1 ™pe«. weor. p,.„ to .a.ith lUM.r for the e,^ „f the anmvepsaiy, and I beaiowed l -ton … of

‘««.l of fokir. rto „ere ‘L

.ny own touKi to chorfty ^d ‘ o.onwdery with

zr,“M ir

the body of tiervifibtts imd i ^ ^ ^t^re me

otoocioted with him in nnl^’^Vi!*^ People who were

™ney for eK;iK;"..r;,;r « “l.

the 3«thp 1 went I T Thuiisdfty,

hwi. and HcattemJ | 5 ^ K«^iUiin*lvlian-

<-ll u garden a ^rf i^h T“

thfrf ,n the kngimge of India. Tl.k h

• lihs^W »ccu«i ^

mull^ by «>me ef fhtp

a,e«ns tlsit wij|l,„ “* H»atior.

h« dairodoa U. MelfounM f“«’■ «•’! iktt

MnTnim 1 ^ the latter Ju

1’“”**^ “’ ***• where Wr a.. ■ Tf^’t b|UJ-naaijk. lOD, anj

that both hia aSThia Vr^^J^"^ Wfylho-d dio thanked

SlKANDAlt rilK AUrUOH. JtAJA OF IOAR. 42“

d that my bmthtT ^Shah Muriil iiiryiL- in the nnEne

of hm son RuKtruii. I ismde a TlinrndAy efit^rtainment in thiH ]^rden^ mid j^ave cups to Bouie of rny privrttt- servanti^. At tha end of the day I went to the little garden of the hnivtU^ (iiidiiHion) of ghaikh Sikandiir^ which IK Hituated in the tieighboiirhood of thw garden, and which haw c^eceedingly good tigs. Ah picking the fruit with ona’a own hand givea it quite a diHerent nflinh, and I had never Ijefoi’c plucked with ruy own Imnd, their excellence in this respect was approved. Shaikli Sikandar^ IS by origin Gujarati, and is not wanting ip rcHHonablencHK, and houS complete infoniiatioii about the Sultans of Gujarntn It ia now- eight or nine yeat^ Hince he haa been employed mnoiig the servanta (of the State). As u\y son Sb*‘di Jahan had appointed to the governiaent of Ahiinidabid Runitani Itban, who m one of his chief otficen^, at his re<|uest in accordance with the UKSoeiJitioii of his name, p resented him with (the garden) Rustam- hArh Chi tiiis day Rftja Kiilyaiip xaiuindar of the province of Idar^ had the good fortune to kiss my threshold, and presented an Ldephant and nine horses as an offering; I gave him hack the elephant. He is one of the most considerable j^uiiindars on the frontier of tiujarat, and his ct>untry is oloeic to tlie hill-country of the Riuia. The Sultans of Gujarat constantly sent armies against the Raja of tliat place. Although some of them have professed obedience and presented offerings, for the iiio*t |iart none of them have come to see anytme personally. After tJm late king Akliar conquered Gujarat, the victorioiifl amiy W’Rh scut to attack him. As he under- Kt4xd that his dctivenuicc lay in obedi^cc and submisKiom he agreed to serv’e and be loyah and hastened to enjoy the good fortune of kissing the threshold. From that date he ha.^ been enrolled among the servants (of the

< He wrote a hlj^arj of tiojiimt— the MifAt-i^Silindiri. Riem, Cat.» 5 , 287 .

r2S

AElilAD KHaTTU.

-StrtteJ. He ^„K., to «c>e whoever h uppointed to the joveriinient of Ah.nadiilwd, end wher. work and service ^ neca^ry ,ip,,ears with a Iwdy of hi. ,nen. On NUarrhy, the I.t of the month of Bahm.n. Li, tho mh year of „iy cimndar .Sen. who i« one of the

thief eanmicla™ of this country, had the ;;ood fortune ‘iSh the threshold, and presented an offoriiii: of nine

K^r oTv ,’ r ‘* *"<1 Mi’

™» «>» W. On U,b d«y „.s„

from (,„ Mnlni™t-^n„.v th. JIl, [

toM. Oi»‘‘snnfcn of vlrfoiy-nt iPi. vilinao of Snir khnir

^rkWj), .„d …ttomd l,oOD n.pm» on" tl,. " A

tho toiri, or abidkl. Alnnnd Kinfoat i» on tho

Th. shi:z.rfn Ttim! old rhrLkt"i"i “f Ah,,„,d,.i«d,

•nd tho inlter l,,d n atont to,|»»t tor him. Tho poonj, Juni one of tlio great .saints. Every Friday nitrht n jjrent h«l^. .MuUmmad, «„ „t tho otoremid Sntao Ahorhd’

^ filoeliiBjinsi, SKf:^ note.

d.«,pl, ^^1 hhiq (bUVillSj H

St!"’

Siorihech. nuor AlinmiljJ^J “—Aula i AM^is ** huriwl ot

Khulon. 037 , torv!"‘r it’* ^ tho

AJiRudi be|,hij?«d tu L rav,! f^Hi i* tLit

blo-o oet of hi. " ‘

ORIGIN OF MIGARA,

built lofty buildinj^ in the HhApe of niftusolearii^^, mosques, und luoniLstei’ieJi At the head of his kstnb, and near hia niji.n!«>1euiii on the 240Uth mdu niacle a l^rge tank; and Hurrounded it with Ktone and liiiie (iiiaaonry). Tliift building was isoinpletecl in the time of Qutbn-d-ilinH mm of tlie afore^iid Slulijumiiad. Tlie shrines of several of the Sultans of Gujarat &m on the l^ank of the tank by the feet of the Slmikh. In that dome there ha%’e been hud at rest SiilUUi Mahmud Bigara, Suliun Mimffar, hia aoiip and 3dahniCidp the martyr, grandaon of Snlt4n Mu^aflarp and who was the last of the Sultana of Ctajarat. Pigara, ill the language of the people of Gnjarntp aigniJies

• turned -U] I mouBtaehcp* and Sultan 3!uhinud had a iargt? turned-up moustache; on this account they call him Blgaro, Near \m (Shaikh KhAttu’w) tomb m the dome of hi8 ladicBL^ Without doubt the mauBokuni of the Sliaikh is a V’ory grand building and a beautiful places- It is estimated that 500^000 rupees were spent on it God only knows what is true.

After performing this visitation I went to Fath^l^gh (gi^Ttlen of victory). This garden lA situated on the ground on ivbieh the Conintandor-iii*Chiof, KJiimkhanaii Ataliip fought with and defeated Xabu (Nannfi ? XanliG^), who gave hlm^lf the title of ^lu^itfar K^an. On this account he called it BTigh-i’fath [ the people of GujaJtat cifcll it Fath-bari. ‘Fho details of thla are that wherip by means of the gt>^ fortune of the late king Aklakr, the country of Gujarat cominered, and Nahu fell into hia hands, T tiniad lUian represented that he w as the hoii of a carter. As no son was left hy Sultan .Mabnind, and moreover there w’bs no one of tJic descend ants of the Sultans of ( lUjarat whom he cotdd raise to the throne, he ll’tiniild) had acci^pted the most available Hium\ and had made out that this wiis the son of ^ilahmud He gave him

’ Test * kiianfip’ but evidently thEe il a mifteio f«

[be pliAnl at ‘ a UUy/

430

Ul’/ArfAll flX’JAHATI.

mm. or Sulf-m a»6 taiml Jnm to tho

Mch f.^0. nec^sitj- con.H.nt«i to thi« A« AIaj.flt.y coiisidDiH tl,t woitl of I-timfid Khrui

‘li’l

to Lrrf ‘^^t.ntion

r«t 1 ha ran away f™,,,

fatbpixr, aod comin;^ to Gajamt liv.fi for

dia *^Alir^ dTh’^mindars. When .SfaihAbu^- dla AhuHid Eovemiiient

i hi I’tiiniid Khan mstnllwl in liis place,

Ittochlrto r SKihnbTi^-flln Kiittii. who Wenj

_ iiimdttbnd jii the hojxf of aerritt? with I’tiniAd. ifti-r

luid uo good luck with him. They had not the fac. to

**” pnjspects in AJiniatbbud.

t I t *T‘ “‘f their remedy

^ m betokmg then^iv«f to Xabu, and in making him

hoI“’^ f intent fiOO ^ TOO

hi>r?fr“’r”" ^ ““fi “Pried

t^e w^ hving, and pmci,«icd to Ahmodabad. When he

nut’f’^ n^efi on the look

MuL-hli*^’ “^lon Joined hu„. and nearly 1,000 iioraemen

kh^n W t’other. W’hen I-tim«d

Wanie aiyarv of this l,e left hi8 son Shir Khan

’e Cl J, and ha«»tone<{ ort’ in search of Shihab Khiui

‘^th b,s help he might qmet the disturbance. ilanv

f thcmseIvcH from him, and he

i.Z the siima of

un^thAdneie,, but Sliihifbu-d-dln, in com^smy" witk

‘IW whZ ‘‘f Ahmadabftd.

nn<n}. k Z “■ ‘"“P the city,

nod the i.bela «„ne ou, of the fort and hastened to thJ

ACCOUNT ISF A RElbtLLl.ION. ’*’*1

butilolield. When the ftrrny of the rebcb showed those of the servAiit* of ^ihith Khto ^‘ho wero left took the wroiijf road And joined the enetiiy, Shiliab ^^hAn waw defeated and hastened towards Pataa (PAtan f), which was in the possession of the royal sei’vniitsi. His retinue and camp wxn‘ plundered, and N’abfl, bestowing moinsahs and titles on the rebels, went against Qutbu-d-din Muhaniinad Klum. who waa in Bui-oda The servants of the latter, like the servants of ShihAb Shan, took the road of faithlessness and. chose s^^paration, as is related in detail in the Akhar-nAma. In the end. after giving hi.s worrl to Qmba*d-diii Mabniiimad. he sent him to martyrdom, and hLs goods and property, which were equal to the tre<isnre of his ooiirtesy and grandeur, were plundered. Nearly 45,000 horsemen collected round SabA,

When this state of affairs was represented to H,M. AkW he sent against him MirxA Kkan, son of Biviram I^Ao, with a force of brave warriors. On tiie day when Mirza KiAn arrived ti«ar tlie city, he drew up the ranks of gOTjd fortune. He had about !i,000 or 0,000 liorsc. and Nuba met liim with 30,000. and drew up his host tainUsl with ruin. After prolonged tightlng and slaughter the breeze of victory blew on the Hag of the loyal, and Naha. Iteing defeated. He*! in WHstched plight. My father, in reward for lhi.H vHctoiy. gave Mirza Sbiln a niansab of 5,000, with the title of fifeAnl^AnAn and the govem- luent of the country of tlujanit. The garden that KJjim- khAnan made on the field of liattle is .situated on the Imtik of the River .SAbanimt!. He founded lofty huildings along that eminence on the river, and made a strong wall of stone and cement round the giirden. ITic garden contuiiis 120 jurifr of land, and Ls a charmiug resort. It may ha^-e cost 200,0(K) rupees. It pk^ me greatly, One may say that in the whole of Gujarat there is no garden like this. Arranging a Tbtiraday feast, I bestowed cups on iny private iiervatits, and remained tliere fur I ho

PtiXlSUJiKJiT OP A THTEF,

HU

night. At tho end of Oie duy. on Friday, I entert^l the city, acattering nbout 1,000 njjwes on die road. At this time the gardener tv|>K«ented that a jitTvaiit of Mu.,armb Kiian },iul cut down w,uc .hninpa treee above tile bcncfi alongHide the river, On hearing ttiift I becfttnc wigry, and went iiiyeelf to eiiftuire into tlie matter and to exact satisfaction. Wtien it whu istablislied tJiat this iinpropcr hml been committed by him. 1 ordered both his thumbs to he cut otT m* a warning to odmri It w,o. evident that Vmiarnjl. Kijan knew nothing of this afiair, w odicraise lie would have puniahtJ t.im then? and then.

Tk «ty caught

, ^’^{ him Ho hail committed several

thefte before, and each time they had cut off oim of his

(^f Ins left hand, tho thud time his left ear, and fourth

f «P 1- husine*., and

«twl. By chaiifti the owner of the house was on the look out him. The thiof wuundd the gntsH.s,.lIer

««veraJ famijs with a knife and killwl him. In\he uproar and confu.sion Ws nilativcs attacked the thief and cifught

rvlatn^of the deceased, that they might retaliate on him.

^ U« f,^ ,baw di* ef ho«J(tV’

On \V.^nc«day, the I2th. 3.000 rupees wei^ handcxl

!’ •“ “f -a”’!*

iJeoDle whn I If * rt^nobg th(j ftikirH and imiiWnt

«.« Ih. .fepw !,t.th.n.. whW, ,■«.

J.o. MSS, SoDau- Stn,

CONQUE&r OF KHCRDA.

Huperior to Jill my private elf^plinai^ in sptH"d and iHMiuty luid ploflJiaut [Hice-s, and competed with Jiorsci?^ and wtiii the Hrst imiong tlic eloptiant^^, and one much likcfl l>y King Akbar, My son 8hjiJi Jfihrtn IijnJ a gtnat liking for him. and fn;t|ncntly imked him of me, nnd s<M5ing no way out of it I gave it to him with ikfl gold Ijc longings of chaiiiH, etc., together wdth a female elephant. A prcftcmt of 100^000 of darte Wft8 given to the Avakik of “^Adil Kiiarn At this tfii^e it waa represented ^ to me that .MnkarTain Kliiin. son of Afifimptm Khun^ who was the govcnior of Orissa, had cum[Uered the eowntr}^ of Khurtla, and that the Raja of timt pla^ had tied and gone into the Hajiiiahendra. An ho woe a {houseIjorn one) and worthy of patronage, 1 ordered lua mansab. original and increase, to fee 3,000 penKmal and 2.000 horse, and honoured him wdth droTi^a, a lioraOp and ji dress of honour. Between the province of Orissa and Oolconda there were two zaoiindars, one the Raja of Khuitta and the second the Kaja of RiijmahendnL The province of Khurthi has come into the possegaion of the servants of the Cnurt- After thia it is the tnm of the country of KAjiiiahendra. My liupe in the grace of Allah is that the feet of my energy may advance farther^ At tills time a petition from Quibn-1-amlk reached my sou Sliali Jahan to the effect that m the boundary of his tenitory had approached that of the King, and he owed service to this Court, he hoped an order wmuld Imi i.ssucd to Mukarmm Klifln not to stretch out his Imrid, and to acquire possesHion of his country^ It was a proof of Mnkamun^s valour and energy that such a one oh Qutbu-l-mulk Rhonld be apprehensive about his (Mtikarrum) becoanng his neighbour.

On this day Ikrilrn Khan, ftoii of Isl^tu Khun, was apiM>inW fanjdar of FathpOr and its neighbourbood, and pre»4mted with a dress of honour and an elephant; Chandar ’ S» EUiot, wi^ 365.

is

434

Sen, the zamindAT of HnloK (Halwad?),’ was jfi^‘en a dnaas of honour, a hoivc, and an ulephAnt. An clophaiit was also given to Luchin QAq^til. At the suiue time MiiJwITar.* son of Miraa Biiq! Tarkhan, hod the honour of kissing the threshold. His mother wua the daughter of Bar ho {Bh^ru), the zamitidor of Kochh. When ilirza fJiUii died uiid the government of Tliuttu went to Mirxa Jani, Muiwdar was apprehensive of VirzA JAni, and ho took refuge with the aforesaid zamiiidaT. He had remained from his childhood until now in that cpnntrj’. Now that the fortunate retinue had reached Ahiuodabad, he came ami did homage. Though he luid been reared among men of the wilds, and was unfamiliar with civilbsed ways and ceremoiuuH, yet a.s his family had had the relalitms of service with our exulted dynasty from the times of Timur® —may Ood make his proof clear I—1 considered it right to patronize him. For the present 1 gave him 2,000 rupees for expenses, ancl a dress of honour. A suitable rook will be given to him, and perhaps he will sliow himHclf efficient as a soldier.

On Tliursday, the 20th, 1 went to the " Gardon of Victoiy,” and oonteinplatcd the red rosrai One plot had hlooiiied well. There are not many red it«£si (jui-i-stirM) in this country, so it was pleasant to see ao many hero. The anemone* bed, too, was not had, and the figs had

’ Thii* lULme is (loebtfni, for 1)44 MSS. have a dlBcreat r«i 4 <linr. appajw[itl)i‘ Kama<l. Thcro u » HalCd in liujomt (Jomtt, if, ilSi. gee Pwhttpsilia tl» Hatol of Iho 1 mlian tiluclloBr, = lOuloo^ of Ab son rf IW|f Tarkbftn do@. not U, h,vo

^n koo^ m Abfld.f,,l or m BlOchiMotL NV b he scnliooed is (J™ Monffini luma™. a«B Jamat, ii. 347. wJwrt only Pkyanda » «inken of OM the ton of Khan, usi BEoehtoann, p, 3 t} 2 , Site oUo MaWm-l-

‘ Tarkhin. Hb noms sp^oon., bt^vEran UiE hia boom in tlu TK’klidri ^nima of JaiiiM

TThj WittH rikf in iji |n ^ mi^taka

< hkh p^p uilips. In |M«’. Jnhu,j4f r. [t 1 IS.

lhtn> much more loM oboat the ■* fii«t|en of Viotorv," and JahAnrir’e

Khairu.fl.r.b 4 . ilwgiiter of the

JAHANGIR rj:AVES AHMADABAlK

435

ripened. 1 gAthenKi some figji with my owrn b^tids, and weighed the largest one. It came to 7^ tolas. On this day there arrived 1+500 melons from Kari?^ The Kiian. ‘Alain had sent them hr a prcs<mt, 1 gave a tlioiLsand of them to the servants iii attendance, and five hundred to the women of the harem, I spent four days in thia gulden in enjo 3 Ujientp iitid on Monday eve+ the 24th, I came to the city. Some of the melons were given to the Shaikhs of Almiadahad, and thc^’ were asboniBhcd to see how inferior were the Gujamt inelgnfk They luarveUed at tlie goodnewi of the Ihsity.

On Thurada)^ the 2Tth, 1 held a wine-feast in the Xagina^ garden, which is inside the palace grounds, and which one of the Cnjarat Sul tails had planted. 1 rnade m^*" servants happ^’ with flowing bowls. A pergola (iaMiia) of grapes liad ripened in this garden, and I lisde those who had been drinking to gather the bunches with their oviii hands and partake of them.

On Mondayp the 1st of IsfandarmuK, I left Ahriiadabad and marched tow’ards ^ifalwa. I scattered money on the n>iid till wo reached the bank of the Kankriya tank, where I halted for three days. On Thnrsdaj^ the 4lh+ the preaenttt of Jldqarmb ISjjiUi w^ere laid before me. There was nothing rare among tbeiu, nor anything that I took a fanc}^ to, and so I felt ashamed. 1 gave them to my children to take into the harem* 1 accepted jewTlleiy and decorated vessels and cloths to the value of a lakh, and gave him back the rest. Also about one hundred Kachlii horaes w-ere takeiip hut there was none of great eNecllence.

On Fridaj’p the 5th, 1 nmrehed ti koa, and encamped on the tuink of the Ahmadabod River Ai§ my son 8hali JnliAn was leaving Hnstani KJtiAn, one of his chief St^rvantsp in charge of the govemiucot of Gujarot, I, at niy’ Si>n^a rei|iiiitst, gave him a standard,-drums, a dn^ 1 Ek^ini TD testt. tletii Pcmnoil hu

m

fjEl" DRUMS.

of bonotir and a d^mUsl dagj^-r. tJp tiij unw it )uid not been the custom m this dynasty to pve to tlu- prince’s

H.At. Akbar,

his (irtection and gradonsriefia to me, did not d^dc upon pvin,. to ,ny oIBct.,^ « title or u HUinda«L

r »..2 unbound.^ that

I would do anythioK to pica*.- him. and, in fact, he in

iin escelleiit aon, and one adorned with every imicc and .11 Ins ^ly youth hmi accomplished to m^’^Stbu

everytinn^r that he has set Jiw linud to

thi, d.j, 31„.|.™.h Kli,. « p,

ButLri’ H SI-*!- •Al»i..

i y »11«d g.,. 300 partkn; <i

Kivw and » r**’ s ,“**’™* “ ““ Jlnljiiitiditid

S.,yi.l Motalk’inS. h“ *!;« ‘“,t" Td."’

Xone of the tomhs of “><1 Sayyid AIMu wan ordy a

help of CJqd haw » i <jenms and the

on a rX; t

father-* tomh for hia

ther, ^ Iteiaci^l „

of ‘“if

a«Ue«, and is called the miig^mahT.

anno** m tMt, ^

II 7 . ^ ^-^th of Ahn«^l^b«J sJ

Slktl»r»|( !w“ ’*"^’Jf’ ‘‘yi”**. SiiVrid

ACCOUNT OF

437

‘ the stoneItis i)elly was vei^" Urg^ and swollen, m I ordered them to cut it open in my pnf^eiice. Iiuside was a fish with which it had mcntly swallowed

imd which had as yet undeiTifDiiti no change. I told them to weigh both liati. Tlie stonc-tisli came to li| seera and the otlier to nearly

On Atoinlay^ the 8thp 1 mariclied 4| kos. and encamped in the %‘illage oE Moda (!ilali^ondat^ The inhabitantti praised the rainy acason of Oujarat. It happtmed that on the ptevioiis night and on this clay before brenkfoiit some rain fell, and the dust was laid. Ah this h a sandy coaiitry, it ia certain that thert^ would not be any dust in the rainy season, nor would there be mud. The fields would bo green and clieerful* At any ratCp a specimen of the rainy liioasoii lias been seou by me. On Tuesday [ nmrehed 5i kos, and halted at the village of JnrsLma (Jarlsajiia).^

At this stage nows caiiic that 3lau Singh Sewra had siirrendored his woui to the lords of hell The account of this in briuf is that the Sewros* are a tribe of infidel Hindus who alwaj-a go wdtli their hewJ and feet barCr One set of them root out their hair, their beards, iiud luouatacliesp wdiile another aet shave thetu. They do not w^car sew’ii garments, and their central principle in that no living crtaturc should be injured Tlse Banyans regard them as their pirf^ and teachers, and even worship them. There are two sects of Sewras, one calk’d Patil (Tapa) and the other Katithal (Kartal)^ Man Singh was tlic head of the latter, and BSl Chand the head of the Patas/’ Both of them uiied to attend upon HJt Akbar, When he ditd aud Khusruu Hod and f pursued him, Riy Singh Bhurjiya, r-amiridar of Bikaoir, who had been rmwie an Amir by Akbnrs kindoeift^, asktfd Sian Singh w^hat

• It OimndutLDu of El*yley> maii,

• JuTDtl, til, -JlO t mxni tmafllatioei, h a* %

• ThlJi be See AiiieniJ*-

438

ACCOlfST OF SEWRAS,

woald be tlie dumtioii of my rtdjfn mid the ehnces of my siiccesa That b 1 ufik-toiig,i.^d felloi^-, who pretended to be skilled io astrology and the oxtractioa of JudgniciiU. said to him tJiat my rt-ign would, at most, last for two yeaiu The doting old idiot (Rily Singh) relied upon tfiw, and went olf witliaut leave to his home Afterwaitk, when the glorious God chose out this supplLmt and I «tiini( 5 d s-idtoriouii to the capital, he came, nahamed and downcast, to Court, What happened to him in the end has been told in its proper place.* In fine, Man Singh, tn the ooupso qf three or four months, was strnck with leprosy (jitaim), and his limbs fell off him till he was in such a state that death waa by many degreea preferable

, . ^ ^ Bikanir, And now I reincmbcira]

him and sent for him. On the road he, out of execesive f ^ poison, and surrondeped bis soul to the lords of hell. So long as the intentions of this suppliant at Gods con^ are just and right, it is sure that whoever

devnses evd against me will receive retribution according to Jus ments. **

pic ^t of the SewTUH exists in most of the cities of n i«, but IS specially nuineroua in Ciujarat. As the SewmT’’ 1*’’^ ^ chief traders there, coiiseipieiitlv the

Ind toZ to dwell in

daoEihterM t *”1-1! ^iiiiyans send their wives and

ft f A " P^^P^trutod by theui

were Stwra^ m my empire they should bo turned oat.

^ h«n NtJited In f^vndm^Mik nkwSf, •*ia

hto drwjf refBired 1# Ria death. “« Jahing’ir

hunting. ENniRTAiyitEXT.

4;id

0« Wednesday, the 10th, I went out to hunt, and shot two nitgAw, one vnalc and one feinale. On this day the son of DilAwar Khan from Pattnn, which wiw his

father’s fief, and paid his respects. He presented a Kachhl home. It was a very handsome animal, and plijnsont to ride. Till I came to Onjarat no one had prestmted me with so tine a horse. Its value wna 1,000 rupees.

On Thursday, the I Uh. I had a w ine party on the hank of the tank, and bestowed many favours on those servants who had been appointed to the province, and then dia- iiiisHed them. Among the promotions wi» tliat of Sluya’at Khan, the Arab, to the rank of 2,500 personal and 2,000 horse. I also gave him drums, a horse, and a robe of honour. Hiiuuiat Ii]j4n was raised to the rank of 1,500 with 800 horse, and had a rohe of honour and an elephant. Klfftyat Khan, who w-as made Diwaii of the province, rccerved the rank of 1.200 with 300 horse, ^afi KbJ^ iMkhsh] received ft horse and a robe of honoor. Kbwaja “Aqil had the rank of 1,500 with 650 horse, and was made baklishi of the Aluidis, and liad the title of ‘Aqil Khan. Thirty thousand darbs were given to the waktl of Qntbu-l Mulk! who had bronght the tribute.

On this day my son ghilh Jahiln ptesenU-d pomegranates and quinces that had been sent to liira from FarAh. I had never iseen Huth large onei^ and I ordered them to be weighed. Tlic quince weighed 20 tolas 0 maahas and the pomegranate 40 i tolas. On Friday, the 12th. I went a-huntiiig and shot two nilgaw, a male and a female. «Jii Saturday, the lath, I shot three nilgaw, two maira and one feiiiftle. On Sunday, tlie 14th, I gave shaikh Isrua’ll. the sun of SbaiWi Mahamnw^ of

honour and 500 rupees, thi Jloiiday, the 15th. I went a-htiiiiing and shot two female nilguw, Chi Tuesday, the 16th. I ag^tn presented the Shaikhs of {jujarat. who were in attendance, with robe# of honour and maintenance- lands. To each of them I gnve a book from my special

ClfAklTJBa* ACtDVM OF KAt’EA Ji,

librarjv such tl.c Tar«irM.ki«li»biif‘ the Tafsir-i-HuKaim * Jtncl tilt* BauTatu-i-AUbili.* I wrote on the }iack of the books the day of niy arrival In Otijarot uiid the day of presentiition of the books.

At the time that Ahmadahtid was adorned by the ^•ttiny up of the royal Btendards my enipJoynient by i aj and by ni^ht was the seeing of necessitous pemats and the i>estowing on tlieni of money and land I directed ^ait^i Ahmad the J^ofir and some other tactful ser’innte to linng before me derviahes and other needy TjcrsoiiM. I also directed the sons of SJiaikh Muhaintimd Qiaus, the grandson of .^aikh Wajiho-d^in, and other leading N-mkhs to pnxiuce whatever pereons they believed to te m want. Similarly 1 appointed some women to do

that*^"*r \ harem. 3Iy sole endeavour wns

that as I a king Imd codie to this country after many

no single person should be esdnded, God is my

Ti Z o i * that

rL^‘th Ahmadabad. yet

I have the* aatisfact.on-that my eouung has Wn die

• l«go numW of pc^r people,

lAitif whn gtandson of Mir ‘Alrind-

1« tl.» Curt. KuXb h *■“

armv hn^ * ^ ^ appointed to the Deccan arinv, w«d had spent some days tidth it in -* t

him, >u* t<»liSi™^k'1|„‘‘j’ ’ r“ “ •

■hf t. the “* ■«“«»»» •"-J —t

n the of months he

’ A of Msh«kau!S?Rt!t UT ^

KAVKAJj’s TiUVKLS.

441

tmverswl the whole of the Ihwam. ineludin^f Dnulfttfllnui, Hidiir, Bijupiii*, the Cutiiatie, anti Uolconda. and uanit* to the port of llabul,^ From there lie Cttme by ship to the port of (loga, ami after visiting the ports of f^urat. Broach, etc,, he reached Ahmadahod, At this time Zahid, a sci-vant of Shall Jahan, arrestetl him and l>rought him to Court. I ordered them to bring him before me heavily (joiHid, When 1 saw him I said to him, “Con¬ sidering the obligtttioiiH of bit vice of your father and grandfather, and your position ns a huUMborn i.ne, why have you lielmved in such an imaspicioiis uioniitr?” He replied that he could not tell a lie in the prtssence of hiH and real teacher, and that the truth was

that he had hoiicd for favours, but as he was unlucky he had left outward ties and gone into the wiJdenie.sH of eidlc. As his words bore the marks of tnUh they made an impression on me, and I nhandonwl my hamli tone and asked him if in hia niisfortojics he had waited upon ‘Adil or Qutbu-l-ilulk, or ‘Aiiibar. He replied

that though he liad bwm unsuccessful at this Court and hiul rcniaiiied thirsty In this boundless ocean of bcncficciiw. he had never-God forbid that he should-^pprooched w’itli his lips other fouutains. Might his head be tut o if it had bowed at this Court ami tlieii lowered itsi-Jf at another’ From the time that he went into exile he had kept a diaiy’ showing wliat he biwl done, and y examining it it would be seen how he luid conducted himself. Tliese word-s of his increased my compoHsmn for him, and 1 sent for Ins papers and read them It appeareil from them that he had encountered great a ship, and that ho liad i^‘Ht much time on fool, and that lie hml suflered from want of food. On this account I felt kindly disposed towards him. Xv.xt day I sent for him and otdeiwl them to remove the Isinds from his amis and legs, and gave him a robe of honour, a or», i l>khhQ\ Il/Cl., DBW ed,* ai,

442

PLAQUE*

and 1 000 rapo^ for hi« I »|ao increased Ilia

« y one half, and showed hiui such kindness as he never had iiiiaginwl He repeated this veise—

I Iwhold ntnetr in imeh comfore after jnicli tartarot**

«t thi of BStoIikk- (BUooliiorX It bo. olmdo

W tte tte plogo. h,d .pp,.,«, i„

noting that the plogo. |„j ^ ^

country and that many had died ’n>o» .

headiieho and fever and much wore 0.1^^’ •’“ ■■>““<»

«SoT^ r”’ ’!"*“■• ’“k p”""” Of

ii.. ^ ofleefed In the onnie wny. In nne

t 0 ^ * ■»* cnn. ond Ote •

d W T’l *’•’■ o’” oil

o ”r po” ““t ("»»t™-

”| iM^n ’T ”•* ‘•■“■I”"- •“‘I

Dnn^g^t M ■»— »“»

• people\f tho 5/^ pJngne. one looming when the

the fwl JT’ ?>*’*0 ritdto. and on of middle alee ^‘T ”™‘‘ii

eirelm wM ! »»«« “«.. Tliem wore oloo other

.■eee"i„t:t’:t«rC T ::LTrdm“t.r; ■”

•«. di„i!;«L*“of rp,’:;:^:- *& s

Item «• no nniiog, d* ^"^ 1 . nhat le nmot la ihat

THB JAM. RAJA OF kFcH.

recorded as it aecms a slrwige affair. It certainly does not agree with the caimnn of resfWD, and my intellect cannot accept it Wiedoni is with God! 1 trust that the Almighty will have nierey on hia sinful slaves, and tJuit they will be altogether freed from such calamity.

Oil Thorsday, the 18th, 1 marched 21 koa and halh^d on the bank of the Mali*. On this day the Jam aainindar ‘ bad the good fortune to kiss the ground. He presented 50 horses, lOO muhrs, and 100 rupees. His name is Jassa, and Jatn ia his title. Whoever Buccecds is called Jam. He is one of the chief samiindais of Gujarat, and. indeed, he 18 one of the noted rajas of India. Hia countiy ia close to the eea. He always maintains 5,000 or 6.000 horse, and in time of war can supply as many as 10,000 or 12.000, There arc many horses in his country* i Kachlii horses fetch aa mneh as 2.000 rupees. I gave

him R dress of honour. ^ ^

On the flame day Lachml Natiiyaxit Kaja* of Kiich ( i which adjoins Bengal, did homi^* and pn-sented 500 muhrs. He received a dress of honour and on ornamented

dagger.

Xaw^ish Shan, son

of Sa‘id Sban. who had been

appointed to Junagarh, had the good fortune to pay his rvsipecta On Friday, the l Oth, I halted, and on Saturday, the 20th, I iiiarehed 3| koe and halted at the tank of Jhaniid. On Sunday I marched 4)s kos and halted at the tank of Badarwala. On this day there came the HAWK of tho death of ‘Astaniat KJiaii Gujarati. On account

or the end of a stick contract* its leav*.*, it opens them out again, Ita leaves resem e

THB SJS^aiTIVE fr.ANT,

at

the Umerind. and it h in At^ibic .%x/arri./*Aavd

the plant of modesty.’ In Hindi it k called Lrj mean, modesty, ft L, certainly not void of strange-

They aUo call it .uuM, «nd any that it ahi grows on dry land

On Monday, the 2aud, I l.altod. 3!y acoute rej«rted that there u ti^r in the neighbonrhood which eesed JL it Wfla they had «een

Anion. *th ‘^ ^ ^^on\ that were larger.

7* ma.nt,A fmuiids, Tliis one weighed

r* rnanods, or 1 mnnnd less.

(ta Tu»rf.y, th» 23rd, I .,, ^ ^

•l^W 7 “>’= »w ayb.’ On \V.d„«rf.r

On ’” “* .*»> .“nk of Hnindt..

On Th„™l„y I

a robe of 1 * porsotiaj, and gave him

so to hiaL. Z[i *f“P’‘’tnt. and allowed him to

seut to Bttlich to bitv” ho ^ S«hzak.* who had Wn

pietiald and was of tine t brought, ope was

»«sii a piebald howw f in colour. I had never

1 , ^ thi?! i^|Qi2r befotv> M** i

utide of th,; ^ ^^areyon, tlie patenial

the territory of ffueh ’ ““boin I hod now |pven 3 knch. was presented with a horee On

^rSH. »a 0 [B to liavp

! 5” Hnjikin ^ “**” Sflimlj*-

Thdt JhvlloH of ^ Saudignr (enwUr]i.

AXECPOTE of a XOJfKEY.

SikturcLty I nifirehiMi S kos aiid liiiittfd nt Bodit,* On Sunday I marebcd 3 kos atid aet up tlic roy&l sUndards at Dtilfead- It is on the borders of ilalwa aiwl GtijamL Pahltiwiln Bahpl’u 4-din, the imifiketeer, brought a young monkey (hugm g™^*’ feprtjsenfced that uh

the road one of his niarksnien had seen the female langur with a young one in its arms on a tree. Die oruel rnati had shot the mother, whicli on being struck had left the young one on. a branch, and had herself droppoii on the ground and died. Polduvraii BAluVn4 din liiul then come up and taken down the young one, and hm! put it beside the goat to be suckled. God luvl inspired tlie goat with affection for it, and it Iwgnii to Uek the monkey and to fondle it In spite of difference of species she show^ such love ius if it had come out of her own womb. I told them to separate them, but the goat immediately Ix-gan to lament, and the young langur alw became much dlHtreNm4. Tlie affection of the monkey is not so rematkable, as it wanted to get milk, liot the affection of the gwt for it L» remarkable. Tlie langur is an animal belonging to the monkey tribe. But the hair of the monkey (mrnman) la yellowish and its fiiw is red, while the hair of the langur is white and its face is black. Its tail, too, ia twice as long as the mainiuri8. I liave written these tliinj^p ?,**^***j of their straugeness. On Monday, the 29th, went to hunt nilgaw. I shot two. one male and one female. On Tuesday also, the 30th, I halted.

End of the twelfth year of the Emperor s rtdgn, in the Tuzuk-i - J nliMglrL

» Mfiis. lUflOd.

ebkata and addenda,

IS, lide 7 frtwfl foot, TI.O ftgoto I i*ootd bo >l Soliiow

" fitr «y rtad bia. With rrforeoco w n. 2. p. 1^, b 13,

ttbjdtvir^ tlmt the fafcbar PHsfirtt in SJjiitmW].

p. W, L a of Tcroft. Solomon’o jpeoliiO*. dopOO^ of O rioz. When tluit wob ImI bin poorer ilolionod. Sk f** it«tenant wcovory in Mlf KbwJnil {Rebitsok* traMkuort, pt I. !«»}• Khir «^»>0 Uno rfioold ha ’ Call b«n tho rla« WOar.nK

p, US, near foot, Tho wonU nha QO*a. a^., a« Mt xi|.f.I(vf ahdohl bo Smiar Chilli, ha- t»» j

H^jon Ihtongh the desert (rAflfb See Aklatr-oima iratwbitiw. i.

2. ’“■ new I-lowo rrwrf a ■lepe^-’lewy of

» ^ Kalanaur of the main, and «■ ‘5 ■"■!« Ont^lili^l«r^HI.,

wnr kL , tiVp

p. 43, HOte. IttiicgtTtph rpfl^ tciU

a 443, 1. a, JVMin^ Mlrin.

^ so. I 1. and note 1, 10. MS4 »oO« lo JT

Tho toferonco (i> Ma’i<>irC’l-«»ah » il. !». Tho

Otttnrttreson Wa* BaJiaaur. _, „ . „ ^ TUe loUl nima *“l

& 91, ti, I, /hr Plrico, p. « rroil Pneo. p. ItA Tl^ lilO^

Wittli^W^tu-t-tawfirllsh !*y he eras pttt in eha^ a tinmoi o

p. 5!l. n. 2. itia Xilera ia lOi MS, ho. Iw. ♦ii.i,, uj,

ft 110 1. 6. 11.0 meaninK » »ha« ‘Ahidin was the »a “» AUU-^

Ha caoJw India it. lOia and Akhar «»r, hnO tho T«dt «

1,<I00 and fiOO horao (ill, 34)- ft M, L n, /or know raid know, p. SO. L 7, Tho MSS. s«m to have Jwhat ft.tS,|«tW Kilhi “.oana ‘•iangh’;^

Kllaa here i» a aynenyiP ,.„t i.ojjed iW/I’af* not in

ft 07, t S. The wools ■ which in Hiodoetanl •» ™™ twKiM

the 1.0. MSS. t do tKIt know the w«d tofll a» moan op |“1*.

it ia a mutake for fojipl* , ^ l■l,^„^.^4aa

ft 76, L 3 from foot. Omit the wool# who ui ooe at umi im-oa-”-

of tho State,’ ,

ft 79. U 6, /or and cash rrod in ^ 11 ^ 1 , 41 ^’

ft M. ft 1. Tletatc

Neiidanpor, 1.0. Nanilalia (K^.Wi. • J, Uhoie. whefo

dbitrlel^ Tho Rim Daa *»rd«l. wM Ha

Jah&n^ took Up his rwodeiiee 00 ihe way

apftDt 31 in huntiuji, a. * i j ,

T M, h m *.Abdn r-Rahlm roof ♦Abdu-r R-bmlft

44^

and AUPKNDA.

p. a”. I. 21, Firiflhu Eu hia Miwunt df JUbnr sayH the Danbt IJhio of tint time oroH diMwiKlH] fruto tlie IlaalBt KhAn who in ajfl Im, (141^ Uj wiM Sultan of IWhi, Elliot, iv,

|\ W», L 4 from foot, JuJiatvj^idr |g mentinuud in a<.i?Ottlrt of

• j (loxt). It i» the ^hekljdtiurn of the Idaiw,

M Itifi^ilifiil nod Irt siHes Hist of Lihore. ft Wu

cbI od ^ihaf^Oni in oHusiOn to JaMiijlf B pel uumo of Dnhi,

alw m hoMur nf gbaili SiJj™, |y, 4 |*^ T. in oecottBi of

IVI^i7^ nBcrihcs lt« Oriffin to

^ meniiooed oo p. 01. died fn ]()37

mihiiiM. Is still slandine. Soa EoatwickV Handbook,” ^K). Instwvd of < Ibo gimseatone in ihe shape of J»n nnteloiw wo jihonJii render, J think, ‘a stone tomb with (he Gipire Of on antelope iengiBTHl upon il>.’ The LQ, .MSS. Imve Mnn*! os the i ^ ^tdlope. Purhupr wo shaold read Iblaoor&i ■ mind’* lunl.’ p. TO L 9 from f,^ 1.0. MSS. have IWiAd, ^ or. the .Udne df the net. p. MW. n. 1. Uiileto note, T|us iwbj {h the ibex, p, 110. n. 1. See J.A.jkR for FobrnAry, lUOft, p 3a [I, 1The It|l4|.iiijna meutions in coonnction with Uid etorv of the _ ^iDih^ Snint tint many Sabxawii’ tainij, livrsl in Biiiniv&n. See ilso Mmgnr nL

u !n I.O. .MS, Xo. iai liM ghdrjn.

p. I1K.L10, lawit-and’after *ah«p- ^

I*. 1.3.1. l;L Far rtad ganjgfi>«.

p. 1. 4- Fof £ nml rupees^

li t ‘■«

M wta jiiS; ‘*’• •’>"■«’•■■■•>«««.«. ■« .. -»

• dlllriv erf ’lie wont dff alone’ the MSS- haio

Olf hw Wd’ (Le, mcaping) with difficulty.

by Uener^ rw.! in this note is proved to he uToog

p. iJli, I. !t DeUrtg Sfjfirm

teThlS *T eet totat dbj««.

‘ecitwnaoda^- ^ osn to . m,™ - We ro«M rrmf, perhaps I. j«. L 3 from foot, /hr Uf rmri Alf.

suitoWefora ringiingnetlj. ‘ ““ “

P l^L 13 from fool, >or HomoiSol rmd tlamadr.nl.

»“lenn Takhl

beeutup !». «rT, T l- Ju^ndir call*

P 1W, k a PeLS“S f

Ibl* not this liTmi rvmT Jl.Q., _

eUH Beit Bob KhAn,’ No. gw

P- 15H, L la The powege » wrongly translated. Ko elephant

^IfiRATA and addenda

tit«wnt«(l to SnlnmU’Uofa. Tho BontWWO sfaoaU «em 1 on 1. 0 oltcf tht word ’ |j(»th«i-l(fri«r.’ Which woitl ii ptobahly m mixtnuudAlion. Then thii. now mntencA ahoold Como, i.A ‘Sotimo lUh ‘Amh, who Uoywog t«on Of A durtingniitbotl Atwhiui foiuily (tOi nt joKuliido i- 9 «nli‘-iidda.i- ■ 4ni6 ukI Minted t MuhAnh, ih* gOiiWWr <•» DiifOl. ^ upon mu on BcMUnt of hie being Kuepieiono of the deoign* of SSbih ‘Alibi* (egointthimoelf).’ *I potrooiiod him,’etc, !«on p. 1581, p, IS8, n. 5, end p. ICS. n. 1. Both noteo ore wrong The ptw OMont by Jjihingir in DiifOl, o town in the HhOzutAn prermcO oi iVamo. and Jfly»a i» irtHdnnUy ■ copyiefo of « f” ®f *ihO“.

for KliCiuetAn. to on ontlent. Duma, owl eccading to Vili|it,

Dorbiof dAMevniwd V tinliololioti. p. the prej« .polling u Wtpal. le. ‘the Brtd™ of tho Citwiel.’ the tnem Imiog nmnwl *fmr o fomou laidBO built over UiO rivof. For KhAo «e B, do -16

p. liJO, L llJ from foot Qohflloh wmo town m tie Bet J Jowlli*r Dfllb. iklfUt. ID. It toSrDOOrupooein 1,0. MUS, a IAS, I, Ji It to not, QAcbA tWtlmnl 1“ I-®’ w£t tho Ctouoe, -A given by them. memw. Xa 161 reem. to hove for ‘wolto^co P). Two B.X.

So o^wj V m. lint tim word. i^Wy -«» ‘‘i- »*

lliuamnnil-dln wn* rantriwl to Aba l-to|l’» »toi«r,

”^1™’ ”’ li The woftl ntfh in breehen to wreog. The

owl O wLoh-UiW^

tii^Anmg H tail, (SO ^ . .

or d«r Seo p. I jT 1. H. where tho f e«<J to be the

meflji impruKmmeiit for lifOr . * , - -

p. 1-0. n. d. /hr f ^’“Tlf^^by Bnwiio., |Pnrehe.|.

p. iTi. 1.21 wa-

nfaool. MuHimwb hnving mltcn • " ri^oaa ^ « iW”!

|k 177, nole. For nne-lhird of on wb Schremm’.

p. 1«K L ft. Thto i. tho nmriitor Oi^P” Dwjamber,

Tnblei^ Sowoll’n lodion Cnleoder, toinviog ^"^

1610, which oontoponde to ^ tho phniM eto/ed 9*nP“

p. 1A7, n, a. [terMon toit, !►. 3I». i, ii* •

rifwA dadojiif* * wok nlm nnti lotoowm bjmI Blechmenn,

p. 186. L 7 frem foot. For N«W, re. Bren, ^ ftW^. n«l m**™* fl79. Ho died in 1022 {16191. j;„i„.irinL

1X101.1.10.

IX 101, L ft. /MXt*/ meal** ’tod «f rewMo.™™”

• red <laer.’

p. 192, h 2. Add yeor 1020. ohrenre. bnt th* mooning

Ji, 101.1, ]Mit Wan. Tlw piu«Mg* bif th*’

reeoM to ho that tlion^ foi^it’*i» ^ ^ ^ 5 iil(*rh regBf«

fienQnfl which p,pp*r«ii f ^

450

ICJiliVfA ASn

■* the mmnn df Jtikfmg the or rrmndiOiip (uml so wo BaUjit fttteqd to thHmK Hence when *t thia aiihipSeloiM time a previnoo which had gtineonL of my juj^wMBion hoif been fteUled by tbeexertiuni

of JineoUc«cn-antfl In iK»rda»c» ^Htb tlujbopw of woU w^beni^ J{‘Abbia) bavo rwturdcd LO ttw eajjitAl. and have d;e^|:«tcbed KiiBioln d^lln,

p. iSfTii L 7. JFbi* KhknhbAfijVn nad l^j^n.

pm 107, b lA The LO. MSS. bjtv4 a different m&din^ hei^ They Hay nothing nbont thrto mUa. Wbat tbeV my W, *• At tha time I Eud nwo soma jciorwM in ibe amoanta of wcighca and meaimit^ Fw iDAtAlicep I added MO foortb (W«il’r]| to the e eight of the ajqii

rupees The *ih raii of ^ifc {§. 4 nualake for 4/ird’r,

ft IW7p L 12 from foot, LOr MSi9. iwve ’ SniKlay in f^for.’ hut tboy wrangEy ba%-e H>^

i*. IDT. L U frtmi foot. Both LO. MM. bmve -Xeknalmr’ in^toftd <d ■ trt tbe mtericir.^

JJ.l»8,ill. OrLobg^u-.

205, L 14, I do not tbinb that the tmnsLation ^ahonld no4 few L^hm on jinyoiie/ or the Votirion £n EMiot, ti, 33.^ - Nnt to forcibly JI««tlinan butdcnAon imyoec/ the fnU fortje csf the wqtda

toWu Jf-«i/«i4iar »ah*ftand. I tiiinlt the rekrenoe elewly IB to

ct^Cisinn, Micl that tbe wofda j,Wd b« reiiderad

^Btixi^an ceremom^ Tbw oirplaias why the injuni etion coEncfl

ft *—^ fi jHTjhthHtioiia agauTiat bbndm^ and naetiLijLkMi.

^ th*t .he m^^bcrs of tho Itelhi

^ ^.lly oovor w«n> oi^oKskod. Prohal.ly on* i«»oq for thm wb^

Sho. .^7 ““7™ ^ “"‘I™ Ar poiolod oof io

to IllAl ninoL If not ocoor

p, i’i 4 , verafl^ rniiid’ a riTor

uTaiTk scoipioio"

t i About Shtpflf ™ «.-Mm.I.uourt, i. 19 ft

^ U! 1 ‘ *“P^ PP. 27 -MHi 3 D, note,

p. u, 0 and 14 . Po, Pitna Tatta,

t ^1 Tta ™*‘

SI 8 S. ThSlocr u in tbo

W proMily , 1 !^ ‘TTitiJf

randomd hy ‘ utono^rlinr. ■ ^ BkKhtaann, |», furmioolr 4>

P- 1 . 3. It i* Tkn.^ B L ** a etino«ty, 41 rarity^^

‘ni|fU’ wo ohooM rood -ov^ ’ ph. wil inatoail of

i»th MoUnwm i* IlMh Maith. <11 correafHlMiilmi; to

thuoiih tM. " eomct,

.W haa ^hanjr«t tbo wort for J.gO« into Ono for IMl.

ERRATA AXI> APO£^DA<

4r>i

Tlie ordiwiry )xadmh’i-titi’ ttm lOO toU* in wnijlit, » p- H- At p. Wi two k«likab’i-t>ll» on inimtuihtd af J!U> tolu Mcb. tt in * mtitaliR.

I chinl!, to njgnrrl th.« word tiinhr nlwm.v* imptj-tnjr gold. TK? aniinBr)> kukmb-i-tALi’ ™ ef ““i the l«ge ninkni wmt liu

doabt *l«i of eih-ar. The note I to EHIiott, *■!. n^Vi, i» pn>b«% becnect.

p. 237, L ll>. ’ Tho fe»Kl wont off well’ etc. The pasagc i» otajui** hut pnshftlily the triviuletjoD sbonW be ■ There ew a FpVcOdkl nuMinbUge i/aM), iuui after it Trae tittt J ofde«d that they- aboulii arxan|{o »ii illumination,’ Tbo aford* in tent, p^ lift, L 3, •** Axi* feinlem m iMiflA w Ayi» Wr twMid, TKe MSS, ha’^e anidi-f-ffjfe nf. Xo. ]{tl BoemB to hare ids fcuMand. and JO haa B-M. MS, tfttS, but No, aw twa Ur famnmf, ax in test. It may be that the mOattiPg ie .Tibangir lohl the eervents they might appropriate tbe dewration!. hut I rather tWnls the order ana to make an illumination. It maj’ ^ simply Mean that he onkrmi the doecratinL to be taken down, Bai Jhnuted ordinarilv meane * to open out/ Ur bwnawf lo load, p. 237.1. 12. Delete ‘ tho’ heforo Mtwiarml. p. 337, note, LO. MSS. wsem to have aarfi, ‘ potlea in. p. 241, I, 3 ft™ foot, LO,, nea- ed.. arii, 309. of

mffluitie in Mairtha having been founded Ijy Aki^, ’ ?

t^one of Sbaitt Fir- Pethape Sbaihh Plr U the oUi beggar nafwrtd

SW^foot. Fm eAoJM reeii/UHttr. IinrMnotneooMarily

• IrST LO. The MSS. have Rap inrtwi of ^irtL a^ « ^

vi, 33Bl They have ‘hill country ol Mewat, as in test* ^

Chitof, and rit JaipOf. as in EUiet, and they

apeak of the yonr J the ItHh. inste^l C< the Sth. cf ’ bav,

weZuld total - h«i.’ and inetoatl ef ‘ •> who ^

Bnt kaevn as Riiwal,* thoy have, ae ^ _ RaJiaB irf Tod who

tbe Bwt to take the title ef Rini.’ ■*

s*yi be Qun&totfafi throne m 1301 A.J^ fpMiiid

^ 2S3. II. 10 and H. T »cnot ^ ^

Mr. InsiMt KugjfCfltR that ^ eihCKlM pawhtM lU nweflinjE

a ‘ foil.’ or ’ wooden awo^’ and , ■ pecoJim’

a ‘fenoBT/ ftjRAu nKfmd occurs %a JorW e* B ^

I wture. ■ The p-fldnaflf ef L 11 258. brth

or *000 limb,’ oed coiteiiponds to the yi^f

pb««s meaning apparently tliat the fencer Sgbt w,tb one ba»t

that is, ■ without Hiring a allieW,’ Uonktis.iiiahill, the wde nf

p, 8W. 1. S. This l‘ti|i^ Lx ,j.j„Btly the title of

Shih .fkhjlTi, Ho no* hemune A^af ^ ’ -rasio T) Sb*hp4r. who

I’tiqiil wiMtraiuferrtiltohisyenni^er hrot ^ The two

waa afterwarrlx governor of ^ . ■ hirtsn . d - din of Qrtwin

pnviani A»af Khim itT™* fltiiyA™ d. din’*

{BSochmann^ -IJISK and Mlri» Jn “if- jaLi.j;- UefF nf Tiilir*n nephew. The father of ^i!Sa. vJ 2 b«Zt

S^pftr. Le. the I’tbiad who became governor of

452

eehata aj>df:sda*

JJ. L n ffflfc i<XiL, /w mcttiflT rtad moUMirq iitt;|>mothijxn)p

ji, 3®1, L JO firoiu foot, /W nepbowif- nmi Dephow.

p. 37Si L 13. Fw ntLEueiJ rsod ikiuhh/, AOft it nboold in itoJic^

^ sShin i ^ Tlie p«ti3iiiiMioa ta beat bis dfumji lb tfxplqtidjni hy tb?

q jj, 7£^. wbati it k MAid thutr he wiw pcruiitt^cl to heat hia

liratuM in Lhii- capitA], doT

fk ^1, L ti frum f(»t, TiLifl &oU|H»t k eeiujd in Dr, TMan u

tMcarriittf on IfttJa Alwh, Itilp,

p ‘Jssfei, L lU from foot, l>^eU} ™rd * Kfjyptuiu.’

[h, ^ L d. iW rrmnk napf VimctUn. Kdr^i^ Ifjw in ilSS.

L Chifciar, iuahnu] of TaJkAyyur,^ in No. ,Wk, ujid fiAkhiar (?) lb AOr I Nib

Aoi^onimg to tJie Iqbill n4in*, m, Ki^PiwiLr Ka™* son nf ^ ^ i, Al&4r Siniflip he^ma im offloET of JjtliAngsT^, fevciving tho rmnt of Jt itfRM^fkul md hor^., He wah tke first ni the direot mvaJ lioH of hia family to AccHfit ofliiM.

p. L ^ from foot, No, m hjw Kri bor»,

’i»4. n. ± No. 1H| luA Ka^lit,

to VuUan- Piet.^ 4^ ^ IdfcAa k m grmna

*’ bnwever, tsmjii iLat rOfcAs ia

m^ly tl^ Pomiu fo™ of the HimioBtAnj tm. Aecortl ing to the Bnrhan-i- 10 H, k tniahit in Upper fndijL GeuamUy it is reckoned as

Roe 2i fcniAB we« equal to 1 oaort.

P= 3J MS. No. m iiaa A.H. dAte

“tiew. See TdEiifc

h** ViiUers^ Diet, ti, 6. The hIS, No, l»J

hAA ^ ddp«i^ 4 kt^ > liunrbnd marten ji4ina.^

keepinS open the

k in LO. Mss. seem to be rj^fNa wMob

Uliknoirn ’ j 0 on the Troni o^A^na^ Wt may mean ■ known,

a t-ct^ <iNidam, which meana ^a I’oot,

w«d* «DU, ^ ^

«rhicl) nipiui* m. “binJ JS!!l “ d«iviri fTnni. ‘wfdr,

n. t f * *nrRj Inct«, k a harDo.

W-.

^nctmr, Kiid cm lltl, Th, ^ ** <™ *1“ “vd ®f

Wia. which u thn 4 t *# u- Wrrapomlii to ^th Jane.

^ JlS; m ^ Bculo’.

KppWDtly M word Ultia f, giied «K>iin, mkI

wooU Im •bogt « Hiittg loin j d.SK tAJehau or tohta

.beat J2*tcmc. lC«t

wwKhl WU gvfM« rmttn. If ^ ?.’>r^; ^ h« nodomtowi Ouit hu nm^klereblT mer^Hd duriiw ‘™«:bL woobl appear to We

OohfOfiioileii. I A) and fit) are often

m

IlftbATA AND ADDENDA.

4W

ji. 341 , 1 . ^ fmm foot. For nesd dm^i, tha wrd rm [ctii^Al

hitvmj^ bwn 4^iiuU4d from the t«rL

p. 344, h. K AppATflDUy weahoahJ nnal TdcIk. The di(Tvr«M» between i t and NiUnlA is?, ill Derflbn wTitin|^+ wily one ihK, T«l4l » nuantiimed hy Doe OH thn )dlU!4 wbete bn Dri-ertook JehAngir, «nd the etAgvM giiinn !>)’ him CXHTI4 to 21 kw, enonting from bum»Mr, awf tbifi agreefl very nmrly with JohAngir’K >i 44 ig>w from tlra ^me plooe.

fk 3&1, L fwm foot. The MS, Na Ihl ha* the wticil twice, and niftkoft the petAjifiX or widih, \7^ (yard*).

|j, S5I, Unit lif«. For BOlghATt rrW E’^lUcbui.

|k 3;32, h Jr Delete tlfcS woetU TTr/ Th* tnontU wwr BolmujiH eOff’ree|>Cindin^ to iTniiiLwy-FehriiMryp lOlTi and 2Ilrtli Bohmim wotJd be ilhotj-t lilt February^ In Sityyid Ah nfcjiid’‘a oditiw the word Tfr iip a mipitiike for afi, * olWi, ’ the moaning kfcwng lh*l the 23ftt wofl a “halt well oh the l£iM^ p, ai53, L ^ <;diMinTn RhAa « mBnlkiilod by Fboh ender Ifao mmo of CHdciey Khin, aorl ho 1# »id to W’e been imginrtUy a Dat thwi

seem* doubtful, os hla father’s onme U giiven itv the Mir ftt-i>AhiMdl ^ Umlik Khinjl AJ(^ Sec also Bfcjfliy# “ «ujirat,” H IS. »

now IB diodhpilr. Jt ia desorihtMJ by Finch.

p. 3S3* L ± Thti seems to lie the oMie of malricidB mentioeod in Terry’s " Voyage,** p- 38a^, of kL of ITTJ, His siawmentthat it ocefltred at Ahmodobod ill |Sin»iLmflbly an orefidghl. Terfji’ a*;^ the ra^ncU o Wia put to detlth by baii^ hilteii by two SttoIcm. ^

" xMonncid,” ir, 422. Ap|par«iiLly the punuihmant Towrded hf Johin^

took place on the 4th Fohfuorjv for Sir Thomae Rm tMntiCHW ™ modied lUliyAdaho, the neit StofiOr on flth Felwuory. The ^ sboiild bo deleted. jAUmr* Or Jalor, ia in .Jodh|rflr (1.0,. Hf, 11

iiiaerJ to be in Ajmir. It a not quite dear if Terry wm with Hoo *4 KAliyAUhs, but if not he was with him at eitecntioo may

have token place there-

pK 356, L !€, For * from tlw rity of Ujjoio,* ««•< rtod to ■ nt[»l ifK* nmr tbo city of Ujjoin.’

fjL ,m L aa, /’«• mi myt* nod wi cuImm. ^

1»i yonU. Tbo printoil t#it of SayyUl Ahiftod b», lt cuIhi.

p, sea, L S frow (ml. Ucleto tBiiehbofb ____

373, 1. Jl Thi. 1-ti.iild w„

«m.Mn of Aj*f Kbin, ifio bfothor of N ar Jobin.

Sbabprilr. Sw Mn’isini-l-smoiA. - p. 376, Q. i fStflrf two rfiomontl-. j „ t,„th th

p4K,i^3, Piy5tinorIWa>lifl «»m3nBhL t. I, « to t»th th

■ t!! m f. 11 frtrai foot. T1 k« nmh” **" proboWj rf

ircwailtai mohr*!™™ UKU-i’Of m^il- “tb^ ™,rtty It. D«^. bi.- (f(v,o Momnt of o bus* muhv i* WV .ie»rro% H. Broo*™.

Bee olaa H^hacd-Km^a Diet., artiebs Stkka, j J|n Todiltm, He

& 407 . L 15 , Tlii* i» lh« pon™ ‘/r” 1390

tho tbraoE w M aLptminwl bln FirlU m l®f*. g^

LO, MB. lei hw

erhofw He wH aUo known m

464

tJlRATA AND ADDKNDA.

*15, n. 11 S r™m f«t. 1,0. MSS- ^

.hould l» SM«frii; HJ3p.iT.ntly hi. WW *«’-cIl bnllflck—rt.

r* edw lind not two bolloek..

n. n. n. li. duiMl nate. Nartngmr mvaa right- L 417, L a from f»t. Tha wofds « doA Wrf raar «M*r « r^piffli n^niflf Slint, pk 3W, rradmn this ’ Hn uid twwty li»« hirtvier th.n

ihocorwntgdd muhrand mpM.’ t vi

p, la, L 1ft aw n. 2 in El!i<, 555. Appanmtljf

m fflin. Uut hs Wii tha a»t person te wdn dtouhl* Tnnhra end danhie rupee.. There ia an Mcount ^ tanhut ih tha BahftT-i. ‘Ajeia, 341, eol, 3, Ik^ n. 2. But it i. 27 in 10. MSS. 113, |k 423, 1 14. A fid^ i* ^ than a flnger.hreadth. it » the * oJ a yor « i%td> ami should

be abcNt I!

o. 4^, I am imkbud m my fmod Dt, ttoernlft ror tba GKp4wtiDn Ot i^Mmeftofih6two«ct#€3fSfeifT^ Tb«y !0™ld beT*pi lUid Ki^

Min Smgh> itaroe m reli^cMi ™ iln-mmhfc Sm Epi^pkia /Kdie», ip 3?., ajul jlwIiTjiinry, iJ. ssa Miji Siiagh ilitd at MaSrlbifcJiil J«l!ipAr| an^rding to tha Jain bffljks, in tlia Ixsgiftnin^ of l81Rr Tha hfiad Of lha Tapi awt in JaMngtr’a tisw waa Vl^yawfua. la aft

aUhorata fj&pftr on the Jaiaa nf tiulawt and Marwar by Coioital Milca in

TmuactioDH R. A.IS.. iil* pp^ 3315^71.

p. 44^ t 8. Tlkcre m no pnsviwja rtferanco to the ontbranfc n( pla^

IQ Kaihmirp though lhii« ia orw to ita (wcurtfinca in thn ra«|abk Thera LH an accnimtof tho pU^a in IJbAfi i, in whinsb

tit® deacriptJ’On i# carried down to the time of Auranj^ilb,

INDEX,

A

Purek, prt)- hibitfl «^«nta from ■.tiackki^ QiindnliiLr^ itfi; hh written ordrrm 115^ i wnt AkW t»orw?i, 142 ; aiiiboSiwidor liring*

lina j klteifl from* !£:> t>. 337; bcwIn miirwijfd aiH turv qnoitwearU^t 23S; ieisik pro- iwntflV 2^2-:. 310; kill> hi eon* 23H; llk witli hi ftbCMit Mim’* mnrderp 33M; fnrh idif s!mi:ikin^, 370.

‘Alxlu-l Kirfm Mamari, ilirected

to mnkia Iriiiklin^ lit

“•AtdTi-l-Lrf^tir Ak1»r> teacbr^ 2H, n. 2 i tomb nt Ajtmr, tSM. _ ^Abdtt4-Lflt1f. jWfl ei Niit(lb l^n.

wliipPE^% ITl^ ,

^A^Khi I promow.

; mg’WanMn 2^

“Abda-1 Jjitlf, dc^nduiL of rnlm^ ol f janitp ured, 37?^ ^Abda-I WidiMb, ^hiu}^. rumovetl m innimiiot^siiti. □. L

• A li(iu.-lb>h> Ncut c>f KbSn A^^anii Tccciyv* title of 140; lieaoKbt:. to Coort mid

C oot«J, 2tt0: fsOdt far fr™ tambhor priiHin, 28^: uo- ehaioixl rtod wnt to bin father -*

boon?. 2!ifl-

Abdu lhOi Bmih*. S*yyid, r^ro- moUd, 2£t«i ; lifiopi ivr^ of rktorv^ 3>W1; Btjlrf Saif i^hin,

3Si ,

^ AMn Uiibli^.tlnSi iMfi*

1 «hU Kbvija.

Ahndi. 27 ; promoted, 72,

IftTt 2fJ0s take^ prwHUMr T^ja RAm CbttiMl. W2; prtwlticrt him in Cottlt, »7 ; captona^S’TJ s Eankii, 127: apiioktwi to Duninst Bftafi and recwiran Utbs STFirtl J5S i iwd W law kiUtxl priiKSEiers, 213 ■

defnitHl in DtW^D.

^ - oloptuuit «nt t*. ^

Ti. 2,310: mi^iebjivkrarp 331 ; jiaidoiiririJ« 335-11; tpmnrf ‘wHb ‘Ahki and pH.iiisbllfleni, lau-ln

Atdu-n N’abi, Sbail^, dibinglr read tbr Forty SaySna^ft** wSth^

iTig

Ahda-r flAhim, JO.AnkMMtl, mn d( Bairim, soasaage i»tit tOp 2S; cnliHta gfelr-efgan, 113; prMoU forty olepbantap irte,^ l34p Uk; coiiwft to Goortp J47 ; hisi (WEB, 14S; undortakai to gulidoe DflCniMp 140; gi^cn oH frlflpbantaiidflsaperbhorpe, 151: daughter^ the wifr of iJpJiiyiSp nscrlvEs l^pOWJ ryjie«

fids niannacript of ^ ‘ Viksof and jtutaikbfi’’ in Mir ‘AfTn hand vritiiigt : nn(»tlnfMt£iry condVrCt, iTB-O ;

Agra pSTOrincOp »Mt to

r>ef>caH hy BifTice of lCfiw4jnl Aba-l-lLBHihjn, 221 j isromotcd,

; applies for fson’e \mv% 243 i oBertPg of. 2&5: at Ahmii^^ bid, 4201 iTerCiita Mii^ffiirt431.

•AWo 1 Bidrim Ivjuir (imaK loiicL^ Khunmo’ and roe^rEs tfti* of iU\ik Anwar, -W j rowo op m flfB’s hidfl, hot annrivts^ 6fct’0 J gii-oji IpOOO rtijjw^ JfiS.J dOfud and aent to h.a.Hhiilirb ♦Ahdu rr-RahIm, of Qn^ini

paTmMttr of ahadia* •

n^vj^a tiOo of Twhiyat k^Op

HP. I , ,

‘Abdur-Kahmilip son of AhOd ^l^, nnimotidp 17,121: rMiveaiiU* of Afml 105; nutda

RO^^or of “Behar. 1*3 ; ^ren Ihartikpar in fief f« n ys«. I4h ; ilcpb^t mt

to, W; sends to JahaHffJr niahriS of eilfiBoba,

PsttMli rehMlion, 173-5 ; iwnd#

prtMoUp 2MS t

and iJrtsoote elephant**

235; death, 241.

‘AWn-F’Rjrtiq n»‘|5

ImJtbAhi, IS. lit} nrtiU tjlwrt hikluiht - (/»!’■■ Jf- *

ji«rit to arttiyi f5S t hi* garnefl near Agra, IQIh

^4bdti s^Sidto. ** 3lo‘a€a™ KhJjip wTiTM oppsatuoEly with

fjPTiTifnirceiniqftt.*. 2l!2r

456

Mufli. mt.

‘AW-i-SolhAii Khin. brolbar df l^Kn ‘Alim^ wIotwmI Jusd pr»- motod, 177, St9s killwl in

AfghikniiitAti, ^1^-

Attluj Ram, of AtJ«ji"tw|, matw

riol and lA mUiDi iiS -30.

^Abhl, of - 4 - din^

hvl«iiua+ d1 ^ iwtod+ 331 :

appoinUKl to Kabul, 34S;

qnaml aifcJi ^Abdu-lEahT

^Abidlo l^iP^jD^ pmtnol^d,. IH>. alto Addcnrlf^

II, ft. 3 : of wordf^ AlUU Akbar AwJ 253.

Ilf, 2^5, SOTp,

Abft4-b[ Ualwp, mml t* guiMiahjir, 224; Iqft. frtrhapi* stwiald Ik- Abq>it njiM ^234 and ft, 1 : ^av^mor ftf QaiuiaJiiir and pfiewat!», 233.

Aba-1-fath, or alao called

Dokhoid, 130: tlajmr psrasBftterU la 102 ; waitH cm pJuAft^,.

257 £ bb^nafier in Kifgfior,

AM-l falb r.il»nir filmed at tliuiiLn Abdki; lfk>

Ahft-I-fa{l, nan of M oliarak,

account of, 24 ; killed by Bij- i^ipiirb Peo, 23; rtftrred to,

HL 2 1 built cmbarKkniant, I3rh and ft. I ; HiKtor of^ PM ami n. I j Irt”, 353,

Al^d’baMaM (A^af KMn [ V) ^!H»i]i of ttim£du-d’daotah and brother of Nflr JabAftt iftcaivf^ title of T’tiil4d, 3l>2 1 mi’en i¥WOnK 203 i hoiuw ofr 240; MiOfi from BnrhAnpor kchI waitu cmi J ahiu^^ 252 ; rsceiTeN titl^ of ^han, 2llfb 273 ; nend^ tlay&eat tn Pwalior, 271; nffdrinn of^. S3U i

ma^iftcent offisrin^, 320: payh bli rOflpecta, 373 1 promoted, 3J!ll ; Jahiin^ Waim,

Al»d ■ 1 ■ KJWfcn, KbwAift, rKAniy&IV diwaia+ bihd an uidfanc^, 7b v produce!! a letter of *Axte. Kdca, hft t }o(joai with A^af Klikn^ ifiG; ifo in hia hHXm, 172 ; makaa olTeriofir, 11^2; ap^peinteil to Pvtioft 3^ be had bmg -ctiwtt iJaftiyil tbwoT 2ri(2; #^ikt to Iktccan to ioquire ihUfe cau.w ftf ‘Abdu-I!ah’’e defeat. 211^; recnainaefuL^ di?ifiB£Ub nf ‘Abclu-r-EaMin+ 221 ; ad^iee

accepted ftftd tbe Khwaja M^Elt with’^Afjdu-r^Ealiilm, 221; tfwde boj^hJ ■ taf, 25^ ; api^ftift t«d along with Ibrnbim tn be

iinymai^iBr of howwhflld^ tKiJ-: prosLoted, 2«2. 2317, 31S, 32U.

Aid ^ L - haaaii J3bit‘4h|Lbftiil+ miwlr viricr’ of BennI in rODm of Waxir Khan tMuqimli JSflr

AbO-l-qib^**^-’ brother of A^ MuliamukiM:l Ja^ar, 103.

Abn > l^q^im Xamakln umerciu-*

cbildren, 3l ; aftiisda in capture of KhujFmu, S7 1 ilagirdar Jaliilir’wi, BWj removod fnjfn thero^ lOCt.

AWd-wafii, glren money” Tor Niild- i tiig brklge^ etc., at ] I nmn Ahddl, Ifltl.

Aba-l-wBlI; ^iromoted, liMJ.

Aba - n ^ itabi Cb Cnl^Etf, formwiy

governor of Mashhad, prOttiOt^ii. 27 axid iL 1; remark of, 3a and m I ; appointed to luteL^t Farid, A1 aod n. -SL

Adhar+ place in Eip^ Bengal, 213

aod not*,

+Adil BljApdr, horw ftflnt

by, wiM race, 11 If ; oiTvi^ loyalty, 17*1, |1S2, 2fl3, 234;

l^vcft tiioce in tnarriago to linger,

271 ; mtHind compoafMcma of,

272iUMiB, ;*eudn offerinKr

29B, ,™, 3«W s htylad fmamt 38 S I bis d iamoTid, 4 * 1 l>: prtjHeOta elepbnntfi. 4*‘J(>-1.

.Afial! J^han, eicin of A bad-fat^

^ Al^iu -r-Bah man,

Affal HhjUi, title of i>fullB

Ibdi. tba ^IkrrA £^wculla ^ K^ir, Jabin’iidiwan, rc^iort from. Sdd, :m ; promoted, 402:

Agfa, dra«criplion ofp 3-3, 7-

Alkdad, Afj^n, iTenles diaturli- aaoe, 197 ; defealoil., 2113. sn-pi

Ahmad Beg, KAboll, rr[jorm Khunrau’H nuirch+ p! 3 ; rfrmovtd, |fJ2; appeh nlwl to Bhnginih, Ii5 ; Atlook tmn^ifrn^l fremn * K ecraflnerl at B 4 ntamldi 0 r, releAMd, 2U7; governor of KnAbmir, 303.

Ail mad Ktwin, brother of Khi^r Kb^p’aheh was furtner’l.V ruler of KliaFutfPMb. 70,

Abmaii ICJiatta, ^bBikh. aPuiinU 4’.^ ami note.

457

Ahmad Ubdrl, ShaiWi. Tmdn Mir-i’

■ ■AiU.

All 111*41,

note* hy* 1^12^W>T 215,

AlsffWMl^ ShUAh oI OuJirBt,4’AI.424.

AbmiiiLAWt-ti>L: fttylcc! llttriLab»j;l,

■ 4l4;iiiSi«=rilrtipnErf^.423-: nwJi«|ue

Ahi3iadmi«*r, l^tl ; grmftwof. 3«^>.

Iflajiiap^p Stt, (SI ; killecit And note, U9p 1?W. , ^

Aj]iur» ■eiitHrtidp 5 dflM3iptsop of,34(>. ^

Aklwf. cmpcKir,, dwiiH? fai’H.Jwmp I t f„iikc-i SSkrl hi* impitaJ, -2 ; ntyliKl dmtti

dl^yrljil. 51 illitpralp, 213 ? pcntDitiiS nfjiMairtnw^ - 4 ; flhiltlnn9f,»i 5T-«i diiwrlinra to kill HemAH 40; ny^rch i0< iujmtitp 40- J; fljMunt of, 42 3 1 ftl»4tincnoa of, 43 1 ♦DivIfiA Faillii,’ Ikl a^^\ lHitli:l* fort on ChaniK lO ; <!hiuigwl mono for tdiciTlo^ I j

(Uiisivcrwu’y of Hirtb, 1-4 j denth, H?! t Umh of, nstM by .TAhanurlrt orde™ Ataortt

SuikVv, ism? twict *

vwr, &>; ke|A l.iJdOoVirwtftbPi.

!i4fl + to .lahftBjfir id o

drei^p 2^19 ? fopwlne!!* for fmii. 27l>: m tjcij*rotM 429, 43#!, Akbayriljp aOn of !>&«.

riol by hiA fionftp 2t*- ■■AlAm’gTiiiwttp niiina of AbjiiHAoi, 250

‘AWo-Iuilii, ^lutikb. oj

KhalKh S«lii», Tteti’tr* till*

-warn Khfi4>, 31- *’««

Albino birdJ* Olid lioaat*, 1^^

‘All AhimA llttUi, SMiJf ItiuuiA. IKWI ’ eng™’’*’’! * Kivett h=, iWi

dnlK of. m; «ral*>t >*«

’AirAltUtShilii. 311^.

ttud |di>‘on Saniliha.1 in HOf* ^ and ooto; leot m pitr^nit « Kbu^np. : yivnn 1 ,^rnp«w. IU.^1 iTW*ixl to, from l> 00 *n. 233; j

Mal^d, i^^ylftl Saif hWn, 32. 5fyi S*iJ Kbiin,

“AIT Barbu, Sai^Sd, jiffoototKl,

AU fsJiin Kfori* iwwiv» ttfcJo of Xaul^ KhAn, 111 and it, I,

^4ti KhiQ NijAltl, aenL iO Iteamn,

I

‘AIJ Khan, ruler 5*f l^nAeith,

li^tLFr of *A^ K<4£ii to,

Marrlln Wian Bab&duf, ■rnni^cd mid mado piisowJTi

■All ^La^jldt fort of, 102^ II”- -Ali <hil5 latajlUp t*blo norraat oi IsmATiaiia.

Alblki^lid, !»ofi of JalilUp prwJmit* to. 32lp 324, im.

Allab T*r Kehi, fliylM Mimmat Khrni. 4iJli.

AlTii^tor,

AZ/ON^a/N^d, m«Hiiiii(Pf ^rni,2a. ATawa S*mi (11 milffli soulii ffliAt o4 Sirhlndlp dl-

AEEUirtabid, slrM^O omjTtnc* at,

247*

Ant^iat Khin. pujjarlntandfloli of Cambay, flS, 4:^

Aui&nu-lb^* imn ol Maiiiiltat

Rap odJiKi Am*nMi&£l aftor

Ali^’“s^h. Bii*. of

dEfmt of,34l»-jl : fiuliimle. !f73, ■2Tfl^ 283; alatuo ol^ 332; aondr*

Airt^nn oppreawr (Siklitl.hruTilj- hncrl, 7*.

Amh» Khan Keehenjii. re«i’^ rwik of >.«».

Bblr afgaft andMiblmj^lf klUod,

Amhi. ilellk. ■»

< Amkl^iib f KtawM Khi«,

nilEr Ilf Sl*l«e» ♦»?’, …. .

Ati^ l-jpy* or |wri»(» Yatirfi-begi, 13. 1*

Amir ^vhHJirmtt,

Aniim-J^ t’HiarA. l^t^aftf KJiAiL

Atfircthlp bait tp lOO, ,HmiM(pil™llM « 1 Til *

AuKUl KWn, ‘-Ml ‘(

«VB0 one dJit e oflipin,ps m i

AnSi HihKb-4*!*?'^

Riy, mve* Jehiiigtr hunt, l(«-7: ‘^eei’W 1^. Id chew

; chMSB of from, to AM Kh^ H^mCWtiSirT. »«>•«“«- ; jwraftiOtoii, 33-

458

IMtEX.

Anja tift MC

nitHbih.

ADtJtic^^p ^ of juitelope

At. JahdngfffpQr (^bnlUapOTm)^ SIJ, !.££, liSJt milk M ante \opc, 1-Wi j prnTcr liuule

Qf iik[h#

Andp Mv^ Am rml, ^

AqU brotlisr of A^f ¥yjJiii,

1.0. MsihAmniiul Jn’fiif As&f

(No. mi, mnk

AtjiLm Hiit, prolomled turh^Hh amba^iuJur, 144.

^Aipl, Khwa^ mime lpi4k}jfllk^ “1 : firotnoted, ‘2^ : mikle a KMa, 43».

‘Arab Khiji, morJo B&f-hoMer of 4etlftUbid. Ids. 1115 ^ pvort

_ fe|e{iihfl.at, 170,

ArAm fidnQ, nlKauhter M Akl^r flfkl Biba l>H!ii1ab - Sj^l, * oharoct^f of, Sif,

Ar^u^uk 1 Ai^han 4ajUx), 107 ai^ no If.

Arjumand Ekm i MumUi Maballj, marriod to J^htitnun, !fiilE&ii d^EiMiib ’224 urn note 3 Wth of D^, iiSiL

ATjlmip 1^3 kii^ fifth Gflrfl^ favtuijra 72; pm to clemh, 7^1

anil m

•A^lAkytJmJt ttillo of Aklmr}, 5 .

Arslia Bf, goverftor of Kfibnuml! fort* H ft j “enited ttpon 135 ; api^dum to Bahwnn,

Asmd MuUft, irkiry.toUer, 377.

OthoTTL^

^SraA JaTar Btfg, mn of BndVa^ ^ui^Uh ttf C^win Itbe A^f ftiO% iii of BlochuiADnf, couikIpc OiicdiM, 111 msplMw qf Mulhtftr Bvg, ISj raiAda viiier, IS, 42,

™ mid m 2 I ^ven fiof in

Panjah, 4i ; with Panrl^ 74 ; left to gitord Khtinraup H2 1 lifltifts tiait«ii by JahAomr, 122 = pm^ntj rttbvp 14^; ilbiv «t Bartu^lmr, .Stit-S: aitsjiooteJ Cf pnvity to Kabul iJm a| KJutiEray ^

A^^lfh&n (W lib 0.< fi|iiyiaa-<|^ _ din *AU.

A^f J^n fXoL iv], AhU-l-liaMn -Ajdrgarb* .“H,

Attock, fort oL lUL Avi^tw quoml aWitt ™e- drlnkmift

Ay’fo-i-Jj|hiO£[lrl^ Jabflnglr’ft latidofi, 3CI5.

‘A|Amat KJiAn, 422: daath, 442. Koka, Ij^bAn A’j^aita^ Mon of ShiwiHu-d-rtiB mini Jljl AogA, tesoucd by AJcUar^ 40-21 araxHii’ Jahan^r in pqrautt of Khusjui], M I diaeovery of hia lettw to ‘All KMn, ~%-nt hypoonticaJ character, |Htl : g^omorof Gyjarat, LVI- M‘nb to Deccan, IS5t governor of ^IAIwb, 200; ^yifidtniin, hiii

aOCt

3^1: letEcr fronip 1203 j begN to bo pent. A^nat tlte Rani* isa : bclkBvoa UiiUy, 357-s : miuJo over to Afftf Khio iNo,. iv) to 1» conjictod in fpWaJiar^ bnt to bo mado cmn- fHJTtabtfi, ; Akbarapiioarp to Jahitngir m a dmim and Ijcg* forgivonodH for ‘AaLt, 213B: brought from ffwaJlor and par¬ doned , 3ft7 : g«m lak h of rojiopa, eto.p 2?!9,

B

Hit« ^huirajn, «« l^urram BilA _ atm ^httb Jalifin.

Babajp ompororp defeats Ibrihim, Sul|An, 4 j nmkcfi gardrct 4 ; ^ylcil /Vrr/ii.t^fflKL|:Oar,o| wnitod m by IhlAwar KliAn, ft* ? hia Mono at Kttbuh Ifnt :

hia ^fcmain^^ lofi* Jlfl noto^ 315 j Jahi^t viaita hia tomb, I ll>; ttjviaitfl ^onc tcrrace-T 1-1 p ilofeata Rina iialiga, 25S ; Ttrse

by* arw.

Bad luck* four rauwft of, 23S.

Badi^U^lirEamin, fourth E>on of Sbabfukb^ JISl; goM 00” lo jfliy Rini, arrcHtod and lent to Court j 127 E gat* 3,000 rupoeip* IfiOl fimmotod* 1S3, wMta an JabAnglr, 202 : np- ^^^t od to cKpimitioo ogni nM

Bij^hap ion of FUnA, 74.

Baglilna, aodoant of,

Bahjidur* anf3 of ^Juamlhr Gujarati, nt^w diMUrbaoce, 4ft: -death, 274.

RiJ^ur, Saltan cf Gojaratr 4^W.

Bahidur ^ban QQrlvgf, promoted*

fil ; govcruor of t^ndaharp 3jy; maktja oiffering, 37^.

)^bKX.

B«LAdiiru-L rntilk, fiiMsn aSTi; upMiiflUsdt

Sio. 37^^.

flail nfc.WgJ^^ Wn ci fSBIUl,

Bniiim KWfflp AklrfU-V tuX€V, ^ i Itilbi Trtrdt Beg, ; id’rif^ swnrtfl

io SnilmA Siallibi Hq^ba, ^■ Biu 4: {VwLj^yiil, Efiftilu cM-te.

BhiiS. villii^, i6wV Ba^ktAT ^ChAci KiOiwmnt, “Adjl Kh^ N fATDbriU, tiiL B4lu~ i1i$4r. at Knbul, iiM^piicUd, lilt

117 iitiifl nirt^–

BwiAwi. SHnskl*. imswid^t f^Eimarni |naiii«hiin5tat+ 175-0- Hi%atj izbd 5v5iT, ^57.

BuiiiibAdiLii, rlefihiint Hilt by Islim

Kbin, JETT.

Bipfia. iTiO 15, 1i BAcji K^ti . rrtlei of liargU (51 AbtiittiU4>K ‘i^^

Bvim 04.

BiU^khaiTfHr, ™ of ^AWu r- Hfl-hnuinp wn of H^-g^

onkmwl Imok ta bw_ IvoEp J givrh Ulba of KliAJi “AUreip 15+^ ■Srr’ Kh&JI * ,\lAni. Bu-kjianif^t l^rotber of I *h

ihrflK-junp;, tiUn ^jf B*bfUior

I-Mi I iifomoterfi I liS- fioA&wal. Itiwl.

BLw. fUjA of

Hilt in of * j

in elufgo of Chand

ti7; ajipOtnlMl to

RtTny Agaiiwt RafLin sWJ j deatfit

vilU^ ia UnJaTUt, ■!» Bay«jd,

^baikb Salim, iiruiuotacl, ^ E noeiTMtiUo of M U^aOTfo ^}t-\ 79: gnrcriior of promoted and HPt ^

I jl : firomotcd, lai”-

Bavacki Bnrha. 4lS.

Biyat. Qiaotad, JO- BAywild 5Jaiikail, pa>’”

along wiiJi hifl brotbert ^ w ooming from Bans^, off aftor gvttElig dr««* Bavaaiiglur, Hti of lM.nK’Ab Bix Biilt^iirp titio of WJa iton of NisAm Uam&yftli, ai i heki hpf m

Bibar, 2L

Bai Bahidiir ■MabziiJi^p wajta on fabitigEr, Tk ? o^ipo^atod to IM.

Bengali ftocotint of, ‘Mftn

B^tmr etofsest

hpoygbt from G&matio,

Bhddax, name of Ahteadabftdi dtadoip 4’i3s

Bbai^au DiAi Hajap 90n of B4^l SJal, uddIb (aiidBdctpdro father} of Min SiOfh, Id, i3J; in hattJo \n fJaiafttt^ ^

Bbakra, villagu in * S hakWcount ty.

m-

BAoaintr, pct-p W»i

BMo SiP^t, iwn Min

.j»otnot«l lit >“>- 3Ks nIKula Mirti BijJ. 3IW t K«s aes i (iffprinit <rf. i •

A»l«r, r**!* “ wirliirt.

BhJjrtt. pMdMn ^ R*m Chwid

BsmtlUh, “•’

Bhpj-ia, fti ot iil. 3Wi-

BhliD Ifpiiyiin, ai limlelitt, ■*! l-

Bhwtaniiji,

3!IS.

Btflffiiol iribo, W*

Sm mUtH ImlkiwW), 4.

BliAr Dina Be»«0H <liMight«r of

Mrf, Aklur, 16-

Hilult Ri™r. .un

BiW^UbSd, !^t ta.

B&bitr, hrt “* '

2), ^nt 141 Cuj«». *«• ’

7h64.rf: “I’”’*-

IS1>EX,

4^1

lUi ifiiitc 1-10 1

pnPt I4i 147^

Zf rtm

{fatMif. iUiAni^EKfi, U luatl n. 1.

fmntMM o( AbQ-l-til|l,

Hi

ywim wi ihrorne, BuscwaHt IT7- qnciUtdp 0 laotMp uhI

^nOtiiL

‘i44. ^7.

mkuig cDicruuniitant,

Bi^vUl^ku’. «d« aF K}]u.«mip ESI

e

OiUi^ for Ajmir ahrinPip

QflbrfpiaoyTaIr df* 415-17.

Cbii^Jift»cd 4 ,T. ^

in Kuihnair^i^ }cNmcn]nc).p ^

Qmj^ mi mnUiii 3,

(liMirEn* 4 pUiM)t 7-

M, ukmlDdjT^ 4’i!^, 4^.

Hh^NU^ minjuict emrtfli nt^ ^ti^QundAlfl dr JaiMlifilBi df, Ulia

O ^ii^M n QvJuuJ, Qujigikcfl nt,

r:.

CUMulArfi poet, L4L

J.h Lnk-^-^ltffr, (}iioCdd+

CWhA w ilamoA^ made W

1.1 ttMn, wnL Ia ■ ili pwjuM^ in Fflf^ ’:£3i7-lk

(Ui^ {T KhaJj-E^ Himlu CUtd,

Q^E!) Sdt^atn, dmu^ter of ^ -Ubhi, ilin At- A^oiir, 32fL •pifliBlIw iwns id Dwowtili.

0^ Qil]. iiromotddp IMp 2i>l ; •ill I RhAn^ lift, 23 J * mbt ■ni^at^r ^nni, ;

wmm Jahiogirt ^£U0^; ni^. mdaAMad rlnthn 3Ql.

Oufli ^yk, caJt4lcaflof+‘13,6>^ 7^

CHEtor+ Akimr killed Jitmal tttp 4S, dijO; takfln* 351. DironctfmmR^ II. m» 1 note*

KH, m ira, -ITiX CainH^n niKl sllverp 10-12,

IB^T; new cdiungd at Cjunbfry^ 417-18.

Caliimn^ irOn-p fit DhAr, 44 j7- l-uatomm altolition dF, 4Tp lOT-S, 417.

Cy|HtHB4p ^

D

bahr, villogdp 7U.

UtthndiH |i?irdeji nm.r A^, 1JI55.

2.‘Mp353

Ikili£fik, AFjfhan trllw, HA 137* UrilL Idkd in KaiilkiuirT Ihuiqinz, n^i^dUAp 17^

]iiini_yAlp SaliJiai^ Rcaj of Akbfirx birthp M ; aceount of, 35-fl ; hid dlp|LiWitA, 4 «; chEldren^ 75 ? ^Jtnljto^‘u Daulat JW *

lloTlie from Aktifir. 142 i JaMfigir direcle thnl he be i^hrlda Kuu-t Antp 107r iMrL ^ukah, birth of, ^ iMiftbi ETHi of ^Abflll-f” ttab^ K^aikbnniiEip drejW given to. 21 I ‘ptOMted rweives.

Ilha^pur in fkFi nscoiviw

dag^^p 340 t hia bravery, 5) 3 : riH.’eiv&»jm elcpEkant, 41^.

Ijarfalt eodntry^ 1511 and U, 3, 102 nnd n. 1; proporiy T>&fAl+ tbd Dw/aLdf thd mapdp id KbkuiaiiftVp

Peniiii. iSr-f Addenda.

Kodiiilp AFglum rolev -eF Sottgaip 2u7r

nneeator ol Kblji iTmbAn Ledi^ 87-

iJaalat Kh£n, father of Kbitn Jalk&n Lodi, wTvwi ‘Abdu-r-Rahll(n.r Wb- llaiilat Khin liringH bblbJcafcDnr ibrona from AJIaIwIaiL 177 ; fanidar of Allahab«d and Jfittnpnrp *217.

|>aula4-3b^k utother ol H^kam n- niiB and Ar&in BAnfi. 3^ thkyinat K.hin, titio cl Qfuiim ^AH* 123 ; printed. 2IHI, 2fl5 ; in- aidtH 1 *EiiEiJdid^-ddiil[kl:i ■a4^ in paninhed tlexi; Tronj^y caJhi Davioat SAbit}, 278-0; rolOfi-aedH SOiJp 3mtlp"3lH j nent to «d|mt, 331; rant rmtOred, brings *AMn Ihih. 335.

461

n kind of . 14-^

maitr Mcottllt of, m i iaiJCriptfart ttl>.

DhlrdW. mia. ^

[ihttrpntir or *^Kfptt£^ Hindi lerittor S271 and 1-

Dumcindp callet! Chaink™- ; nino’ iJiiAnioDdH Noiit froni BMiarp ^Si,

Diamond

DikhtAit, Tilb^ in Jialwflb 4410. Dil-Hivui (iiuden, msur !

ifahan^r misrt^ lii» mdlnar 131-

mWtiT, tillti &f IbTohiin ly«n K^bar^ :i0> 301 iKTifnoupJ, m 77,-JSU. m s oppowii iiOp ^2 f gfvon .TaonpUr, UM 1 iwridjf rubj% SJS.

DiliihWiif Kjmiip son df Hwulat Kl’^n and s*cn”«Jit of ljfllmKr+ pUl tlisath bv ibir i^hilip SS.

IbJ&war lililii. nr ‘Amid Ohori, fQuiid« nf dyiia>ity«

Div™ ruith, Akhaur^ aMnnntnf, till and o. % flb lli«^i feativolT Dogs, laa, m

Dohod pox^noh, 4H+ -Mn, t^wutonH Capl:iP+ ^4 nntC- Jlrtnking, daliAtiglr^B role ^

resolve not In drtuk m FtidAj’ oycSt 13(1 O’

DoKp. floa <d Ray TvlitiK dufdat^fc

^JoniNl. Mi l «>?*“„

UncuMit’, 217 ; miMto “ '

flenl to inipfioft Slln*

229 ; put l« d<»tH. 3M’

l}ui|.’«< ftiy- Micoont

of, 134 UhI Atldendfc ,

Dorjiui aal, r 4 imi UiUi of

3J JL . -

iMst ^ Kbwija

DiufJ atomic ^247.

Eor-boringp lua

l?eli|«,*JmO<.D.

281 . Stt afw Ekphwif, “Xik

ItOt priM” trf el«Ii"^- d«ith of two elephpol* from

btto of a moii deg. ‘143; iMrlil of MB tlij|iblin^ IWE-; dffplfcttiil IkUDLing. 40b Englkda^ victiofj* efp ^4.

EfStitw. W. , i[|Boti}d, S B. 1 : « jioieii ti juid b cte.

RDnucdu, cinki™ ef making in atioLuihod by JofcAflglr, Kffl ; bat »0 |krcaBnt4^ anl^

they whctb naut nsdcr c^ert

nmnlinu4^l in If*^-

fc’oriih, gwvei™- ef+ daug™ attark

OB QimdflJiari. ^ ,

Forhal ^iin. irtjikea MiibamfLiad IluffkiRp 44- ^,

Parid Bnkb^

io ijort of J/fr /fe4**b 13 + rajHixl to rank of S,CiilO, oni^ in i^neUiBg B]nal nirf, ^1’, KBt in pnmiiiof Kb™»o. 63, 57 : TictePy over l^iMran.

^ t iriYOB Blioiniwal pxid btlr

of KhM, <M ; ixmvoii

i^horge of Arjiin t! flrfl » ebiWnm

aodUM^ firman WHil fco«

I28t tcwL<i rtWiioB. 132! ICJTon nn J Hmno, 1371 reBW^ from (Jniortrt oo penroots opi^^. 1™ - uunuol to tlM! {:

^^tJi Xow t pft^ 11*^

~,^n>waf P4njil» IRlls ^of, aw. 282.318: t/8.{)in with S-tMU ‘«»**■ ^ ’ to Kinj?™. 2M S ^raj {iiniflt. 311 : deolli BOtl

puorfoni, l«7 S ,P«* *“

^|p«eu), 184 S «Ue» til*l(«P.

ra^K. Afiha® I»mi*l.

Kalml !«Wt*. , ,^n,

Farra+b B*(r, |wiflt«Pi f^’ 1“^’”’

163-

Fatk tii^. g*^”. ^ ***

Falh

FMl^pllr; ao c«ll«<l all** ^ojant, a

46,> INUKX*

nf IjAktmi Abi4^ fftlh, invoU-^nl in ^u»rtB^8 r^otAJixl jmuriwnodb llSJ.

FAl^Q-ILa^h. irMlin- jironaftE«4 71.

Ftti hn-IUh, ooflfifm«I

IJI,

FaiiI, Mifp fauMwnf QaliUlflh,

Fi4il KK&np FAfil,

FidA^ RiiAii, title ai Sahniti&n

lai ; pFonKrtcd 6 ikI (miiI Us I>jttiiU3* liii; made bfik^I of Jaiin.R’ft wTBVp -asa;

-JSCk

Filial lytan, tEtlfl er HkUij-ata-tUli, 383 s sent Kg&iEut Uie JuniiKlnr of Jaitpar, 3tH),

FLghAnip tK»t^ I AT) and n. I ; qnoted^

!)5&,

/y^afudk MplaifiOiJi fttid m 3,

Findn quctedt M iMrt*. 131 n. 2p 17-i notOp 381 nntfi.

FinJiiil^fllM^nJp hu SH: BAIaTi-

Fi^Mog, I88p 4^,

Flowers Imlian, ■uporiDr to all

olhota, A

Fniilalt i^portHk pinettpltlOH growD ml, S.

Fmok iwddk>s 23t.

Frajika of Gm pluiuiar fear

255,

Frttlliipa: JiMn^r’a pert^ty for ranngOM^ A, llfl | aeeDriptioe of frtiUp UH, ^u. m ailT.f’^p 455, 430.

CrAdl *A\t, oeptunH Mahemnvwl llluMEU 44.

fladiklp klollA^ eocoiistt of, 2011 CkifoAnf (h^iiirrdK atiinud oaile^i ’ nualet of ttil^T* iOl-fi^ tiuDo Ugp fl3p m, 107t 334 5891

GhfJckAr tribe, DO.

(jherchel+ BadeklialuMl tnbftt I’^D. Cihuili-]ll)Allil, ia the Khvberp 1(7 (DOW known 4 a lAndl-Kotel |. (jrhmtff. 5luhiLi|iiiuuLk 42U iLnd Dele. IxiMiiLp mn ^ Jinl Eleg.

4Ui£ef betretbcHl hy Akl^kt U> Khfiuima. 30; emmnt of+ 71: ruWHJtlOii with ^Olkkbt uj deoaii. +5 1 >ient tot^AndiJmr, ?5&; waita on JaMngir, 131 % poetry Df+ 155 ; ordei^ lo Qeiwldiar, LA L; rofforte about ^sdahar^ 173 lE ileath aifed chara^rp ±23^,

tShly&fl Beg, father of KOf itahan, fliylnd pEimAda-d-cbmla, Lf2 and n. 2; put in rhar|^0 of Agm, 67 i hb mn r^coated, 122 :

tofik of 2,m mad* VlKiff. 2lt0i houfw of, 2f0? rtCOivea rank of 6,000 with 2,18X1 ho™, 2H0; affronted by IJeyfitiafck 273; p^met4-dp 2»0p 2«l ; ortierinif Hsf, 3l8 t iTcardilili&aehDfgpUtfi* chikl^326; dontinswntraviewod 374 ; Jahfttigfr givea hia own turban lo, 378.

ithiTiltf Zain-lJuinl, diwan el Patna, i75j nuuiabedp 178.

Ghi}*Affn-a-dfn, Sultfin of MandQ^ rnurdrr ef, 303.

GbLjAffD-d^iln *Ali, (wc Ni^lb

(Tbiyigu-d-dln ‘All

(Ka lib father of NOruKldln, I22L

liherkhatri, near Pethawnr, igtwr^ BDoe ol faqira atp llTA

fjT/d# (Cfherty), 116 and D. L

Glailwin^ F. referred t 4 , 8 a. 2.

fkHi, 21ft. 255.

tlobind D*is Vakil, killed, 203,

OobindwAlpnewaaf victory received at, 63 1 rcaidcEicflOr Aijun (^Orft, Tit

(Inapeap 6, 404, elc.

Ctniara, d*Ate, 01,

Uul-afahAn, Mbar’a garde]! at Agra,

4-.5r

(iul.rukb Btigam, mother of &il1ma SdL^h BrgimT

(julab-p&4L|>J, Mremony of, 206.

Gulbalikr, cbemes ofp 104.

Gwallitf , 4p et*.

H

kiud nf gv^apC, 6,

LiidLp MuhntQQiM, quot^ 16 n. 4, 13 n, O.

tlaOf, omena taken from, 2L4, 381. Ltafta JamAlj fountain, near Ajtair,

’ 2.77, 2(V& n. L

I Knldar, ^JjMukh, of AliuudalHnl, 428. ^mbdorm, 02.

Ifiji Bi Dabog, given 4,00(1 rup^, 15& I pramnted+ 251; getfl title dE Oabeg Rb^n,

11*11 Kckn, Hater of ^a^idat Vkr Koka, foatef’Piilder of Akbar, 4^ Ha]i Mfrak and othera relwed

frotu G waltori 180.

INDEX.

463

E]«klm 21117-

Jlftkim A\U l^hyRksiui, ImtiihI in nuthonlAtii^, 61 fnibaqueCMis cbarnkTef, ; dmch AeviI

cKofibCter, IM. Sw o/w ^ irbierfi ths *■ Tdd’ iik iv ui^tdcc ciF teKt.

lUWUi ^tnj^flkr, 5* j nak fiiwl, 79, ;§:« Jiililn-d-dJn ilifcltiiiL

Fl^lm rwflivffli iitlc

\LLiihu-x^%Alil4a, IS5^ 267 ; prn- duce» hpnitAj)brodit4 ®74. lluldm liM. Th I

n lnjat4ki$ of test- Thfl name- if and }v6 » Ibi."

jnfj’i wba trvBtod AkWr in hiA IdJSt

Mbwld UujiiT&ti, pbyjdcuua, JtiS-t*- ftjurid&s iTh^, »rVB£il ‘Pf the RanL, 273.

Ftaun^ MlnA, oi» oJ Sb&hrciyi’fl twin BOftfK neL^ *i tuS ^ng to join ^uarfQ, 61 fod

D. 2 taf(tarentlv h« wm pat to

dmhr Jif if hnud nf

him).

FJ4l>wi, 8bfJ^ BoO of i^iliaikh

27 and □. 2. ^ MujQ,ftiTab

KMn.

lioAnn AbdaJ, flUcCi* 99. yia*(an ‘’‘AW iTurkuniiO profontOiS, 248, ^

ACwi Hufain, twin BOni of ^bt^nikh,^ *4, IIP; tor Htwain

• M!t alio J18,

lliuuui Beg, afljlMMflBdwl- of tlw king of Periif, rocflivCB 10,060 mpefla, 90, lidjwn Mh-oimp 4t^- BiV^ him, of DahtTd, 30S.

Ha^itn goveroor of 0ri»a,

12T1 roimU forty-four Olephan^ 183; HUfcde gororooc of Koebniir^ lOD: has Issaifo tn BP tberB, 2031 $afdiLr ^Mn jraWiluted for him^ 250.

rta^ilpilr, vdiogOt 362, ftitUTn, non <d oianglJ^ or Mankllp 29,

Haty^ vilbgti, Ef7r Hjirarm, a Roothfaycr, 43v UaxAru^ 110,

Henift, rab«l. 3S, 3U s WIIkI. «- “■ HiJ&>‘Blu-Uah, »tjflo4 FmUiI KbAit. ■783

Uilkl khin, m :

Hog bimL At Robtif In PbnjAb. 120 -

Himmat l^houp proiootal, 439:

bn if AllAh-^‘i.r Kuka, 4C^ Hiii-tSlr ffttbor of Eii|ay^a Huli^ Begam, 4 ; tomb of, at Kabul, IIU.

Hindu caAtw, 244.

Ho^btl, Jidbin^t arriA-of at, 6T+

lloli t’fimjipmcfl. *MX

Huttl^ nakluiif, buried al Mwon

AbdAl. JIW.

Haiulydiip enaperor, fi; gave title af $4.frfn - frtlfiM to ‘Abdu-^ ^atowlp l.‘i t deaUi of, 38 ; h^iil«d rbiEMxeroev near tlia Kamjk, 102^ pOortd water on minlA bauda, 133 : lietrothed SalimaSalikft Begam to Bairiink 232

Hunting, Jabdngtr preftra abx»ting with a gun* altd on qob day ki-Ued d^p 45; h atit<^

for 3 mOfttbji 6 days, ft3, 139. 121,125* 130,191* 292 234,

248,276, 342, 344. 360,

IIiWMn Bi®, ‘Hitw* of Bot^pJ, makea oubring, 37b ffunain Beg, «nt by ^bAb ‘Abbaa, 86 ; tTukoai offering, 372.

Huaaitt (propwly llaAanl Beg Badakbi^l jodM ^ojiraO, 54 ; euggiwts goiPg to Kabul 66 ; mhoolB at boatmon, «T : fA*- dnwd Wforo Jabai^r, sewti up in ox-hide ami duiB, 69; refcftFDOe to, 1119. nuxain Cboiebl aent to Refina^

237 A

11 Euwin iJainf* bt* dreami SW’t dJeeiplee rewarded, 46! g^t* tweatT lakhe of ^Uma^ 72, tlLL-min KhAOi gwrenwror Hermit^ Jjuaain 51JnA. mn ol Sbhrokb. alleged petition from :

killed, I2f. ^

//micitHJ fkittd oTgrar*!. 5 «- liuMmo-d ■dli3der¥iib, afifi of </hAxI ■ igian BuOab^dilp mairimt to Abfll-bfaiik aialer. 166 »fid n. I. Itusma-d4lt3+ wm ^ Jwailo-d- dlfl lojPi 404-

HoiibAng. fon of UHm KMn e™w hxm Bengal

Maghs 2»6: jiromcrtied, 284: itviedi rkrtm

Hil<.]ri^g f Jhfln, i^uBan of Mindd, 3BS, m ^

HydmtJiobiB^ doAlfi of two ebip^nti from, 243,

464

IJiDEX-

1

IWt

IbrAhim, h^i of Qnibu-d-

dJn Koka^ [}fi:iinOt«d and trtySw KkHib*™ KJiift, Tfi : ^^TjniPf of ftohEAM, 144 ; faujd^ of Ucli>

170; jgiftftiu-aiy agniTHtt’IJinnin,

; killwl in kmCtk, 2ia 4.^* Ki^kwor

Ibr&kiin Bdb«, ihft Afghati,

mrafirvftl itt Chuiukr, t i ,

Iltruhlm I lusaint Mir Brt^rr

of kliiidl-H, 14^1*; toriL to ‘Ai^lx

KgK as-

Ib^im Ifu8»n, Mirxa^ tebol, 4<>.

llinllalln RbAn, promotp^l lUkd taaiia joint-pajnuHtcr of hfi«»hD3rt,

; nw caffedoiffp : iwnt to Bahar, ; uoiiqiiera K.lkokLora, seat to Ben^, 373 ^ Nembi fliatnchotb, 3T(J.

Itirfihiin i^Mn KikafT ^

iHli-NTJU’

Iknihlm Ixull* Snltiop #iw of ;|^ilcJUL4W Lod3p kilEvJ, 4^ :

U’fannv of, 87.

Iftikl^r Kh^P f’ltiior of Mu’ti^ui K^b^ii. ^ftda ram elo|i]Mnt^ I TO ; uronM3t4id for gOO^ fiervioo in Bengali 177 ; joiiw amnj agMinat ‘Uaminp a09; klUad in wltlp,

aid

IktimJim Khio (KotvAl)* i»fit to bring &Kll^U-t-XAin4n to Court ^

liT ; liromoted and appoinCotl to tbo okitr^ of tba Bonita! flrt^tp H4 I in expedition AgaiikF^t " LTunaap Acoording to Iqbkl-naEiiA bo bad cham of }£ir llanui, mm of IgbibrniyL

IkhujIlM’l molkp tkrown frcimbia hor^ and kiilad, 44.

Ikrlm KlhM^ son nf lafiJn Kbin, 433.

Ilf KIwtip protnoiedp 143, m.

Iiaaikft QoUp mkr of Tranaoiianap puta Mink l^loaoinH or at kiBst> the pretendH^ Mini Burajk, to dwt-Qp I IfT.

“Inkvnt Ekg, miaUlM for Beg, as.

‘fiiayat Kbtn (text has. tihiyk^;i, pmEfijobHC IJ^ and □. i9U ; tmule ’lokyni KlulOp 184^.

[nj0+ #€« jAmalo-d^ln IJOAOin.

IqDkJ’naiEUi i^oOtedn pnMtmr

iTdjdat Khin, bmiher of A«M KhAn [Ja^fark OMole of Patna

anti IfkjtpdTp 117, proniErted, SkWp S7z

Imj, eldofL aos of KMiikhflTMiiSp flrcflis of hoEVDor a«nt to, 21 ; □litaLnB leave from Pkj-i^‘iXp l8^.k; wait^ an -fahilniflt, lW>t given kwell«l kbi^^rT 1133; st^ded

^b^b vQawiii bliAup 11)7 ; gi’^on

flword ,iiCH; (tenta™ n to 1 iocNfSi^ 221 J laomotod, 2±l; wmM to Courtp 234: Hint book to Deoesaup 243 z ofleriing i>f, 21tS ; rlofeatj^ Malik ^Ambor, 313, ete-

Irnflfip W, p qU0ti;d^ n. 3, oU?^

TarkliAn^ Mi™+ ptoitiotedp ^li, 2ili(S: coiue from Sambbal and Imuourod^ 3id.

fj^lamp lyiiop oriifinai name ‘Alft’ii- ii-dJn~31; lettm from* ll3p 11M» ; aa-ord Miit to, 117+ 248; pm- TttCrtodp 144, ITI ; He and kiw IrrofUier Qfljfim coaM not agmOp 147; |wt«i]ied vlth a takn of rnpecH oollootM IbV him, ; Kent to Behar a^o Bongalr in S^pitC of objocfcjonn aliont lila yi^th, 306ti Tnadr IkuX» hi* hood - i|iULrterftp 2ntl; aeniU UlO «lo- ^ntsp 227 t ewOifH Uw olophnut Barndbikdeii, 237 1 wtmIa e^e- phantM and lifty eunncHsp 247^ iiL^a a^cernE ftJMXtp 25<1 1 death aod ekamoteri ‘237.

Lrm&lT, son of ^tfoliaiiimad ri[ud[f, 439.

rubir Khati^ gi ven tia^oliof in fieft 1 13 ^ offering of, 282, 313 ; Jjiro^ Tnoted\j 372-

I’ttinad Khan, of iinjarat. 429, 430.

ItimidudKluyla,^ Sf# Bog.

I“tiqid Khkn, tide of Aaaf l£!iiJl. ibo Jather of Ndr-JAhijip and the Aj^ No. iv of Blochinann, 2ti0. AbO-l-Haaao.

l^iqlid KhiOpa vmingcr hrotlwr (?( of AeaJ Noi iv, and ilXna known msf ^^par> 218 n, 3; Iw l»cttJM gwertnff of KashmiFt 3ID ; hlf prt8nnt#p 313; prqmotod^ 32il; oeoKured for allowing prip.inem toeaeape, 373- (Ffir this I’tiq&d Miui^ini^bUmara, i, 180.1

J

JadrUp, Saoyael^ ^‘Wi, MO.

daganoMh, ^Japaanof Bibiri Mai, drtaftp etc., proaonted to^ Id

LNDKX.

46^

tion’in {Jodh ^Inu^tcr

f»f MoIa Ra|i% motber ol ^bltus Khtirrmcn, ihmt it JaIuii,

19,

-SlBifh, ekicBl wn of S£ii| ainjjli* iflft wf

rurm fiimt cpii tho tnuriii^ of Ilia dttughtiff to JuJmtrglr^ 144; father of Ma)i& Kingh, 299, Jagat Siogh, granebtoa of Amor, 111. .1^

JigtlabiJc. Afg1uki]i5tu]4 1114. -Jpignmn, Rftja (of Dlumclhcni, Al^bur-liAmn, trocui., ii. 3^14] ■; lli^ jAiHir given Ui Hliiiii, |4J,

gonlen at KoJinl maile by irmiiAjjgir. JIM.

JiklidLfkd£r« yDEinpir ho of Jalkangir^ ; iNlim Khan mule hit tiitorp J 4^’^ I examinni hy Jolungli’ Aiifl found to bij a bona ilevdtJje (-b liW. (Hb rikd Mttmann^. .Apijoninllv ho in tb® SultiLii

Trtliht «r tefty.}

Jckiifitglr, hi* iLweftiioa. 1 and hole; birth. ‘Jy 9 and n. I; nunnl flutt&n HalEnjp ’2 ; alwayt CftllMl by Akljar B«l4.

a.^u3uo»i tLr]e of and

N9nj-d-ilin. ^; fofldne;»t for tnmngwfl, 5 j ChU-ln of ilnatiiOD, 7 ; ett4lblihbB:m tweUe Irti^ila- tiotis^. 7 UM drinking hiibEt«p K; fotbidt mutiliLtiuFLt and j>latig|]ter of liooida on tiirth’ day. DtB,. tE: cninigeof. H>-1:!: relh&jitNt atoto priioneT?i. IU and n. Si; ddi^t child, StiljAnn o- nifi&t bland n. J ; Kbotrau. ami n. I ; hu BOn IVmia, )H + ntbar children. 19; abstains from wine nn Friihiy b%u^ ^ f oniem nrunct of IS™ to loctod^ 21; ™oht with ‘Altdu.a- ±2 : mtliTt al»yt grant* of IojkI and abant mtih, 21 j favoarn MlttA Salian^ iwn of Mina SbiihrnkliH 241 caiiw* Abul-Miul to las rnuHlu™* 24-fl J i^haikh BftVaiJd’a mother hi* nnrH for one day^ 32 S hi* !«tcra, Afi aJioliab#. fw on prrawaL^. 44 r oicasB* n^l«^ Icmn n]akiBggiftli^4Fl; attoliabel tr!i!uidtda<3flv47; nrlehrtt^ Year, 44; tohl of flight of Khii^ran. 52? purwii?* him Mrt

JilOttilng, 53 s fecoount fd IHriiKi Fami.i{l^|; odTontoge of acting ofl Id^own Jodgnmot^ lE^i ; eiftali- IL^bea frets fiolIng-hociaiffH +5; tneeU hia mother Jit; no lor weigh

Oke^U 77; htmtingH detalljf of. h3 ;

resoivcH (n taka Tranooxuna^ SW S Duxicbcii touanlN Kaimh iPU ! nmnumenL to ;

mot^h Ihimigb fSbakkar ronu’ try, yfi; oocmnlH at All ^iiujid^ and travttWiJi Khybvr, Ut2; litia mu etflphMit narvefi m Ntone. lltl; dsNcri Ik* Ktag« In Kabul, ; entefs KaIhiI city. Il.tl; vlMt* garxIniiA^ biO J tnahi^ii Jbh&n-ori gBidon. IIM : rocofdv aboUtion of cu-^lonM. Hj 7 : TimLN BAbar’r seat, Hift; rilgfnasrr^ name th-^re, KKl: known Tufkl and tuld* to KdliOTN hftnnciirp. 190.13II and iidIo ? viwte DabnrV tomb, llO; luiidt wdghinentK 111 ; visit# Kburtfain (.mxAh’

diiKan) in f’rta-Ba^h, II5£ arranged to 3rve Kabiit. llB ; large 117: viisit Bklnr’M

ibnrnici-litflefl. 121; Khtinrau’-« j>lot> 122? Boliir weightkWMl, i Bond* for name* of tloiJ. 12D E «W muther at Ihl ambe Ifarrien. near Laiiow, 131; a«k* dagnt fliinghV dnoghter in momagBp 144 E woFriea hrr, 145: an rit’s death, 144; hlftjir a-eiohmen t> 149; ™fte falh«‘‘c lofm .1 and acconht of hnilding thf-W. 152: diiitactor of wwi .1*^^0111^+ li?M E compoAW otle, 1513 i mATfios Timm Cluind Bandllah» daiightcr. 199; maolfiy to ■woiwita* 194 ; gaOW’

lag. Hi” Efinlcra about o4&uoh5p I.HJ. ItiH; hlock-irinfli? throne. 177 E abrtOtdiuiia^^iti^crapa, IflC*. lJi2! not Nhoot or eat tami. cm SartdayiiandThurwJayN, 1 dangimaali tigw bunt, litVT ? dor* not’ (Wt fijih which havo no 1?W; Mdng. :

hqnbng, i gamo-lwg. 191 t fwder to lamjidii^ton^. at1 ? relitfvea Skllf’S-’ Adi and {^4^ from corctnony tif pmwtrtttion. ■JOS E rjmhJbfIa CflrtolTi irfftH™* Of Amira. ; iJltte«. ^*1

onm|iOW a ootipJt> 2^ i o jwri’ uDutoo fowL 238; give*nWfte.i-

30

466

INDEX.

W Pir fw a

wiilk^ ^ to Ajrair,

; leinitA Pi3?ililc*x Iflktt ? cttklr^u for Ajmlr HtirLiiHH, 2M: itbuot-Lng hI Fushlwirr ‘^1 n«»t ‘Aie ? borfes bi cmt^. : Akbor dpiaeanl Mi bLm ic ft dnjfttii, S^lfl S viMMi fiftbi HlftroftU

■Jftfi t AkbftrVfoDdnera for fruit,

‘iTO ; JnAihi^H ile-

jKrintiulJ of atwrigis lurdr ! (WTubi Hanft farmiiii be*riii|f imti«a»jPQ of litfF JmgarHi SZT’I and noM?, 1^7+ ; t^fttivea SultAn KJturtoQi. ti7T T to dor-

i4ah^. 1^1?; ksbo^^W to KO to Dccctin, iW); gWes oftwe of Dftrt aJbuksJb to SultAn Khurnuii’a soti, t MlwiTaa l^bih Jfth&na offer n.|fBp aiW-ft;

hi& skill to Kmiwnr KiTiin, as* T ; viMtA Ajwir

ahrin^p anT ; light* u* Ani drioking h&bit*, 5r?S riwitH !‘tiiiiillis-d-danliilip 3t8; roby fcnd |Kflrh, 3231 ■c^unL of Abyvsinikn olDphJintt SiBS nurriotf wlico jmacrn a ilaiightrt Hif ItiTflJ Bbini+ ; dpufl ot gmndHiaoghUTp liua griof ofdflr thol

ho oftlliul KmiIh- shamlifL, ^27 ; hirtli of gmod- jviin, ShftiA^Atp MS ; I»ii^

nulLog’ raond. Mu’ina ■•■d - dln’’» Mim b^ 320: recalla 320 ;

dmonW o«ibcT»k of ptngatt, S3IJ [ Imfi m&rlilo atoEucfl ihaiIo of KjlnA and hi^^ wn^ 332; m

vciglbcd, 332; Tmsdliwr’ji ptr- iixuuMK’e^, 33J; «irtVer*atiDii about il^tb of $ofl M IrfAt ; aft^hcSdutB about ft thiefp : ridfai in an Englifc^h < M oarriugf?, 340; loftT^ AjHiir+ 340; aoiWOCt of whftt h» did tbflre, 341 : at IMmsnr^ 342 : account <4 d«i blnS^p 3431 bunlihg, 344; Xftr- datwliisbnGlJiftbircJ,348 ; Pcraion

frto lnfi^- 330; honotm I’Liui^lu- d-daulali by ijiowiikz lodJoa to anir^siL Itelcira hiniH aol; IftTge Kmnyiui’tmt : aMOunt of fcmr - honiHi ftntcl^Miv t

ft mfttrieido, JKVS; lorgo UiDdrincblreep 353; tiaila Uipkin, 330 ; krgo banyan, 3G0; rtmia«d iiAngor KjuUAI-

p41r, 3<SI ; Mger-sbootlngt 363; arrives ftt Miuid’fl p .Hi3 ; alKHit MainJo* 3(54 J gamc-kaigt JW*; maicft by ^r-

vanCft, 3f70 ; alioot* liOOp 3j 1; ajioeiitfM icatAftin of tln> gnard, ^3; Msnti«B:i4pto3bftbVAbbijtp 374 ; ohocdfl tiger, 374: tok^s^ bu turlma off alwl give* it to

iihim

tidn, 3xd; tftVcfl omoO from ITifcfU., 381; Haft Mnnrftr

ill MAndd, 381 i viaitft buildingH, 3K4 ; ittTtnts iwldi’rf dr«w, 3H4 ; give* ffioalH .l^fS; style* TkiLiw- dfty M iiMnil(-n3 lajnba* 386; ws Ed

plantain, 386; carrier-Ijigoona, :tH7; r™4vefl pomegraiiatw from Mw^i-pSOI; reraaivca^bih Joban, and boftoan him ^ 3ft3-5; opinion nbauti baojinoa (pbrntainil, 3117: rwftivBfl ^hnb Cabin’s giftftj 3»l*-40J; to Oniiiriitp 4Ul; seodlciv* gtajwrt. -KH ; hunting and giiorr suDip 4(>1; at Dhur, 40tb7t ordcre removal of iron ^umn, 467; |insM.Tib**a luko- warm “water for elopliftnts-. 410 ; dmdriboa lotus. 4l2 : liking for rthfril tub, 414; atilonibayp 416; on buEd a ^trrdfi, 417 ; atrtki;^ newcbln^fTS; Ioavo* Cambay, 41*; dOMrlbesf^ufiifitt fiab and fregetablea, 4lft; llfibw^ 4Jki; OMjpela SewroMp 43S; l™ww# booLe on I lojarat :ShaikhH^ 4311; chadtEcMp 44*1; aL i»hftil, 143, ■ToJiinEd r Qull Hcgp .Turkinaa, also

cftlTod Jin-sdfiftr KiMiilr 36H.

Jahangir Quli Khaft, oldiwt ^n of ^ Axis Koka, ge t* title of ^|iamN.tL- dniin, 144; isdot to l^ujftnit OS fathcr’a do[poty, 153 ; ijonda iewobf, 163; wmdaailter ttirooe^ 168; lironKrted, 270,28*; olfaring ofp 2^; goep to p^Hahahad!, 28*,

3ri2; pent, to Buliar> 373-

fotto t4 fosoa)* 27ib JobAngl rip5 r, buntiog-bolt 00-1- (Tho &luk}iofrtira of the map ; il ie ftlifO eallcd JoluingirabM ; {t i of Labored Jd’f-arjjiiit: | prayer iiiftrpetal, 2(13, JftjttKIr^ lomLndar uf, 380 ; jpor- hJouoiIt 3*11 coinCii tfl Courts H 13. Ji^t^ {a mftb di^iribedp IDl.

Jolill Liokkluu-, 13*. jaliiib^ mcntkutod, 125, LTd,

INDEX

467

hiA m&tlier* liBVOtlflo, U.

jKUlu-d^Uit AlW-

JaWu-d-cUli^ HakitilpT^:

dwCh And HcirOVi^t of, 1'2^ Mnkpftt, Sl>nh M iirkd’jHliiiAih At^34, Jltm, the, iiiilodrp 443. jAin&lu-El’diD Uuiuin An jfli (■qrln|a] , malJior of dictitioArt, rflWAid^dr 44i, sa; sent to w^the ^owrAn, d4 ; waitn tifl Jihiiigtri. 160-1; ■Adil Khin 170 J

rweivcd Mt Bi]»|i«rp 182; report by, 272 j ATTiT** r™ BijApir, 29a i pronsotocl, 299h 300 - dSbt’ itie or. 317 i ■A«Mdii4-

danlisJ^. 32i> ; Ilia aCHfi, 4/>L jAmil Beg jjotA ru[XfA to

dinltibtilo ainocig lb* cawfJj 4^1 (AppAreoliy tno Wailf ifanm

of p, 1 i wf tort).

Jio Jkg (or U wTim t.

molS, 20 and It, 3; bem of

flight of KJiu5rmB, 52; i57 3 d&Alli 4>f, lao. .

Jfljil, Ulrr^ account of, 2^! dfaife At BxirtvATipAr, 223, jArnc. Du., quafod, *2^ Hr ^

Q, L, o. I. .

Jay £»iugb, iWlfiof MBbiSiRghp ^ i

’ urWiflCitotl, 389.

Jay SitLgh Dcflp KaJa* 3^.

JwbluJi, iTHJttomfl At. 417- ^

Jt^og, OArvfng ofi on a iiluor^ JJkarokha (eKhibltion window^

242, 2Bfl.

/ilntpl. innaot (*), 3 WboiJ n 2 ,

Jiji Aiijf».mtilhi!T<rf ‘AiW •<*, ^’ JUiTmirlf cfwUy put to deatlip ^

JiA^^rdJU (bridlc-mflneyy.peyui#lto Of, AboliahAdp 4« Afld ^ 1 Jituwl shot by Akbai At CKitOt; Jog! and tiger, htraiiRC rtflry. fOir Jogl BOAT PlUihkATp 254.

Jugglcitt, 143.

Jnm’na River. *<";»««

Jiiini)tii(f iMinl.etitipn. W»:

.rrn,4, p mirtpke for

AddeDcU), ISS n. 3, Kt ti

K,t.lr, 8 Jj*ikh. of fuiiily. 2ft.

Knhul. Jhic|flr vieit. = '

1 Ldr

KttKStM (beoMn) luUnuWiing, 1«-

KAliOtip hillt^^URTOOf tll«JwilB,4.

KiliyMiibA^ doAcdpljoo of, 334. KaJy&S:. ™ of PiiB BdkrAmftjItp in. FAtr P4 a. mucdEidi3£t And puniahmAott 104.

KaK^np EIja, offictfi oi EcogAl, oEforlDg m, 192 ; pronrotod, 199 % gov-ernor of Otiaiia, 202; pro- nioted iMid mado BAjA, 320 i UMjAify about, 3^ ; rjronwnoiSfld inoactot.. 390,

KAlyitiir RijA, orf Idar, 427^

KAlyAo Rayp aTipflrintemlAot of jiort, CanabAy, 4l7*

KlmA, tivmt, 101.

Kamfil C^AodbArlt 67-

Kanul l^aOp s1ati&, dted, 149, luO. KatpaI. oafAtnd tbuutBflian) At - tigflr Unt, 106; fltykd SljSItar KMp. 400.

Kiu^lp Satyid, faded H>

KhiurATj; 39 : durttoguHhod hintaolf so InttUAp .

Ka^u-d-dlaVid^r‘All, PenOAo amhAARAdor, IM-

KiUnd KMdp titla of Miurr*“W soft of *AUn KoltA, 188.

Klmrin’e g«d*tt, Ulipre. |W. Kinltriye l»nk,

Ki^rera OuTUl, Wft of .1.«Miniih.

pntnatcl. 136.

K>^ S«n Rither. v««w«“. tUniWiP. wife ef JeiD«lr. ^h*T or Bihar Binft Be^inii, W ewl

Koli^iwp of ^ Ajsr lull:’

as, ais X ItT:

aro (cf. i^). ‘JJ.f

287 J gi«8 ^ ^ loArea

293; retuma, 317 j alatiM of,

KiSfotwf Beret, melons of, 270.

42L 4^-

lS^W,«^Aotof N.W:rt«n|B

hirtbR Ate mi p^

Kaukiub, ?»ii ^

vhippnd aimI upprlAffl^i ^ * Aod iA recaptured, 440 p liH^onnt ofp 440-3- ^ _

4H8

ishkx.

bow nenl to Beiig»l *«.

Jfeifci, dowcT “• ^

Kwui. iw*. w« oi

nVJi U PWporXS w I

of 1)14 (loatH o^ ,,

Khan’ ‘Atanv litlo ff mn <rf ‘AUlu-r ■lipoinled ^

i(m0b% )7l t «nil« melon!., i3J.

Barths nlir.

Khin A

KImti IVkiraH. -’■I’

kbAn Jnl>A« llW

l>lf rwJ*4™ 7

ftilEl^t K>Li«. «T ; -

jis ; titt€ or ^fcuirt .UTiiln.

l^ I ;^kill l:» I

wnmVof vm

uftj tt> lAi^n. l+ll ;

5l«l ; tftlMa tcULVP,

nial^+ ’ 1 ii

JL’AdlTil ^i^nluo flf cfliiit *■’ *: 7 Khnnjiir Khiii. lofotlMf of Iloh Kbiin Rrti! ■>“"»

miltAd. 103^. r cAi’i -rtft

KbAojru- H.li»n. ^itfc of

Kh^nkl^niin., -c*- ‘AlMlU’r RiJilni. Kltap, lw» iinil n- L

KliarttAni, Scwr» -^Y;

jniginUr of VfltniuJ,

Khifrl^jmit. tntcjialtnif ktmJidefh,

ITfl^nlM t^lp ,

Khir^lAf^U “*

Jnmcwi, +K , _. . , _^

Khab-Altftlip !WH of

KAinbn, prpmi:»t«i,

(TOttgefitk-ii of Wo&l), ^>-^iUKln.k KhanU caffliujral, 4.T3,

Kbu^r*^^^ Mim. f ^

Joh^. of. 10 ? Ifroujrlkt

u|i hj Husloyya ffcjmm, *0? riik of weigli^

moot m Urt* iJiifden. llfl;

K^nmf»u’ji pJfit, l^iS:

litrf, la-it

Iii6; nrnn-ui^ iirefwnit <4 m p?oa Hcnt- to lloilJ**? of ifa^nn^Jir Kuitain Mtrfci. wbo» ibujfh^ ^ ^‘MonK«Lg«l to Kli«lT~m, l.‘M ? na^main tiaak pl^. 1 ? hw i

^nk K,0W lol

U\mi liH; I^dpn Anap KAt wiUi. tig^f t rtPk iticTeMMl

from 10,ffll0 to 1i,0t», hJi. mifriiso irilH *

ilAUKlitm ArimnJUJti

23lt- ftenl to viBlt AkiwrH temb on BhuiTOfaerj, j2«: ««t tho Blnft. ‘-ifl, -;*f 3vu. 2Wb ■»’• 4

•*’tw ■ W 4 iltJS Oil iJl-ILflillglri *“I * ■

biTli.trf wndlirii j.ii)*^:

rara why, 2So; |irointit«l to SiiMl mnk with I’orwr*. iSS :K hU wtighBiEnt. StWl taMc no,

;iUrt i iiicwass ‘

|„,i, for IWn, 3.^‘f’ P-IM lillD of tihih S«ll^

33S ! enlefs Burhnnjinr, .

jATen o A” : Hrth jyf

dBiIgbter I R4"hflnr41, SitU - his reocptlw. Afa-. iliLfw^ii TBiik, sort N’ld^r’i ^hy, ttc.. to JnWnfffr. »H5t i 1’“ tiienl, 4iJl ; ItfeAenK. hint,

Khui-niEH, son of ‘Ael* V^!l ’-v?” nintixl from 2,t"** ”,*^’’ 1 ^!/

nupoin tecl ij«iri5nl<tr of S<ot1 h W

Kimtil lvl*n. <**t>

Kharb.kh«l*P Kb4n. Utlo (fivoO O

!5lim1 p (H. ■■

Khu-firuu, fciultan, eW^ of

JiilfcartHlr+k^f cn^. lilthof r«(jni!ifip

12 ; liis 51 :

in&tlktsr> ^u irfilOr 3S ? .‘w: ^ V

flUonHsntd rtl 4 »ltBi:ks

ljiltDn.s tld ; ti4; wit*"

torwl, tW, «J ! hwnsfht lf^ .lubiniftr. UK, 71, W- ^h»lns Eflovedj, lilt hi jilfA* 1 LUI; Ui>h (lAtiglii^r hy

.Tibongir, 149! “

him Ijy ilftUjf hier of Adj ^

■nil cillert Gy Jiihingir BnUirf- akhtsrjaS’, ijerwiiot-rf hy ciiio (Jutbi,lT3t not* about hlipaixig,

17 /II. 1 . : olk™^ to

hi. avi ! rorbMileii tn

ila sw, 201 : lu“ ilttii^htar of Muiilm, i dVim* to A<pit KhiP.. .‘Cfll.

Khu.Nnia Bepr. sU’tiS nf " t^Ai^u - r ■ lUhltnl. onmo frotn PkIok mvX wailc^i on Jiliingir,

KlUjWllu BS ritg, wiiwd Oil JubAngfr ftnrf receivoil areafl

INDES;.

469

mppointfld Ld aurtur of ilewar uinl iJfismoted^

KlkW^i&n MuTinmmad Hujwjii, tfws

” W^hcT lif MahnlpHtLiid

S*it Mull unmiixl

KhvAjft^ Mini g«fD«-EgaflfisniW of AhittiulikB^r^ Iftl ; j^l Dondiict, ; hu ^opt«J MO

eafi.

J^hwnjH JiiMn, titi# nrf Dtisb MulLftjnniAd. 40, 53, 57 ; m*itM offering. 107 ^ ordorod tfiiiiiJwS a hnaiH, 191; ; preaiawtiJrfi, Si",

->19,2S0,3SiJk waiLfftill^iiiAn^t, ’235 1 sent to mAl(« iisquirpe*, 331- p ills iiit-loii-lkCd, S414 rtipe£i» ifkveii him for jitrtri- butioii, 341*: (kfftnng’i 31 i.

Khvija 5.1 ir. #00 SullAn KhwtjB.

380i.

KhwiijB rtr Kbwii*,"

mammy of, 117-

Khwiij^ Vtldgir, brotberf of ‘Alwu-

” Uckh Khfin. iwiLvofi tillfr of Saftipj- l^iw, 337 S prOtaOtod.

239. , „

Kifi.vit Kbin. Utloof Mi™

37ti ; prOfflotKl* 430.

Ki»Uii Oiimd. of Mot* Rij** Enjule ofliear of J,nt)0+ I’-Si. KL>b*n Chiod, »0ii! of thu of Nii^fiM-ltotp ihmOo a

^1’ . ..1

Ki.iihjkn lias, aocokintiUit oi «4*ol^ ‘reccivejl ih 0 mnk srf IptWr

KIMiort Sin^b, ilkd good HrtWK

and waa WrtUTMk^i in Rgiit Htini, ISI ; |irOlrtotc4,; death of* . *

KUhtnMJ, kfod of gnm. 5 n. l. Kbibwar Khftn, silk of

governor of fbibtaM, JW : R™- «nt«l twimty two elofkhiPit^ ittS ? riionjflcd OT’I f.ujd4W of Ifi. P

Sr* bIm UiiAiito sJYicJ!; Kelt TIrtB. « kttt f«™

Kflth ftiliir. twoiUujtbl«!rt oi rtw ifjItQkistLiLr wbo bJMl ikoetk bv l«.Mm KJion. lojrolhpr With BTOO Mil

(.irodo-octl befcFT* JaKaogir* 3*3 y zjunindnr ofi 443, 444.

Kusman, Raja of,

1

liA^tn Qiqi^ 434.

L*dhmi Kariyan of KO^‘b BiMf. *43, 444.

lAhora. ET»p« ttbandaHt aU 3; rwswe rmm, *247^

Lakhml Cbftikd, Raj* of KilWVia, b™gbL to Conn* 31H,

Lai Kf^vant dtod* and a oonCn- bipfi poiwntii her»tf+

TJda Beg, ncvled Bit Babidur* SI, 47. Bahidiiir.

Lanba Bandit, oovoy of *Adil Kliin, KiS …

La^ltar Khfln, 363- Srf^. Mu^taipd Khan.

Leyden, J.i cinotod, 5 ncio. *ICl

Lotn-s flowers. 433-

Lunar weigbihg. ^39, rtfc

Mid*&, bUckradtb, of ^Undi, 3»4. ’didbo Binttb. brotbar^t *o« of Min Singh. piVieRtDd with flag, 17 * miftcoodktet,

5^aglu* Imnagbt by HiJiang.

Aoronnt of* 236^

Miihi SingK mlMaon of Slfigb* eon Ql Jg»t auagk pro- mo^ to i-WW, n!

to BnawK m «1 Rw !**• nuil« tutet- III ! »B 0 t to Bongvli. 118;

1W i Jw#t to ‘.’“‘I BikeW^St ni BiikilhO. 1T«! «toM d .Dcceetl Mfld Sidgh, «

promatol, ami (n’Mm Jl*rt^

fcSuf* in tef,

rcMivo. till, of R *Jd.

318; pramc^. 3^ ; «Buii Trait npon Janingir, S45 : dir# of ilrink, 37T. MabAban t^iwaii Jtwkgnod ** Mabmliai;. fl^

MaIibUi. title of

tif tibdyflr Beg df^KBbdJ. mowl/s!* MKl ti- 3» dfl^^tod 10 pusue KbdWdtt, t

77 • pmiriitMl to

iMo’lw™.. 14*:

flf hemonr, ete, I47: , “dt

IIU; l»y» h“ iwwee^ ‘***

470

ISDES.

241 j pnpattB hlting;pl^ at gamOiaARiU’, IS+S * ™47j^ ^

asa ; IfTwcM^ pfFenFig4_ i retxit’<^ chiin^ ^ AhifUMl

rnkuditi offcrti^F Smt

;S«n m.

LreatinUt. :£&> S f*y ^ ^

iiupoi^t4^ Kd^l* ^

}klAl>iiiiildir Sultan cif<jlufc*n»j 11 ^ ™

Mah^l KaicinCttr. a^nl, KuwA- ^n’a reftp^ct forT and 1401a. ]S[ Jitftb gaitUn at Kabdlp I0(k 3I»Vt0b feliAnp librarwii* verie by^ I’J-

Nfftilk ‘Am^dlfi defeats ‘Alidn-ll^p ■ttompt to

5=S; defeat W, 312, 3<Hj, 373, Meiwa, eccoaiil of, 34H. ilin, BAsi, reteueif, »*1 ’• loji tltF

of. 3!*, 33(11 killed. WL ^

^lAii Biiutll. son (originmly nciihewj of Biuigwtn Die, 10 : Ttmtciiml

‘□TIjoIiI^ 1’’^^ bd lTilJiWUe CCHI^hrilHStl lit goii*^miuopt of Bco 53 j irtot ft drra of Iwinonr^ 7i’>; built Iwuflo ftt UftM-Ti Abilil, Mf j waite on JAbAoKlt ftfttr iK^nff fwnt Tor «lx or mv* n tiini7!4, 13i ; obamtoJ^f ;

I - 1

nnWOlH 100 Elcfibuit-i, m pm»Dtod with a. 142”,

ftendsi Wity ukphwiti^, H-S^ ffclfl leave 0» appointment to bccCftne 14^; sffwil jinHwttted tOp l"W; «nmiiifOrtfitl to Courts 1508; doftthi aed,

MAii Slnwli \Mr\m ftt bfttOe ftt Ahmiidibad. 43e Mftn &ingk 437 ft,

Mftnd4 ftcOdfflfit i5f^3t>4-4 ^ *

gtoffm it, 3ft3.

MiiugU or Alftakftll lUfcin, TWitcA horao and dej^r* U7 j p(ri> mintod^ 282p 2B4

MnngoH rmived fftns SfliTiT44t. Kli

Mftjioliftr Soklfciiwftt Kachbwfchfta Roa of Ftftjft LooSce™, Pterainn Achotu ftiid pML, 17 ; promoted, ll2, l£ll; dofttbof, 321. klan^ilir nephiiw Waiinl-l-

fttult iJAn Brif]p 13*5- Maoaoci, qnotedp 23fl n. I, ett (wild ^tb 113. ^

j^larvam Makioi li’lamtdtt Binfl), AkboTV i mvthori giVia ebarge ol

^iliziidft l^iEHUnp 34 ; pn^nta l^uby to Akbar-p 409. ^

Mi>ryiim-3Mmi.ni1, Jabiingir i« motoEr, Jttt,4n|Ar !»>■» W* reap«t^ to her Bt^r. ya; toUr iwigWnK take# plat^ io bof hooaei ^;zaO, and ™magt% ftU ^

ftnd JiMngir^ martiegnp 145 ; swnt to Agrft, 401. , „ , ,

Jiftkim

MaaMldp son of Sft’d.t couptut, 4 ftnd n, ±

\fi -fld Beg Haniftflnb prtmn*™^

Mft Fflm, Wakil of tbEKbankbanaftp liriogfl MS,. 168.

Mathuta. 54. .

!!!r.‘S3-<SSS"S;w^“

l^i&n, 3T0. i_ n

Maloiuip 5 S 006 frotn near

weight 33 PM3I^, liW ; of KaHx.,

^klibtar lyldiOp nocount of, im, ibaEh of+ 153, T3* 1 „

Mibtar Sit^fitlftt, nonsr of rlrftniu

Kliiirt. *W. Sw Pljilirau.

Mir” All. calUgwpbor, I^a«d nn^. Mir Atl pon of FarklaTi. dcatti, SJiO^

Allf son el Khdilu .Ikli, *4 i

nruqxiotod. 371 ; (rift# '

JJIr Miron, son of SuUV’

belnneitii; to Pwean BniiT, ftfMcnl* toby. 230, ^

Miriil*, •’■€ a»dr JohAn.

Minn, Saryid. hie mOftiunWiii to blftfoU^er.m , ..

MltoA, Sol (in, son of ^.babrukh, chanoler. l!!0 s <*>** l>eeto«. iSH- ^ ,. 3 Jiiyait Tiuu ftpouch of ‘bird, i^’.

Mohan pie, non of Raijii Btkrmniijlt,

1A3. ,

Monkey, ettonijc. -I®! story o oibrtion of A gont lot monkey,-Mfi,

Mosque of Ahmodnlj^, . i

Mu‘0itI!eI> Klmn, title of Molln l- TMiiyyi SbQstort. l-W,

Mu’sjsam, «e Biypald.

Mul Arek ‘Atali. pOSOBiBOr of ^ m Khneiftton, Bto., ISU onil ntrte, and 1112 add note, ,

Mnbink Ijhiin Sailersl (wnmoted, :»0; gifts to.

31abarik Boldlfcrf, htl tomb. W"-

IKDES.

471

Mulmrim Khfin, tiU* oi

1 luKain, 2061 prewoW, 30**,^. Jtlnl^iuunijvi Ainifti 135y

\ 1 - 1) 1 Bw, Htjicd

Khio, He ift menticiicil

D-iw-itr tliis Utls by i?ir T* Muhfttemjwi Beg. ,

Mul^MUmiul WOeSe of

.tAhiin^r, hw mnit, and n. ‘2 s pLintetl an aliricnC-tree^ llA- MubAinlPui lluMin, iSifcwll^ uncle of lilt^im S3^n. Piupertti- tendenL of kitcbnn, »nt to Kashmir to ot for hiA Mph*> 101) E returns, )M=r»^

aiHKarance and dHtth of* iia* Muhiumnwl UuaaiO Che^lct^ Mnt to ffLuk fr purchafwa in PtfffUH

^lilinunmiMi lEusain Minti, rebel* 40; nut to dcsath, 44. MnWmad nf

king of FeraiSp 3^4 ; dea^v. 31^- M uhamnukd Rii* Satiwirt

tio.OtXl rupees fet du*tnbotEoo+

Muliftinmad cmljerDr, nuti/

iditutoo Chain of JnfttM*, 1

Mnblimiul TmI* diwan,

bring Kba« » faniilj trom

Mohr. ByHliim

weight dvon Vnd^ ainl»P-«HnK»r of J^or»ia. oaltoii jta>tho^p^d/T% .

Ma^uunl-Uin /Sc ’

7n ; M-hnWrrof p;ndmS»nf*bk,UM|ilj^^

K»har. and V^i

Kahol, I^t7 J came fKMil Kabul

with hh* iwna,

MuluntuD lihAd. «3jj rf

oWenitg, 3fcOt

4!^

Mokbb^ Kli^Hp ^ De«?^i

I Jtl; Tiuniptlted, 3S2.

MukhlEv Khan, iiw^wtc-ia,

MuUktir diwmn of

[>i,M3ember-Janiiary* JTTK

flower, Al 3f vialyri. bitumen,

Munild KhJn, his bou», 12- Jtflufa KMn, itOM of Mihlar Kban, prasentA jug of jadr, 14^; jwo- motod^

Mu^nrrah KhEn, title of i^alliJii Urntmn, ion of ^baihli or

ftCeoont ef» 27 ; onn^ iMniyAf’s chSldnn ft™ Ewr- booliur^ ‘^y T-S; wiffls EmjWfOT tfti^ieaLry, 1+4 j seoda piclure trf Timi5r, lG3-4 and note ; bntm CorkiinUiw from Cambay and Surat, 107 : a Wblow c«ii|i^inA u^nat, m-, bringa turktyT eicL, fr™ Gna, 2I&; wnmor of Delhi, t bksedB .lidwog^T, :2aif; geta ataiabud ancl clmma, i catimDted, 231 e praMidS of. 2341 New Yoar’i offering.

; Mnt I* inquire into at Suiat, 255; arrive* from Guiarat^, 2&Ti riroiiiOEed, .103 J jittstuta Ahyssukum elel+mnt, 323| made Rorarflrfirof Gujarat* S3) ■ IWJM& mangoaa. ™; ptreoents IPeatl, 415 ; 4i!443L-; Eifl rweaenbat 43A, _

ilDi(fni, I’y

Kh4n, eoofiitftwl W .tip®™’ nient, 13 i TTiwic ~-Hll«!r. 901 diwM or 99; •lun^.

13&E pnscntii aiity elcplianta,

Mu^P ytlraLwonof iJir^Hujrtomp

rtjifid Utittt

lHuiUl Sb6l*.<.s«nd““

nicrcoonHpr AiJfcilrf, birth w Meoantof.W J rtyM5b4hi*^ niiui^raT »ft«- ilooth. m,

iliotodrinkitigofSori*****”’!*^’

Mur^ KJiio

feoper, »e«f» Utk «f

Woniirii KPn. , ,_

lluplafi Bpg. PinliM^lw ^

^fndi, 283, iJHt grV* “i"’

JahSn’i muhr. m i »>£«« 1“’’-

MiL^i libiii. »»" S

^yar’u’d‘din ‘QaiwlOii, wAire

Md^IA Khfto, BMtlror ot

IqbilrttEmap 117 no** i promotea,

^th *U|f»*n. 913; hwl b«*n

473

iNDi:x.

dSwim of BengftJ. brtuptit ‘U^nain’:* foftni. otn’^t Court, £ 31 N ; jtttidTiw?d offprtMET w iwenly ’ tivo €ilef>b»liU, ‘2 ^:

Witfc-Ait aai i f^oyii ho™

in Airnt^ hi* mli^urtiiiaisi^ i 3 S;

™it u WUM^t to

liJT ; dufwtii AhihUi Ar^jrban,

2H3-I; rMWiTMltilltiaf Wihftr

KMn, *315 s oHtenng; :

nrotni34jMi,^l3; .t7Tl made diiiTUl of UHoan^ WM; to din-

irihalo afliw^ 45(2, MuiUkirar,‘S’utla-nOfOiijMat’F ftlloj^OTl oortofSidtAn W-Jirafld^ortgiiudly Kanna, ckumh di^tinHmiicv in Gujiuat, 42t+-3L

Ilakloi, Mi Ilaltlm

Mui^aAkr.’

Mtisai^ Tat^n, ihW of Mirta Biql TarkMn* Wonml to the Tarldikn family of Bcmdv, wait* Upoa J uJiArt giri 4^ and a^ 2^

H

NAd ‘AU Ma-idJnl. m i promoted. 3D5, 31 jj offitrinp, <tiic etitry bare aboidd be rfibu* marten Mkiiks^; death, 34z». Naf^na gardan, AioiuidaWI, 43.7^ Najllm □ nim or Fakhru n-ntiia. Filter of Muhammad Ijnklm and aODt of Jalbiinfttrr diuatli of, 144-

Xakodar, I3os 13W and m I, Kaadamih. led deer of* I^S*. la., sviii* 340.

N*n43a or NabAT otyhsd Mu^^idriif

Kbin, 4'29.

Naqlh Kbao. of QacWin, mb of ^AIkIu- f-lolii. ttriffinoJ aama f5hivAii-d-dfo, floatn of,^liiJ4 : huricd ti«^^ hi wife,

Kan’td* iputfaniib m OujaraL 413 . Ki^Iru ^ fi ■ (Un. KHalff* hwiklLugn made hv. 334 ? onl boha^‘iDur, 3fir>-7.

^rfutnt -IImJi, gif on rank of 71X1 with 4IJI>1h0r^. 153.

Nathd MAl. Rija of Manjlmh., 73 and a. 4 : jiHmolod^

A’oumaF, muf^itAi oomiaHitionii of ^Adil Khan, m and m L N^aiu^ufar, tort on tike Kanui. {1>2- NawixiAb K^dn+title uf SaMu-Uoli, Km ^ fbld Klk&n, 137 I pro¬ moted. 237,444; leave to de^rt, *ifl7. 443.

Sasar-Uvlt broOfllit Akbaf mm of HHoakvAn’il death* SS t* jivl «boDli[( bo ‘clifllll.

Na^rt of NkYaiptiri poot, ISS iRku. ii^ ^17*^3.

Sfow Vear FoaittM, AS, 138, ,

lOl, 235, 2Sli, SHfs. an. 370.

Kown-writerii* 247.

NlUh, rtver tludUfiK lOl.

Nllitaw, Jahanglr^fl miolty in cWi- tfuaccion witli hunt f^H z

inddclil atmut tdiootingime,

Ni^miiiiu41ab, marned to ikakli Bcgoiu* EiBter of Talitiiwfl[^ 151* ]lumayan’H. librtOrtanp21.

Kiikm, Kba-hjo. bring* jiOfne- cmnato^, 3td .

Nifiuiii. of Shinwt, suiry^^belter, roceivn 3,WXI rnpwto.

Vi -gATPi TtkAOeivirari, dwmuBMHf to McOoa, tXl.

Nb^mU’d’dln^ hlrtorian, 420.

Kijpaiiiud-dln Auliyi* o^nt, 16S*.

NijiAmu. - d - din IvJ^n, 311 i;. pm- moteli, 3aj.

Nflr-bakht elephant, ^Wjh 410, 418.

Nar tlaji name of elephant and it* deaariptionT 47-

^^OT^aho-ti. 15)2 note ; name first mrnikned in Tirtuk, 2WI; loak w |»fiHi!nL-f to Kanua, 27^; name chaaitod from NOf-mahMl t* Nrt r .Tahtn, 31 il; RAtiLwhelong* to, 342 1 ahijctt* a bird, ; FhwLf funr tiguni, 373; given lurgmuib of 380?

n 385; onteTtaimi 3bwi

Jalian, 3&T; iweivffi pcttont^ from ^ah dabin, 4Ul.

Nar^nkma, jKwm, 222.

NQrud^-din, ju»n of Cfbiyi^-d^lin *Ali A^ liban iXo, US, pfot^ with HhimniiU an^l V put to death. l’^-.t

XUru-tl’dln Jaliangir title

aiiauin«h 5%

NarU’dH’Iln Mn^miHAd, Nociih- baruti, faliior of Sidima ftnltan

0

Qraagam 423.

Ordeiv aboot fiefs* 23 ^ ahont oCrtO- penmtkm to peasantafor damage io cropop 1133,1S2; abouti Amlrsp

IIOIEX.

473

P^. am or

rid®. T>«V

lSK.:‘4i’^-aSv

tor m&rao, ^-. ^

3sa, m-7; plwiL.wi’’

n™, Major, qnfUri. IS □. - . ‘S*

P^^lSw. lAk® /“d tj^P**^ ^ '

JeMngir TTidtA, W. _

POD on k™*” **> '

^Es:«ru«&

ut, I^a ia De™Mi. i-*

Arfrl e;;«®

otTurirng of, 3ia „

A!t j AiM’Blfl’J*“ r * A

wtin* Simr,

■tatf W. ,.?f-

toUnjnrtt. ™’

■. juair, 1431 rf*=»4h. an Pnar^lW-V^- P^l, B«li«K

l-fcm Bphttflan »».

, „:ia »t

Qatokh, town in

SSiS-ftS’S;….

g

fWliisj? ‘Ti^SSin lUiniatw), 17. gt^i, AndroflWJ-^*

gsi". uw i

lK 1®! >’^t uJIuhnl.

te;,!A,’~.i M ga* S5^n»i».*i’—

iri’ I-

jritli llrtin&ydB. 145»-St>,

474

INDEX.

yutb ■ AtuDp father<fl StjAh “Alaim

■*-iU

Diitbu d-dln E^n Kt4(a. ffivon dafmr wQTili B.«X> rupee*. 77 %

pn^fiiatcd and ^

J^ngnb 7fl J mfdher diHt, p-fl S XkUed by ^ibl^-a^gtkn at Sftnlwimp 1 ^ ^llHiud-dtn Mubammad, maK4rof

K^briya tjink. -tiS}. Quiba-fl^tln MiiUaEiiTiHKl Kbim killed at BmwiAH 431, Quihu^t-mulk* kini? -fff GolwiwK ‘^33.

Hacin^, bsarec^ at KaKral, 1IG.

/af# int tflowor)* fl ami Ti, ‘i Ragba Tlfta KacKhwASia kslled flt Ahniadahad liatiLcp 43.

Kakmjoi di^i, yaun^r wn ot K>hhi- klujianp givED dUltabla man^abp

Railinga in the jnibUc audiirntTe Kali, cftwitructioii of, Haj fiui hMifLHL R4 ^iI of, 43^r ttAjQ, Sikh, put to djoalh, 73;.

JidJtJki (Imnletb costwnk of wearing, ^44..

fUm CTwvd, Bal^dilah, eAptuMi of, ^ j relcafwd, »7 5 Jabflngtr mairiHi hw daiiiHh!ter+ HKfc.

Hkm Dp 4 Kachhwalia,. prOffieted to rank of 3,0011, 2U -^; to recoi%^ ftef, at tiger-hunt

Hcnt to aocojnpftny ‘AbtiudUh Kbfln, 301-2 : giv=n Radtlmn

har, 2tri; adrico unhe«i«l, sail: §ent to iMl|iujt diapntew beCwern QiHJ arnl Amin, given horiK, roh^t awl 3ll,0UU mtwefl for 233.; retairtfid

death ofp 2-73; nuple Raja, 379: protno^* 4lli RAmAr in AJinir. 342.

RinA Amar Singh, 240. ^eo Atnttf Eingk

kietd of goat < ibexMe^ril^^”^ of* m, 122

KmikattA, vjllagip, 139 and II 1.

tUqhid lihin. 402.

fUtan, «Mi erf Bhoj-birap vaitri tm

J^iAngir attd pri-fie>ota vidtiahle elephaotA, givin title of iSairbu- knd Ray, 14(1

RaunlunU or T^rikus 213 and -Ou 1. kawwl Bkl UiiTbari, given diige. 17.

R«Wiiil Sanuirsl, of BAn-raALa, 379.

KAa-Bl|imdL 99; hnntifigatp 129. Riy Bhftlf, killed in Uujariit,JKk KAy HAn. eaptain cf Khidmatiya, 414.

flAy Ray Bingh, non uF Riy Kidy^ft Mfll, of BikJmirp biw chargo of MfnA MnhiLmniBii lltLHain, 44^; preraiOMuF to 40 : hi-f*

Fcbcilianp 711. 94; hiimiwocmrittCt in tpattcr of K^UW^Uh 1311-1 ; oomca toGflriirt aiwl U jjaidonod* 131 and n. I; dealh, 2l7: wished to make Sflxai Riugh hi-i heir, 3ili ; hi* folly. 439. _

Etcenlationa (eiarfflrv^- ■«iiiin/l, t - 10+ 295.

Rekoiw of prisoners, 10 and n. 2

ifigd^^klod of irritingh Uanud H- 3. Rwlgers, €7. d., quoted, 12 n. h FkfhtAa, fort in T^jah, 911 and a. 2.

Rubv, hiatoTic+ 44111.

ROfbir. ftnift oF KumAOP, 21S. Baku.UahpSnOi d«au»9l, Buknn-d-din+ Afghan ^pugh- ptvhMl Shir l^n, itroinuted, if; given l^b*war,lU2: given tiujrwl. in I-ankeh. 111 j Winta oat .F nbAl^ at Ilhaka in Khaibar+ 127 idkra nf drink, 134-5.

EOp Kbaa AM. fanwler of nreJWnted offering, H>fl; j^lA title of KhawJl^ KliAu and nuuie fiinjdflf ol tjanujv 324^ ROpljAe, ttear Agrt. hunting at. Ittd: nuinerous nntBlojw* at*

190; jifterwarda nlled AntfinA- Ud, 247,273, _ ^

RiMiavya EnltAn Begam, daughter

of Hindiland firtt wrfeofAkhax,

given a gatrlee^ 4S : t>ringe np Ihiihdahan, 4ft : vbdu father‘% tomb at Kabml, 119.

Rarfianari Begam, birth of, flftS-

(tusLam, Jrf(r*£ sonof MlimHultin

llueain, dr™of bemour sent to,

rfl ; waita on Jahittglr, ^;

Ifiven gO’i.’eitimcnt oF Scinde,

Bent Fiy Akbar to tlKcanp 2112: sent Ly .IftbAnglr lo Scindet ^ aTvd n. I; mH- ePoduet, 24H- ; pordofledp 295 I iaevidnnt to, 403.

Rniftain Khan^ florvattt of Sojjb JahAn, 496: giTen ganlen, 427 1 (rfomotiMb 435. RuMam-KjiiiibAfl, 426.

ISPKX,

475

• afiAPt <rf Bohw, becdniii# MalkAxuuiiviluit

Kikzbitwn SbiriiJ. ^lullS, given

naiiiHsv ti> H-Ciniii^rsarj

Of S*ltrn. m.

Mfthi

(jujamt, 4L

Sa’du-Ueh Kl*4n. ^ ^ pramcrt^d, 73 : »"«“ .55^

Rst rtyted Naviei^K^. IW* Sdiliq KM”, promiited^ 3«le JiW, Bj’ 2 t byilt mdiiiwi«ry, 4‘2i«.

Sadr .liihftiii. MTrin. wodtw*

ID: fffcmftted ta 4,I1W.V Y’

liBtnbutifm. 4^3:

4D ; prtttaolc^l ^ JS^.OOOh IW; K-aiUi (ffL ^

aftfditF iOLuni MBija oii JwiAegtrT Id* : |ia?OMafft#Tl+ UiT i conws* fn:mi 3UIJ>

Kpdhmir. ™‘

ciiltivaitkjfi fli. 113

Unji,tTi±. 42ft.

j w

!^ Mirtn. (Km of Sbib ‘

IwaHer of.

killiti^ hicn* 33s.

‘ iD<»iiLW «. Is4-

lytVftrtl, titiB D* Timftr, 5.

i5*id Kfiiii. t»ffii»r ”

Raahmir. acil i^if^rtnnely

ffinflrpefl Lftbyr^-

and Rliin Peajal., IS: directeif t« f

Bariim son of

wwumK ftJ 137.

modo faaJdJir of Hi(^. 1^*

liwlh fitwn rhflltff** ,

adf KUn KokaH**h, ^

Zaia tyi*« I’"’’-

Sal^l l^on, till* of lildin dahin

c-th rtn-Hah. Aimli. ISS ond ^ rtJilniieccan. I(K: |i«-nwUd.

•285, 207 i iitjW Sbi‘^ K)^“. 330. 3fflT,

coinM with Ptniyfll P BbiilKAOtB. 46. (In SS^Ptompd Uiiii’p pr^fMWt ^

is4l«l R*>SliRlbAtuin.)

SaJih^ ttdfiptid son of

^kwT. sityW KlwusiM-

-m.

SiilTm. fill’rt-

Aklwr tluirt «poafl, ’X Salim I^Mn, stm of ^Ir Kliin,

SalitM SulLln Bmm. (Uyghtcr SflrQ’d-dlB Muhammail ^ VM r^lh Bcgiim. *™«nt rf.

aiul d«tb. ’2aa mod n. 2 K g»ve Ujune of

of tows,‘271.

fcut ici tbB J™n*H 137. ftmad ireo. 7.

Snctt. llAnfte dt!f«it«l ty 0«lr.

vtllJiK’^. ItfAuiy oL and to KKmdpDr,

3d I

SaagtAm, bill BoK liitl»T“ia Slin, 3dlr

Banginm, T»mo af

ganipr^iti, ^amiwluxof Buharp k4Jlnfo

SUnu lhinUl, atwmilof.M.

garbqlaud Haj ptomAed, a*!!.

gard&r K>ulli. av Vailgir ^’aoj*’ Khin. gnw«i*» f

ebotild be SekT-afnaal. 413,

Sa^bbejt j j lo

lAnfl. conn™! of. fefeit™ I**- -

S^Vvl VfubiraJiiail. deawndaut “f

■gbih’dbun. ,

SayyidH of Birh*. beonng of, W-

Seksdli™ tJnnl.+*?- , v^ta

Jtoa of Anl Koka,

iiuifift KlAn, aiS, ^ L j I

SbAh ‘Alaw. ■

IJardahor, jm^wl ^

S’ TTporta iBtendwl l’«i*i^

attack Srt fort. Wt Of.

71; dcfrtnl’ fort and mail* ‘t 01^ t<> iSai^

W dbnr, 1) I and n. 3 i “^rS* (njroillne«.iail ‘2to’

rts’kd KlJft daurtB. liS J ,on«- iSg of, JJU. ‘^7-3 f M-igittally

476

IN’DES.

^nt to ^ttdjduLT

2t I j Eimnn^ feiwl to Skiicl, a*^T. gji’iVi B^nm. tjiifl giTOQ to K-.hwft- rBKft wfftlfcfirTK dm^ght^rr oi BhfigwAn lUfi, tok’i^ ^uljAD, Sd. KjuMt, 3ifci

.Tahiitq, ^ KhamuD, SEtltin. «IbI, 4-lr

KIk&TVp lOTn E^j-

Sjiflji Quil Khftft Malinim, hu^ HcitnO. 31>t hw gunlc-np 454- Sbttb birth Of, : ttt

wjuf bewTi Pti Ihis flVfl of Sunday,,

thn I2tb Tir ;= dunel^^th, Mt, Shubalixid ifl HAjpntoim, juwi not**

d^&hr-Am ganlvEP at Kairtil* 109-0,

111. m.

auzlL 4 ^ Babar, ttmk^r of ^l^hrxiTi W*-

!^h-m’lili. Mllrip at Hiwlathfthnn, Hti id IbrllilHSt gnuid^fiD (if Snluiinkn, BiXQunt df. ;

givfin fPTOVinetf of 9ZiiJwji^ 27 i dntb. 119 i aeewint ol fanulv^

I ID ; biM Mfvcci childxfln IfrCiagnl tcKpoait, 137.

S^bibryAr, i¥Vi H?t JiliAiigtrt 30 mini I ; oomcfi^ fmm (lujoimlp Hl^hx&fla Kkanam. daughtor of Akbor, btim ibm? mmdh-M aft*r Jafiin^rp ntarioovir to jkLiurvtuzi Mok^T. :w.

HMhi tllJo nf Knblt Chi.4i «,-^1 in tmtdoaJt dabiid. +4; jirdinatc^L, 113 ► and wiDt to

I atWDEint EfI IjAttJe ofpuTk’ft Afghaa, Ml-H; r^- caiTM title rtf BmstaJH/iaittAftp 311; d»th of,

1$b^k|k^At iP:u^p titlrtof SaUjua>l!ah. AimbfirA^A promotndH

■1^.

^hajA’at Kiuin IbikhAiiit lib 170. ^bakani • n ifdmjgbtor of Akt4>r.» rharaiTtor of, 3S,

a kind ol 13D-

Bf^nui Kh£n fiakklur, 1^

^bcLiRi^u-d-dl □, atm of ‘^Auk Knka. nUfede Jahangir i^ll KbAti, whpi?h Wd.

Sheuiviv^l-dlh Kliwtfl. nffleor of AkbftT. IMl, JO?.

SllcfnkiiJ^,^ BAni^ wm nf Udoi Siagh. cofkjdn of thfi Bdni, pro-

^f]ri

bKitod. 113 ; gi^Vjn 12,000 and 30,ilfll rrif^iOOm 4tf, 58; bill notv i-iroznatod, 17S; tom jtlfldi»lrcy A-M: tottk, aof*.

]ri5r, Wft of Rhitn^iigi Khwfijii. 31b ? |}wlini|in ft ne|tbow of Oluykn, bijtilft’ifiir. i, ItW, calls him son td rtimidn-d-datjbu and it may be EmOthiU’ nnmfi far l’tk|kd-

Sbarnlu’d-clln RiAhg^itpprtMiioled, 5723 (sent to Bangiidh, 408.

J^n n| [‘tini^u-il^limU. idrttM with Khu.Hmii, 122; |mt to

d<ftiitb, 12^

Sbutf Amulr, accouiit aU *7-0 :

reewv^ TujsfCK, 01: &JlO!f

ni|.4oSi 01 1 and 13,10^ rll^fOO^i.

?Ul,

Kbin, Amlru . I’ amarii, hoa of bAiidn*? Sftmaii, oouptst bjp 11 r ftCoouaE af, I4 and nr 3, 1 .^ 1 ; jwol entmifttd to, I8; nrfflnrk of, lia tt ; ompkiyrsd to quctl rint*2fl; ditoctoil to pmreui-’ i^rtston, 53; reoall^i 03; left ill at l^ure. ^3 ; at Altock, IIM ; getif ^nw, : reoavom. 121; Waits oh JaJfcaiigtr at Chandklali. I3U ? nent to Deecuin. Ikifl; Yorm by, death in

IJocean,^!.

3^un1p mamlrtlin-pWifr, S3L

i^bibfl^U-d-iUn AbnuyJ Kb9n,officer rtf Akliar, 43(^L

^hlJ* ruler of BengnU 307,

i^lr^afgan, title given by dalianglr to ’ AIT Qilll Ihtdjto, husiamd of Ndr -Jnh^ip 113; iu;e?cM.tvh of him and of bis kilJicig tbiLho-d- dTrt, 113-15.

^nkrudliih^ Mulldt ^bab Jahim^s dlwan, 274. Afpil f^han.

Sht-ftm Raca, riot by, 29^.

Shynra Singh rCottStt of UntriW 140-1; |Xrttnol^. 233p 281.

Sikniidar Mu In, ordered to build fort at Ja^iungtrpnr {^jbai^il- pOruh HJ I bdpa Jahanilir to Nhoot nilgaw, 200 ; burM rtt Rnnfi .0hiuikar’H Lank, liaviug ditid at UilaipLir^ 2G0.

Siknndar MyflJihT. authtir, 427. Sikandra. budding of. J 52.

Siyjir ftj-muta’akhkbirln, quoted ^ 7 note.

Botar weighments, 243.

Sputer, luge, 114 ,

3SDES

4T7

Squirrclk fljHtVp,

Stiltner, ItinJ’ljk. M ILdni ami MOn, CT^GtMi at Aprs, 33 -Jl 8 i 4 ki|| KikTan, mnlcnwl Uttcb ^ KAal AiDEir, ‘271!^

Subliin Qullp Turk. -liU Hudra 0 ^ Hiitdu canto*

Suf/ra oet, WiH.

^ullAtip Mlrrain mm fl( ^J>A]ir«kb, favoured by nJublnrff, :^4. 24uliAfi Kliurmiik i-o^ gb«b JaMJip ^ KlMirmm

SoJiAd ^ttW ‘SB ‘Law of

l^liwAja Alsfl-l-Sjaaaai^

.StiltAO .MalimAil HifKnL, A:^K Siil^u g^li, Af^liHEki nhoi to Uealh with Am»w5i. 3^74.

^ii.liAiiu ■ n ‘ ui^ cliilil of

JithwiMfirt IJ ftod Ei. I.

Iks wtyW ■2T3,i74.^tt^; stylmi 4kt^

SQmj Mob iW 3 |i of BAja B4^,

^n, .-m. ,mi.

ftaraj Wingb, HAjo. itmUcrtud nnt‘k of KhomtiA Bliiti Joliattb

i prmnrrtc^, lil3 ; l\gmn with hw Lmtbef. “JSIl ; to Dwc*o, ‘iua. „ ,

Sorai Sicffh. ifOliof RfiV Ray SiiliT^. I’nilfkifor Viftrtiosr of DitlijUp “S-IS. offering <4,

LfTCvouto etc^ninn ^ f gjvort emu Tn raturti, ; lJTonn>teJit

n ■

Hurkhali, di’woverjf c( plot at* cufincfia in, f3(f’.

haynip Ttw lUJao

anuicArft fta Bikhtar or CliAltar inmMSS^ ^

(tir. of BcngmJp mokM

rtyM ^"■.

t>f the Ahmlrs H« ^ Bccoan. m. hmi^lk. king of Pert^a, nf, lii ; ffiTC* «wtrr in marnago to Ni’maEil tlahp l&l. _ hnkantn, J»tfn of Tnarries BihAr HAnfl, ID n, 3. i KliAn tarlyAnb khta Beg KfllrtiU,

« Ben Kaliwant p janisfietanp 413.

TinaSyyA MullA, U^.

Tarb^yat KhAik, titlp of ^AfMj 1 |■p- RailklTn^ Km of QAaim. I\Md, ^wytGMii^r of Ahjariis 1; mnivcM titk ol Tarlii^-ftib l-IU i pKwiKktcd, made faujilor

of Alvar* fTR I |MiiiEitHlK -236,

aiJb

Tonli Reg Kkaop ^Icfoateii aitd pat tn diAth, fift.

Tijdl Kf^rt inwiLEUL, at baTOff of

Aliinailabad, 42,

TA^ifk S«r Fnrjl fulwitilil he yd^ltlb ^itylcd liy Akliiar TfiJ urutElcEoil to 3! ^ ti-‘ft at

Kafriil, Y2\ 1 reffrirtT;^l f^Tta MnLtao, HMS: |troinm€*cb iTfb 1S3B, 2fU ; fl|i(iCTintsil to TihaJuir,

; liieatlik 2lf7.

ria«^ liOM>rareK f™ od m Tbo tMjyn Iss vfiicg, iiMtrail ai on’ thinl of flo ineb feed iwir and- a third inch.

Tatar KhAn* offerinc of* 3SA.

TctctumElp Baja of Komuinn* ‘^27.

Tcufclp S>r., Etuotf^l, lid II. I.

Thief* rfofy of,

Tiger^ -arangt: atory of, 1^7.

Tigfchai’e ttiillip

Tlmilr, idcturB off l-’^” , „ . .

Tmfar Uni hbi ™ Baja kalyan honotarod,

fcwlWp Vftluo of, 3r

Ti^fcAf (gTiiiiierh 23: nfltfr

rontArhMT’+‘rafcrfA* ±l n* 3.

T««, kJ^. 3ai.

TnoifiAwaEb old name of Camlvy,

tusbluci^ Sid^o MahimittiMb i^dlt Tort at DhAr, -hiT,

Tndkcy, li^nb o™ooot of, 2ltb TitniUDi^es

Diifi RAotp 39» it; ttk* 4ti!b

-nxt

mns^ Beg. ii j»i« iy of. .

‘UtiSr khan, grawlfatbef* of Kltaa Jaliin Lo>llp^

‘Umisibn. AtglianH JIlS l’i’.

CymitilS flO AiiiiAri*i

T

ViC’iiigh ^iprlng in Fvaahtnir* D2,

47M

l?id££.

w

Wjigtiul’ii nwt, 3^

iSbwAjBu diiWM of SttLtA^ ^umun. reveals

Wajiliu-d^lKir Gnjirtti nlaU V2&, 4-2rp«,

Wall, brotlierof ^UsTcuiii,

OT.

WAll* MlrxA. eon of Niijlbii-ti-nwa, pniittioted, 144.

Wall Bl fadjcUv of Haluuit

I WUPr

Wdf Mn^ammaii mler of

TfiiAo, 11^.

Woi|ari, jieo^DJuno of

1.13.

WaUr Jamil, ftfomotod, 17 s given

ipOCW msie», 01.

“WoMXt mt MtiiCtbD KMn.

Wi^-E^htAJuid meaMorw, 13+ IWT^AlT. Wulflr l^Vp Kaaliniir, M-41

Y

VAdgir, Khwfl^*^ brotlKFrof “Atcln^ lU^ l^hAu Firftzjaog and father of tbobbtortan lyUugAr 1 1 aSMtli; cxHDrii IrMi Gujaml afi4 get« title of S^ianlAr Khao. 237- yjUlgAr AB P^r^jiUi amljo^^

p^oTp rtceiVcft rauhr (tilver?! of toUs in wi^lit, 3^* YAdgnr Beg QAi^hl, of TmA»oilniuL^ oaken offering, 3TR i given nrenentfi and titled 3Sa+ 40*. YAugar HuMiin Qflsh-begi, 401. YaUigir ’iQurAja of SaMarkand^ preaenta an allniiR, J&fr Y’a’qAb BarJakK>tblp pmniotcd for bravery awt given title of KbatVp 344; promoted^ 373 l

YiliUrtm BAy ll^ Soltan of Turkey,

y Ilsiif md ZulaikliA, Mplcfadid copy, and oota,

Ymai IQuinp BMi of Hneoifl TViVriyaht pronaotedt l4o,

4l>4; MnfctoWoim, 1B4: waited

Oil Jaldagh-p ISQl ataoilArdaeol

top

2afar ^bAn, eon of Zaln Khiln Koka+ Attork given tOp KMI, 111; duos MFvice, 137 j arrange* rtnn hunt, 143: reetivea drtsa, 147 ; ptoraated+ ItKIp 310; oowas fintn Oujamtp 331 j appointed to Belrar, 331 H JbhiI. for+ 3S4 i waito no Jahiaaglr, 306- S^hid, eon of KMn^

nuaUdp 4116.

2ahid i^ian, eon of Sidlij, pro¬ moted* 17; raaaod fo rank of 3^0011, 4d : defcaM Ihillp^ 84 f Servant of ShaJ^ JiMop 441. Zftiti Koka. Aklwri ftotor-

brcptbcr+ 19 1 hnilt KanH^hr fort Cm tJba KSuna, lUi SSain-lankA^ isliuid In Wulflr Lake. !M-

Zoinn-d-dllt, l^wliap eni™ from Tntlrtonianap 389- Zalnnd-^Abidin, SulEin, king of

ICaAbmir, 94.

ZalnAna Beg. 34.. jSfe MabibaV KhiOr

dm of Qarwin, tircuuotod aftii made aO^iou ntant of stobtes* 33 ; rBcdi’e* title td MoJ^tafA Khan ami giTon t> 4 rganab of MaldAb in Bengal, m Zd-L-fai^r p title of Muhammad

” Beg. 27*.

sttrfliw Arm.v aa& flojta, itn., ro^rnu, njaTFoao.

I

I

I

“J

JC

;

■ ft

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